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4_prot2.Rmd
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4_prot2.Rmd
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```{r, echo = FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
library(knitr)
opts_chunk$set(collapse = TRUE, comment = "#>")
library(png)
library(grid)
library(gridExtra)
library(cerUB)
library(biplot2d3d)
```
```{r, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
# this performs the initalization procedures
data(amphorae)
varCode <- code_variables(amphorae)
cleanAmphorae <- clean_and_format(
amphorae,
completion_variable = c(
# The variable with completion info
"CHARAC",
# the value indicating completion
"complete"
),
categorical_columns = 1:112,
numerical_columns = 113:ncol(amphorae),
# values converted to NA
as_na = c("NULL", "indeterminate", "unfired"),
# method for replacing NAs
method = NULL,
# don't use the following variables
columns_to_exclude = c("VOID_VESIC_MEGA", "VOID_VUGH_MEGA",
"VOID_CHAN_MEGA", "VOID_PLAN_MEGA",
"COAR_R_DAC_AND", "COAR_R_EVAP",
"COAR_R_CONGBREC", "COAR_R_SERP",
"COAR_C_SPL", "COAR_C_OPX",
"COAR_C_OL", "COAR_C_SIL",
"COAR_C_ST", "COAR_C_ZRN",
"COAR_C_PY", "FINE_C_OPX",
"FINE_C_ZRN"),
# don't use the following observations
# (Italic amphorae from Port Vendres 4)
rows_to_exclude = c("PV4033", # PV4-IND4
"PV4017", # PV4-CAMP
# PV4-ITT
"PV4021", "PV4023", "PV4024",
"PV4025", "PV4035", "PV4037",
# PV4-NAP
"PV4022", "PV4026", "PV4027",
"PV4028", "PV4029", "PV4030",
"PV4036")
)
isShipwreck <-
cleanAmphorae$Site_Name=="Cap del Vol" |
cleanAmphorae$Site_Name=="Ullastres I" |
cleanAmphorae$Site_Name=="Port-Vendres 4"
ProvenanceGroup <- c()
isTrueIND <- c()
# coerce the original group variables (factors) into character vectors
# so we can use stringr package to operate on them.
cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup <-
as.character(cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup)
cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup <-
as.character(cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup)
for (i in 1:nrow(cleanAmphorae)){
groupChem <-
stringr::str_split(cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[i], "-")[[1]]
groupFabric <-
stringr::str_split(cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup[i], "-")[[1]]
group <- ""
isATrueInd <- FALSE
if (groupChem[2] == "IND" || groupFabric[2] == "IND") {
group <- cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[i]
if (!isShipwreck[i]) isATrueInd <- TRUE
index <- 1
for (j in 1:length(ProvenanceGroup)){
if (ProvenanceGroup[j] == paste(group, index, sep = ""))
index <- index + 1
}
group <- paste(group, index, sep = "")
cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[i] <- group
cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup[i] <- group
}
else {
if (groupChem[1] == "ULL" ||
groupChem[1] == "PV4" ||
groupChem[1] == "CDV") {
group <- cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[i]
}
else if (groupChem[1] == groupFabric[1]){
group <- groupChem[1]
}
}
ProvenanceGroup <- c(ProvenanceGroup, group[1])
isTrueIND <- c(isTrueIND, isATrueInd)
}
factor_list <-
list(
Site = factor(cleanAmphorae$Site_Name[!isShipwreck]),
FabricGroup = factor(cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup[!isShipwreck]),
ChemGroup = factor(cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[!isShipwreck]),
ProvGroup = factor(ProvenanceGroup[!isShipwreck])
)
factor_list_Shipwreck <-
list(
Site = factor(cleanAmphorae$Site_Name[!isTrueIND]),
FabricGroup = factor(cleanAmphorae$FabricGroup[!isTrueIND]),
ChemGroup = factor(cleanAmphorae$ChemReferenceGroup[!isTrueIND]),
ProvGroup = factor(ProvenanceGroup[!isTrueIND])
)
labels_code <- as.character(row.names(cleanAmphorae)) # using row names
labels_cross <- rep("+", nrow(cleanAmphorae)) # using +
labels_x <- rep(4, nrow(cleanAmphorae)) # using pch code
labels_point <- rep(20, nrow(cleanAmphorae)) # using pch code
labels_list <- list(
Code = labels_code[!isShipwreck],
Cross = labels_cross[!isShipwreck],
X = labels_x[!isShipwreck],
Point = labels_point[!isShipwreck]
)
labels_list_Shipwreck <- list(
Code = labels_code[!isTrueIND],
Cross = labels_cross[!isTrueIND],
X = labels_x[!isTrueIND],
Point = labels_point[!isTrueIND]
)
color_list <- list()
for (i in 1:length(factor_list)){
cv <- rainbow(nlevels(factor_list[[i]]), v=.8)
color_list[[i]] <- cv
names(color_list)[i] = names(factor_list)[i]
}
color_list_Shipwreck <- list()
for (i in 1:length(factor_list_Shipwreck)){
cv <- rainbow(nlevels(factor_list_Shipwreck[[i]]), v=.8)
color_list_Shipwreck[[i]] <- cv
names(color_list_Shipwreck)[i] = names(factor_list_Shipwreck)[i]
}
excep_cols <- c("INCLUS_DISTRIB","INCLUS_ORIENT","COAR_ROUNDNESS",
"COAR_FORM","COAR_SPACING","COAR_SORTING","FINE_FORM")
chemVars16 <- c("Fe2O3","Al2O3","TiO2","MgO","CaO","SiO2",
"Th","Nb","Zr","Y","Ce","Ga","V","Zn","Ni","Cr")
```
# Protocol 2 - Petrographic data {#prot2}
The following example applies protocol 2 to confirm workshops' petrographic groups.
Protocol 2 consist in:
1. Select ordinal **_petrographic_** data;
2. Transform to **_ranks_**;
3. **_Extended Gower distance_**, using:
a. **Relative ranking difference** (RRD)
b. **Neighbor interchange** (NI)
4. Apply ordination procedure:
a. **_Principal Coordinates Analysis_** (PCoA)
b. **_Non-metric Dimensional Scaling_** (NMDS)
5. Perform **_PERMANOVA & PERMDISP_** tests;
Last, search for outliers and re-do protocol excluding outliers.
NOTE: The [initial procedures](#init) must be ran at least once before any protocol can be applied.
The key references on the Extended Gower distance are:
> Pavoine, S., Vallet, J., Dufour, A.-B., Gachet, S., Daniel, H., 2009. On the challenge of treating various types of variables: application for improving the measurement of functional diversity. Oikos 118, 391-402. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.16668.x
> Podani, J., 1999. Extending Gower's General Coefficient of Similarity to Ordinal Characters on JSTOR. Taxon 48, 331-340. doi:10.2307/1224438
> Gower, J.C., 1971. A General Coefficient of Similarity and Some of Its Properties. Biometrics 27, 857-871. doi:10.2307/2528823
\pagebreak
## Ordination procedure
Depending on which type of distance calculation (RRD/NI), protocol 2 performs different ordination methods (PCoA/NMDS). Both PCoA and NMDS require specifying the number of dimensions in which to project the data. Therefore, you must generate specific 2D and 3D ordination objects:
```{r, results='hide', warning=FALSE, message=FALSE}
prot2a_2d <- apply_ordination(cleanAmphorae[!isShipwreck,],
"2a", # select protocol 2a (RRD & PCoA)
exception_columns = excep_cols,
variable_tags = varCode)
prot2b_2d <- apply_ordination(cleanAmphorae[!isShipwreck,],
"2b", # select protocol 2a (NI & NMDS)
exception_columns = excep_cols,
variable_tags = varCode)
prot2a_3d <- apply_ordination(cleanAmphorae[!isShipwreck,],
"2a", # select protocol 2a (RRD & PCoA)
exception_columns = excep_cols,
variable_tags = varCode,
dimensions = 3)
prot2b_3d <- apply_ordination(cleanAmphorae[!isShipwreck,],
"2b", # select protocol 2a (NI & NMDS)
exception_columns = excep_cols,
variable_tags = varCode,
dimensions = 3)
```
\pagebreak
The ordination objects generated with protocol 2 are different from those in protocol 1 since it uses different functions. However, the main components are still the same: the projection of observations or *scores* (**points**) and of variables or *loadings*.
```{r}
class(prot2a_2d)
names(prot2a_2d)
class(prot2b_2d)
names(prot2b_2d)
```
\pagebreak
## Test the given fabric groups
The fabric groups defined in previous studies can be tested against Protocol 2 distance matrices. We can use either "prot2a_2d\$dist_matrix" or "prot2a_3d\$dist_matrix", because they are the same. Remember that this test batch may take several minutes.
```{r}
prot2a_tests <- test_groups(prot2a_2d$dist_matrix,
factor_list$FabricGroup)
prot2b_tests <- test_groups(prot2b_2d$dist_matrix,
factor_list$FabricGroup)
```
These tests were explained in [protocol 1](#tests).
\pagebreak
## Biplots
The details on how to create biplots is already explained in [protocol 1](#biplot). Concerning protocol 2, we can compare the results of version *2a* (RRD, PCoA) and *2b* (NI, NMDS).
\pagebreak
### Biplot 2D
```{r, fig.width=4.5, fig.height=4.5, fig.cap = "protocol 2a"}
arrows_label_adj <- rbind(c(.5,.8),c(.5,1),c(.5,1),c(.5,0),c(.5,1),
c(.5,0),c(0,.5))
row.names(arrows_label_adj) <- c("L48","L24","L5","L36","S7",
"S8","S11")
biplot2d3d::biplot_2d(prot2a_2d,
ordination_method = "PCoA",
invert_coordinates = c (TRUE,TRUE),
xlim = c(-.26,.35),
ylim = c(-.31,.35),
point_type = "point",
groups = factor_list$FabricGroup,
group_color = color_list$FabricGroup,
group_label_cex = 0.6,
arrow_mim_dist = 0.5,
arrow_label_cex = 0.6,
arrow_fig = c(.6,.95,0,.35),
arrow_label_adj_override = arrows_label_adj,
subtitle = prot2a_2d$sub2D,
test_text = prot2a_tests$text(prot2a_tests),
test_cex = 0.8,
test_fig = c(0, 0.5, 0.62, .99),
fitAnalysis_fig = c(0,.7,.05,.5),
output_type = "preview")
```
\pagebreak
```{r, fig.width=4.5, fig.height=4.5, fig.cap = "protocol 2b"}
arrows_label_adj <- rbind(c(.5,1),c(.5,0),c(.5,1),c(.5,1),c(.5,0),
c(0,.5),c(1,.5))
row.names(arrows_label_adj) <- c("S7","S8","CLAY","L24","L43",
"L5","L36")
biplot2d3d::biplot_2d(prot2b_2d,
ordination_method = "NMDS",
xlim = c(-.42,.38),
ylim = c(-.45,.25),
point_type = "point",
groups = factor_list$FabricGroup,
group_color = color_list$FabricGroup,
group_label_cex = 0.6,
arrow_mim_dist = .5,
arrow_label_cex = 0.6,
arrow_fig = c(.6,.95,0,.35),
arrow_label_adj_override = arrows_label_adj,
subtitle = prot2b_2d$sub2D,
test_text = prot2b_tests$text(prot2b_tests),
test_cex = 0.8,
test_fig = c(0, 0.5, 0.62, .99),
fitAnalysis_stress_axis_cex = 0.8,
fitAnalysis_fig = c(.1,.6,.1,.4),
output_type = "preview")
```
\pagebreak
### Biplot 3D
```{r, eval=FALSE}
biplot2d3d::biplot_3d(prot2a_3d,
ordination_method = "PCoA",
point_type = "point",
groups = factor_list$FabricGroup,
group_color = color_list$FabricGroup,
group_representation = "stars",
star_centroid_radius = 0,
star_label_cex = .8,
arrow_min_dist = .5,
arrow_body_length = .025,
subtitle = prot2a_3d$sub3D,
test_text = prot2a_tests$text(prot2a_tests),
test_cex = 1.25,
test_fig = c(0, 0.5, 0.65, .99),
view_zoom = 0.9)
biplot2d3d::animation(directory = directories$prot2,
file_name = "Prot2a_Biplot3D")
```
```{r Prot2Biplot3Danimation, eval=!params$ispdf, echo=FALSE, dependson='run.coevo.coeta-frames', fig.cap='Prot2_Biplot3D.gif'}
knitr::include_graphics("publication_appendices/Appendix_E_Animated_GIFs/E2_Prot2a_Biplot3D.gif")
```
NOTE: Animated GIF will not be displayed in the pdf version of this document.
\pagebreak
```{r, eval=FALSE}
biplot2d3d::biplot_3d(prot2b_3d,
ordination_method = "NMDS",
point_type = "point",
groups = factor_list$FabricGroup,
group_color = color_list$FabricGroup,
group_representation = "stars",
star_centroid_radius = 0,
star_label_cex = .8,
arrow_min_dist = .5,
arrow_body_length = .025,
subtitle = prot2b_3d$sub3D,
test_text = prot2b_tests$text(prot2b_tests),
test_cex = 1.25,
test_fig = c(0, 0.5, 0.65, .99),
view_zoom = 0.9)
biplot2d3d::animation(directory = directories$prot2,
file_name = "Prot2b_Biplot3D")
```
```{r Prot2bBiplot3Danimation, eval=!params$ispdf, echo=FALSE, dependson='run.coevo.coeta-frames', fig.cap='E2_Prot2b_Biplot3D.gif'}
knitr::include_graphics("publication_appendices/Appendix_E_Animated_GIFs/E2_Prot2b_Biplot3D.gif")
```
NOTE: Animated GIF will not be displayed in the pdf version of this document.