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        <title>Introduction · Reverse Engineering</title>
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        <li class="chapter active" data-level="1.1" data-path="./">
            
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                    Introduction
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="pages/x86-course.html">
            
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                    x86 Course
            
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            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.1" data-path="pages/part-1-goals.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-goals.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1: Goals
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2" data-path="pages/part-2-techniques.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-techniques.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2: Techniques
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3" data-path="pages/part-3-types-of-malware.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-types-of-malware.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3: Types Of Malware
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4" data-path="pages/part-4-x86-assembly-intro.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-x86-assembly-intro.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4: x86 Assembly Intro
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.5" data-path="pages/part-5-binary-number-system.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-binary-number-system.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5: Binary Number System
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.6" data-path="pages/part-6-hexadecimal-number-system.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-hexadecimal-number-system.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6: Hexadecimal Number System
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.7" data-path="pages/part-7-transistors-and-memory.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-transistors-and-memory.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7: Transistors And Memory
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.8" data-path="pages/part-8-bytes-words-double-words-etc.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-bytes-words-double-words-etc.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - Bytes, Words, Double Words, etc...
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.9" data-path="pages/part-9-x86-basic-architecture.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-x86-basic-architecture.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9: x86 Basic Architecture
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.10" data-path="pages/part-10-general-purpose-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-general-purpose-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10: General-purpose Registers
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.11" data-path="pages/part-11-segment-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-segment-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11: Segment Registers
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.12" data-path="pages/part-12-instruction-pointer-register.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-instruction-pointer-register.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12: Instruction Pointer Register
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.13" data-path="pages/part-13-control-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-control-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13: Control Registers
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.14" data-path="pages/part-14-flags.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-flags.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14: Flags
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.15" data-path="pages/part-15-stack.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-stack.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15: Stack
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.16" data-path="pages/part-16-heap.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-heap.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16: Heap
            
                </a>
            

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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.17" data-path="pages/part-17-how-to-install-linux.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-how-to-install-linux.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 – How To Install Linux
            
                </a>
            

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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.18" data-path="pages/part-18-vim-text-editor.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-vim-text-editor.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 - vim Text Editor
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.19" data-path="pages/part-19-why-learn-assembly.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-why-learn-assembly.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 - Why Learn Assembly
            
                </a>
            

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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.20" data-path="pages/part-20-instruction-code-handling.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-instruction-code-handling.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 - Instruction Code Handling
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.21" data-path="pages/part-21-how-to-compile-a-program.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-21-how-to-compile-a-program.html">
            
                    
                    Part 21 - How To Compile A Program
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.22" data-path="pages/part-22-asm-program-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-22-asm-program-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                    
                    Part 22 - ASM Program 1 [Moving Immediate Data]
            
                </a>
            

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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.23" data-path="pages/part-23-asm-debugging-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-23-asm-debugging-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                    
                    Part 23 - ASM Debugging 1 [Moving Immediate Data]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.24" data-path="pages/part-24-asm-hacking-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-24-asm-hacking-1-moving-immediate-data.html">
            
                    
                    Part 24 - ASM Hacking 1 [Moving Immediate Data]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.25" data-path="pages/part-25-asm-program-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-25-asm-program-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 25 - ASM Program 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.26" data-path="pages/part-26-asm-debugging-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-26-asm-debugging-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 26 - ASM Debugging 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.27" data-path="pages/part-27-asm-hacking-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-27-asm-hacking-2-moving-data-between-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 27 - ASM Hacking 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.28" data-path="pages/part-28-asm-program-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-28-asm-program-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 28 - ASM Program 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.29" data-path="pages/part-29-asm-debugging-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-29-asm-debugging-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 29 - ASM Debugging 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.30" data-path="pages/part-30-asm-hacking-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-30-asm-hacking-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 30 - ASM Hacking 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.31" data-path="pages/part-31-asm-program-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-31-asm-program-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                    
                    Part 31 - ASM Program 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.32" data-path="pages/part-32-asm-debugging-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-32-asm-debugging-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                    
                    Part 32 - ASM Debugging 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.33" data-path="pages/part-33-asm-hacking-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-33-asm-hacking-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.html">
            
                    
                    Part 33 - ASM Hacking 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.34" data-path="pages/part-34-asm-program-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-34-asm-program-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 34 - ASM Program 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.35" data-path="pages/part-35-asm-debugging-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-35-asm-debugging-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 35 - ASM Debugging 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.36" data-path="pages/part-36-asm-hacking-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-36-asm-hacking-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 36 - ASM Hacking 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.37" data-path="pages/part-37-asm-program-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-37-asm-program-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                    
                    Part 37 - ASM Program 6 [CMOV Instructions]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.38" data-path="pages/part-38-asm-debugging-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-38-asm-debugging-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                    
                    Part 38 - ASM Debugging 6 [CMOV Instructions]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.39" data-path="pages/part-39-asm-hacking-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-39-asm-hacking-6-cmov-instructions.html">
            
                    
                    Part 39 - ASM Hacking 6 [CMOV Instructions]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.40" data-path="pages/part-40-conclusion.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-40-conclusion.html">
            
                    
                    Part 40 - Conclusion
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="pages/arm-32-course-1.html">
            
                <a href="pages/arm-32-course-1.html">
            
                    
                    ARM-32 Course 1
            
                </a>
            

            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1 – The Meaning Of Life
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="pages/part-2-number-systems.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-number-systems.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2 - Number Systems
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="pages/part-3-binary-addition.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-binary-addition.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3 - Binary Addition
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="pages/part-4-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4 - Binary Subtraction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="pages/part-5-word-lengths.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-word-lengths.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5 - Word Lengths
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6" data-path="pages/part-6-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6 - Registers
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7" data-path="pages/part-7-program-counter.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-program-counter.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7 - Program Counter
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8" data-path="pages/part-8-cpsr.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-cpsr.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - CPSR
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9" data-path="pages/part-9-link-register.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-link-register.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9 - Link Register
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10" data-path="pages/part-10-stack-pointer.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-stack-pointer.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10 - Stack Pointer
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11" data-path="pages/part-11-arm-firmware-boot-procedures.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-arm-firmware-boot-procedures.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11 - ARM Firmware Boot Procedures
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12" data-path="pages/part-12-von-neumann-architecture.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-von-neumann-architecture.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12 - Von Neumann Architecture
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13" data-path="pages/part-13-instruction-pipeline.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-instruction-pipeline.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13 - Instruction Pipeline
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14" data-path="pages/part-14-add.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-add.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14 - ADD
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15" data-path="pages/part-15-debugging-add.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-debugging-add.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15 - Debugging ADD
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.16" data-path="pages/part-16-hacking-add.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-hacking-add.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16 - Hacking ADD
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.17" data-path="pages/part-17-adds.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-adds.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 - ADDS
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.18" data-path="pages/part-18-debugging-adds.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-debugging-adds.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 – Debugging ADDS
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.19" data-path="pages/part-19-hacking-adds.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-hacking-adds.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 – Hacking ADDS
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.20" data-path="pages/part-20-adc.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-adc.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 – ADC
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.21" data-path="pages/part-21-debugging-adc.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-21-debugging-adc.html">
            
                    
                    Part 21 – Debugging ADC
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.22" data-path="pages/part-22-hacking-adc.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-22-hacking-adc.html">
            
                    
                    Part 22 – Hacking ADC
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.23" data-path="pages/part-23-sub.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-23-sub.html">
            
                    
                    Part 23 – SUB
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.24" data-path="pages/part-24-debugging-sub.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-24-debugging-sub.html">
            
                    
                    Part 24 – Debugging SUB
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.25" data-path="pages/part-25-hacking-sub.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-25-hacking-sub.html">
            
                    
                    Part 25 – Hacking SUB
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="pages/arm-32-course-2.html">
            
                <a href="pages/arm-32-course-2.html">
            
                    
                    ARM-32 Course 2
            
                </a>
            

            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life-part-2.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life-part-2.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1 – The Meaning Of Life Part 2
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="pages/part-2-number-systems.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-number-systems.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2 – Number Systems
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="pages/part-3-binary-addition.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-binary-addition.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3 – Binary Addition
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="pages/part-4-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4 – Binary Subtraction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5" data-path="pages/part-5-word-lengths.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-word-lengths.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5 – Word Lengths
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6" data-path="pages/part-6-registers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-registers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6 – Registers
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7" data-path="pages/part-7-program-counter.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-program-counter.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7 – Program Counter
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8" data-path="pages/part-8-cpsr.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-cpsr.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - CPSR
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9" data-path="pages/part-9-link-register.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-link-register.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9 - Link Register
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10" data-path="pages/part-10-stack-pointer.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-stack-pointer.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10 - Stack Pointer
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11" data-path="pages/part-11-firmware-boot-procedures.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-firmware-boot-procedures.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11 - Firmware Boot Procedures
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12" data-path="pages/part-12-von-neumann-architecture.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-von-neumann-architecture.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12 - Von Neumann Architecture
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13" data-path="pages/part-13-instruction-pipeline.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-instruction-pipeline.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13 - Instruction Pipeline
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14" data-path="pages/part-14-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14 - Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.15" data-path="pages/part-15-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15 - Debugging Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.16" data-path="pages/part-16-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16 - Hacking Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.17" data-path="pages/part-17-constants.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-constants.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 - Constants
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.18" data-path="pages/part-18-debugging-constants.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-debugging-constants.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 – Debugging Constants
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.19" data-path="pages/part-19-hacking-constants.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-hacking-constants.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 – Hacking Constants
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.20" data-path="pages/part-20-character-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-character-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 – Character Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.21" data-path="pages/part-21-debugging-character-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-21-debugging-character-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 21 – Debugging Character Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.22" data-path="pages/part-22-hacking-character-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-22-hacking-character-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 22 – Hacking Character Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.23" data-path="pages/part-23-boolean-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-23-boolean-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 23 – Boolean Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.24" data-path="pages/part-24-debugging-boolean-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-24-debugging-boolean-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 24 – Debugging Boolean Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.25" data-path="pages/part-25-hacking-boolean-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-25-hacking-boolean-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 25 – Hacking Boolean Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.26" data-path="pages/part-26-integer-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-26-integer-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 26 – Integer Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.27" data-path="pages/part-27-debugging-integer-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-27-debugging-integer-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 27 – Debugging Integer Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.28" data-path="pages/part-28-hacking-integer-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-28-hacking-integer-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 28 – Hacking Integer Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.29" data-path="pages/part-29-float-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-29-float-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 29 – Float Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.30" data-path="pages/part-30-debugging-float-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-30-debugging-float-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 30 – Debugging Float Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.31" data-path="pages/part-31-hacking-float-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-31-hacking-float-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 31 – Hacking Float Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.32" data-path="pages/part-32-double-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-32-double-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 32 – Double Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.33" data-path="pages/part-33-debugging-double-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-33-debugging-double-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 33 – Debugging Double Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.34" data-path="pages/part-34-hacking-double-variables.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-34-hacking-double-variables.html">
            
                    
                    Part 34 – Hacking Double Variables
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.35" data-path="pages/part-35-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-35-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 35 – SizeOf Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.36" data-path="pages/part-36-debugging-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-36-debugging-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 36 – Debugging SizeOf Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.37" data-path="pages/part-37-hacking-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-37-hacking-sizeof-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 37 – Hacking SizeOf Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.38" data-path="pages/part-38-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-38-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 38 – Pre-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.39" data-path="pages/part-39-debugging-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-39-debugging-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 39 – Debugging Pre-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.40" data-path="pages/part-40-hacking-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-40-hacking-pre-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 40 – Hacking Pre-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.41" data-path="pages/part-41-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-41-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 41 – Post-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.42" data-path="pages/part-42-debugging-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-42-debugging-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 42 – Debugging Post-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.43" data-path="pages/part-43-hacking-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-43-hacking-post-increment-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 43 – Hacking Post-Increment Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.44" data-path="pages/part-44-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-44-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 44 – Pre-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.45" data-path="pages/part-45-debugging-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-45-debugging-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 45 – Debugging Pre-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.46" data-path="pages/part-46-hacking-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-46-hacking-pre-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 46 – Hacking Pre-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.47" data-path="pages/part-47-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-47-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 47 – Post-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.48" data-path="pages/part-48-debugging-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-48-debugging-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 48 – Debugging Post-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.49" data-path="pages/part-49-hacking-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-49-hacking-post-decrement-operator.html">
            
                    
                    Part 49 – Hacking Post-Decrement Operator
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="pages/x64-course.html">
            
                <a href="pages/x64-course.html">
            
                    
                    x64 Course
            
                </a>
            

            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="pages/part-1-the-cyber-revolution.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-the-cyber-revolution.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1 – The Cyber Revolution
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="pages/part-2-transistors.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-transistors.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2 - Transistors
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="pages/part-3-logic-gates.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-logic-gates.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3 - Logic Gates
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4" data-path="pages/part-4-number-systems.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-number-systems.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4 - Number Systems
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5" data-path="pages/part-5-binary-addition.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-binary-addition.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5 - Binary Addition
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6" data-path="pages/part-6-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-binary-subtraction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6 - Binary Subtraction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7" data-path="pages/part-7-word-lengths.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-word-lengths.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7 - Word Lengths
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.8" data-path="pages/part-8-general-architecture.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-general-architecture.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - General Architecture
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.9" data-path="pages/part-9-calling-conventions.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-calling-conventions.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9 - Calling Conventions
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.10" data-path="pages/part-10-boolean-instructions.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-boolean-instructions.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10 - Boolean Instructions
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.11" data-path="pages/part-11-pointers.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-pointers.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11 - Pointers
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.12" data-path="pages/part-12-load-effective-address.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-load-effective-address.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12 - Load Effective Address
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.13" data-path="pages/part-13-the-data-segment.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-the-data-segment.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13 - The Data Segment
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.14" data-path="pages/part-14-shl-instruction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-shl-instruction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14 - SHL Instruction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.15" data-path="pages/part-15-shr-instruction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-shr-instruction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15 - SHR Instruction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.16" data-path="pages/part-16-rol-instruction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-rol-instruction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16 - ROL Instruction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.17" data-path="pages/part-17-ror-instruction.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-ror-instruction.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 - ROR Instruction
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.18" data-path="pages/part-18-boot-sector-basics-part-1.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-boot-sector-basics-part-1.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 1]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.19" data-path="pages/part-19-boot-sector-basics-part-2.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-boot-sector-basics-part-2.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 2]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.20" data-path="pages/part-20-boot-sector-basics-part-3.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-boot-sector-basics-part-3.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 3]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.21" data-path="pages/part-21-boot-sector-basics-part-4.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-21-boot-sector-basics-part-4.html">
            
                    
                    Part 21 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 4]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.22" data-path="pages/part-22-boot-sector-basics-part-5.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-22-boot-sector-basics-part-5.html">
            
                    
                    Part 22 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 5]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.23" data-path="pages/part-23-boot-sector-basics-part-6.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-23-boot-sector-basics-part-6.html">
            
                    
                    Part 23 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 6]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.24" data-path="pages/part-24-boot-sector-basics-part-7.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-24-boot-sector-basics-part-7.html">
            
                    
                    Part 24 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 7]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.25" data-path="pages/part-25-boot-sector-basics-part-8.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-25-boot-sector-basics-part-8.html">
            
                    
                    Part 25 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 8]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.26" data-path="pages/part-26-boot-sector-basics-part-9.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-26-boot-sector-basics-part-9.html">
            
                    
                    Part 26 - Boot Sector Basics [Part 9]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.27" data-path="pages/part-27-x64-assembly-part-1.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-27-x64-assembly-part-1.html">
            
                    
                    Part 27 - x64 Assembly [Part 1]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.28" data-path="pages/part-28-x64-assembly-part-2.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-28-x64-assembly-part-2.html">
            
                    
                    Part 28 - x64 Assembly [Part 2]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.29" data-path="pages/part-29-x64-assembly-part-3.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-29-x64-assembly-part-3.html">
            
                    
                    Part 29 - x64 Assembly [Part 3]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.30" data-path="pages/part-30-x64-assembly-part-4.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-30-x64-assembly-part-4.html">
            
                    
                    Part 30 - x64 Assembly [Part 4]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.31" data-path="pages/part-31-x64-assembly-part-5.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-31-x64-assembly-part-5.html">
            
                    
                    Part 31 - x64 Assembly [Part 5]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.32" data-path="pages/part-32-x64-assembly-part-6.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-32-x64-assembly-part-6.html">
            
                    
                    Part 32 - x64 Assembly [Part 6]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.33" data-path="pages/part-33-x64-assembly-part-7.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-33-x64-assembly-part-7.html">
            
                    
                    Part 33 - x64 Assembly [Part 7]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.34" data-path="pages/part-34-x64-c++-1-code-part-1.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-34-x64-c++-1-code-part-1.html">
            
                    
                    Part 34 - x64 C++ 1 Code [Part 1]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.35" data-path="pages/part-35-x64-c++-2-debug-part-2.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-35-x64-c++-2-debug-part-2.html">
            
                    
                    Part 35 - x64 C++ 2 Debug [Part 2]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.36" data-path="pages/part-36-x64-c++-3-hacking-part-3.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-36-x64-c++-3-hacking-part-3.html">
            
                    
                    Part 36 - x64 C++ 3 Hacking [Part 3]
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.37" data-path="pages/part-37-x64-c-amp;-genesis-of-life.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-37-x64-c-amp;-genesis-of-life.html">
            
                    
                    Part 37 - x64 C & Genesis Of Life
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.38" data-path="pages/part-38-x64-networking-basics.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-38-x64-networking-basics.html">
            
                    
                    Part 38 - x64 Networking Basics
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.39" data-path="pages/part-39-why-c.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-39-why-c.html">
            
                    
                    Part 39 - Why C?
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.40" data-path="pages/part-40-hacking-hello-world!.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-40-hacking-hello-world!.html">
            
                    
                    Part 40 - Hacking Hello World!
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.41" data-path="pages/part-41-hacking-variables!.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-41-hacking-variables!.html">
            
                    
                    Part 41 - Hacking Variables!
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.42" data-path="pages/part-42-hacking-branches!.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-42-hacking-branches!.html">
            
                    
                    Part 42 - Hacking Branches!
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.43" data-path="pages/part-43-hacking-pointers!.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-43-hacking-pointers!.html">
            
                    
                    Part 43 - Hacking Pointers!
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="pages/arm-64-course.html">
            
                <a href="pages/arm-64-course.html">
            
                    
                    ARM-64 Course
            
                </a>
            

            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-the-meaning-of-life.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1 - The Meaning Of Life
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="pages/part-2-development-setup.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-development-setup.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2 - Development Setup
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="pages/part-3-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3 - "Hello World"
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="pages/part-4-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4 - Debugging "Hello World"
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.5" data-path="pages/part-5-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5 - Hacking "Hello World"
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.6" data-path="pages/part-6-basic-io.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-basic-io.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6 - Basic I/O
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.7" data-path="pages/part-7-debugging-basic-io.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-debugging-basic-io.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7 - Debugging Basic I/O
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.8" data-path="pages/part-8-hacking-basic-io.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-hacking-basic-io.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - Hacking Basic I/O
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.9" data-path="pages/part-9-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9 - Character Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.10" data-path="pages/part-10-debugging-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-debugging-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10 - Debugging Character Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.11" data-path="pages/part-11-hacking-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-hacking-character-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11 - Hacking Character Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.12" data-path="pages/part-12-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12 - Boolean Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.13" data-path="pages/part-13-debugging-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-debugging-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13 - Debugging Boolean Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.14" data-path="pages/part-14-hacking-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-hacking-boolean-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14 - Hacking Boolean Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.15" data-path="pages/part-15-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15 - Float Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.16" data-path="pages/part-16-debugging-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-debugging-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16 - Debugging Float Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.17" data-path="pages/part-17-hacking-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-hacking-float-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 - Hacking Float Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.18" data-path="pages/part-18-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 - Double Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.19" data-path="pages/part-19-debugging-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-debugging-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 - Debugging Double Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.20" data-path="pages/part-20-hacking-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-hacking-double-primitive-datatype.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 - Hacking Double Primitive Datatype
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="pages/pico-hacking-course.html">
            
                <a href="pages/pico-hacking-course.html">
            
                    
                    Pico Hacking Course
            
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            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="pages/part-1-the-why-the-how.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-1-the-why-the-how.html">
            
                    
                    Part 1 - The Why, The How...
            
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        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="pages/part-2-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-2-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 2 - Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="pages/part-3-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-3-debugging-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 3 - Debugging Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.4" data-path="pages/part-4-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-4-hacking-hello-world.html">
            
                    
                    Part 4 - Hacking Hello World
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.5" data-path="pages/part-5-char.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-5-char.html">
            
                    
                    Part 5 - char
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.6" data-path="pages/part-6-debugging-char.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-6-debugging-char.html">
            
                    
                    Part 6 - Debugging char
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.7" data-path="pages/part-7-hacking-char.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-7-hacking-char.html">
            
                    
                    Part 7 - Hacking char
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.8" data-path="pages/part-8-int.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-8-int.html">
            
                    
                    Part 8 - int
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.9" data-path="pages/part-9-debugging-int.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-9-debugging-int.html">
            
                    
                    Part 9 - Debugging int
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.10" data-path="pages/part-10-hacking-int.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-10-hacking-int.html">
            
                    
                    Part 10 - Hacking int
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.11" data-path="pages/part-11-float.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-11-float.html">
            
                    
                    Part 11 - float
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.12" data-path="pages/part-12-debugging-float.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-12-debugging-float.html">
            
                    
                    Part 12 - Debugging float
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.13" data-path="pages/part-13-hacking-float.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-13-hacking-float.html">
            
                    
                    Part 13 - Hacking float
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.14" data-path="pages/part-14-double.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-14-double.html">
            
                    
                    Part 14 - double
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.15" data-path="pages/part-15-debugging-double.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-15-debugging-double.html">
            
                    
                    Part 15 - Debugging double
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.16" data-path="pages/part-16-hacking-double.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-16-hacking-double.html">
            
                    
                    Part 16 - Hacking double
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.17" data-path="pages/part-17-absolute-power-corrupts-absolutely!-the-tragic-tale-of-input.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-17-absolute-power-corrupts-absolutely!-the-tragic-tale-of-input.html">
            
                    
                    Part 17 - "ABSOLUTE POWER CORRUPTS ABSOLUTELY!", The Tragic Tale Of Input...
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.18" data-path="pages/part-18-for-800-years-have-i-trained-jedi!-the-force-that-is-input.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-18-for-800-years-have-i-trained-jedi!-the-force-that-is-input.html">
            
                    
                    Part 18 - "FOR 800 YEARS HAVE I TRAINED JEDI!", The FORCE That IS Input...
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.19" data-path="pages/part-19-input.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-19-input.html">
            
                    
                    Part 19 - Input
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.20" data-path="pages/part-20-debugging-input.html">
            
                <a href="pages/part-20-debugging-input.html">
            
                    
                    Part 20 - Debugging Input
            
                </a>
            

        </li>
    

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        Reverse engineering, also called backwards engineering or back engineering, is the process by which an artificial object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, code, or to extract knowledge from the object. It is similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is conducted into a natural phenomenon.
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Bytes, Words, Double Words, etc...","level":"1.2.8","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-8-bytes-words-double-words-etc.md","ref":"pages/part-8-bytes-words-double-words-etc.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 9: x86 Basic Architecture","level":"1.2.9","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-9-x86-basic-architecture.md","ref":"pages/part-9-x86-basic-architecture.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 10: General-purpose Registers","level":"1.2.10","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-10-general-purpose-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-10-general-purpose-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 11: Segment Registers","level":"1.2.11","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-11-segment-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-11-segment-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 12: Instruction Pointer Register","level":"1.2.12","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-12-instruction-pointer-register.md","ref":"pages/part-12-instruction-pointer-register.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 13: Control Registers","level":"1.2.13","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-13-control-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-13-control-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 14: Flags","level":"1.2.14","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-14-flags.md","ref":"pages/part-14-flags.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 15: Stack","level":"1.2.15","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-15-stack.md","ref":"pages/part-15-stack.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 16: Heap","level":"1.2.16","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-16-heap.md","ref":"pages/part-16-heap.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 17 – How To Install Linux","level":"1.2.17","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-17-how-to-install-linux.md","ref":"pages/part-17-how-to-install-linux.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 18 - vim Text Editor","level":"1.2.18","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-18-vim-text-editor.md","ref":"pages/part-18-vim-text-editor.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 19 - Why Learn Assembly","level":"1.2.19","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-19-why-learn-assembly.md","ref":"pages/part-19-why-learn-assembly.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 20 - Instruction Code Handling","level":"1.2.20","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-20-instruction-code-handling.md","ref":"pages/part-20-instruction-code-handling.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 21 - How To Compile A Program","level":"1.2.21","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-21-how-to-compile-a-program.md","ref":"pages/part-21-how-to-compile-a-program.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 22 - ASM Program 1 [Moving Immediate Data]","level":"1.2.22","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-22-asm-program-1-moving-immediate-data.md","ref":"pages/part-22-asm-program-1-moving-immediate-data.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 23 - ASM Debugging 1 [Moving Immediate Data]","level":"1.2.23","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-23-asm-debugging-1-moving-immediate-data.md","ref":"pages/part-23-asm-debugging-1-moving-immediate-data.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 24 - ASM Hacking 1 [Moving Immediate Data]","level":"1.2.24","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-24-asm-hacking-1-moving-immediate-data.md","ref":"pages/part-24-asm-hacking-1-moving-immediate-data.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 25 - ASM Program 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]","level":"1.2.25","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-25-asm-program-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-25-asm-program-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 26 - ASM Debugging 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]","level":"1.2.26","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-26-asm-debugging-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-26-asm-debugging-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 27 - ASM Hacking 2 [Moving Data Between Registers]","level":"1.2.27","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-27-asm-hacking-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-27-asm-hacking-2-moving-data-between-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 28 - ASM Program 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]","level":"1.2.28","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-28-asm-program-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-28-asm-program-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 29 - ASM Debugging 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]","level":"1.2.29","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-29-asm-debugging-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-29-asm-debugging-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 30 - ASM Hacking 3 [Moving Data Between Memory And Registers]","level":"1.2.30","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-30-asm-hacking-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-30-asm-hacking-3-moving-data-between-memory-and-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 31 - ASM Program 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]","level":"1.2.31","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-31-asm-program-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","ref":"pages/part-31-asm-program-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 32 - ASM Debugging 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]","level":"1.2.32","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-32-asm-debugging-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","ref":"pages/part-32-asm-debugging-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 33 - ASM Hacking 4 [Moving Data Between Registers And Memory]","level":"1.2.33","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-33-asm-hacking-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","ref":"pages/part-33-asm-hacking-4-moving-data-between-registers-and-memory.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 34 - ASM Program 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]","level":"1.2.34","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-34-asm-program-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-34-asm-program-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 35 - ASM Debugging 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]","level":"1.2.35","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-35-asm-debugging-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-35-asm-debugging-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 36 - ASM Hacking 5 [Indirect Addressing With Registers]","level":"1.2.36","depth":2,"path":"pages/part-36-asm-hacking-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","ref":"pages/part-36-asm-hacking-5-indirect-addressing-with-registers.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Part 37 - 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