Common: Add flags enum helper class

[f3sch]

In a previous iteration this was done via macros, now this became a helper class promoting any enum to a functioning constexpr flags class (very close to std::bitset).
Also enum reflection was added. Where one can print the enum in a 'pretty' way:

but also allowing to set bits via their name:

      flags.set("Flag1|TestEnum::Flag2 | Flag4 ");

The class has only one data member, e.g. the underlying type of the enum, so streaming should be straightforward to add if needed.

[github-actions]

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[alibuild]

Error while checking build/O2/fullCI for ce57614 at 2025-01-02 10:25:

## sw/BUILD/O2-latest/log
c++: error: unrecognized command-line option '--rtlib=compiler-rt'
c++: error: unrecognized command-line option '--rtlib=compiler-rt'


## sw/BUILD/O2Physics-latest/log
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:
Error in cling::AutoLoadingVisitor::InsertIntoAutoLoadingState:


## sw/BUILD/O2-full-system-test-latest/log
Detected critical problem in logfile reco_NOGPU.log
reco_NOGPU.log:[52315:calib-phos-l1phase]: [09:24:59][ERROR] Exception while running: Fatal error. Rethrowing.
[52315:calib-phos-l1phase]: [09:24:59][ERROR] Requested resource does not exist: http://alice-ccdb.cern.ch//PHS/Calib/BadMap/1735809899069/
[52315:calib-phos-l1phase]: [09:24:59][FATAL] Got nullptr from CCDB for path PHS/Calib/BadMap and timestamp 1735809899069
[52315:calib-phos-l1phase]: [09:24:59][ERROR] Exception while running: Fatal error. Rethrowing.
[52315:calib-phos-l1phase]: [09:24:59][FATAL] Unhandled o2::framework::runtime_error reached the top of main of o2-phos-calib-workflow, device shutting down. Reason: Fatal error
[ERROR] Workflow crashed - PID 52315 (calib-phos-l1phase) did not exit correctly however it's not clear why. Exit code forced to 128.


## sw/BUILD/o2checkcode-latest/log
--
========== List of errors found ==========
++ GRERR=0
++ grep -v clang-diagnostic-error error-log.txt
++ grep ' error:'
++ GRERR=1
++ [[ 1 == 0 ]]
++ mkdir -p /sw/INSTALLROOT/db9ba97358b07a46ef326a9ee5fcd2a4a420c448/slc8_x86-64/o2checkcode/1.0-local913/etc/modulefiles
++ cat
--

Full log here.

[f3sch]

Hi @sawenzel would this be interesting to add? I have a few scenarios in mind where, in the future, managing multiple boolean flags (e.g., for enabling or disabling algorithm features) could become cumbersome. In such cases, a bitset could be a viable alternative. However, I’d like to make it possible to set these features via their names (also because I think it is mind-boggling to remember which number sets which bit).