GlissModes.cpp

#include "TrillRackInterface.h"
#include "GlissModes.h"
#include "GlissProtocol.h"
#include <vector>
#include <libraries/Trill/Trill.h> // include this above NeoPixel or "HEX" gets screwed up
#include <libraries/Oscillator/Oscillator.h>
#include "LedSliders.h"
#include "preset.h"
#include "packed.h"
#include "bootloader.h"
#include <tuple>
#include <math.h>

#define SIZE(a) (std::tuple_size<decltype(a)>::value) // gives you a constexpr size of the tuple
#define FILL_ARRAY(name, ...) [this](){decltype(name) a; a.fill( __VA_ARGS__); return a;}()

static void updateAllPresets();
void requestNewMode(int mode, bool forceSave = false);
static void requestOldMode();

static constexpr size_t kNumSplits = 2;
float gBrightness = 1;
bool gModeWantsInteractionPreMenu = false;
bool gModeWantsMenuDelay = false;
bool gInPreMenu = false;

static constexpr rgb_t kRgbRed {255, 0, 0};
static constexpr rgb_t kRgbGreen {0, 255, 0};
static constexpr rgb_t kRgbOrange {255, 127, 0};
static constexpr rgb_t kRgbYellow {255, 255, 0};
static constexpr rgb_t kRgbWhite {0, 51, 255};
static constexpr rgb_t kRgbBlack {0, 0, 0};
static constexpr float kMenuButtonDefaultBrightness = 0.2;
static constexpr float kMenuButtonActiveBrightness = 0.7;
static constexpr float kDefaultThreshold = 0.03;
const float kAsymmetricalSplitPoint = 0.2;
static constexpr size_t kRangeLedsPerCentroid = 2;

constexpr size_t kMaxBtnStates = 7;
typedef std::array<rgb_t,kMaxBtnStates> AnimationColors;
static AnimationColors buttonColors = {
		kRgbRed,
		kRgbOrange,
		kRgbYellow,
		kRgbGreen,
		kRgbWhite,
		kRgbBlack, // dummy
		kRgbBlack, // dummy
};
static constexpr rgb_t kDefaultSelectorColor = kRgbRed;
static constexpr rgb_t kSettingsContinuousAtDefaultColor = kRgbRed;
static constexpr rgb_t kSettingsContinuousOtherColor = kRgbYellow;

static const rgb_t& getQuantisedColor(const AnimationColors& colors, float v)
{
	// sorry about the magic numbers below, I see no better way
	unsigned int validColors = std::min(size_t(5), colors.size());
	return colors[unsigned(v * 15) % validColors];
}

// When a WithFs kAnimationMode is enabled, there is a kPostAnimationTimeoutMs during
// which if you tap the selector, it is going to advance to the next value.
// If in kAnimationModeSolidGlowingWithFs, during this period (or actually slightly less than that),
// the button  will glow to indicate it is "active". The "slightly less" is a perhaps unnecessary
// subtlety so that the glowing is slightly shorter than the actual active time of the selector,
// so if you see it glowing, by the time you tap it it's probably still active.
static constexpr uint32_t kPostAnimationGlowingPeriod = 700;
// ensure full period so that the transition is smooth
static constexpr uint32_t kPostAnimationGlowingMs = kPostAnimationGlowingPeriod * 5;
// + 300 is the "slightly less"
static constexpr uint32_t kPostAnimationTimeoutMs = kPostAnimationGlowingMs + 300;

#define ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
#define ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
#define ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
//#define ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
#define ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
constexpr size_t kNumModes = 3 // calibration, factorytest and erasesettings are always enabled
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
#ifdef TEST_MODE
		+ 1
#endif
		; // kNumModes

static float standardDeviation(const float* data, size_t size)
{
	// std (x) = sqrt ((1 / (N-1)) * SUM_i ((x(i) - mean(x))^2))
	float mean = 0;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < size; ++n)
	{
		// for small enough size we shouldn't have numerical problems and we save some
		// multiplications by accumulating first and dividing in one go
		mean += data[n];
	}
	mean /= float(size);

	float sum = 0;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < size; ++n)
	{
		float val = data[n] - mean;
		sum += val * val;
	}
	return sqrtf((1.f / (size - 1)) * sum);
}
template <typename T>
T fixedOrientation(T pos, T max)
{
	// allow to get a touchstrip value (e.g.: slider value or LED or PAD number) that represents a fixed point
	// on the touch strip, regardless of its swapped state
	return uio.touchStripSwapped() ? max - pos : pos;
}

#include <cmath>
size_t msToNumBlocks(BelaContext* context, float ms)
{
	if(ms < 0)
		ms = 0;
	return std::round(context->analogSampleRate * ms / 1000.f / context->analogFrames);
}

static ButtonView ButtonViewSimplify(const ButtonView& in)
{
	ButtonView btn = in;
	if(btn.tripleClick)
	{
		btn.doubleClick = false;
		btn.onset = false;
	}
	if(btn.doubleClick)
		btn.onset = false;
	if(btn.tripleClickOffset)
	{
		btn.doubleClickOffset = false;
		btn.offset = false;
	}
	if(btn.doubleClickOffset)
		btn.offset = false;
	return btn;
}

class TouchTracker
{
public:
	typedef uint32_t Id;
	static constexpr Id kIdInvalid = -1;
	typedef CentroidDetection::DATA_T Position;
	struct TouchWithId
	{
		centroid_t touch = centroid_t{0, 0};
		Position startLocation = 0;
		Id id = kIdInvalid;
		bool assigned = false;
	};
private:
	static_assert(std::is_signed<Position>::value); // if not signed, distance computation below may get fuzzy
	static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(centroid_t::location),Position>::value);
	static constexpr size_t kMaxTouches = 5;
	size_t numTouches = 0;
	size_t newId = 0;
	Position maxTrackingDistance = 0.2;
	std::array<unsigned int,kMaxTouches> sortedTouchIndices {};
	std::array<unsigned int,kMaxTouches> sortedTouchIds {};
	std::array<TouchWithId,kMaxTouches> sortedTouches {};
public:
	static constexpr TouchWithId kInvalidTouch = { // I believe it is a compiler error that I need to defined these values again here
		.touch = {0, 0},
		.startLocation = 0,
		.id = kIdInvalid,
		.assigned = false,
	};
private:
	size_t getTouchOrderById(const Id id)
	{
		for(size_t n = 0; n < sortedTouches.size() && n < numTouches; ++n)
			if(id == sortedTouches[n].id)
				return n;
		return numTouches;
	}
	// these are stored only so that we can detect frame changes.
	// TODO: if there is a guarantee process() is called only on new frames,
	// you can save memory by making these local variables there.
	std::array<centroid_t,kMaxTouches> touches;
public:
	void setMaxTrackingDistance(Position d)
	{
		maxTrackingDistance = d;
	}
	void process(const CentroidDetection& slider) {
		// cache previous readings
		std::array<TouchWithId,kMaxTouches> prevSortedTouches = sortedTouches;
		size_t prevNumTouches = numTouches;
		numTouches = slider.getNumTouches();
		bool changed = (numTouches != prevNumTouches);
		for(size_t n = 0; n < numTouches; ++n)
		{
			centroid_t newTouch = centroid_t{ .location = slider.touchLocation(n), .size = slider.touchSize(n) };
			changed |= memcmp(&newTouch, &touches[n], sizeof(newTouch));
			touches[n] = newTouch;
		}
		if(!changed)
		{
			// if we are a repetition of the previous frame, no need to process anything
			// NOTE: right now we are already avoiding calling on duplicate frames,
			// so we will return early only if two successive, distinct frames happen
			// to be _exactly_ the same
			return;
		}

		Id firstNewId = newId;
		constexpr size_t kMaxPermutations = kMaxTouches * (kMaxTouches - 1);
		Position distances[kMaxPermutations];
		size_t permCodes[kMaxPermutations];
		// calculate all distance permutations between previous and current touches
		for(size_t i = 0; i < numTouches; ++i)
		{
			for(size_t p = 0; p < prevNumTouches; ++p)
			{
				size_t index = i * prevNumTouches + p;	// permutation code [says between which touches we are calculating distance]
				distances[index] = std::abs(touches[i].location - prevSortedTouches[p].touch.location);
				permCodes[index] = index;
				// sort permCodes and distances by distances from min to max
				while(index && (distances[index] < distances[index - 1]))
				{
					std::swap(permCodes[index], permCodes[index - 1]);
					std::swap(distances[index], distances[index - 1]);
					index--;
				}
			}
		}

		size_t sorted = 0;
		bool currAssigned[kMaxTouches] = {false};
		bool prevAssigned[kMaxTouches] = {false};

		// track touches assigning index according to shortest distance
		for(size_t i = 0; i < numTouches * prevNumTouches; ++i)
		{
			size_t currentIndex = permCodes[i] / prevNumTouches;
			size_t prevIndex = permCodes[i] % prevNumTouches;
			if(distances[i] > maxTrackingDistance)
			{
				// if distance is too large, it must be a new touch
				// TODO: this heuristic could be improved, e.g.: by tracking
				// and considering past velocity
				continue;
			}
			// avoid double assignment
			if(!currAssigned[currentIndex] && !prevAssigned[prevIndex])
			{
				currAssigned[currentIndex] = true;
				prevAssigned[prevIndex] = true;
				sortedTouchIndices[currentIndex] = prevIndex;
				sortedTouchIds[currentIndex] = prevSortedTouches[prevIndex].id;
				sorted++;
			}
		}
		// assign a free index to new touches
		for(size_t i = 0; i < numTouches; i++)
		{
			if(!currAssigned[i])
			{
				sortedTouchIndices[i] = sorted++; // assign next free index
				sortedTouchIds[i] = newId++;
			}
		}
		// if some touches have disappeared...
		// ...we have to shift all indices...
		for(size_t i = prevNumTouches - 1; i != (size_t)-1; --i) // things you do to avoid warnings ...
		{
			if(!prevAssigned[i])
			{
				for(size_t j = 0; j < numTouches; ++j)
				{
					// ...only if touches that disappeared were before the current one
					if(sortedTouchIndices[j] > i)
						sortedTouchIndices[j]--;
				}
			}
		}

		// done! now update
		for(size_t i = 0; i < numTouches; ++i)
		{
			// update tracked value
			size_t idx = sortedTouchIndices[i];

			const Id id = sortedTouchIds[i];
			Position startLocation = -1;
			bool assigned = false;
			if(id >= firstNewId)
				startLocation = touches[i].location;
			else {
				// find it in the prev arrays
				// TODO: cache this value earlier so we can be faster here
				for(size_t n = 0; n < prevNumTouches; ++n)
				{
					if(id == prevSortedTouches[n].id)
					{
						startLocation = prevSortedTouches[n].startLocation;
						assigned = prevSortedTouches[n].assigned;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			assert(-1 != startLocation);
			sortedTouches[idx] = TouchWithId {
				.touch = touches[i],
				.startLocation = startLocation,
				.id = id,
				.assigned = assigned,
			};
		}
		// empty remaining touches. Not that they should ever be accessed...
		for(size_t i = numTouches; i < sortedTouches.size(); ++i)
			sortedTouches[i].id = kIdInvalid;
#if 0
		for(size_t n = 0; n < numTouches; ++n)
		{
			auto& t = getTouchOrdered(n);
			printf("[%u]%lu %.2f %.1f %d ", n, t.id, t.touch.location, t.startLocation, t.assigned);
		}
		if(numTouches)
			printf("\n\r");
#endif
	}
	size_t getNumTouches()
	{
		return numTouches;
	}
	const TouchWithId& getTouchById(const Id id)
	{
		size_t n = getTouchOrderById(id);
		if(n >= numTouches)
			return kInvalidTouch;
		else
			return sortedTouches[n];
	}
	void setStartLocationById(const Id id, Position newLocation)
	{
		size_t n = getTouchOrderById(id);
		if(n < numTouches)
			sortedTouches[n].startLocation = newLocation;
	}
	void assignTouchById(const Id id)
	{
		size_t n = getTouchOrderById(id);
		if(n < numTouches)
			sortedTouches[n].assigned = true;
	}
	// the last is the most recent
	const TouchWithId& getTouchOrdered(size_t n)
	{
		return sortedTouches[n];
	}
	const TouchWithId& getTouchMostRecent()
	{
		return sortedTouches[numTouches - 1];
	}
	const TouchWithId& getTouchOldest()
	{
		return sortedTouches[0];
	}
};
TouchTracker gTouchTracker;
TouchTracker gTouchTrackerAlt;
static_assert(kNumOutChannels >= 2); // too many things to list depend on this in this file.

//#define TRIGGER_IN_TO_CLOCK_USES_MOVING_AVERAGE

// pick one of the two for more or less debugging printf and memory usage
//#define S(...) __VA_ARGS__
#define S(a) ;
//#define M(...) __VA_ARGS__
#define M(a)
//#define printf(...) // disable printf altogether
#define animationDuration(a) a
//#define animationDuration(a) (a * 0.1) // fast animations, useful for quick iterations

#if 0
// a small buffer that we can use to print before the UART is available. Data is cached and can be printed later
static char early_printf_buf[200];
static bool early_printf_done = false;
static size_t early_printf_ptr = 0;
template <typename... Ts>
static int early_printf(Ts... varargs) {
	int available = sizeof(early_printf_buf) > early_printf_ptr ? sizeof(early_printf_buf) - early_printf_ptr : 0;
	int printed = snprintf(early_printf_buf + early_printf_ptr, available, varargs...);
	if(printed > available)
		early_printf_ptr = sizeof(early_printf_buf);
	else
		early_printf_ptr += printed;
	return printed;
}

static void do_early_printf()
{
	if(!early_printf_done)
		printf("%.*s\n", early_printf_ptr, early_printf_buf);
	early_printf_done = true;
}
#else
#define early_printf(...)
#define do_early_printf()
#endif

extern int gAlt;
typedef TrillRackInterface TRI; // shorthand
extern TRI tri;
extern const unsigned int kNumLeds;
extern std::vector<unsigned int> padsToOrderMap;
extern NeoPixelT<kNumLeds> np;
extern Trill trill;
extern std::array<float,kNumOutChannels> gManualAnOut;

std::array<Oscillator, 2> oscillators;
const std::array<rgb_t, 2> gBalancedLfoColorsInit = {{kRgbYellow, kRgbGreen}};
std::array<rgb_t, 2> gBalancedLfoColors; // copy so that we can set them via MIDI without changing defaults

std::array<float,kNumOutChannels> gCustomSmoothedAlpha;
std::array<OutMode,kNumOutChannels> gOutMode { kOutModeManualBlock, kOutModeManualBlock };
int gCounter = 0;
int gSubMode = 0;
UiOrientation uio;

enum AnimationMode
{
	kAnimationModeSolid,
	kAnimationModeSolidWithFs,
	kNumAnimationMode,
	kAnimationModeSolidGlowingWithFs,
	kAnimationModeConsistent,
	kAnimationModeConsistentWithFs,
	kAnimationModeSolidDefaultWithFs,
	kAnimationModeCustom,
};
static AnimationMode gAnimationMode = kAnimationModeSolid;
static bool hasFsAnimation()
{
	switch(gAnimationMode)
	{
		case kAnimationModeConsistentWithFs:
		case kAnimationModeSolidWithFs:
		case kAnimationModeSolidDefaultWithFs:
		case kAnimationModeSolidGlowingWithFs:
			return true;
		default:
			return false;
	}
}

Override gOverride;
static bool gInUsesCalibration;
static bool gOutUsesCalibration;
static bool gInUsesRange;
static std::array<bool,kNumOutChannels> gOutUsesRange;

// Recording the gesture
static constexpr size_t kMaxRecordBytes = 80000;
const float kSizeScale = 10000; // value used internally for rescaling the slider
static float gSizeScale = kSizeScale; // current, active value. Gets overriden upon loading from preset
static constexpr float kFixedCentroidSize = 0.3;

LedSliders ledSliders;
LedSliders ledSlidersAlt;
ButtonView menuBtn;
ButtonView performanceBtn;

void resample(float* out, unsigned int nOut, float* in, unsigned int nIn)
{
#if 0 // naive: sum all input energy into outputs
	for(unsigned int no = 0; no < nOut; ++no) {
		out[no] = 0;
		unsigned int niStart = no * nIn / nOut;
		unsigned int niEnd = (no + 1) * nIn / nOut;
		for(unsigned int ni = niStart; ni < niEnd; ++ni) {
			out[no] += in[ni];
		}
	}
#endif
#if 1 // weighted sum
	// How many accompanying LEDs are on
	float r = 2;
	for(unsigned int no = 0; no < nOut; ++no) {
		out[no] = 0;
		for(unsigned int ni = 0; ni < nIn; ++ni) {
			float fracInIdx = no * nIn / (float)nOut;
			float weight = (1 - (std::abs(fracInIdx - ni) / r));
			weight = std::max(0.f, weight); // clip to 0
			out[no] += in[ni] * weight;
		}
	}
#endif
}

template <typename T, typename U>
void sort(T* out, U* in, unsigned int* order, unsigned int size)
{
	for(unsigned int n = 0; n < size; ++n)
		out[n] = in[order[n]];
}

static uint32_t gClockPeriodUpdateCounter = 0;
static float gClockPeriod = 10000; // arbitrary init to avoid divisions by zero. TODO: instead check before using it
static uint64_t gClockPeriodLastUpdate = -1;

static constexpr float kTriggerInOnThreshold = 0.46667; // approx 2V
void triggerInToClock(BelaContext* context)
{
	const float kTriggerInOffThreshold = kTriggerInOnThreshold - 0.05;
	static bool lastTrigPrimed = false;
	static size_t lastTrig = 0;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
	{
		static bool lastIn = false;
		// hysteresis
		float threshold = lastIn ? kTriggerInOffThreshold : kTriggerInOnThreshold;
		bool in = analogRead(context, n, 0) > threshold;
		if(in && !lastIn)
		{
			size_t newTrig = context->audioFramesElapsed  + n;
			if(lastTrigPrimed)
			{
				size_t newPeriod = newTrig - lastTrig;
#ifdef TRIGGER_IN_TO_CLOCK_USES_MOVING_AVERAGE
				enum { kInferClockNumPeriods = 5 };
				static size_t lastPeriods[kInferClockNumPeriods] = {0};
				static size_t currentPeriod = 0;
				static size_t periodSum = 0;
				// moving average
				periodSum -= lastPeriods[currentPeriod];
				lastPeriods[currentPeriod] = newPeriod;
				periodSum += newPeriod;
				// TODO: it may be that when the clock is changing it's best to follow
				// it without moving average, especially if it's slow
				float averagePeriod = float(periodSum) / kInferClockNumPeriods;
				currentPeriod++;
				if(currentPeriod == kInferClockNumPeriods)
					currentPeriod = 0;
				gClockPeriod = averagePeriod;
#else // TRIGGER_IN_TO_CLOCK_USES_MOVING_AVERAGE
				gClockPeriod = newPeriod;
				gClockPeriodUpdateCounter++;
				gClockPeriodLastUpdate = context->audioFramesElapsed + n;
#endif // TRIGGER_IN_TO_CLOCK_USES_MOVING_AVERAGE
			}
			lastTrig = newTrig;
			lastTrigPrimed = true;
		}

		lastIn = in;
	}
}

static bool clockInIsActive(BelaContext* context)
{
	uint64_t now = context->audioFramesElapsed + context->analogFrames - 1; // rounded up to the end of the frame
	if(now < gClockPeriodLastUpdate)
		return false;
	else
		return now - gClockPeriodLastUpdate < 10.f * context->analogSampleRate;
}

typedef enum {
	kBottomUp,
	kTopBottom,
} LedSlidersOrder;

template <typename T>
static inline void applyOrder(LedSlidersOrder order, T& first, T& last, T max)
{
	if(kBottomUp == order)
		return;
	first = max - first;
	last = max - last;
	std::swap(first, last);
};

static void ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(LedSliders& ls, std::vector<rgb_t> const& colors, const LedSlider::LedMode_t& mode, bool setInitial, size_t maxNumCentroids, LedSlidersOrder order = kBottomUp, bool asymmetricalSplit = false)
{
	std::vector<LedSliders::delimiters_t> boundaries;
	size_t numSplits = colors.size();
	if(!numSplits)
		return;

	float guardPads = 0.07; //relative to the whole slider
	float guardLeds = 2;
	float nextPad = 0;
	size_t nextLed = 0;
	float shortenFirst = 0;
	if(uio.menuSwapped() && 5 == numSplits && 2 == LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights)
	{
		// With 2 guardLeds, each split uses 3 LEDs; however
		// with kDefaultNumWeights == 2, this in practice means that only 2 LEDs are used
		// and so the last LEDs will be dark with the normal orientation.
		// here we provide an adjustment so that 1U looks like jacks on top.
		shortenFirst = 1;
	}
	for(size_t n = 0; n < numSplits; ++n)
	{
		float coeff = 1;
		if(2 == numSplits && asymmetricalSplit)
		{
			bool longerSplit;
			if(kTopBottom == order)
				longerSplit = 0 == n;
			else
				longerSplit = 1 == n;
			coeff = 2 * (longerSplit ? (1.f - kAsymmetricalSplitPoint) : kAsymmetricalSplitPoint);
		}
		float activeLeds = ((kNumLeds - (guardLeds * (numSplits - 1))) * coeff) / numSplits - (0 == n ? shortenFirst : 0);
		size_t firstLed = nextLed;
		size_t lastLed = firstLed + activeLeds;
		if(2 == numSplits && numSplits - 1 == n && lastLed != kNumLeds)
		{
			// it's hard to evenly distribute an arbitrary number
			// of splits across 23 LEDs.
			// In the common case of two splits, we ensure
			// they are evenly split and extend to the last LED
			int diff = kNumLeds - lastLed;
			if(diff > 0)
			{
				lastLed += diff;
				firstLed += diff;
			}
		}
		applyOrder(order, firstLed, lastLed, kNumLeds);

		float activePads = ((1.f - (guardPads * (numSplits - 1))) * coeff) / numSplits;
		float firstPad = nextPad;
		float lastPad = firstPad + activePads;
		applyOrder(order, firstPad, lastPad, 1.f);

		boundaries.push_back({
				.sliderMin = firstPad,
				.sliderMax = lastPad,
				.firstLed = firstLed,
				.lastLed = lastLed,
		});
		nextPad += activePads + guardPads;
		nextLed +=  activeLeds + guardLeds;
	}
	LedSliders::Settings settings = {
			.sizeScale = gSizeScale,
			.boundaries = boundaries,
			.maxNumCentroids = {maxNumCentroids},
			.np = &np,
	};
	ls.setup(settings);
	assert(numSplits == ls.sliders.size());

	for(size_t n = 0; n < numSplits; ++n)
	{
		ls.sliders[n].setColor(colors[n]);
		ls.sliders[n].setLedMode(mode);
		if(setInitial)
		{
			centroid_t centroid;
			centroid.location = 0.5;
			centroid.size = kMenuButtonDefaultBrightness;
			ls.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
		}
	}
}
#if 0
template <size_t T>
static void ledSlidersExpButtonsProcess(LedSliders& sl, std::array<float,2>& outs, float scale, std::array<float,T>const& offsets = {})
{
	int highest = -1;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < sl.sliders.size(); ++n)
	{
		if(sl.sliders[n].getNumTouches())
			highest = n;
	}
	bool allFollow = false;
	for(auto& o : outs)
		o = 0;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < sl.sliders.size(); ++n)
	{
		centroid_t centroid;
		if(highest == int(n) || allFollow)
		{
			centroid.location = sl.sliders[n].compoundTouchLocation();
			centroid.size = sl.sliders[n].compoundTouchSize();
			if(outs.size() > 0)
				outs[0] = centroid.location * scale + (offsets.size() > n ? offsets[n] : 0);
			if(outs.size() > 1)
				outs[1] = centroid.size;
		} else {
			// dimmed for "inactive"
			centroid.size = 0.1;
			centroid.location = 0.5;
		}
		sl.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
	}
}
void ledSlidersFixedButtonsProcess(LedSliders& sl, std::vector<bool>& states, std::vector<size_t>& onsets, std::vector<size_t>& offsets, bool onlyUpdateStates)
{
	onsets.resize(0);
	offsets.resize(0);
	states.resize(sl.sliders.size());
	for(size_t n = 0; n < sl.sliders.size(); ++n)
	{
		bool state = sl.sliders[n].getNumTouches();
		bool pastState = states[n];
		if(!onlyUpdateStates)
		{
			bool shouldUpdateCentroids = false;
			if(state && !pastState) {
				onsets.emplace_back(n);
				shouldUpdateCentroids = true;
			} else if (!state && pastState) {
				offsets.emplace_back(n);
				shouldUpdateCentroids = true;
			}
			if(shouldUpdateCentroids)
			{
				centroid_t centroid;
				centroid.location = 0.5;
				// dimmed for "inactive"
				// full brightness for "active"
				centroid.size = state ? 1 : 0.1;
				sl.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
			}
		}
		states[n] = state;
	}
}
#endif

static void ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(rgb_t color, LedSlider::LedMode_t mode)
{
	ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(ledSliders, {color}, mode, false, 1);
}

static void ledSlidersSetupTwoSliders(rgb_t color, LedSlider::LedMode_t mode, LedSlidersOrder order, bool asymmetricalSplit = false)
{
	ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(ledSliders, {color, color}, mode, false, 1, order, asymmetricalSplit);
}

bool modeChangeBlinkSplit(double ms, rgb_t colors[2], size_t endFirst, size_t startSecond)
{
	bool done = false;
	double period = 200;
	// blink on-off-on-off
	if(
			ms < 1 *period
			|| (ms >= 2 * period && ms < 3 * period)
	){
		for(unsigned int n = 0; n < endFirst; ++n)
			np.setPixelColor(kNumLeds - 1 - n, colors[0].r, colors[0].g, colors[0].b);
		for(unsigned int n = startSecond; n < kNumLeds; ++n)
			np.setPixelColor(kNumLeds - 1 - n, colors[1].r, colors[1].g, colors[1].b);
	} else if (
			(ms >= 1 * period && ms < 2 * period)
			|| (ms >= 3 * period && ms < 4 * period)
	){
		for(unsigned int n = 0; n < kNumLeds; ++n)
			np.setPixelColor(n, 0, 0, 0);
	} else if (ms >= 4 * period) {
		done = true;
	}
	return done;
}

// MODE Alt: settings UI
bool modeAlt_setup()
{
	ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(
		ledSlidersAlt,
		{
			kRgbRed,
			kRgbRed,
			kRgbRed,
			kRgbRed,
			kRgbGreen,
		},
		LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS,
		true,
		1
	);
	return true;
}

// A circular buffer. When touch sz goes to zero, retrieve the oldest
// element in the buffer so we can hope to get more stable values instead
// of whatever spurious reading we got while releasing the touch
class AutoLatcher {
public:
	AutoLatcher() {
		reset();
	}
	void reset()
	{
		idx = 0;
		validFrames = 0;
		lastOutSize = 0;
		pastFrames.fill({0, 0});
		delay = 0;
	}
	// return: may modify frame and latchStarts
	void process(bool isNew, centroid_t& frame, bool& latchStarts)
	{
		if(!isNew && validFrames)
		{
			frame.size = lastOutSize;
			return;
		}
		if(validFrames && pastFrames[getPastFrame(0)].size && !frame.size) // if size went to zero
		{
			if(validFrames) {
				// keep whatever size we have been using,
				// which may already be a delayed version,
				// designed to jump over the release transient
				frame.size = lastOutSize;
				// For location, things are more complicated
				frame.location = guessHoldValue();
			}
			latchStarts = true;
			idx = 0;
			validFrames = 0;
			delay = 0;
		} else if(frame.size) {
			// store current input value for later
			pastFrames[idx] = frame;
			validFrames++;
			++idx;
			if(idx >= pastFrames.size())
				idx = 0;

			// if we are still touching
			// apply a variable delay to the output size
			if(validFrames < kMaxSizeDelay)
			{
				// we are just at the beginning of a touch: get the most recent size
				delay = 0;
			} else if (delay / 2 < kMaxSizeDelay)
			{
				// the touch has been going on for a while, we need to progressively
				// reach the max delay
				delay++;
			}
			float newSize = frame.size; // no delay!
			if(delay >= 2)
			{
				// read increasingly older touch size until maximum kMaxSizeDelay.
				// The / 2 here and above ensures we increase the actual delay
				// only every other frame which ensures we don't hold the same
				// value for a long time while the delay increases.
				newSize = pastFrames[getPastFrame(delay / 2 - 1)].size;
			}

			// output the delayed size
			frame.size = newSize;
			lastOutSize = frame.size;
		} else {
			lastOutSize = 0;
		}
	}
private:
	ssize_t getOldestFrame()
	{
		return getPastFrame(kHistoryLength - 1);
	}
	// back = 0 : newest frame
	// back = kHistoryLength - 1 : oldest frame
	ssize_t getPastFrame(size_t back)
	{
		if(!validFrames)
			return -1;
		size_t lastGood;
		back = std::min(back, kHistoryLength - 1);
		back = std::min(back, validFrames - 1);
		// go back in the circular buffer to the oldest valid value.
		lastGood = (idx - 1 - back + kHistoryLength) % kHistoryLength;
		return lastGood;
	}
	float guessHoldValue()
	{
		static constexpr size_t kMaxSpuriousRelease = 5;
		// guess location value to hold
		centroid_t frame0 = pastFrames[getPastFrame(0)];
		if(0 == frame0.location || 1 == frame0.location)
		{
			// If sliding off either edge of the slider,
			// latch to the actual edge.
			return frame0.location;
		} else {
			size_t length = std::min(validFrames, kHistoryLength);
			if(length < 2 * kMaxSpuriousRelease)
			{
				// if we don't have enough samples, take them at face value:
				// hold the last one
				return pastFrames[getPastFrame(0)].location;
			}
			// otherwise, look at the temporal evolution of the samples in the buffer
			std::array<float,kHistoryLength> history;
			for(size_t n = 0; n < length; ++n)
				history[n] = pastFrames[getPastFrame(length - 1 - n)].location;
			float std = standardDeviation(history.data(), length - kMaxSpuriousRelease);
			float releaseDiff = 0;
			float releaseRef = history[length - kMaxSpuriousRelease - 1];
			// see how much the last few frames depart from a 'supposedly good' one
			for(size_t n = length - kMaxSpuriousRelease; n < length; ++n)
				releaseDiff = std::max(releaseDiff, std::abs(releaseRef - history[n]));
			if(std < 0.004 && releaseDiff < 0.035)
			{
				// recent history was static and the release transient
				// was accidental:
				// get the oldest frame in history
				return pastFrames[getOldestFrame()].location;
			} else {
				// recent history was dynamic or the release transient
				// was intentional:
				// get most recent frame
				return pastFrames[getPastFrame(0)].location;
			}
		}
	}
	static constexpr size_t kHistoryLength = 15;
	static constexpr size_t kMaxSizeDelay = std::min(12u, kHistoryLength - 1); // could be even less than this, if desired
	std::array<centroid_t,kHistoryLength> pastFrames;
	size_t idx;
	size_t validFrames;
	size_t delay;
	float lastOutSize;
#if 0
	public: static void test()
	{
		AutoLatcher a;
		std::array<centroid_t,80> inputs;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < inputs.size(); ++n)
		{
			float val = 10 + n;
			if(n < 1)
				val = 0;
			if(n > 40)
				val = 0;
			inputs[n] =  { val, val };
		}
		a.reset();
		for(size_t n = 0; n < inputs.size(); ++n)
		{
			bool latchStarts = false;
			auto frame = inputs[n];
			a.process(frame, latchStarts);
			printf("%2zu %.f,%.f -->> %.f,%.f %s ",
				n, inputs[n].location, inputs[n].size, frame.location,
				frame.size, latchStarts ? "LATCH" : "     ");
			printf("idx: %zu, validFrames: %zu, delay: %zd, latest: %zd, actual oldest: %zd\n",
				a.idx, a.validFrames, a.delay / 2 - 1, a.getPastFrame(0), a.getOldestFrame());
			if(latchStarts)
			{
				printf("ITEMS %zu\n", a.validFrames);
				for(size_t p = 0; p < a.pastFrames.size(); ++p)
				{
					auto f = a.pastFrames[p];
					printf("[%zu] {%.0f %.0f}, ", p, f.location, f.size);
				}
				printf("\n");
			}
			printf("=====================\n");
		}
	}
#endif
};

class LatchProcessor {
	static constexpr size_t kMaxNumValues = 2;
public:
	enum Reason {
		kLatchNone,
		kLatchAuto,
		kLatchManual,
		kLatchSingleFrame,
	};
	LatchProcessor() {
		reset();
	}
	void reset()
	{
		isLatched = {kLatchNone, kLatchNone};
		unlatchArmed = {false, false};
		latchedValues = {0, 0};
		for(auto& al : autoLatchers)
			al.reset();
	}
	void process(bool isNew, bool autoLatch, size_t numValues, std::array<centroid_t,kMaxNumValues>& values, std::array<Reason,kMaxNumValues>& isLatchedRet,
			bool shouldLatch = false, bool shouldUnlatch = false)
	{
		if(numValues > kMaxNumValues)
			numValues = kMaxNumValues;
		std::array<bool,kMaxNumValues> hasTouch = { values[0].size > 0, values[1].size > 0 };
		std::array<Reason,kMaxNumValues> latchStarts = {kLatchNone, kLatchNone};
		std::array<bool,kMaxNumValues> unlatchStarts = {false, false};

		// button latches everything if there is at least one touch
		// and unlatches everything if there is no touch
		if(shouldLatch)
		{
			for(size_t n = 0; n < numValues; ++n)
			{
				if(hasTouch[n])
					latchStarts[n] = kLatchManual;
			}
		} else if (shouldUnlatch) {
			if(!(hasTouch[0] || hasTouch[numValues - 1]))
			{
				for(size_t n = 0; n < numValues; ++n)
				{
					// no touch
					if(isLatched[n])
						unlatchStarts[n] = true;
				}
			}
		}
		{
			// try to hold without button
			for(size_t n = 0; n < numValues; ++n)
			{
				if(kLatchSingleFrame == isLatched[n])
				{
					// In the past call we sent out the latched value.
					// Now we can reset the flag.
					isLatched[n] = kLatchNone;
					isNew = true; // force the autolatched to update its output, even if this frame is not actually new
				}
				if(!isLatched[n])
				{
					bool autoLatchStarts = false;
					autoLatchers[n].process(isNew, values[n], autoLatchStarts);
					if(autoLatchStarts && kLatchNone == latchStarts[n])
					{
						if(autoLatch)
						{
							latchStarts[n] = kLatchAuto;
						} else {
							// we "latched" according to the autoLatcher, which means
							// touch size went to zero and values has been updated
							// with the latched values. We send this out for this frame only,
							// then the flag is reset automatically.
							// This is a workaround to allow DirectControlMode to be notified
							// in advance that a release is about to start so that it can
							// tweak the output filter to ensure the release
							// smoothing starts from the correct value.
							latchStarts[n] = kLatchSingleFrame;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		for(size_t n = 0; n < numValues; ++n)
		{
			if(isLatched[n])
			{
				// if it's latched (and you have released your finger),
				// you can unlatch and go back
				// to direct control simply by touching again
				if(!hasTouch[n])
					unlatchArmed[n] = true;
				if(unlatchArmed[n] && hasTouch[n])
					unlatchStarts[n] = true;
			}
			if(latchStarts[n])
			{
				latchedValues[n] = values[n];
				isLatched[n] = latchStarts[n];
				unlatchArmed[n] = false;
			}
			if(unlatchStarts[n])
			{
				isLatched[n] = kLatchNone;
				autoLatchers[n].reset(); // ensure we don't get a spurious auto latch next frame
			}
		}
		for(size_t n = 0; n < numValues; ++n)
		{
			if(isLatched[n])
				values[n] = latchedValues[n];
			// or leave them untouched
		}
		isLatchedRet = isLatched;

	}
private:
	std::array<Reason,kMaxNumValues> isLatched;
	std::array<bool,kMaxNumValues> unlatchArmed;
	std::array<centroid_t,kMaxNumValues> latchedValues;
	std::array<AutoLatcher,kMaxNumValues> autoLatchers;
};
template <typename sample_t>
class ArrayView {
public:
	ArrayView() = default;
	ArrayView(sample_t* ptr, size_t sz) : ptr(ptr), sz(sz) {}
	constexpr size_t size() const
	{
		return sz;
	}
	const sample_t* data() const
	{
		return ptr;
	}
	sample_t* data()
	{
		return ptr;
	}
	sample_t operator[](size_t n) const
	{
		return ptr[n];
	}
	sample_t& operator[](size_t n)
	{
		return ptr[n];
	}
private:
	sample_t* ptr = nullptr;
	size_t sz = 0;
};

template <typename sample_t>
class Recorder
{
public:
	struct ValidSample {
		sample_t sample;
		bool valid;
	};
	Recorder() { setup({}); }
	void setup(const ArrayView<sample_t>& newData)
	{
		start = 0;
		end = 0;
		current = 0;
		active = false;
		full = false;
		if(newData.size())
			setData(newData);
		else
			data = newData; // avoid needless recursion
	}
	void setData(const ArrayView<sample_t>& newData)
	{
		data = newData;
		// try to keep existing recording, unless it exceeds boundaries, in which case just wipe it
		if(start > data.size() || end > data.size() || current > data.size())
			setup(newData);
	}
#if 0
	void enable()
	{
		active = true;
	}
	void restart()
	{
		current = start;
	}
	void disable()
	{
		active = false;
	}
	bool isEnabled()
	{
		return active;
	}
#endif
	virtual void startRecording(bool preserveSize)
	{
		active = true;
		circular = preserveSize && size() != 0;
		if(circular)
		{
			// If we are at the end of the buffer (just finished a non-circular)
			// recording, start circular recording from the beginning, otherwise
			// keep recording from where we left off
			if(current == end)
				current = start;
		} else
			resize(0);
		full = false;
	}
	ValidSample record(const sample_t& in)
	{
		if(full){
			return {0, false};
		} else {
			data[current] = in;
			increment(current);
			if(circular) {
				if(current == end) {
					// wrap around to the beginning and keep recording
					current = start;
				}
			} else {
				// if the buffer becomes full, make a note of it
				if(current == start)
					full = true;
				end = current;
			}
			return {in, true};
		}
	}
	virtual void stopRecording()
	{
		// nothing to do here at the moment. Just use start and end as set in record().
	}
	void trim(float bottom, float top)
	{
		if(size())
		{
			size_t relativeStart = size() * bottom;
			size_t relativeEnd = size() * top;
			setEndpoints(relativeStart, relativeEnd);
		}
	}
	void setEndpoints(size_t relativeStart, size_t relativeEnd)
	{
		// shadow the method so it doesn't get called by mistake, as it may be inaccurate
		// while start and end are being assigned
		size_t size = this->size();
		if(!data.size() || !size)
			return; // avoid division by zero and other madness
		float normCurrent = (current - start + data.size()) % data.size() / float(size);
		size_t relativeCurrent = size * normCurrent;
		if(relativeCurrent < relativeStart || relativeCurrent >= relativeEnd)
			relativeCurrent = relativeStart;
//		printf("[%d] {%d %d %d} (%.3f %.3f)-> ", size, start, current, end, bottom, top);
		end = size_t(start + relativeEnd) % (data.size());
		current = size_t(start + relativeCurrent) % data.size();
		start = size_t(start + relativeStart) % (data.size());
//		printf("[%d] {%d %d %d} => {%d %d %d}\n\r", size, relativeStart, relativeCurrent, relativeEnd, start, current ,end);
	}
	void getEndpoints(size_t& start, size_t& stop)
	{
		start = this->start;
		stop = this->end;
	}
	void resize(size_t newEnd)
	{
		newEnd = std::min(newEnd, data.size());
		current = end = newEnd;
		start = 0;
		full = (newEnd == data.size());
	}
#if 0
	ValidSample play(bool loop)
	{
		if(current == end)
		{
			if(loop) {
				current = start;
				// make sure we go back to active in case
				// loop has just become true and we are currently !active
				active = true;
			}
			else
				active = false;
		}
		if(!active)
			return {0, false};
		auto& ret = data[current];
		increment(current);
		return {ret, true};
	}
#endif
	size_t size()
	{
		size_t mx = data.size();
		size_t sz = mx;
		if(sz) {
			sz = full ? mx : (end - start + mx) % mx;
		}
		return sz;
	}
	const auto& getData()
	{
		return data;
	}
protected:
	template<typename T> void increment(T& idx)
	{
		idx = idx + 1;
		if(data.size() == idx)
			idx = 0;
	};

	template<typename T> void decrement(T& idx)
	{
		if(0 == idx)
			idx = data.size() - 1;
		else
			--idx;
	}
	ArrayView<sample_t> data;
	size_t start;
	size_t end;
	size_t current;
	bool active;
public:
	bool full; // whether during recording the buffer becomes full
	bool circular; // whether to record circularly on a fixed-size buffer
	const sample_t* first()
	{
		return getData().data() + start;
	}
};

static constexpr size_t kNumRecs = 4;
typedef uint16_t RecorderSampleT;
static std::array<RecorderSampleT,kMaxRecordBytes / sizeof(RecorderSampleT)> recorderData;
class GestureRecorder
{
public:
	typedef uint32_t FrameId;
	typedef RecorderSampleT sample_t;
	static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<sample_t> || std::is_floating_point_v<sample_t>, "Invalid RecorderSampleT");
	// when recorder is an int, values are stored using
	static constexpr sample_t kNoOutputInteger = std::numeric_limits<sample_t>::max();
	static constexpr sample_t kMaxInteger = kNoOutputInteger - 1;
	typedef Recorder<sample_t>::ValidSample HalfGestureRecorder_t;
	struct HalfGesture_t
	{
		float sample;
		bool valid;
		HalfGesture_t() :
			sample(0), valid(false)
		{}
		HalfGesture_t(float sample, bool valid) :
			sample(sample), valid(valid)
		{}
		HalfGesture_t(const HalfGestureRecorder_t& g)
		{
			sample = recorderToFloat(g.sample);
			valid = g.valid;
		}
	};
	struct Gesture_t {
		HalfGesture_t first;
		HalfGesture_t second;
		HalfGesture_t& operator[](size_t n)
		{
			return (0 == n) ? first : second;
		}
		size_t size() const {
			return 2;
		}
	};
	void startRecording(size_t n, bool preserveSize)
	{
		if(n < kNumRecs)
		{
			rs[n].r.startRecording(preserveSize);
			rs[n].state = kRecJustStarted;
			rs[n].activity = 0;
			rs[n].frozen = false;
		}
	}
	void stopRecording(size_t n, bool optimizeForLoop)
	{
		if(n < kNumRecs)
		{
			rs[n].r.stopRecording();
			rs[n].state = kPlayJustStarted;
			// compute how many unique frames on average per call to process.
			// Use that as an increment to playback
			rs[n].playbackInc = rs[n].r.size() / double(rs[n].recCounter);
			// printf("unique frames: %lu %lu, recCount: %lu average inc: %.5f\n\r",
			//		1 + rs[n].lastFrameId - rs[n].firstFrameId, (uint32_t)rs[n].r.size(), rs[n].recCounter, rs[n].playbackInc);
			// set playhead at the end so we do not immediately start unless loop / triggering
			rs[n].playHead = rs[n].r.size();
//			assert((1 + lastFrameIds[n] - firstFrameIds[n]) == rs[n].size());
#if 0
			if(optimizeForLoop)
				rs[n].r.replaceLastFrames(40);
#endif
		}
	}
	static sample_t floatToRecorder(float v)
	{
		if constexpr(std::is_unsigned_v<sample_t>)
		{
			if(kNoOutput == v)
				return kNoOutputInteger;
			else
				return std::round(v * kMaxInteger);
		}
		else
			return v;
	}
	static float recorderToFloat(sample_t v)
	{
		if constexpr(std::is_unsigned_v<sample_t>)
		{
			if(kNoOutputInteger == v)
				return kNoOutput;
			else
				return v / float(kMaxInteger);

		}
		else
			return v;
	}
	static bool isNoTouch(sample_t s)
	{
		return s == floatToRecorder(kNoOutput);
	}
	HalfGesture_t process(size_t n, float touchFloat, const FrameId frameId, bool loop, bool retriggerNow, ssize_t autoFreezeAt)
	{
		sample_t touch = floatToRecorder(touchFloat);
		if(n >= kNumRecs)
			return {};
		HalfGestureRecorder_t out;
		switch(rs[n].state)
		{
		case kRecJustStarted:
			rs[n].firstFrameId = frameId;
			rs[n].recCounter = 0;
			rs[n].state = kRec;
			// NOBREAK
		case kRec:
			rs[n].recCounter++;
			if(frameId == rs[n].lastFrameId)
				return rs[n].lastOut;
			out = { rs[n].r.record(touch).sample, true };
			rs[n].activity |= touch > 0 && !isNoTouch(touch); // TODO: do we still need the touch > 0 ?
			break;
		case kPlayJustStarted:
			if(loop)
				rs[n].playHead = 0;
			rs[n].state = kPlay;
			// NOBREAK
		case kPlay:
			if(retriggerNow)
				resumePlaybackFrom(n, 0);
			if(rs[n].r.size()) {
				size_t idx = size_t(rs[n].playHead);
				if(idx < rs[n].r.size()) {
					out = {rs[n].r.getData()[idx], true};
					if(autoFreezeAt >= 0)
					{
						if(rs[n].playHead < autoFreezeAt && rs[n].playHead + rs[n].playbackInc >= autoFreezeAt)
							freeze(n); // unfrozen on resumePlaybackFrom()
					}
					if(!rs[n].frozen)
						rs[n].playHead += rs[n].playbackInc;
					if(rs[n].playHead >= rs[n].r.size() && loop)
						rs[n].playHead = fmod(rs[n].playHead, rs[n].r.size()); // loop back keeping phase offset
				}
				else {
					if(loop) {
						// stopped but (due to a menu change) we are in looping mode now, so restart
						rs[n].playHead = 0;
					}
					out = {0, false};
				}
			} else
				out = {0, false};
			break;
		}
		rs[n].lastFrameId = frameId;
		return rs[n].lastOut = out;
	}
	void freeze(size_t n)
	{
		rs[n].frozen = true;
	}
	void resumePlaybackFrom(size_t n, double from)
	{
		rs[n].frozen = false;
		if(from < 0)
			from = 0;
		if(from >= rs[n].r.size())
			from = rs[n].r.size() - 1;
		rs[n].playHead = from;
	}
	void empty(size_t n)
	{
		for( ; n < kNumRecs; n += 2)
		{
			rs[n].r.startRecording(false);
			rs[n].r.stopRecording();
			rs[n].state = kPlay;
		}
	}
	bool isRecording(size_t n)
	{
		if(n < kNumRecs)
			return kRec == rs[n].state || kRecJustStarted == rs[n].state;
		return false;
	}
	void trimTo(size_t n, size_t recCount, size_t recSize)
	{
		if(n < kNumRecs)
		{
			rs[n].recCounter = recCount;
			rs[n].r.resize(recSize);
		}
	}
	static constexpr size_t kNumRecs = ::kNumRecs;
	enum State {
		kPlay = 0,
		kRec = 2,
		kPlayJustStarted = -1,
		kRecJustStarted = -2,
	};
	class SwappableRecorders {
	public:
		struct Rcr {
			Recorder<sample_t> r;
			State state {};
			FrameId firstFrameId {};
			FrameId lastFrameId {};
			HalfGestureRecorder_t lastOut {};
			uint32_t recCounter {};
			double playHead {};
			double playbackInc {1};
			bool activity {};
			bool frozen {};
		};
	private:
		std::array<Rcr,kNumRecs> rs;
		std::array<Rcr*,kNumRecs> ptrs;
	public:
		enum WhichRecorders {
			kWhichRecordersDouble,
			kWhichRecordersDoubleWithBackup,
		};
		WhichRecorders which;
		SwappableRecorders() {
			for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumRecs; ++n)
				ptrs[n] = &rs[n];
		}
		constexpr size_t size() const {
			return rs.size();
		}
		void swap(size_t a, size_t b) {
			std::swap(ptrs[a], ptrs[b]);
		}
		Rcr& operator[] (size_t n) {
			return *ptrs[n];
		}
		ArrayView<sample_t> getArrayViewForPointer(size_t n)
		{
			size_t start;
			size_t size;
			size_t numEnabled = 0;
			switch(which)
			{
			case kWhichRecordersDouble:
				numEnabled = kNumRecs / 2;
				break;
			case kWhichRecordersDoubleWithBackup:
				numEnabled = kNumRecs;
				break;
			}
			size = recorderData.size() / numEnabled;
			start = 0;
			auto* data = recorderData.data();
			switch(which)
			{
			case kWhichRecordersDouble:
				start = (n % numEnabled) * size;
				break;
			case kWhichRecordersDoubleWithBackup:
				if(0 == n)
					start = 0;
				else if (1 == n)
					start = size * 2;
				else if(2 == n)
					start = size;
				else if (3 == n)
					start = size * 3;
				else
				{
					// invalid index
					start = 0;
					data = nullptr;
					size = 0;
				}
				break;
			}
			return { data + start, size};
		}
		void setEnabled(WhichRecorders which)
		{
			this->which = which;
			for(size_t n = 0; n < ptrs.size(); ++n)
			{
				auto& r = ptrs[n]->r;
				ArrayView<sample_t> newA = getArrayViewForPointer(n);;
				ArrayView<sample_t> oldA = r.getData();
				size_t count = std::min(newA.size(), oldA.size());
				if(n < kNumRecs / 2 && newA.data() != oldA.data() && newA.data() && oldA.data())
				{
					// copy data where appropriate, so that it keeps being available for the next mode.
					// TODO: could copy only the data that is actually in use (i.e.: recorder's size)
					// TODO: improve r.setData() so that it clips to new size instead of discarding
					// if past recording was larger than current
					printf("Copying %u for %d from %p to %p\n\r", count, n, oldA.data(), newA.data());
					std::copy(oldA.data(), oldA.data() + count, newA.data());
				}
				r.setData(newA);
			}
		}
		// do not implement size() to avoid confusion when
		// the user wants to call rs[n].r.size()
	};
	SwappableRecorders rs;
private:
	std::array<bool,kNumSplits> hadTouch {};
	bool lastStateChangeWasToggling = false;
} gGestureRecorder;

class Parameter {
public:
	bool same(Parameter& p) const
	{
		return (this == &p);
	}
};

class ParameterUpdateCapable {
public:
	virtual void updated(Parameter&) {};
	virtual void updatePreset() = 0;
	virtual void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) {};
};

class ParameterGeneric : public Parameter {
public:
	ParameterGeneric() {};
	ParameterGeneric(ParameterUpdateCapable* that, size_t size, const void* initialValue):
		that(that), genericValue(size)
	{
		memcpy(genericValue.data(), initialValue, genericValue.size());
	}
	void genericSet(const void* newValue)
	{
		memcpy(genericValue.data(), newValue, genericValue.size());
		if(that)
			that->updated(*this);
	}
	const void* genericGet() const {
		return genericValue.data();
	}
	size_t size()
	{
		return genericValue.size();
	}
private:
	ParameterUpdateCapable* that = nullptr;
	std::vector<uint8_t> genericValue;
};

template <typename T>
class ParameterGenericT : public ParameterGeneric {
public:
	ParameterGenericT<T>() {};
	ParameterGenericT<T>(ParameterUpdateCapable* that, T value):
		ParameterGeneric(that, sizeof(T), (const void*)&value) {}
	void set(T value)
	{
		genericSet(&value);
	}
	const T& get() const {
		return *(T*)genericGet();
	}
	operator const T&() const {
		return get();
	}
};

class ParameterEnum : public Parameter {
public:
	virtual void set(unsigned int) = 0;
	virtual void next() = 0;
	virtual uint8_t get() const = 0;
	virtual uint8_t getMax() const = 0;
	virtual uint8_t getDefault() const = 0;
	virtual void animate(LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) {};
};

template <uint8_t N, typename type = uint8_t>
class ParameterEnumT : public ParameterEnum
{
public:
	ParameterEnumT<N,type>(ParameterUpdateCapable* that, uint8_t value = 0):
		that(that), value(value), defaultValue(value) {}

	void set(unsigned int newValue) override
	{
		value = newValue - 1;
		next();
	}
	void next() override
	{
		value++;
		if(value >= N)
			value = 0;
		that->updated(*this);
	}
	uint8_t get() const override
	{
		return value;
	}
	uint8_t getMax() const override
	{
		return N;
	}
	uint8_t getDefault() const override
	{
		return defaultValue;
	}
	virtual void animate(LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		if(hasFsAnimation())
			that->animate(*this, l, color, ms);
	}
	operator type() const { return type(value); }
private:
	ParameterUpdateCapable* that;
	uint8_t value;
	uint8_t defaultValue;
};

class ParameterContinuous : public Parameter {
public:
	ParameterContinuous(ParameterUpdateCapable* that, float value = 0) : that(that), value(value), defaultValue(value) {}
	void set(float newValue)
	{
		value = newValue;
		that->updated(*this);
	}
	float get() const
	{
		return value;
	}
	operator float() const { return get(); }
	bool isDefault(float threshold) const
	{
		return std::abs(value - defaultValue) < threshold;
	}
	void resetToDefault()
	{
		set(defaultValue);
	}
	float getDefault() const {
		return defaultValue;
	}
private:
	ParameterUpdateCapable* that;
	float value;
	const float defaultValue;
};

// It behaves like a ParameterContinuous but it can wrap either a
// ParameterContinuous or a ParameterEnum
class ParameterContinuousGeneric : public Parameter
{
public:
	ParameterContinuousGeneric() {}
	ParameterContinuousGeneric(ParameterContinuous& p): pc(&p) {}
	ParameterContinuousGeneric(ParameterEnum& p): pe(&p) {}
	bool valid()
	{
		return pc || pe;
	}
	void set(float newValue)
	{
		if(pc)
			pc->set(newValue);
		else if(pe)
			pe->set(floatToEnum(newValue));
	}
	float get() const
	{
		if(pc)
			return pc->get();
		else if(pe)
			return enumToFloat(pe->get());
		return 0;
	}
	// only change from ParameterContinuous: transform the value
	// as if it were stored into the parameter and read back from it
	float transform(float v) const
	{
		if(pc)
			return v;
		else if(pe)
			return enumToFloat(floatToEnum(v));
		return 0;
	}
	operator float() const { return get(); }
	void resetToDefault()
	{
		if(pc)
			pc->resetToDefault();
		if(pe)
			pe->set(pe->getDefault());
	}
	float getDefault() const {
		if(pc)
			return pc->getDefault();
		else if(pe) {
			return enumToFloat(pe->getDefault());
		}
		return 0;
	}
	float enumToFloat(int val) const
	{
		if(pe)
			return val / float(pe->getMax() - 1);
		return 0;
	}
	int floatToEnum(float val) const
	{
		if(pe)
			return std::round(val * (pe->getMax() - 1));
		return 0;
	}
	ParameterContinuous* pc = nullptr;
	ParameterEnum* pe = nullptr;
};

// generic container for parameters with fixed resolution
// performs data conversion when setting/getting
class ParameterContainer {
public:
	template <typename T>
	ParameterContainer(T& parameter) : p(&parameter)
	{
		if(std::is_base_of<ParameterEnum, T>::value)
		{
			type = kParameterEnum;
		}
		else
		if(std::is_base_of<ParameterContinuous, T>::value)
		{
			type = kParameterContinuous;
		}
		else
		if(std::is_base_of<ParameterGeneric, T>::value)
		{
			type = kParameterGeneric;
		}
		else
		{
			Error_Handler();
			type = kParameterGeneric; // make compiler happy
		}
	}
	static constexpr unsigned int numBits = 14;
	typedef uint16_t Type;
	void set(Type v)
	{
		switch(type)
		{
		case kParameterEnum:
			((ParameterEnum*)p)->set(v);
			break;
		case kParameterContinuous:
			((ParameterContinuous*)p)->set(v / kMaxValue);
			break;
		case kParameterGeneric:
		{
			ParameterGeneric* pg = (ParameterGeneric*)p;
			uint8_t vals[pg->size()];
			memset(vals, 0, sizeof(vals));
			memcpy(vals, &v, std::min(sizeof(v), sizeof(vals)));
			pg->genericSet(vals);
		}
			break;
		}
	}
	Type get() const {
		switch(type)
		{
		default:
		case kParameterEnum:
			return ((ParameterEnum*)p)->get();
		case kParameterContinuous:
			return ((ParameterContinuous*)p)->get() * kMaxValue;
		case kParameterGeneric:
		{
			ParameterGeneric* pg = (ParameterGeneric*)p;
			const void* value = pg->genericGet();
			Type ret;
			memset(&ret, 0, sizeof(ret));
			memcpy(&ret, value, std::min(sizeof(ret), pg->size()));
			return ret;
		}
		}
	}
	ParameterContinuous* getAsContinuous()
	{
		if(kParameterContinuous == type)
			return (ParameterContinuous*)p;
		else
			return nullptr;
	}
	ParameterEnum* getAsEnum()
	{
		if(kParameterEnum == type)
			return (ParameterEnum*)p;
		else
			return nullptr;
	}
private:
	enum {
		kParameterEnum,
		kParameterContinuous,
		kParameterGeneric,
	} type;
	static constexpr float kMaxValue = (1 << numBits) - 1;
	Parameter* p;
};

class AnimateFs
{
public:
static constexpr size_t kLedStart = 4;
static constexpr size_t kLedStop = kNumLeds - kLedStart - 1;
bool writeInit(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l)
{
	if(isEnabled(p))
	{
		hasWrittenInit++;
		// absolutely avoid animation from overlapping the fixed centroids at top and bottom
		// as that may unexpectedly trigger the compressor.
		// TODO: better design so we don't need this. It's probably about
		// the numWeights of directWriteCentroi.
		constexpr size_t kGuardLed = 1;
		size_t start = all ? 0 : kLedStart - kGuardLed;
		size_t stop = all ? kNumLeds : kLedStop + kGuardLed;
		for(size_t n = start; n < stop; ++n)
			np.setPixelColor(n, kRgbBlack);
	}
	return isEnabled(p);
}
void directWriteCentroid(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, centroid_t centroid, rgb_t color, size_t numWeights = LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights)
{
	if(!isEnabled(p))
		return;
	centroid.location = mapAndConstrain(centroid.location, 0, 1, 0.25, 0.75);
	l.directWriteCentroid(centroid, color, numWeights);
}
void setActive(Parameter& p, bool all)
{
	this->all = all;
	enabledP = &p;
}
uint32_t hasWrittenCount()
{
	return hasWrittenInit;
}

private:
bool isEnabled(Parameter& p) const
{
	return &p == enabledP;
}
Parameter* enabledP = nullptr;
uint32_t hasWrittenInit = 0;
bool all = false;
} gAnimateFs;

static rgb_t crossfade(const rgb_t& a, const rgb_t& b, float idx);

static void colorBar(float value, size_t startLed, size_t stopLed, rgb_t colorStart, rgb_t colorStop)
{
	float top = map(value, 0, 1, startLed, stopLed);
	for(size_t n = startLed; n < stopLed && n < kNumLeds; ++n)
	{
		const rgb_t color = crossfade(colorStart, colorStop, map(n, startLed, stopLed, 0, 1));
		float scale = 0.15; // dimmed to avoid using too much current
		if(n > top)
			scale = 0;
		else if(top == n)
			scale *= top - int(top); // smooth the top LED
		np.setPixelColor(n, color.scaledBy(scale));
	}
}

static void displayRangeWithBarAndEndpoints(LedSlider& l, rgb_t baseColor, float brightness, float margin, float bottom, float top, bool showEndpoints)
{
	l.directBegin();
	rgb_t secondaryColor;
	if(showEndpoints)
	{
		if(std::abs(top - bottom) > 0.08)
		{
			// if they are far enough, fill the bar between the two endpoints
			rgb_t realWhite = {255, 255, 255}; // kRgbWhite is actually blue in some cases
			baseColor = realWhite.scaledBy(0.4);
			secondaryColor = realWhite.scaledBy(0.4);
		} else {
			baseColor = kRgbBlack;
			secondaryColor = kRgbBlack;
		}
	} else
		secondaryColor = baseColor;
	baseColor.scale(brightness);
	secondaryColor.scale(brightness);
	// the LEDs spill up and down a bit, so we limit them a bit to get a more "accurate" visualisation
	float centroidBottom = bottom;
	float centroidTop = top;
	if(bottom != 0)
		bottom += margin;
	if(top != 1)
		top -= margin;
	bottom = constrain(bottom, 0, top);
	top = constrain(top, bottom, 1);
	size_t start = std::round((kNumLeds - 1) * bottom);
	size_t stop = std::round((kNumLeds - 1) * top);
	colorBar(1, start, stop, baseColor, secondaryColor);
	if(showEndpoints)
	{
		// _not_ clearing before we draw, so we keep the bar
		// we drew above
		l.directBegin(false);
		l.directWriteCentroid({ centroidBottom, 0.15 }, getQuantisedColor(buttonColors, centroidBottom));
		l.directWriteCentroid({ centroidTop, 0.15 }, getQuantisedColor(buttonColors, centroidTop));
	}
}

static float simpleRamp(unsigned int phase, unsigned int period)
{
	if(!period)
		return 0;
	return float(phase % period) / period;
}

static float simpleTriangle(unsigned int phase, unsigned int period)
{
	phase = phase % period;
	unsigned int hp = period / 2;
	float value;
	if(phase < hp)
		value = phase / float(hp);
	else
		value = (2 * hp - phase) / float(hp);
	return value;
}

class IoRangeParameters : public ParameterEnumT<kCvRangeNum,CvRange>
{
public:
	ParameterEnumT<kCvRangeNum,CvRange>& cvRange = *this; // for backwards compatibility
	ParameterContinuous min;
	ParameterContinuous max;
	operator IoRange() const {
		return IoRange{
			.min = min,
			.max = max,
			.range = cvRange,
			.enabled = true,
		};
	}
	IoRangeParameters(ParameterUpdateCapable* that) :
		ParameterEnumT<kCvRangeNum,CvRange>({that, kCvRangePositive10}),
		min(that, 0), // -5 V
		max(that, 1) // +10 V
	{}
	virtual void animate(LedSlider& l, rgb_t baseColor, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		if(ms < 800)
		{
			if(!gAnimateFs.writeInit(*this, l))
				return;
			// The code below can draw a crossfaded bar between the two extremes of the range.
			// However, we always have baseColor == secondaryColor, so no crossfading is happening
			// at the moment
			// If CvRange is not kCvRangeCustom, there will be just a solid bar..
			// If instead it is kCvRangeCustom, the two endpoints will be drawn as centroid on top
			// of a white bar
			IoRange r = *this;
			r.enabled = true;
			float bottom;
			float top;
			r.getMinMax(bottom, top);
			displayRangeWithBarAndEndpoints(l, baseColor, 1, 0.05, bottom, top, kCvRangeCustom == r.range);
		}
	}
};

class IoRangesParameters
{
public:
	IoRangeParameters in;
	IoRangeParameters outTop;
	IoRangeParameters outBottom;
	operator IoRanges const ()
	{
		return IoRanges{
			.in = in,
			.outTop = outTop,
			.outBottom = outBottom,
		};
	}
	IoRangesParameters(ParameterUpdateCapable* that) :
		in(that),
		outTop(that),
		outBottom(that)
	{}
	IoRangeParameters& operator[] (size_t n) {
		switch(n)
		{
		default:
		case 0:
			return in;
		case 1:
			return outTop;
		case 2:
			return outBottom;
		}
	}
	static constexpr size_t size() {
		return 3;
	}
};

static void doOutRangeOverride(size_t c);
class PerformanceMode : public ParameterUpdateCapable {
public:
	virtual bool setup(double ms) = 0;
	virtual void render(BelaContext*, FrameData* frameData) = 0;
	IoRangesParameters ioRangesParameters {this};
	virtual void updated(Parameter& p) override {
		for(size_t n = 0; n < ioRangesParameters.size(); ++n)
		{
			auto& ioRange = ioRangesParameters[n];
			if(p.same(ioRange.cvRange))
				break;
			else if(p.same(ioRange.min) || p.same(ioRange.max)) {
				ioRange.cvRange.set(kCvRangeCustom);
				if(n >= 1)
					doOutRangeOverride(n - 1);
				break;
			}
		}
	};
	ParameterContainer* getParameter(size_t idx)
	{
		return idx < parameters.size() ? &parameters[idx]: nullptr;
	}
	virtual rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) = 0;
	std::vector<ParameterContainer> parameters;
	PerformanceMode() : buttonColor(kRgbGreen) {}
	PerformanceMode(rgb_t color)
	: buttonColor(kRgbGreen) // TODO: change kRgbGreen to color if you want to obey the color
	{}
	rgb_t buttonColor {kRgbGreen};
};

// a class that affects the behaviour of updatePresetField() in that it
// prevents it from storing IoRanges
class PerformanceModeWithoutRanges : public PerformanceMode {
};

#ifdef TEST_MODE
class TestMode: public PerformanceMode {
public:
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeFollowLeds);
		ledSlidersSetupTwoSliders(colorDefs[0], LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS);
		for(unsigned int n = 0; n < kNumLeds; ++n)
			np.setPixelColor(n, 0, 0, 0);
		state = kNumStates - 1;
		nextState();
		return true;
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		bool hasTouch = (globalSlider.compoundTouchSize() > 0);
		if(performanceBtn.onset)
			nextState();

		if(hasTouch && !hadTouch)
		{
			if(shouldLeds)
			{
				// toggle leds colors
				count = 0;
				setColor();
			} else {

			}
		}
		if(hasTouch)
		{
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kOff, TRI::kAll);
		} else {
			float gn = 0;
			float rd = 0;
			switch(buttonMode)
			{
			case kButtonCycle:
			{
				constexpr size_t kPeriod = 1000;
				bool which = ((HAL_GetTick() - startTime) % kPeriod) > kPeriod / 2;
				gn = which;
				rd = !which;
			}
				break;
			case kButtonManual:
				gn = greenButton;
				rd = redButton;
				break;
			}
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, gn);
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, rd);
		}
		hadTouch = hasTouch;
		centroid_t centroids[2];
		switch(ledMode)
		{
		case kLedsOff:
			for(unsigned int n = 0; n < 2; ++n)
			{
				centroids[n].location = 0;
				centroids[n].size = 0;
			}
			break;
		case kLedsMoveOpposite:
		case kLedsMoveSame:
		{
			const uint32_t period = 1024;
			float location = 0.8 * simpleTriangle(count, period) + 0.1;
			centroids[0].location = location;
			centroids[0].size = 1;
			centroids[1].size = 1;
			if(kLedsMoveSame == ledMode)
			{
				// both move in the same direction
				centroids[1].location = location;
			} else {
				// they move in opposite directions
				centroids[1].location = 1.f - location;
			}
			count++;
			count %= period;
		}
			break;
		case kLedsStillTop:
		case kLedsStillBottom:
			for(unsigned int n = 0; n < 2; ++n)
			{
				centroids[n].location = (kLedsStillTop == ledMode ? 0.8 : 0.2);
				centroids[n].size = 1;
			}
			break;
		}
		for(unsigned int n = 0; n < 2; ++n)
			ledSliders.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(centroids + n, 1);

		bool justStarted = (HAL_GetTick() - startTime < 500);
		if(justStarted)
		{
			// make sure when we start we are actually updating the leds
			// so they can be set to the values the mode will need them in later on
			tr_requestUpdateLeds(true);
		} else {
			tr_requestUpdateLeds(shouldPwm);
		}
		tr_requestScan(shouldTouch);
	}

	void updatePreset() override
	{}
private:
	void nextState() {
		state++;
		if(kNumStates == state)
			state = 0;
		count = 0;
		initState();
	}
	void initState()
	{
		startTime = HAL_GetTick();
		// update global states
		shouldLeds = false;
		shouldTouch = false;
		shouldPwm = false;
		ledMode = kLedsOff;
		buttonMode = kButtonManual;
		greenButton = 0;
		redButton = 0;
		switch(State(state))
		{
		case kState_Leds_Pwm_Touch: // slider LEDs moving together
			shouldLeds = true;
			shouldPwm = true;
			shouldTouch = true;
			ledMode = kLedsMoveSame;
			break;
		case kState_Leds_Pwm_x:  // slider LEDs moving opposite
			shouldLeds = true;
			shouldPwm = true;
			ledMode = kLedsMoveOpposite;
			break;
		case kState_Leds_x_Touch: // slider LEDs still at top
			shouldLeds = true;
			shouldTouch = true;
			ledMode = kLedsStillTop;
			break;
		case kState_Leds_x_x_: // slider LEDs still at bottom
			shouldLeds = true;
			ledMode = kLedsStillBottom;
			break;
		case kState_x_Pwm_Touch: // sliderLEDs off, LED button is red, when touching slider, button goes dark
			shouldPwm = true;
			shouldTouch = true;
			redButton = 1;
			ledMode = kLedsOff;
			break;
		case kState_x_Pwm_x_: // slider LEDs off, LED button cycles automatically
			shouldPwm = true;
			ledMode = kLedsOff;
			buttonMode = kButtonCycle;
			break;
		case kState_x_x_Touch: // slider LEDs off, LED button is green, when touching slider button goes dark
			shouldTouch = true;
			greenButton = 1;
			ledMode = kLedsOff;
			break;
		case kState_x_x_x: // slider LEDs off, no LED button
		case kNumStates:
			break;
		}
	}
	void setColor(int n = -1){
		if(n == -1)
			colorState++;
		else
			colorState = n;
		if(colorState >= kNumColors)
			colorState = 0;
		ledSliders.sliders[0].setColor(colorDefs[colorState][0]);
		ledSliders.sliders[1].setColor(colorDefs[colorState][1]);
		// re-init state so that if shouldPwm is off at least it gets
		// retriggered briefly and displayed color is updated
		initState();
	}
	static constexpr size_t kNumColors = 3;
	rgb_t colorDefs[kNumColors][2] = {
			{
				{192, 58, 40},
				{160, 70, 50},
			},
			{
				{192, 58, 40},
				kRgbBlack,
			},
			{
				kRgbWhite,
				kRgbWhite,
			},
	};
	uint32_t count = 0;
	enum State {
		kState_Leds_Pwm_Touch,
		kState_Leds_Pwm_x,
		kState_Leds_x_Touch,
		kState_Leds_x_x_,
		kState_x_Pwm_Touch,
		kState_x_Pwm_x_,
		kState_x_x_Touch,
		kState_x_x_x,
		kNumStates,
	};
	enum LedMode {
		kLedsOff,
		kLedsMoveSame,
		kLedsMoveOpposite,
		kLedsStillTop,
		kLedsStillBottom,
	} ledMode;
	enum ButtonMode {
		kButtonManual,
		kButtonCycle,
	} buttonMode;
	unsigned int state = kState_Leds_Pwm_Touch;
	unsigned int colorState = 0;
	uint32_t startTime = 0;
	float greenButton = 0;
	float redButton = 0;
	bool hadTouch = false;
	bool shouldLeds = true;
	bool shouldTouch = true;
	bool shouldPwm = true;
} gTestMode;
#endif // TEST_MODE

#define ENUMERATE_ARRAY_4(tuple) tuple[0], tuple[1], tuple[2], tuple[3]
#define ENUMERATE_ARRAY_5(tuple) ENUMERATE_ARRAY_4(tuple), tuple[4]

// see https://stackoverflow.com/a/50067142/2958741 for alternatives in case this breaks
#define GET_CLASS std::remove_reference<decltype(*this)>::type
#define MP(a) &PresetFieldData_t::a, &GET_CLASS::a

#define type_unref(A) typename std::remove_reference<decltype(A)>::type
// unaligned target assign with type conversion
#define UN_T_ASS(dst, src) { \
	type_unref(dst) cpy; \
	cpy = src; /* apply any conversion */ \
	memcpy(&(dst), &(cpy), sizeof(dst)); \
}

// unaligned source assign
#define UN_S_ASS(dst, src) { \
	static_assert(std::is_same<type_unref(dst), type_unref(src)>::value); \
	memcpy(&(dst), &(src), sizeof(dst)); \
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode>
void genericDefaultsPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::*& a, const U BasePerfMode::* const& A)
{
	M(printf("genericDefaultsPairActual plain\n\r"));
	UN_T_ASS(pfd->*a, that->*A);
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, size_t N, typename BasePerfMode>
void genericDefaultsPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, std::array<T,N> pfd_t::*& a, const std::array<U,N> BasePerfMode::* const& A)
{
	M(printf("genericDefaultsPairActual array %u\n\r", (that->*A).size()));
	for(size_t n = 0; n < (that->*A).size(); ++n)
		UN_T_ASS((pfd->*a)[n], (that->*A)[n]);
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode>
static inline void genericDefaultsT(pfd_t*, PerfMode*) { } // termination case

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode, typename... Ts>
static void genericDefaultsT(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::*a, const U BasePerfMode::* const& A, Ts&... varargs)
{
	static_assert(std::is_base_of<BasePerfMode,PerfMode>::value, "Type mismatch");
	genericDefaultsPairActual(pfd, that, a, A);
	genericDefaultsT(pfd, that, varargs...);
}

// when a preset is created with default values, call this function to populate its fields from the
// Parameter's initial values
template <typename CLASS, typename... Ts>
auto genericDefaults(Ts... varargs)
{
	static_assert(0 == (sizeof...(Ts) & 1), "Arguments should be: pairs of destination, source member pointers");
	return [varargs...](PresetField_t field, PresetFieldSize_t size, void* data)
	{
		typedef typename CLASS::PresetFieldData_t pfd_t;
		constexpr size_t expSize = sizeof(pfd_t);
		if(size != expSize)
		{
			printf("genericDefaults: wrong size %u vs %u\n\r", size, expSize);
			if(size < expSize)
			{
				printf("Too small\n\r");
				Error_Handler();
			}
		}
		pfd_t* pfd = (pfd_t*)data;
		CLASS* that = (CLASS*)field;
		if constexpr(std::is_base_of<PerformanceMode,CLASS>::value && !std::is_base_of<PerformanceModeWithoutRanges,CLASS>::value)
		{
			IoRanges ioRanges = that->ioRangesParameters;
			UN_T_ASS(pfd->ioRanges, ioRanges);
		}
		genericDefaultsT(pfd, that, varargs...);
	};
}

#define GENERIC_DEFAULTER(...) { \
	[](PresetField_t field, PresetFieldSize_t size, void* data){ \
		genericDefaults<type_unref(*this)>(__VA_ARGS__)(field, size, data); \
	} \
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode>
void loadCallbackPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::* a, U BasePerfMode::* A)
{
	type_unref(pfd->*a) tmp;
	UN_S_ASS(tmp, pfd->*a);
	(that->*A).set(tmp);
	(that->presetFieldData.*a) = tmp;
	M(printf("loadCallbackPairActual plain\n\r"));
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, size_t N, typename BasePerfMode>
void loadCallbackPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, std::array<T,N> pfd_t::*& a, std::array<U,N> BasePerfMode::*& A)
{
	M(printf("loadCallbackPairActual array %d\n\r", (that->*A).size()));
	for(size_t n = 0; n < (that->*A).size(); ++n)
	{
		type_unref((pfd->*a)[n]) tmp;
		UN_S_ASS(tmp, (pfd->*a)[n]);
		(that->*A)[n].set(tmp);
		(that->presetFieldData.*a)[n] = tmp;
	}
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode>
static inline void loadCallbackT(pfd_t*, PerfMode*) { } // termination case

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode, typename... Ts>
static void loadCallbackT(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::*a, U BasePerfMode::* A, Ts&... varargs)
{
	static_assert(std::is_base_of<BasePerfMode,PerfMode>::value, "Type mismatch");
	loadCallbackPairActual(pfd, that, a, A);
	loadCallbackT(pfd, that, varargs...);
}

// when a preset is loaded, call this function to populate the class's PresetFieldData_t and Parameter fields
// with the data read from storage
template <typename CLASS, typename... Ts>
auto loadCallback(Ts... varargs)
{
	static_assert(0 == (sizeof...(Ts) & 1), "Arguments should be: pairs of PresetFieldData_t, Parameter member pointers");
	return [varargs...](PresetField_t field, PresetFieldSize_t size, const void* data)
	{
		typedef typename CLASS::PresetFieldData_t pfd_t;
		constexpr size_t expSize = sizeof(pfd_t);
		if(size != expSize)
		{
			printf("loadCallback: wrong size %u vs %u\n\r", size, expSize);
			Error_Handler();
		}
		pfd_t* pfd = (pfd_t*)data;
		CLASS* that = (CLASS*)field;
		if constexpr(std::is_base_of<PerformanceMode,CLASS>::value && !std::is_base_of<PerformanceModeWithoutRanges,CLASS>::value)
		{
			IoRanges ioRanges;
			UN_S_ASS(ioRanges, pfd->ioRanges);
			for(size_t n = 0; n < IoRangesParameters::size(); ++n) {
				that->ioRangesParameters[n].min.set(ioRanges[n].min);
				that->ioRangesParameters[n].max.set(ioRanges[n].max);
				 /* this last, so that setting min/max won't override cvRange with kCvRangeCustom */ \
				that->ioRangesParameters[n].cvRange.set(ioRanges[n].range);
			}
			that->presetFieldData.ioRanges = ioRanges;
		}
		loadCallbackT(pfd, that, varargs...);
	};
}
#define LOAD_CALLBACK(...) {\
	[](PresetField_t field, PresetFieldSize_t size, const void* data) { \
		loadCallback<type_unref(*this)>(__VA_ARGS__)(field, size, data); \
	} \
}

template <typename T>
static bool areEqual(const T& a, const T& b)
{
	return !memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(T));
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode>
bool updatePresetFieldPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::*a_, const U BasePerfMode::* A_)
{
	static_assert(std::is_pod<T>::value, "First argument in pairs should be POD");
	static_assert(std::is_base_of<Parameter,U>::value, "Second argument in pairs should be source Parameter");
	auto& a = pfd->*a_;
	const auto& A = that->*A_;
	bool changed = a != A.get();
	a = A.get();
	M(printf("update plain %s\n\r", changed ? "changed" : ""));
	return changed;
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, size_t N, typename BasePerfMode>
bool updatePresetFieldPairActual(pfd_t* pfd, PerfMode* that, std::array<T,N> pfd_t::*& a_, std::array<U,N> BasePerfMode::*& A_)
{
	static_assert(std::is_pod<T>::value, "First argument in pairs should be POD");
	static_assert(std::is_base_of<Parameter,U>::value, "Second argument in pairs should be source Parameter");
	auto& a = pfd->*a_;
	const auto& A = that->*A_;
	bool changed = false;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < A.size(); ++n)
	{
		auto a0 = A[n].get();
		if(memcmp(&a0, &a[n], sizeof(a0)))
		{
			changed = true;
			break;
		}
	}
	for(size_t n = 0; n < A.size(); ++n)
		a[n] = A[n];
	M(printf("update array %s\n\r", changed ? "changed" : ""));
	return changed;
}

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode>
static inline bool updatePresetFieldT(pfd_t*, PerfMode*) { return false; } // termination case

template <typename pfd_t, typename PerfMode, typename T, typename U, typename BasePerfMode, typename... Ts>
static bool updatePresetFieldT(pfd_t* pfd, const PerfMode* that, T pfd_t::*a, U BasePerfMode::* A, Ts&... varargs)
{
	static_assert(std::is_base_of<BasePerfMode,PerfMode>::value, "Type mismatch");
	bool changed = updatePresetFieldPairActual(pfd, that, a, A);
	changed |= updatePresetFieldT(pfd, that, varargs...);
	return changed;
}

// once a Parameter has been updated, this updates the corresponding preset field if it has changed
// In other words, it makes sure that the preset is up to date with the data that is in memory
template <typename PerfMode, typename... Ts>
void updatePresetField(PerfMode* that, Ts... varargs)
{
	static_assert(0 == (sizeof...(Ts) & 1), "Arguments should be: `this`, then destination, source pairs");
	bool changed = false;

	if constexpr(std::is_base_of<PerformanceMode,PerfMode>::value && !std::is_base_of<PerformanceModeWithoutRanges,PerfMode>::value)
	{
		auto bakIoRanges = that->presetFieldData.ioRanges;
		that->presetFieldData.ioRanges = that->ioRangesParameters;
		if(memcmp(&bakIoRanges, &that->presetFieldData.ioRanges, sizeof(bakIoRanges)))
			changed |= true;
	}
	changed |= updatePresetFieldT(&that->presetFieldData, that, varargs...);
	if(changed)
	{
		presetSetField(that, &that->presetFieldData);
	}
}

// values must have enough space for numSplits * maxTouchesPerSplit elements.
// it will contain, interleaved, maxTouchesPerSplit elements per each split. Invalid
// elements (i.e.: non-touches) will have a kIdInvalid id.
void touchTrackerSplit(TouchTracker& touchTracker, const CentroidDetection& slider, bool shouldProcess, const LedSliders& ls, size_t maxTouchesPerSplit, TouchTracker::TouchWithId* values)
{
	size_t numSplits = ls.sliders.size();
	if(shouldProcess)
		touchTracker.process(slider);
	size_t numTouches = touchTracker.getNumTouches();
	for(size_t s = 0; s < numSplits; ++s)
	{
		float min = ls.s.boundaries[s].sliderMin;
		float max = ls.s.boundaries[s].sliderMax;;
		TouchTracker::TouchWithId twi[maxTouchesPerSplit];
		size_t touches = 0;
		for(ssize_t i = numTouches - 1; i >= 0 && touches < maxTouchesPerSplit; --i)
		{
			// get maxTouchesPerSplit most recent touches which started on this split
			const TouchTracker::TouchWithId& t = touchTracker.getTouchOrdered(i);
			if(t.startLocation >= min && t.startLocation <= max)
			{
				touchTracker.assignTouchById(t.id);
				twi[touches++] = t;
			} else if(!t.assigned && (t.startLocation < min || t.startLocation > max)) {
				// touch originated in the region between the splits.
				if(t.touch.location >= min && t.touch.location <= max)
				{
					// if it enters one of the splits,
					// we assign it to it for future reference
					// and immediately start using it
					touchTracker.setStartLocationById(t.id, t.touch.location);
					touchTracker.assignTouchById(t.id);
					twi[touches++] = t;
				}
			}
		}
		for(size_t t = 0; t < maxTouchesPerSplit; ++t)
		{
			size_t idx = s * maxTouchesPerSplit + t;
			values[idx] = twi[t];
			if(TouchTracker::kIdInvalid != twi[t].id)
			{
				// adjust locations relative to split
				values[idx].touch.location = mapAndConstrain(twi[t].touch.location, min, max, 0, 1);
				values[idx].startLocation = mapAndConstrain(twi[t].startLocation, min, max, 0, 1);
			}
		}
	}
}

class SplitPerformanceMode : public PerformanceMode {
public:
	bool isSplit()
	{
		return splitMode != kModeNoSplit;
	}
protected:
	static constexpr size_t kNumSplits = ::kNumSplits;
	struct {
		uint8_t location;
		uint8_t size;
	} asymSplits = {0, 1};
	// whether as you go from split 0 to 1
	// the slider value increases
	bool splitsIncreasing = true;
	size_t currentSplits()
	{
		return 1 + isSplit();
	}
	bool isAsymmetricalSplit()
	{
		return kModeSplitLocationSize == splitMode;
	}
	void setupSliders(const rgb_t& color, double ms)
	{
		if(isSplit())
		{
			if(ms <= 0)
			{
				LedSlidersOrder order;
				if(uio.menuSwapped())
				{
					order = kBottomUp;
					asymSplits = { .location = 1, .size = 0};
					splitsIncreasing = false;
				} else {
					order = kTopBottom;
					asymSplits = { .location = 0, .size = 1};
					splitsIncreasing = true;
				}
				ledSlidersSetupTwoSliders(color, LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS, order, isAsymmetricalSplit());
			}
		} else {
			if(ms <= 0)
			{
				ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(
					color,
					LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS
				);
			}
		}
	}
	void renderOut(std::array<float,kNumSplits>& out, const std::array<centroid_t,kNumSplits>& values,
			const std::array<centroid_t,kNumSplits>& displayValues,
			std::array<bool,kNumSplits> preserveSizeInVizOfLocationSplit,
			const std::array<rgb_t,kNumSplits>& colors)
	{
		for(ssize_t n = 0; n < isSplit() + 1; ++n)
		{
			ledSliders.sliders[n].setColor(colors[n]); // may be overridden below
			switch(splitMode)
			{
			case kModeNoSplit:
				ledSliders.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(displayValues.data(), 1);
				out[0] = touchOrNot(values[0]).location;
				out[1] = touchOrNot(values[0]).size;
				break;
			case kModeSplitLocation:
				drawLocationSplit(ledSliders.sliders[n], displayValues[n], preserveSizeInVizOfLocationSplit[n]);
				out[n] = touchOrNot(values[n]).location;
				break;
			case kModeSplitSize:
			{
				// to make it look more evenly spaced, we move the dots
				// slightly closer to the centre of the slider
				float start;
				if((0 == n && splitsIncreasing) || (1 == n && !splitsIncreasing))
					start = 0.37;
				else
					start = 0.63;
				if(uio.touchStripSwapped())
					start += 0.05 - n * 0.05;
				if(uio.menuSwapped())
					start += 0.05 + n * 0.05;
				drawSizeSplit(ledSliders.sliders[n], start, displayValues[n].size);
				out[n] = touchOrNot(values[n]).size;
			}
				break;
			case kModeSplitLocationSize:
			{
				if(1 == n) // all set on first iteration
					continue;
				size_t l = asymSplits.location;
				ledSliders.sliders[l].setColor(colors[l]);
				drawLocationSplit(ledSliders.sliders[l], displayValues[l], preserveSizeInVizOfLocationSplit[l]);
				out[l] = touchOrNot(values[l]).location;

				size_t s = asymSplits.size;
				float start = 0.8;
				if(!uio.touchStripSwapped())
					start -= 0.05;
				ledSliders.sliders[s].setColor(colors[s]);
				drawSizeSplit(ledSliders.sliders[s], start, displayValues[s].size);
				out[s] = touchOrNot(values[s]).size;
			}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	bool outIsSize(size_t n)
	{
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> outIsSize;
		switch(splitMode)
		{
		case kModeNoSplit:
			outIsSize = {false, true};
			break;
		case kModeSplitSize:
			outIsSize = {true, true};
			break;
		case kModeSplitLocation:
			outIsSize = {false, false};
			break;
		case kModeSplitLocationSize:
			outIsSize = {0 == asymSplits.size, 1 == asymSplits.size};
			break;
		}
		return outIsSize[n];
	}
	void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		if(p.same(splitMode))
		{
			constexpr uint32_t kDuration = 1200;
			if(ms < kDuration)
			{
				float loc = simpleTriangle(ms, kDuration);
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				switch(splitMode.get())
				{
				case kModeNoSplit:
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = loc, .size = loc }, color);
					break;
				case kModeSplitLocation:
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = map(loc, 0, 1, 0, 0.5), .size = kFixedCentroidSize }, color);
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = map(loc, 0, 1, 0.5, 1), .size = kFixedCentroidSize }, color);
					break;
				case kModeSplitSize:
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = 0.1, .size = loc }, color, LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights * 2);
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = 0.9, .size = loc }, color, LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights * 2);
					break;
				case kModeSplitLocationSize:
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = map(loc, 0, 1, 0.3, 1), .size = kFixedCentroidSize }, color);
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = 0.05, .size = loc }, color, LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights * 2);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
private:
	void drawSizeSplit(LedSlider& slider, float start, float value)
	{
		// Use multiple centroids to make a bigger dot.
		// Their spacing increases with the size
		std::array<centroid_t,3> centroids;
		float spread = 0.15f * std::min(1.f, value);
		for(size_t c = 0; c < centroids.size(); ++c)
		{
			centroids[c].location = start + (0 == c ? -spread : +spread);
			centroids[c].size = value;
		}
		slider.setLedsCentroids(centroids.data(), centroids.size());
	}
	void drawLocationSplit(LedSlider& slider, const centroid_t& displayValue, bool preserveSizeInVizOfLocationSplit)
	{
		bool hasTouch = (displayValue.size > 0);
		centroid_t centroid;
		centroid.location = displayValue.location;
		centroid.size = preserveSizeInVizOfLocationSplit ? displayValue.size : hasTouch * kFixedCentroidSize;
		slider.setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
	}
public:
	enum SplitMode {
		kModeNoSplit,
		kModeSplitLocation,
		kModeSplitSize,
		kModeSplitLocationSize,
	};
	ParameterEnumT<4> splitMode{this, kModeNoSplit};
	SplitPerformanceMode(rgb_t color) : PerformanceMode(color) {}
	SplitPerformanceMode() {}
};

template <typename T>
static inline int sign(T val)
{
	return (T(0) < val) - (val < T(0));
}

static centroid_t processSize(centroid_t c, size_t split)
{
	static std::array<float,2> pastSizes {};
	static std::array<float,2> pastPastSizes {};
	float decay = 0.998;
	float envIn = c.size;
	// special peak envelope detector
	// whereas if the input is zero, we just accept it
	// this way we have fast attacks and fast releases
	// and what's in between is smoothed
	float env = pastSizes[split];
	if(0 == envIn || 0 == pastSizes[split] || 0 == pastPastSizes[split])
	{
		// during, or immediately after a zero (i.e.: end or beginning of touch)
		// pass through current value. This gives immediate attacks and releases.
		env = envIn;
	} else if(envIn > env)
	{
		// minimal smoothing
		env = env * 0.9 + envIn * 0.1;
	} else {
		float diff = constrain(env - envIn, 0, 1);
		if(diff < 0.1) {
			// use decay as is
		} else {
			// reduce decay for faster transition
			decay = map(diff - 0.1, 0, 0.9, decay, 0.5);
			decay = constrain(decay, 0, 0.999); // in case we get anything wrong ..
		}
		env = envIn * (1.f - decay) + env * decay;
	}
	pastPastSizes[split] = pastSizes[split];
	pastSizes[split] = env;
	return centroid_t{
		.location = c.location,
		.size = env,
	};
}

#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
class DirectControlMode : public SplitPerformanceMode {
	enum AutoLatchMode {
		kAutoLatchOff,
		kAutoLatchBoth,
		kAutoLatchLocationOnly,
	};
public:
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		asrs.fill(kAsrDone);
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlockCustomSmoothed);
		setupSliders(color, ms);
		if(ms < 0)
			return true;
		// opening animation
		// single point starts in middle, zips off in two directions to the top and bottom
		constexpr float kAnimationDuration = animationDuration(1200);
		float loc = ms / (kAnimationDuration * 2) + 0.5f;
		float size = kFixedCentroidSize;
		for(auto l : { &ledSliders, &ledSlidersAlt})
		{
			l->sliders[0].directBegin();
			l->sliders[0].directWriteCentroid({ .location = loc, .size = size }, color);
			l->sliders[0].directWriteCentroid({ .location = 1.0f - loc, .size = size }, color);
		}
		return ms > kAnimationDuration;
	}
	void render(BelaContext*, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		// ensure a change in the mode color is updated on each callback
		for(auto& s : ledSliders.sliders)
			s.setColor(color);
		bool analogInHigh = tri.analogRead() > kTriggerInOnThreshold;
		bool analogRisingEdge = (analogInHigh && !pastAnalogInHigh);
		pastAnalogInHigh = analogInHigh;
		std::array<TouchTracker::TouchWithId,kNumSplits> twis;
		touchTrackerSplit(gTouchTracker, globalSlider, ledSliders.isTouchEnabled() && frameData->isNew, ledSliders, 1, twis.data());
		std::array<centroid_t,kNumSplits> values {};
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
		{
			if(TouchTracker::kIdInvalid == twis[n].id)
				twis[n].touch = {0, 0};
			values[n] = processSize(twis[n].touch, n);
		}
		bool shouldLatch = false;
		bool shouldUnlatch = false;
		bool shouldReset = false;

		bool hasTouch = false;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
			hasTouch |= values[n].size > 0;

		if(performanceBtn.onset)
		{
			// if you have at least one touch, we latch
			shouldLatch |= hasTouch;
		}
		if(performanceBtn.offset)
		{
			// if it's not the same press that triggered the latch, unlatch
			if(lastLatchCount != performanceBtn.pressId)
			{
				shouldUnlatch = true;
				lastLatchCount = ButtonView::kPressIdInvalid;
			}
		}
		if(analogRisingEdge && !performanceBtn.pressed)
		{
			// on analog edge, if there is a touch, latch. Otherwise, unlatch.
			shouldLatch |= hasTouch;
			shouldUnlatch = !shouldLatch;
		}
		if(shouldUnlatch)
		{
			// if there's nothing latched, we reset instead
			bool hasLatch = false;
			for(const auto& l : isLatched)
			{
				if(LatchProcessor::kLatchNone != l)
				{
					hasLatch = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if(!hasLatch)
				shouldReset = true;
		}
		if(shouldLatch)
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 1, 100);
		// sets values and isLatched
		latchProcessor.process(frameData->isNew, shouldAutoLatch(), 1 + isSplit(), values, isLatched, shouldLatch, shouldUnlatch);
		if(shouldLatch && (isLatched[0] || isLatched[isSplit()]))
		{
			// keep note of current press
			lastLatchCount = performanceBtn.pressId;
		}
		// make a copy before possibly removing size
		std::array<centroid_t,kNumSplits> displayValues = values;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits() && isSplit(); ++n)
		{
			if(!outIsSize(n))
			{
				// if the centroid should have a fixed size, overwite the actual size with it
				displayValues[n].size = displayValues[n].size ? kFixedCentroidSize : 0;
			}
		}
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> shouldOverrideOuts = { false, false };
		static constexpr float kDummySize = 0.4f * kFixedCentroidSize;
		if(hasSizeOutput() && !shouldAutoLatchSize())
		{
			for(size_t n = 0; n < isLatched.size() && n < currentSplits(); ++n)
			{
				if(LatchProcessor::kLatchAuto == isLatched[n])
				{
					// if we were autolatched, we need to ignore size
					// CV outs:
					// set size to 0 for output
					values[n].size = 0;
					// TODO: this also sets location to kNoOutput, so we mark it for fixup below.
					if(kModeNoSplit == splitMode)
						shouldOverrideOuts[n] = true;
					if(kModeSplitLocationSize == splitMode)
						shouldOverrideOuts[asymSplits.location] = true;
					// display:
					if(outIsSize(n)) // it's size and shouldn't be latched
						// display is dark
						displayValues[n].size = 0;
					else
						// leave a faint dot for display while location is latched
						displayValues[n].size = kDummySize;
				}
			}
		}
		std::array<rgb_t,kNumSplits> colors;
		colors.fill(color);
		const rgb_t altColor = kRgbOrange;
		if(shouldReset)
		{
			asrs.fill(kAsrDone);
			gCustomSmoothedAlpha.fill(0);
		}
		// if not resetting, process the state machine
		for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumOutChannels && !shouldReset; ++n)
		{
			static std::array<LatchProcessor::Reason,2> wasLatched = isLatched;
			static std::array<bool,kNumSplits> pastAsrHasTouch {};
			unsigned int refIdx = isSplit() ? n : 0;
			bool hasActualTouch = values[refIdx].size > 0;
			bool asrHasTouch = hasActualTouch;
			if(!isSplit())
			{
				// when nonSplit and latched location only, act as if the touch is still present
				// as far as the location output's ASR is concerned. This means that if you
				// let go of the touch while the attack was not completed, it stays
				// in attack
				if(kAutoLatchLocationOnly == autoLatch && 0 == n)
				{
					if(LatchProcessor::kLatchAuto == isLatched[refIdx])
					{
						asrHasTouch = true;
					}
				}
			}
			float osd = getOutputSmoothDiff(n);
			bool closeEnough = std::abs(osd) < 0.0005;
			// update asr state machine
			if(outIsSize(n))
			{
				// out is size
				// Broadly speaking:
				// - "attack" is when the nominal output is increasing,
				// - "release" is when the nominal output is decreasing or zero.
				// This ensures that upon release with a high smoothing value
				// there's no unintended jump from the curren tvalue to something lower
				// (due to a release size artifact) before the filter kicks in.
				// There is no "sustain".
				if(!asrHasTouch)
				{
					// no touch
					if(kAsrRelease != asrs[n] && kAsrDone != asrs[n])
					{
						S(printf("%d rel\n\r", n));
						asrs[n] = kAsrRelease;
					}
					else if(!pastAsrHasTouch[n] && isLatched[refIdx] == wasLatched[refIdx])
					{
						// Above checks are to make sure we don't get here by mistake
						// as soon as the touch has ended or latch is released, just
						// because we might happen to be "closeEnough"
						if(kAsrRelease == asrs[n] && closeEnough)
						{
							asrs[n] = kAsrDone;
							S(printf("%d don\n\r", n));
						}
					}
				}
				else if(osd <= 0)
				{
					if(kAsrAttack != asrs[n])
					{
						S(printf("%d att\n\r", n));
					}
					asrs[n] = kAsrAttack;
				}
				else
				{
					if(kAsrRelease != asrs[n])
					{
						S(printf("%d r\n\r", n));
					}
					asrs[n] = kAsrRelease;
				}
			} else {
				// out is location
				// - "attack" is until the actual output becomes close enough to the nominal output
				// - "sustain" follows, until
				// - "release" begins when the touch stops
				static std::array<float,kNumSplits> pastOsd {};
				bool crossedOver = false;
				bool touchStarts = false;
				static int count = 0;
				count++;

				if(pastAsrHasTouch[n] && asrHasTouch)
				{
					// touch is already in progress
					if(sign(pastOsd[n]) == -sign(osd))
						crossedOver = true;
				}
				bool shouldAttack = false;
				if(
					(wasLatched[refIdx] && !isLatched[refIdx])
					   && LatchProcessor::kLatchSingleFrame != wasLatched[refIdx]
					   && hasActualTouch)
				{
					// a new touch has hit the touchstrip that was previously latched
					// we force jump to attack even if we didn't do release previously
					shouldAttack = true;
				}
				if((asrHasTouch && !pastAsrHasTouch[n]) || shouldAttack)
				{
					// touch started
					asrs[n] = kAsrAttack;
					S(printf("%d %d attack\n\r", count, n));
					touchStarts = true;
				} else if(!asrHasTouch && pastAsrHasTouch[n])
				{
					 // touch ended / was unlatched
					asrs[n] = kAsrRelease;
					S(printf("%d %d rel\n\r", count, n));
				} else if(kAsrAttack == asrs[n])
				{
					if(closeEnough || crossedOver)
					{
						// if close enough or crossed over, attack is completed
						asrs[n] = kAsrSustain;
						S(printf("%d %d s %s\n\r", count, n, crossedOver ? "cross" : ""));
					}
				} else if(kAsrRelease == asrs[n])
				{
					if(closeEnough)
					{
						asrs[n] = kAsrDone;
						S(printf("%d %d d\n\r", count, n));
					}
				}
				if(touchStarts)
				{
					// reset state
					pastOsd[n] = 0;
					S(printf("%d %d reset\n\r", count, n));
				} else
					pastOsd[n] = osd;
			}
			pastAsrHasTouch[n] = asrHasTouch;
			wasLatched[refIdx] = isLatched[refIdx];
			gCustomSmoothedAlpha[n] = getAlpha(n);
			if(LatchProcessor::kLatchSingleFrame == isLatched[refIdx] && !outIsSize(n) && kAsrSustain == asrs[n])
			{
				// we are not formally latching, but a touch just ended
				// so for this frame only we are latching.
				// If output is location, set alpha to 0 to reset the output filter so that
				// from the next frame we can start decaying from the
				// "correct" (latched) value
				gCustomSmoothedAlpha[n] = 0;
			}

			// adjust size / color of visualisation, based on each asr (and more)
			bool vizFollowsSmooth = true;
			if(vizFollowsSmooth)
			{
				// in here we draw an altColor centroid which is added to the `color` one
				// representing the touch (drawn after renderOut). If the one we draw here is location,
				// it fades out as it approaches the one representing the touch.
				// TODO: see if locationShouldAltViz() is still meaningful
				float gain = 1;
				float diff = std::abs(getOutputSmoothDiffNormalised(refIdx));
				if(diff < 0.4f)
					gain = diff / 0.4f;
				if(isSplit())
				{
					if(getAlpha(n) <= kAlphaDefault) // avoid fleeting flickering animations when alpha is real small
					{
						if(!outIsSize(n))
						{
							// avoid generating a altColor centroid that overlaps with the color one
							// TODO: better place this
							displayValues[n] = {0,0};
						}
						continue;
					}
					if(kAsrDone == asrs[n])
					{
						// if the envelope is done, there's nothing to do here
						// because each centroid visualises a single value and so they'll just be zero
						continue;
					}
					if(outIsSize(n))
					{
						// is size
//#define DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
						// simply relying on asr to determine whether to use altColor
						// is not possible for a size output,
						// as there's no kAsrSustain.
						// so we give it altColor if it has no touch
#ifdef DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
						// or is far enough
						// NOTE: we are using a different, more relaxed "enough" than the one for
						// the asr state machine as well as some hysteresis to prevent flickering
						static std::array<bool,kNumOutChannels> isAlt {};
#endif //DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
						if(!hasActualTouch
#ifdef DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
							|| (isAlt[n] && std::abs(osd) > 0.1)
							|| (!isAlt[n] && std::abs(osd) > 0.001)
#endif //DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
							)
						{
							colors[n] = altColor;
						}
#ifdef DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE
						isAlt[n] = altColor == colors[n];
#endif //DIRECT_CONTROL_OSD_FOR_COLOR_ON_SIZE

						displayValues[n].size = getOutputReverseMap(n);
					} else {
						// is position
						if(locationShouldAltViz(n))
							colors[n] = altColor.scaledBy(gain);
						displayValues[n].location = getOutputReverseMap(n);
						// if a split is location, we give it a dummy small size for viz purposes
						// during attack and release
						float centroidSize = locationShouldAltViz(n) ? kDummySize : kFixedCentroidSize;
						if(kModeSplitLocation == splitMode)
							displayValues[n].size = centroidSize;
						else if(kModeSplitLocationSize == splitMode)
						{
							if(n == asymSplits.location)
								displayValues[n].size = centroidSize;
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// no split
					if(kNumOutChannels - 1 != n) // we rely on both asrs to be ready here, so we wait until they are all done
						continue;
					if(kAsrDone == asrs[0] && kAsrDone == asrs[1])
						continue;
					if(locationShouldAltViz(0) || (!asrHasTouch && locationShouldAltViz(1)))
						colors[0] = altColor;
					float size = displayValues[0].size;
					// avoid fleeting flickering animations on attack and release when alpha is real small
					if(getAlpha(0) > kAlphaDefault || getAlpha(1) > kAlphaDefault) {
						displayValues[0].location = getOutputReverseMap(0);
						size = getOutputReverseMap(1);
					}
					if(kAsrRelease != asrs[1])
						size *= gain;
					if((getAlpha(0) > kAlphaDefault || asrs[0] == kAsrSustain)
							&& kAsrDone != asrs[0]
							&& (kAsrDone == asrs[1] || kAsrRelease == asrs[1])
						)
					{
						// If size reaches zero before location does (e.g.: because
						// of shorter smoothing or because only location is latched),
						// then there would be no size left to show the location.
						// Here we give it at least a dummy small size for viz purposes.
						size = std::max(size, kDummySize);
					}
					displayValues[0].size = size;
				}
			}
			// do not put anything useful here as we may have continued the loop in the previous block
		}
		renderOut(gManualAnOut, values, displayValues, {true, true}, colors);
		for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
		{
			if(shouldOverrideOuts[n]) {
				// fixup: yet another hack to get something displayed, kNoOutput size output,
				// but valid location output. See TODO above
				gManualAnOut[n] = values[n].location;
			}
		}
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
		{
			if(!outIsSize(n))
			{
				// if touch location, draw current location under the finger
				float size = values[n].size;
				if(isSplit()) // disregard actual touch size if not represented
					size = (values[n].size > 0) * kFixedCentroidSize;

				if((!isSplit() || asymSplits.location == n) && kAutoLatchLocationOnly == autoLatch && LatchProcessor::kLatchAuto == isLatched[n])
						size = std::max(size, kDummySize); // size may have gone to zero if latching location only
				centroid_t centroid = {
						.location = values[n].location,
						.size = size,
				};
				ledSliders.sliders[n].setColor(color);
				ledSliders.sliders[n].setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1, false);
			}
		}
	}
	void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		SplitPerformanceMode::animate(p, l, color, ms);
		if(p.same(autoLatch))
		{
			constexpr uint32_t kInitialDuration = 300;
			constexpr uint32_t kHoldDuration = 600;
			constexpr uint32_t kCombinedDuration = kInitialDuration + kHoldDuration;
			if(ms < 3 * kCombinedDuration)
			{
				size_t n = ms / kCombinedDuration;
				ms %= kCombinedDuration;
				float offset = 0.4f * n;
				float loc = offset + 0.2f * simpleRamp(constrain(ms, 0, kInitialDuration - 1), kInitialDuration);
				float size = kFixedCentroidSize;
				// all viz start with one centroid moving from mid-bottom to mid-top.
				// what follows during "Hold" is the differentiator:
				switch(autoLatch.get())
				{
				case kAutoLatchOff:
					// ... followed by a blank screen
					size *= ms < kInitialDuration;
					break;
				case kAutoLatchBoth:
					// ... followed by a hold
					size *= 1;
					break;
				case kAutoLatchLocationOnly:
					// ... followed by a hold that progressively fades out
					if(ms >= kInitialDuration)
						size *= 1.f - (ms - kInitialDuration) / float(kHoldDuration);
				}
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = loc, .size = size }, color);
			}
		}
	}
	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		PerformanceMode::updated(p);
		if(p.same(splitMode)) {
			M(printf("DirectControlMode: updated splitMode: %d\n\r", splitMode.get()));
			setup(-1);
		}
		else if (p.same(autoLatch)) {
			M(printf("DirectControlMode: updated autoLatch: %d\n\r", autoLatch.get()));
		}
		else {
			for(size_t n = 0; n < smooths.size(); ++n)
			{
				if(p.same(smooths[n]))
				{
					constexpr float SAMPLE_RATE = 42500;
					constexpr float kDeadZone = 0.03;
					constexpr float kMinTau = 1.f / SAMPLE_RATE / (1.f - kAlphaDefault);
					float val = smooths[n];
					std::array<float,4> divisions = { 0, kDeadZone, 0.4, 0.8 };
					std::array<float,4> values = { kMinTau * 5, 0.8, 9.2, 90 };
					float time = 0;
					float sum = 0;
					for(size_t n = 0; n < divisions.size(); ++n)
					{
						float start = divisions[n];
						float stop = n < divisions.size() - 1 ? divisions[n + 1] : 1.0000001;
						if(val >= start && val < stop)
						{
							if(0 == n)
							{
								// dead zone
								time = values[0];
							} else {
								stop = constrain(stop, 0, 1);
								float norm = mapAndConstrain(val, start, stop, 0, 1);
								time = sum + values[n] * norm * norm;
							}
							break;
						}
						sum += values[n];
					}
					float tau = time / 5;
					alphas[n] = 1.f - (1.f / SAMPLE_RATE / tau);
					M(printf("DirectControlMode: %.4fs -> %0.10f\n\r", tau, alphas[n]));
				}
			}
		}
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(splitMode), MP(autoLatch), MP(smooths));
	}
	DirectControlMode() :
		SplitPerformanceMode(kRgbRed),
		presetFieldData{
			.ioRanges = ioRangesParameters,
			.splitMode = splitMode,
			.autoLatch = autoLatch,
			.smooths = { ENUMERATE_ARRAY_4(smooths), },
		}
	{
		parameters = {{splitMode, autoLatch, ENUMERATE_ARRAY_4(smooths)}};
		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(splitMode), MP(autoLatch), MP(smooths)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(splitMode), MP(autoLatch), MP(smooths)),
		};
		presetDescSet(0, &presetDesc);
	}
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		if(0 == idx)
			return &this->color;
		return nullptr;
	}
	// splitMode from base class
	ParameterEnumT<3> autoLatch{this, kAutoLatchOff};
	static constexpr size_t kNumSmooths = 4;
	std::array<ParameterContinuous,kNumSmooths> smooths {{
		{this, 0},
		{this, 0},
		{this, 0},
		{this, 0},
	}};
	struct PresetFieldData_t {
		IoRanges ioRanges;
		uint8_t splitMode;
		uint8_t autoLatch;
		std::array<float,kNumSmooths> smooths;
	} presetFieldData;
private:
	float getAlpha(size_t n)
	{
		float alpha = 0;
		static_assert(kNumOutChannels * 2 ==  std::tuple_size<decltype(alphas)>::value, "indexing below wouldn't work");
		// select alpha based on state
		switch(asrs[n])
		{
		case kAsrAttack:
			alpha = alphas[2 * n];
			break;
		case kAsrSustain:
			alpha = kAlphaDefault;
			break;
		case kAsrRelease:
			alpha = alphas[2 * n + 1];
			break;
		case kAsrDone:
			alpha = 0;
			break;
		}
		return alpha;
	}
	bool locationShouldAltViz(size_t n) const
	{
		// more relaxed "closeEnough" for viz only
		// we use this for turning the color to default whenever we are visually "close enough"
		// to it, to avoid agonizing slow approach
		bool closeEnoughAltColor = std::abs(getOutputSmoothDiff(n)) > 0.0005;
		return (kAsrAttack == asrs[n] && closeEnoughAltColor)
				|| kAsrRelease == asrs[n];
	}
	bool hasSizeOutput()
	{
		return kModeSplitLocation != splitMode;
	}
	bool shouldAutoLatchSize()
	{
		return kAutoLatchBoth == autoLatch;
	}
	bool shouldAutoLatch()
	{
		return kAutoLatchOff != autoLatch;
	}
	rgb_t color = kRgbRed;
	bool pastAnalogInHigh = false;
	LatchProcessor latchProcessor;
	std::array<LatchProcessor::Reason,2> isLatched = {LatchProcessor::kLatchNone, LatchProcessor::kLatchNone};
	uint32_t lastLatchCount = ButtonView::kPressIdInvalid;
	std::array<float,kNumSmooths> alphas;
	enum AsrState {
		kAsrAttack,
		kAsrSustain,
		kAsrRelease,
		kAsrDone,
	};
	std::array<AsrState,kNumSplits> asrs;
} gDirectControlMode;
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE

static float linearInterpolation(float frac, float pastValue, float value)
{
	return (1.f - frac) * pastValue + frac * value;
}

static inline float vToFreq(float volts, float baseFreq)
{
	float semitones = volts * 12.f; // 1V/oct
	//TODO: use an optimised version of powf() so it can run more often cheaper
	return powf(2, semitones / 12.f) * baseFreq;
}

static inline float normToVfs(float in)
{
	return in * 15.f - 5.f;
}

static inline float inToV(float in)
{
	// checks to ensure we make sense
	assert(true == gInUsesCalibration);
	assert(false == gInUsesRange); // would be meaningless otherwise
	return normToVfs(in);
}

static inline float vToOut(float v, bool allowUnsafe = false)
{
	if(!allowUnsafe)
	{
		// checks to ensure we make sense
		assert(true == gOutUsesCalibration);
		assert(false == gOutUsesRange[0] || false == gOutUsesRange[1]); // TODO: should check the specific channel
	}
	return (v + 5.f) / 15.f;
}

static inline float normToSemi(float in)
{
	return in * 15.f * 12.f;
}

static inline float semiToNorm(float in)
{
	return in / 15.f / 12.f;
}

static inline float quantiseToSemitones(float norm)
{
	return semiToNorm(int(normToSemi(norm) + 0.5f));
}
enum TreatNoOutput {
	kTreatAssumeNot,
	kTreatPassThrough,
	kTreatAsZero,
};
template<typename T>
static float interpolatedRead(const T* table, size_t size, float idx, TreatNoOutput treat = kTreatAssumeNot)
{
	// workaround because I can't get decltype(table[0]) to work
	static auto dummy = table[0];
	constexpr bool isSameAsRecorder = std::is_same<decltype(dummy), RecorderSampleT>::value;
	constexpr bool isFloat = std::is_floating_point_v<decltype(dummy)>;
	static_assert((isSameAsRecorder || isFloat), "Invalid type to interpolatedRead()");

	float n = size * idx;
	size_t prev = size_t(n);
	size_t next = size_t(n + 1);
	if(prev >= size) // idx was out of range
		prev = size - 1;
	if(next >= size)
		next = 0; // could be we are at the end of table
	float frac = n - prev;
	float pr;
	float ne;
	if constexpr(isSameAsRecorder)
	{
		pr = GestureRecorder::recorderToFloat(table[prev]);
		ne = GestureRecorder::recorderToFloat(table[next]);
	} else {
		pr = table[prev];
		ne = table[next];
	}
	if(kNoOutput == pr || kNoOutput == ne)
	{
		switch(treat)
		{
		case kTreatAssumeNot:
			// nothing to do
			break;
		case kTreatPassThrough:
			return frac < 0.5 ? pr : ne;
			break;
		case kTreatAsZero:
			if(kNoOutput == pr)
				pr = 0;
			else if(kNoOutput == ne)
				ne = 0;
			break;
		}
	}
	float value = linearInterpolation(frac, pr, ne);
	return value;
}

template <typename T>
static float interpolatedRead(const T& table, float idx, TreatNoOutput treat = kTreatAssumeNot)
{
	return interpolatedRead(table.data(), table.size(), idx, treat);
}

static inline float getBlinkPeriod(BelaContext* context, bool lessIntrusive)
{
	float ceiling = lessIntrusive ? 60 : 80;
	float periodMs = gClockPeriod * 1000.f / context->analogSampleRate;
	float ms = std::min(ceiling, periodMs / 4.f);
	if(lessIntrusive && periodMs < 75)
		ms = 0; // suppress when too short/fast
	return ms;
}

static void overlayRangeInit(const rgb_t& color, bool autoExit, ParameterContinuous* paramBottom, ParameterContinuous* paramTop);
static void overlayRangeProcess(CentroidDetectionScaled& inputSlider, LedSlider& ledSlider, bool isNew);

#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
class RecorderMode : public SplitPerformanceMode {
public:
	enum InputMode {
		kInputModeLfo,
		kInputModeEnvelope,
		kInputModeClock,
		kInputModeCv,
		kInputModePhasor,
		kInputModeNum,
	};
	enum FlashReason {
		kFlashNone,
		kFlashErased,
		kFlashRestarted, // currently unhandled
	};
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		twis = {};
		reinitInputModeClock();
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlock);
		hadTouch.fill(false);
		recordingStopsWithButton.fill(false);
		idxFrac = 0;
		ignoredTouch.fill(TouchTracker::kIdInvalid);
		buttonBlinksIgnored = 0;
		setupSliders(color, ms);
		if(ms < 0)
			return true;
		// opening animation
		// single point whips from the bottom, to the top, and back to the bottom
		constexpr float kAnimationDuration = animationDuration(1600);
		float phase = 2.f * ms / kAnimationDuration;
		float loc = phase < 1 ? phase : 2.f - phase;
		float size = kFixedCentroidSize;
		for(auto l : { &ledSliders, &ledSlidersAlt})
		{
			l->sliders[0].directBegin();
			l->sliders[0].directWriteCentroid({ .location = loc, .size = size }, color);
		}
		return ms > kAnimationDuration;
	}
	bool buttonTriggers(){
		return kInputModeLfo == inputMode || kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode;
	}
	bool modeAllowsCircular()
	{
		return kInputModeCv == inputMode || kInputModePhasor == inputMode;
	}
	ArrayView<const GestureRecorder::sample_t> getTable(size_t c)
	{
		auto& t = gGestureRecorder.rs[c].r;
		auto* ptr = t.first();
		size_t size = t.size();
		if(modeAllowsCircular())
		{
			size_t start = map(trimRangeBottom, 0, 1, 0, size);
			size_t stop = map(trimRangeTop, 0, 1, 0, size);
			if(start <= stop)
			{
				ptr += start;
				size = stop - start;
			}
		}
		return { ptr, size };
	}

	void finaliseTrim()
	{
		for(size_t n = 0; n < gGestureRecorder.rs.size(); ++n)
			 gGestureRecorder.rs[n].r.trim(trimRangeBottom, trimRangeTop);
		trimRangeBottom.set(0);
		trimRangeTop.set(1);
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
		{
			gModeWantsInteractionPreMenu = true;
			if(isSplit())
				gModeWantsMenuDelay = true;
		}
		if(!buttonTriggers()) // we need to allow for fast repeated presses when the button triggers
			performanceBtn = ButtonViewSimplify(performanceBtn);
		if(!areRecording())
		{
			bool newinputModeClockIsButton = !clockInIsActive(context);
			if(newinputModeClockIsButton != inputModeClockIsButton)
			{
				reinitInputModeClock();
				if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
				{
					// only display it if relevant to the current mode
					if(newinputModeClockIsButton)
						tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 60);
				}
				inputModeClockIsButton = newinputModeClockIsButton;
			}
		}
		// set global states
		switch(inputMode.get())
		{
		default:
			gInUsesRange = false; // we need actual voltage here for trigger in
			break;
		case kInputModePhasor:
			gInUsesRange = true;
		}

		// handle analog ins
		int edgeFound = 0;
		size_t edgeFrame = 0;
		bool analogInHigh = false;
		// find at most one edge
		for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
		{
			analogInHigh = analogRead(context, n, 0) > kTriggerInOnThreshold;
			bool past = pastAnalogInHigh;
			pastAnalogInHigh = analogInHigh;
			if(analogInHigh != past)
			{
				edgeFound = analogInHigh - past;
				edgeFrame = n;
				// in case of edge, we ignore all remaining samples:
				// we only can handle one edge per frame
				break;
			}
		}
		bool analogRisingEdge = 1 == edgeFound;
		bool analogFallingEdge = -1 == edgeFound;
		// if we have a rising edge, use that for timing purposes, otherwise just use the middle of the block
		currentSamples = context->audioFramesElapsed + (analogRisingEdge ? edgeFrame : context->analogFrames / 2);
		if(analogRisingEdge)
		{
			lastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples = currentSamples;
		}
		uint64_t lateSamples = currentSamples - lastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples;

		enum StopMode {
			kStopNone = 0,
			kStopNowOnEdge, // stopping now and we are on an edge
			kStopNowLate, // stopping now and the edge has passed
		};
		std::array<StopMode,kNumSplits> qrecStopNow {kStopNone, kStopNone};
		std::array<RecordingMode,kNumSplits> qrecStartNow {kRecNone , kRecNone};

		bool circularShouldReset = false;
		bool touchPresent = false;
		for(auto& t: hadTouch)
		{
			if(t)
				touchPresent = true;
		}
		// always allow to erase if there is at least one touch present
		bool eraseOnTriple = touchPresent;
		bool eraseOnHold = touchPresent;
		switch(inputMode.get())
		{
		case kInputModeLfo:
			// fast clicks are a performance gesture
			eraseOnHold = true;
			break;
		case kInputModeEnvelope:
			// holding or fast clicks are a performance gesture
			break;
		case kInputModeClock:
		case kInputModeCv:
		case kInputModePhasor:
		default:
			eraseOnHold = true;
			eraseOnTriple = true;
		}
		// handle erasing via button
		if(
				(eraseOnHold && performanceBtn.pressDuration == msToNumBlocks(context, 3000))
				|| (eraseOnTriple && performanceBtn.tripleClick)
			)
		{
			recordingStopsWithButton.fill(false);
			std::array<bool,kNumSplits> shouldClear {};
			if(isSplit()) {
				// if it's split, allow to delete only one of the two if you have a finger on it
				bool zeroTouches = true;
				for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
				{
					if(hadTouch[n]) // using old touch as we haven't processed the new ones yet, but it's good enough
					{
						shouldClear[n] = true;
						zeroTouches = false;
						if(kInputModeClock != inputMode)
						{
							// if in a mode where this finger would immediately trigger a new recording, ignore it
							ignoredTouch[n] = twis[n].id;
						}
					}
				}
				// or do them both
				if(zeroTouches)
					shouldClear.fill(true);
			}
			else
				shouldClear.fill(true);
			for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
			{
				 // the semantic of n in this loop is slightly confusing as
				// it refers to both splits and recorders... but it should be innocuous for now
				if(shouldClear[n])
				{
					emptyRecordings(n);
					// also clear the untouched recording or it will eventually fill up
					gGestureRecorder.empty(!n + 2);
					flashRequest(n, kFlashErased);
				}
			}
			// TODO: circularmodes will only be erased via long press if they are not
			// in trimming mode, as that's technically inside a menu
			// and so we won't get the button press here at all

			// clear possible side effects of previous press:
			circularShouldReset = true;
			reinitInputModeClock();
			lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 300);
		}
		bool triggerNow = false;
		if(performanceBtn.doubleClick)
		{
			// synced recording is broken when no input clock, so the easiest thing is to prohibit it
			// as we do here
			// TODO: fix it if useful and re-enable it
			if(kInputModeClock == inputMode && !inputModeClockIsButton)
			{
				for(auto& qrec : qrecs)
				{
					if(kArmedForStart == qrec.armedFor || qrec.recording)
					{
						if(kRecActual == qrec.recording){
							// probably just started recording because between
							// the first click and the double click a new clock edge
							// came in
							printf("sync when %d\n\r", qrec.periodsInRecording);
						}
						qrec.armedFor = kArmedForStartSynced;
						qrec.recording = kRecNone;
					}
				}
				lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
			}
		}
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> stopRecording {};
		if(performanceBtn.onset)
		{
			if(kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode || kInputModeLfo == inputMode)
			{
				for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
				{
					if(gGestureRecorder.isRecording(n))
					{
						if(kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode)
						{
							// if a button is pressed while recording
							// we use this intermediate point to act as
							// a separator between attack and release when playing back
							envelopeReleaseStarts[n] = gGestureRecorder.rs[n].r.size();
							lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
							tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 150);
						} else if(kInputModeLfo == inputMode)
						{
							if(recordingStopsWithButton[n])
							{
								stopRecording[n] = true;
								lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
							} else
							{
								// if a button is pressed while recording
								// we request that the button is used again to stop the recording
								recordingStopsWithButton[n] = true;
								tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 150);
								lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
							}
						}
					} else {
						// if not recording, on button press we
						// start the attack section of the envelope
						// NOTE: all other modes use the button offset
						// instead to minimise interaction with menu entering.
						// TODO: decide if this is really the best
						triggerNow = true;
						// we DO NOT ignore this press as we are interested
						// in getting its offset, too for triggering the release phase

						// blink button
						tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 1, 150);
					}
				}
			} else
			if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
			{
				if(inputModeClockIsButton)
				{
					// if clock in is disabled, button onset triggers immediate start or stop of recording
					lastIgnoredPressId = performanceBtn.pressId;
					if(areRecording()){
						for(size_t n = 0; n < qrecs.size(); ++n)
						{
							if(isRecording(n))
								qrecStopNow[n] = kStopNowOnEdge;
						}
					} else {
						qrecStartNow.fill(kRecOnButton);
					}
				} else {
					// how late can a button press be to be considered as
					// belonging to the previous edge
					// this is clock-dependent with an upper limit
					uint64_t maxDelaySamples = std::min(gClockPeriod * 0.25f, 0.2f * context->analogSampleRate);
					bool closeEnough = (lateSamples < maxDelaySamples);
					for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
					{
						auto& qrec = qrecs[n];
						if(closeEnough && 0 == n)
							S(printf("C %.3fs\n\r", lateSamples / context->analogSampleRate));
						switch(qrec.recording)
						{
						case kRecOnButton:
							// normally lastIgnoredPressId will make sure we don't get here
							// however, we may in case the clock started again since the recording started.
							// In that case, ignore
							break;
						case kRecTentative:
							// a button press came in slightly late, but we let it
							// pass through as if it had arrived on time,
							// given how we are already tentatively recording
							if(closeEnough)
							{
								qrec.recording = kRecActual;
								break;
							}
							// otherwise arm for recording on next edge
							qrec.recording = kRecNone;
							// NOBREAK
						case kRecNone:
							qrec.armedFor = kArmedForStart;
							break;
						case kRecActual:
							if(closeEnough && !qrec.isSynced)
							{
								qrecStopNow[n] = kStopNowLate;
							} else {
								// wait for next edge
								qrec.armedFor = kArmedForStop;
							}
							break;
						} // switch qrec.recording
					} // for kNumSplts
				}
			}
		}
		bool shouldLedSliderWork = true;
		if(modeAllowsCircular())
		{
			CircularMode nextCircularMode = circularMode;
			if(performanceBtn.offset && lastIgnoredPressId != performanceBtn.pressId)
			{
				// NOTE: This won't be hit when exiting trimming as that's swallowed by menuBtn,
				// hence the above workaround
				nextCircularMode = CircularMode((int)circularMode + 1);
				if(nextCircularMode >= kCircularModeNum)
					nextCircularMode = kCircularModeNew;

			}
			if(circularShouldReset)
				nextCircularMode = kCircularModeNew;
			if(circularMode != nextCircularMode)
			{
				if(kCircularModeTrim == nextCircularMode)
					overlayRangeInit(kRgbGreen, false, &trimRangeBottom, &trimRangeTop);
			}
			circularMode = nextCircularMode;
			if(kCircularModeTrim == circularMode)
				shouldLedSliderWork = false;
		}

		if(gAlt && kInputModeClock == inputMode && areRecording())
		{
			// We got into menu while recording.
			// This means that the keypress that triggered the recording onset has been used to
			// enter the menu. Clear its side effects
			reinitInputModeClock();
			gGestureRecorder.empty(2);
			gGestureRecorder.empty(3);
			for(size_t n = 0; n < twis.size(); ++n)
				ignoredTouch[n] = getId(twis, n);
		}
		// EG + Gate mode
		if(kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode && (envelopeReleaseStarts[0] > 0 || envelopeReleaseStarts[1] > 0) && performanceBtn.pressed)
		{
			// hold LED as long as button is down
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 1);
		}
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> releaseStarts {false, false};
		if(performanceBtn.offset && performanceBtn.pressId != lastIgnoredPressId)
		{
			switch(inputMode.get())
			{
			case kInputModeEnvelope:
					tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kOff, TRI::kR);
					for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
						if(envelopeReleaseStarts[n] >= 0)
							releaseStarts[n] = true;
				break;
			} // switch inputMode
		}
		bool redButtonIsOn = false;
		if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
			redButtonIsOn = qrecs[0].armedFor || qrecs[1].armedFor || areRecording();
		else
			redButtonIsOn = gGestureRecorder.isRecording(0) || gGestureRecorder.isRecording(1);
		if(kCircularModeOverwrite == circularMode && !redButtonIsOn) {
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR);
		} else if(kCircularModeTrim == circularMode) {
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG);
		} else
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, redButtonIsOn * 0.6f);

		bool gate = false;
		if(inputMode == kInputModeEnvelope)
		{
			gate = analogInHigh || performanceBtn.pressed;
		}
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> qrecResetPhase { false, false };
		size_t recordOffset = 0;
		if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
			recordOffset += GestureRecorder::kNumRecs / 2;

		bool inputIsTrigger = false;
		if(analogRisingEdge)
		{
			inputIsTrigger = true; // may be overridden below
			switch(inputMode.get())
			{
				default:
					inputIsTrigger = false;
					break;
				case kInputModeLfo:
				case kInputModeEnvelope:
					triggerNow = true;
					break;
				case kInputModeClock:
				{
					for(size_t n = 0; n < qrecs.size(); ++n)
					{
						auto& qrec = qrecs[n];
						// process periods
						if(kRecNone != qrec.recording)
							qrec.periodsInRecording++;
						qrec.periodsInPlayback++;
						if(qrec.periodsInPlayback >= periodsInTables[n])
							qrecResetPhase[n] = true;
					}
					// now process armed, which may use the periods processed above
					for(size_t n = 0; n < qrecs.size(); ++n)
					{
						auto& qrec = qrecs[n];
						bool isSynced = false;
						size_t ref;
						if(isSplit())
							ref = !n; // sync to the other split
						else
							ref = n; // sync to itself
						// TODO: this if should be part of the switch below?
						if(kArmedForStartSynced == qrec.armedFor)
						{
							if(qrecResetPhase[ref]) {
								qrec.armedFor = kArmedForStart;
								isSynced = true;
							}
						}
						switch(qrec.armedFor)
						{
						case kArmedForStart:
							qrec.armedFor = kArmedForNone;
							qrec.isSynced = isSynced;
							qrecStartNow[n] = kRecActual;
							break;
						case kArmedForStop:
						{
							bool thisShouldStop = kStopNowOnEdge;
							bool refShouldStop = kStopNone;
							if(qrec.isSynced)
							{
								// only stop recording if on a multiple
								if(0 == qrec.periodsInRecording % periodsInTables[ref])
								{
									if(isSplit()) // both stop
										refShouldStop = true;
								} else {
									thisShouldStop = false;
								}
							}
							if(thisShouldStop)
							{
								qrec.armedFor = kArmedForNone;
								qrecStopNow[n] = kStopNowOnEdge;
							}
							if(refShouldStop)
							{
								qrecs[ref].armedFor = kArmedForNone;
								qrecStopNow[ref] = kStopNowOnEdge;
							}
						}
							break;
						default:
							if(kRecNone == qrec.recording || kRecTentative == qrec.recording)
							{
								// start a tentative recording that will only be validated
								// if a button press comes in in the next few milliseconds
								qrecStartNow[n] = kRecTentative;
								qrec.periodsInRecording = 0;
							}
							break;
						}
						if(kRecActual == qrec.recording|| kRecTentative == qrec.recording)
						{
							qrec.recCounterAtLastEdge = gGestureRecorder.rs[n + recordOffset].recCounter;
							qrec.recSizeAtLastEdge = gGestureRecorder.rs[n + recordOffset].r.size();
						}
					}
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		if(inputIsTrigger || gate || triggerNow)
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kY, 1, gate ? 10 : getBlinkPeriod(context, redButtonIsOn));
		if(analogFallingEdge)
		{
			if(kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode) {
				for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
				{
					if(envelopeReleaseStarts[n] >= 0)
						releaseStarts[n] = true;
				}
			}
		}
		if(shouldLedSliderWork)
			touchTrackerSplit(gTouchTracker, globalSlider, ledSliders.isTouchEnabled() && frameData->isNew, ledSliders, 1, twis.data());
		else
			twis = {};
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
			twis[n].touch = processSize(twis[n].touch, n);
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> hasTouch;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
		{
			auto id = getId(twis, n);
			bool touchInvalid = (TouchTracker::kIdInvalid == id) || (id == ignoredTouch[n]);
			hasTouch[n] = !touchInvalid;
		}

		// control start/stop recording
		if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
		{
			// start/stop recording based on qrec and input edges
			for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
			{
				auto& qrec = qrecs[n];
				if(kRecNone != qrec.recording && gGestureRecorder.rs[n + recordOffset].r.full)
				{
					// if the recorder's buffer is full,
					// stop recording aligned to past edge if appropriate, or right now
					if(kRecOnButton == qrec.recording)
						qrecStopNow[n] = kStopNowOnEdge;
					else {
						qrecStopNow[n] = qrec.periodsInRecording ? kStopNowLate : kStopNowOnEdge;
					}
					qrec.armedFor = kArmedForNone;
				}

				if(qrecStartNow[n])
				{
					gGestureRecorder.startRecording(n + recordOffset, false);
					envelopeReleaseStarts[n] = -1;
					qrec.recording = qrecStartNow[n];
					qrec.periodsInRecording = 0;
					qrec.framesAtStart = currentSamples;
				}
				float phaseOffset = 0;
				if(kStopNone != qrecStopNow[n])
				{
					if(kStopNowLate == qrecStopNow[n])
					{
						// the edge has passed already. First we need to
						// shorten the recording discarding the last few frames
						gGestureRecorder.trimTo(n + recordOffset, qrec.recCounterAtLastEdge, qrec.recSizeAtLastEdge);
					}
					bool valid = true;
					if(kRecTentative == qrec.recording)
						valid = false;
					if(isSplit())
					{
						// if non split, always keep the new one. If split, only keep if something was recorded onto it
						if(!gGestureRecorder.rs[n + recordOffset].activity)
							valid = false;
					}
					gGestureRecorder.stopRecording(n + recordOffset, false);
					if(valid)
					{
						qrec.recordedAs = qrec.recording;
						qrec.framesInRecording = currentSamples - qrec.framesAtStart;
						gGestureRecorder.rs.swap(n, n + recordOffset);
						if(kRecOnButton == qrec.recordedAs)
						{
							// this will also be played back at fixed speed
							periodsInTables[n] = 1;
						} else {
							periodsInTables[n] = std::max(1u, qrec.periodsInRecording);
						}
						qrecResetPhase[n] = true;
						qrec.periodsInPlayback = 0;
						S(printf("%u periods\n\r", periodsInTables[n]));
						if(kStopNowLate == qrecStopNow[n])
						{
							// adjust the phase to make up for the lost time
							float normFreq = getOscillatorFreq(context, n) / context->analogSampleRate;
							phaseOffset = lateSamples * normFreq;
						}
					}
					qrec.recording = kRecNone;
				}
				// keep oscillators in phase with external clock pulses
				if(qrecResetPhase[n]) {
					oscs[n].setPhase(phaseOffset);
					qrec.periodsInPlayback = 0;
				} else {
					if(analogRisingEdge)
					{
						// we are using high-precision phase in the oscillators,
						// so phase drift is minimal when the input is a steady clock.
						// Regardless, we hard reset the phase on each incoming clock edge
						// so that we can respond faster to changes in the speed of the input clock
						float idx = qrec.periodsInPlayback / float(periodsInTables[n]);
						float expPhase = idx;
						oscs[n].setPhase(expPhase);
					}
				}
			}

		} else {
			// start/stop recording based on touch (or button if recordingStopsWithButton)

			// We have two recording tracks available, one per each analog output.
			// We are always using both tracks and the loop below controls automatic
			// recording start/stop per each track, based on the presence/absence of touch.
			// If we are split, the start/stop logic is separate for each track/split, each
			// following its own touch.
			// If we are not-split, then they both follow the same touch.
			if(!isSplit())
				hasTouch[1] = hasTouch[0]; // the second track follows the same touch as the first one
			for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
			{
				if(hasTouch[n] != hadTouch[n] && !recordingStopsWithButton[n]) //state change
				{
					if(1 == hasTouch[n] && 0 == hadTouch[n]) { // going from 0 to 1 touch: start recording
						// starting a new recording
						// reset trim endpoints (do not finaliseTrim() to avoid affecting the other split's recording)
						trimRangeBottom.set(0);
						trimRangeTop.set(1);
						bool preserveSize = false;
						if(modeAllowsCircular() && kCircularModeOverwrite == circularMode)
						{
							// if we already have a recording and are in circular mode we start overwriting
							// the wavetable from the beginning while keeping the fixed size
							if(gGestureRecorder.rs[n].r.size())
								preserveSize = true;
						}
						gGestureRecorder.startRecording(n, preserveSize);
						envelopeReleaseStarts[n] = -1;
					} else if(0 == hasTouch[n]) {
						// going to 0 touches
						stopRecording[n] = true;
					}
				}
				if(stopRecording[n] && gGestureRecorder.isRecording(n))
				{
					// if this is size and we are looping:
					// overwrite last few values in buffer to avoid
					// discontinuity on release
					bool optimizeForLoop = isSize(n) && (kInputModeLfo == inputMode);
					gGestureRecorder.stopRecording(n, optimizeForLoop);
					periodsInTables[n] = 1;
					recordingStopsWithButton[n] = false;
				}
			}
		}
		hadTouch = hasTouch;

		GestureRecorder::Gesture_t gesture; // used for visualization
		std::array<float,kNumSplits> recIns;

		centroid_t t0 = touchOrNot(twis[0].touch);
		centroid_t t1 = touchOrNot(twis[1].touch);
		switch(splitMode)
		{
		case kModeNoSplit:
			recIns[0] = t0.location;
			recIns[1] = t0.size;
			break;
		case kModeSplitLocation:
			recIns[0] = t0.location;
			recIns[1] = t1.location;
			break;
		case kModeSplitSize:
			recIns[0] = t0.size;
			recIns[1] = t1.size;
			break;
		case kModeSplitLocationSize:
			recIns[0] = 0 == asymSplits.location ? t0.location : t0.size;
			recIns[1] = 1 == asymSplits.size ? t1.size : t1.location;
			break;
		}
		bool muteSizeOutputForGate = false;
		// gesture may be overwritten below before it is visualised
		for(size_t n = 0; n < recIns.size(); ++n)
		{
			size_t idx = n;
			if(gGestureRecorder.isRecording(n + recordOffset))
				idx += recordOffset;
			if(kInputModeLfo == inputMode || kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode || gGestureRecorder.isRecording(idx))
			{
				bool autoRetrigger = (kInputModeLfo == inputMode);
				ssize_t freezeAt = -1;
				if(kInputModeEnvelope == inputMode)
				{
					bool hangAtEndOfAttackOnShortGate = false;
					// how to deal with a gate that is shorter than the attack
					if(hangAtEndOfAttackOnShortGate)
					{
						// hang at the end of attack
						freezeAt = envelopeReleaseStarts[n];
					} else {
						// play through attack and release
						freezeAt = envelopeReleaseStarts[n];
						if(!gate) // if gate is off, allow release
							releaseStarts[n] = true;
					}
					// never jump to release: only get there if already frozen
					if(releaseStarts[n] && gGestureRecorder.rs[idx].frozen)
						gGestureRecorder.resumePlaybackFrom(n, envelopeReleaseStarts[n]);
				}
				gesture[n] = gGestureRecorder.process(idx, recIns[n], frameData->id, autoRetrigger, triggerNow, freezeAt);
				size_t gestureSize = gGestureRecorder.rs[idx].r.size();
				if(gestureSize && !gGestureRecorder.isRecording(idx))
				{
					double playHead = gGestureRecorder.rs[idx].playHead;
					if(playHead < 0.5)
					{
						flashRequest(n, kFlashRestarted);
						if(kInputModeLfo == inputMode && kModeNoSplit == splitMode && 1 == n && gestureSize > 1)
						{
							// single slider, lfo. When touch sensitivity is maximum, the bottom output is a
							// constant value (1)
							// Let's make sure we get a "gate-like" signal instead
							// by setting the first few frames of the gesture to 0
							muteSizeOutputForGate = true;
							// NOTE: we could have made it so that we set the _last_ few frames to 0, but that
							// would mean that the first gesture wouldn't get a "gate", so we opt for this even if
							// it leads to a slight offset between gesture starts and gate out
						}
					}
				}
				TouchTracker::Id id = getId(twis, n);
				if(gGestureRecorder.isRecording(idx) && gGestureRecorder.rs[idx].r.full)
				{
					if((isRecording(n) && kInputModeClock == inputMode) || (ignoredTouch[n] != id && TouchTracker::kIdInvalid != id))
					{
						ignoredTouch[n] = id;
						tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 15);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> directControl = { false, false };
		switch(inputMode)
		{
		case kInputModeLfo:
		case kInputModeEnvelope:
			gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlock);
			break;
		case kInputModeClock:
			for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
			{
				// if actually doing something while recording, pass through current touch
				if(isRecording(n) && gGestureRecorder.rs[n + recordOffset].activity)
					directControl[n] = true;
				// if a finger is on the sensor and we are not recording, pass through current touch
				if(hasTouch[n])
					directControl[n] = true;
				centroid_t touch = touchOrNot(twis[n].touch);
				if(isSplit()) {
					if(directControl[n])
					{
						gOutMode[n] = kOutModeManualBlock;
						float sample = 0;
						switch(splitMode.get())
						{
						case kModeSplitLocation:
							sample = touch.location;
							break;
						case kModeSplitSize:
							sample = touch.size;
							break;
						case kModeSplitLocationSize:
							if(asymSplits.location == n)
								sample = touch.location;
							else if(asymSplits.size == n)
								sample = touch.size;
							break;
						}
						gesture[n] = GestureRecorder::HalfGesture_t {
							.sample = sample,
							.valid = true,
						};
					} else // otherwise, keep playing back from table
						gOutMode[n] = kOutModeManualSampleSmoothed;
				} else {
					// non split
					directControl[1] = directControl[n];
					if(directControl[n])
					{
						gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlock);
						gesture[0] = { touch.location, true };
						gesture[1] = { touch.size, true };
					} else
						gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSampleSmoothed);
				}
			}
			break;
		default:
			gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		}
		for(unsigned int n = 0; n < kNumSplits; ++n)
		{
			if(kOutModeManualBlock != gOutMode[n])
			{
				float value = processTable(context, n);
				gesture[n] = GestureRecorder::HalfGesture_t {.sample = value, .valid = true};
			} else {
				if(kInputModeClock == inputMode && directControl[n])
				{
					// we still have to processTable() just to ensure
					// the oscillator stay in phase.
					// outputs will actually be written here but they will
					// be overwritten in tr_render() because of gOutMode
					processTable(context, n);
				}
				// gesture is already set elsewhere
			}
		}
		static constexpr centroid_t kInvalid = {0, 0};
		// visualise
		std::array<centroid_t,kNumSplits> vizValues;
		std::array<bool,2> isSizeOnly = {
				kModeSplitSize == splitMode || (kModeSplitLocationSize == splitMode && 0 == asymSplits.size),
				kModeSplitSize == splitMode || (kModeSplitLocationSize == splitMode && 1 == asymSplits.size),
		};
		if(isSplit()){
			for(size_t n = 0; n < gesture.size(); ++n)
			{
				if(gesture[n].valid)
				{
					vizValues[n].location = gesture[n].sample;
					vizValues[n].size = isSizeOnly[n] ? gesture[n].sample : kFixedCentroidSize;
				} else {
					vizValues[n] = kInvalid;
				}
			}
		} else {
			if(gesture.first.valid && gesture.second.valid)
			{
				vizValues[0].location = gesture.first.sample;
				vizValues[0].size = gesture.second.sample;
			} else
				vizValues[0] = kInvalid;
		}
		std::array<bool,kNumSplits> preserveSplitLocationSize {};
		if(kInputModeCv == inputMode)
		{
			// in order to visualise something meaningful, we show a fixed-period
			// visualisation of the content of the table
			static constexpr float kDisplayPeriod = 2; // seconds
			for(size_t c = 0; c < currentSplits(); ++c)
			{
				if(stopRecording[c])
				{
					// one recorder just stopped recording:
					// reset phase so we show the full waveform
					idxFrac = 0;
				}
				if(TouchTracker::kIdInvalid == getId(twis, c))
				{
					preserveSplitLocationSize[c] = true;
					const auto table = getTable(c);
					vizValues[c] = {};
					if(table.size())
					{
						// visualise with fix period
						vizValues[c].location = interpolatedRead(table, idxFrac, kTreatPassThrough);
						if(isSplit())
						{
							vizValues[c].size = isSizeOnly[c] ? vizValues[c].location : kFixedCentroidSize;
						} else {
							// be explicit about indeces here, as we are only here if c == 0
							const auto table = getTable(1);
							if(table.size())
								vizValues[0].size = interpolatedRead(table, idxFrac, kTreatPassThrough);
							else // shouldn't get here
								vizValues[0].size = kFixedCentroidSize;
						}
						// animate the centroid so you can tell it's not "real" but fixed period
						vizValues[c].size *= 0.1f + 0.9f * simpleTriangle(context->audioFramesElapsed, unsigned(context->analogSampleRate * 0.1f));
					}
				} else {
					// visualise current touch
					vizValues[c] = twis[c].touch;
				}
			}
			idxFrac += (context->analogFrames) / (context->analogSampleRate) / kDisplayPeriod;
			while(idxFrac >= 1)
				idxFrac -= 1;
		}
		if(kInputModePhasor == inputMode)
		{
			if(kCircularModeNew == circularMode)
			{
				for(size_t c = 0; c < currentSplits(); ++c)
				{
					// follow finger position while we are drawing
					// this is decoupled from the actual output (which
					// depends on the current input value), but
					// it is clearer for the user
					if(twis[c].touch.size)
						vizValues[c] = twis[c].touch;
				}
			}
		}
		circularModeViz = vizValues[0].location;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
		{
			rgb_t sliderColor = color;
			ledSliders.sliders[n].setColor(sliderColor);
		}
		// this may set gManualAnOut even if they are ignored
		renderOut(gManualAnOut, vizValues, vizValues, preserveSplitLocationSize, {color, color});
		if(muteSizeOutputForGate)
		{
			gManualAnOut[1] = kNoOutput;
		}
		for(size_t n = 0; n < currentSplits(); ++n)
		{
			// reset the flashes after a timeout
			constexpr float kFlashDuration = 8000;
			if(currentSamples > flashStart[n] + kFlashDuration || flashStart[n] > currentSamples)
				flash[n] = kFlashNone;
			if(!gAlt)
			{
				// blink one or both splits if instructed to do so
				float brightness = 1.f - (currentSamples - flashStart[n]) / kFlashDuration;
				if(kFlashErased == flash[n])
				{
					size_t size = np.getNumPixels() / currentSplits();
					size_t start;
					if(isSplit())
					{
						if(isAsymmetricalSplit())
						{
							size_t shortOne = kAsymmetricalSplitPoint * np.getNumPixels();
							size_t longOne = (1.f - kAsymmetricalSplitPoint) * np.getNumPixels();
							size = n == asymSplits.location ? longOne : shortOne;
							if(1 == asymSplits.location)
							{
								if(0 == n)
									start = 0;
								else
									start = shortOne;
							}
							else
							{
								if(1 == n)
									start = 0;
								else
									start = shortOne;
							}
						} else {
							size_t idx;
							if(1 == asymSplits.location)
								idx = n;
							else
								idx = !n;
							start = idx * size + 1;
						}
					} else
						start = 0;
					for(size_t p = start; p < start + size - 1 && p < np.getNumPixels(); ++p)
					{
						bool isFree = true;
						for(size_t c = 0; c < rgb_t::size(); ++c)
						{
							if(np.getPixelChannel(p, c))
							{
								isFree = false;
								break;
							}
						}
						if(isFree)
							np.setPixelColor(p, kRgbRed.scaledBy(0.2 * brightness));
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if(modeAllowsCircular() && kCircularModeTrim == circularMode)
		{
			assert(!shouldLedSliderWork);
			if(ledSliders.isTouchEnabled())
			{
				// draw overlay endpoints on top of regular visualisation
				overlayRangeProcess(globalSlider, ledSliders.sliders[0], frameData->isNew);
			}
		}
	}

	float processTable(BelaContext* context, unsigned int c)
	{
		assert(c < context->analogOutChannels && c < gGestureRecorder.kNumRecs && c < kNumSplits);
		float vizOut = 0;
		ArrayView table = getTable(c);
		if(!table.size())
		{
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
				analogWriteOnce(context, n, c, kNoOutput);
			vizOut = kNoOutput;

		} else if(kInputModeCv == inputMode || kInputModeClock == inputMode)
		{

			// wavetable oscillator
			float freq;
			if(kInputModeCv == inputMode)
			{
				// input is CV
				float volts = inToV(analogRead(context, 0, 0));
				float baseFreq = 65.40639f; // a C
				freq = vToFreq(volts, baseFreq);
			} else {
				// input is clock
				assert(periodsInTables[c] > 0);
				if(!periodsInTables[c])
					periodsInTables[c] = 1;
				freq = getOscillatorFreq(context, c);
			}
			float normFreq = freq / context->analogSampleRate;
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
			{
					float idx = oscs[c].process(normFreq);
					float value = interpolatedRead(table, idx, kTreatPassThrough);
					analogWriteOnce(context, n, c, value);
					if(kInputModeClock == inputMode && idx * table.size() < 1)
					{
						// flash the split to notify of the reset
						if(!isRecording(c))
							flashRequest(c, kFlashRestarted);
					}

					if(0 == n)
					{
						// for visualisation purposes, avoid
						// interpolation when reading the table
						vizOut = GestureRecorder::recorderToFloat(table[size_t(idx * table.size())]);
					}
			}
		} else if (kInputModePhasor == inputMode) {
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
			{
				float idx = analogRead(context, n, 0);
				{
					float out = interpolatedRead(table, idx, kTreatPassThrough);
					analogWriteOnce(context, n, c, out);
					if(0 == n)
						vizOut = out;
				}
			}
		} else {
			assert(0);
			vizOut = 0;
		}
		// return snapshot for visualisation
		return vizOut;
	}

	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		PerformanceMode::updated(p);
		if(p.same(splitMode)) {
			M(printf("RecorderMode: Updated splitMode: %d\n\r", splitMode.get()));
			setup(-1);
		} else if (p.same(inputMode)) {
			M(printf("RecorderMode: Updated inputMode: %d\n\r", inputMode.get()));
			recordingStopsWithButton.fill(false);
			circularMode = kCircularModeNew;
			finaliseTrim();
			if(kInputModeClock == inputMode)
			{
				reinitInputModeClock();
				gGestureRecorder.rs.setEnabled(GestureRecorder::SwappableRecorders::kWhichRecordersDoubleWithBackup);
			} else {
				gGestureRecorder.rs.setEnabled(GestureRecorder::SwappableRecorders::kWhichRecordersDouble);
			}
		}
	}
	void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		SplitPerformanceMode::animate(p, l, color, ms);
		if(p.same(inputMode))
		{
			static constexpr std::array<float,7> gesture = {
				0.0, 0.3, 0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 0.99,
			};
			constexpr uint32_t kSingleGestDuration = 800;
			float size = kFixedCentroidSize;

			float gestIdx = 0;
			bool useGest = false;
			uint32_t duration = 0;
			float loc = 0;
			switch(inputMode.get())
			{
			// each should either set {loc and/or size} OR {gestIdx and useGest}
			case kInputModeLfo:
			{
				// show a gesture, repeated three times
				duration = kSingleGestDuration * 3;
				gestIdx = (ms % kSingleGestDuration) / float(kSingleGestDuration);
				useGest = true;
				break;
			}
			case kInputModeEnvelope:
			{
				// show the same gesture as above only once, followed by a blank screen
				duration = kSingleGestDuration * 2;
				gestIdx = std::min(ms / float(kSingleGestDuration), 1.f);
				useGest = true;
				break;
			}
			case kInputModeClock:
			{
				// 4 repetitions of a "clock"
				constexpr uint32_t kClockPulseDuration = kSingleGestDuration * 0.75f;
				duration = kClockPulseDuration * 4;
				float idx = (ms % kClockPulseDuration ) / float(kClockPulseDuration);
				if(idx < 0.2)
					loc = idx * 5;
				else
					loc = 0;
				break;
			}
			case kInputModeCv:
			{
				 // a centroid moves in the pattern of a sine
				duration = kSingleGestDuration * 3.f;
				uint32_t period = duration / 2;
				loc = map(sinf(2 * M_PI * (ms % period) / float(period)), -1, 1, 0, 1);
				break;
			}
			case kInputModePhasor:
			{
				//  a centroid moves from bottom to top
				duration = kSingleGestDuration * 1.5f;
				uint32_t period = duration / 2;
				loc = simpleRamp(ms, period);
				break;
			}
			} // switch
			if(ms < duration)
			{
				// actually do animation
				if(useGest)
				{
					if(gestIdx >= 1)
						size = 0;
					else
						loc = interpolatedRead(gesture, gestIdx);
				}
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = loc, .size = size }, color);
			}
		}
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(splitMode), MP(inputMode));
	}
	RecorderMode() :
		SplitPerformanceMode(kRgbYellow),
		presetFieldData {
			.ioRanges = ioRangesParameters,
			.splitMode = splitMode,
			.inputMode = inputMode,
		}
	{
		parameters = {{splitMode, inputMode, trimRangeBottom, trimRangeTop}};
		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(splitMode), MP(inputMode)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(splitMode), MP(inputMode)),
		};
		presetDescSet(1, &presetDesc);
	}
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		if(0 == idx)
			return &color;
		return nullptr;
	}
	//splitMode from the base class
	ParameterEnumT<kInputModeNum> inputMode{this, kInputModeLfo};
	ParameterContinuous trimRangeBottom {this, 0};
	ParameterContinuous trimRangeTop {this, 1};
	PACKED_STRUCT(PresetFieldData_t {
		IoRanges ioRanges;
		uint8_t splitMode;
		uint8_t inputMode;
	}) presetFieldData;
private:
	void reinitInputModeClock()
	{
		for(auto& qrec : qrecs)
		{
			qrec.armedFor = kArmedForNone;
			qrec.recording = kRecNone;
		}
	}
	float getOscillatorFreq(BelaContext* context, size_t c)
	{
		float period;
		if(kRecOnButton == qrecs[c].recordedAs)
			period = qrecs[c].framesInRecording;
		else
			period = gClockPeriod;
		if(period < 1)
			period = 1;
		return context->analogSampleRate / period / periodsInTables[c];
	}
	bool isRecording(size_t c)
	{
		RecordingMode r = qrecs[c].recording;
		return kRecActual == r || kRecOnButton == r;
	}
	bool areRecording()
	{
		bool areRec = false;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < qrecs.size(); ++n)
		{
			if(isRecording(n))
				areRec = true;
		}
		return areRec;
	}
	bool isSize(size_t n)
	{
		switch(splitMode)
		{
		default:
		case kModeSplitLocation:
			return false;
		case kModeNoSplit:
			return n == 1;
		case kModeSplitSize:
			return true;
		case kModeSplitLocationSize:
			return n == 1;
		}
	}
	void emptyRecordings(size_t n)
	{
		gGestureRecorder.empty(n);
		periodsInTables[n] = 1;
		qrecs[n].recordedAs = kRecNone;
	}
	void flashRequest(size_t n, FlashReason fl)
	{
		if(n > flash.size())
			return;
		flash[n] = fl;
		flashStart[n] = currentSamples;
	}
	TouchTracker::Id getId(std::array<TouchTracker::TouchWithId,kNumSplits>& twis, size_t c)
	{
		assert(c < twis.size());
		return twis[isSplit() ? c : 0].id;
	}
	rgb_t color = kRgbYellow.scaledBy(0.5);
	enum ArmedFor {
		kArmedForNone,
		kArmedForStart,
		kArmedForStop,
		kArmedForStartSynced,
	};
	enum RecordingMode {
		kRecNone = 0,
		kRecTentative,
		kRecActual,
		kRecOnButton,
	};
	struct QuantisedRecorder {
		size_t periodsInRecording;
		size_t periodsInPlayback;
		size_t recCounterAtLastEdge;
		size_t recSizeAtLastEdge;
		ArmedFor armedFor;
		RecordingMode recording;
		RecordingMode recordedAs;
		uint64_t framesAtStart;
		uint64_t framesInRecording;
		bool isSynced;
	};
	class Phasor
	{
	public:
		double process(double freq)
		{
			double oldPhase = phase;
			phase += freq;
			while(phase > 1)
				phase -= 1;
			return oldPhase;
		}
		double getPhase()
		{
			return phase;
		}
		void setPhase(double newPhase)
		{
			phase = newPhase;
		}
	private:
		double phase = 0;
	};
	std::array<QuantisedRecorder,kNumSplits> qrecs {};
	static constexpr size_t kNumSplits = ::kNumSplits;
	std::array<Phasor,kNumSplits> oscs {};
	std::array<size_t,kNumSplits> periodsInTables {1, 1};
	std::array<bool,kNumSplits>  hadTouch;
	std::array<TouchTracker::Id,kNumSplits> ignoredTouch;
	std::array<ssize_t,kNumSplits> envelopeReleaseStarts { -1, -1 };
	size_t lastIgnoredPressId = ButtonView::kPressIdInvalid;
	uint64_t lastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples = 0;
	uint64_t currentSamples = 0;
	float idxFrac = 0;
	size_t buttonBlinksIgnored;
	std::array<TouchTracker::TouchWithId,kNumSplits> twis;
	std::array<FlashReason,kNumSplits> flash = FILL_ARRAY(flash, kFlashNone);
	std::array<uint64_t,kNumSplits> flashStart {};
	float circularModeViz = 0;
	bool pastAnalogInHigh = false;
	bool inputModeClockIsButton = true;
	std::array<bool,kNumSplits> recordingStopsWithButton = {};
	enum CircularMode {
		kCircularModeNew,
		kCircularModeTrim,
		kCircularModeNum,
		kCircularModeOverwrite, // temporarily disabled
	} circularMode;
} gRecorderMode;
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE

static void menu_up();

#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE

class ScaleMeterMode : public PerformanceMode {
public:
	static constexpr size_t kCentroidSize = 2;
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		adjusting = kAdjustingNone;
		count = 0;
		x1 = 0;
		y1 = 0;
		rms = 0;
		env = 0;
		updated(cutoff);
		if(ms <= 0)
		{
			ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(
				signalColor,
				LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS
			);
			gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		}
		if(ms < 0)
			return true;
		// animation
		// VU meter colour appears from bottom to top.
		// As soon as it is full it starts to disappear from the bottom upwards
		np.clear();
		constexpr float kAnimationDuration = animationDuration(1200);
		float phase = ms / kAnimationDuration;
		size_t start = constrain(phase * 2.f - 1.f, 0, 1) * np.getNumPixels();
		size_t stop = constrain(phase * 2.f, 0, 1) * np.getNumPixels();
		if(stop < start)
			std::swap(start, stop);
		for(size_t n = start; n < stop && n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
		{
			rgb_t color = crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbRed, map(n, start, stop, 0, 1));
			color.scale(0.14); // dim to avoid using too much current
			np.setPixelColor(n, color.r, color.g, color.b);
		}
		return ms >= kAnimationDuration;
	}

	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		static size_t pastNumTouches;
		size_t numTouches = ledSliders.sliders[0].getNumTouches();
		if(numTouches && !pastNumTouches && kAdjustingNone == adjusting)
		{
			adjusting = kAdjustingOut;
			overlayRangeInit(kRgbYellow, true, &outRangeMin, &outRangeMax);
		}
		if(!numTouches && pastNumTouches && kAdjustingOut == adjusting)
		{
			adjusting = kAdjustingNone;
		}
		if(performanceBtn.offset)
		{
			if(kAdjustingIn == adjusting)
			{
				adjusting = kAdjustingNone;
			} else {
				adjusting = kAdjustingIn;
				overlayRangeInit(kRgbRed, false, &inRangeBottom, &inRangeTop);
			}
		}
		pastNumTouches = numTouches;
		float outVizThrough = 0;
		float outVizEnv = 0;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
		{
			float input = analogReadMapped(context, n, 0);
			// let's trust compiler + branch predictor to do a good job here
			float envIn;
			if(kCouplingAcRms == coupling)
			{
				//high pass
				// [b, a] = butter(1, 10/44250, 'high')
				const float b0 = 0.999630537400518;
				const float b1 = -0.999630537400518;
				const float a1 = -0.999261074801036;
				float x0 = input;
				float y = x1 * b1 + x0 * b0 - y1 * a1;
				x1 = x0;
				y1 = y;
				// times 2 to compensate for abs()
				envIn = abs(y) * 2.f;
				// compute RMS
				uint16_t newRmsVal = envIn * envIn * 65536.f;
				uint16_t oldRmsVal = rmsBuffer[rmsIdx];
				rmsAcc = rmsAcc + newRmsVal - oldRmsVal;
				rmsBuffer[rmsIdx] = newRmsVal;
				rmsIdx++;
				if(rmsIdx >= rmsBuffer.size())
					rmsIdx = 0;
				envIn = std::min(1.f, rmsAcc / 65536.f / float(rmsBuffer.size()));
			} else {
				envIn = input;
			}
			// peak envelope detector
			if(envIn > env)
			{
				env = envIn;
			} else {
				env = env * decay;
			}

			outVizThrough = envIn;
			outVizEnv = env;
			float outs[kNumOutChannels] = {0};
			switch (outputMode)
			{
			case kOutputModeNN: // top pass-through, bottom inverted pass-through
				outs[0] = input;
				outs[1] = 1.f - input;
				break;
			case kOutputModeNE: // top pass-through, bottom envelope
				outs[0] = input;
				outs[1] = env;
				break;
			case kOutputModeEE: // top envelope, bottom inverted envelope
				outs[0] = env;
				outs[1] = 1.f - env;
				break;
			}
			for(size_t c = 0; c < kNumOutChannels; ++c)
			{
				// TODO: combine this mapping with global mapping in tr_render(),
				// or at least reduce the number of times it gets called here if the compiler is not smart enough
				// TODO: should env also be mapped?
				float value = mapAndConstrain(outs[c], 0, 1, outRangeMin, outRangeMax);
				analogWriteOnce(context, n, c, value);
			}
		}
		// displays if in In/OutRange mode
		float outDisplay = mapAndConstrain(outVizThrough, 0, 1, outRangeMin, outRangeMax);
		ledSliders.sliders[0].directBegin(); // clears display
		if(kAdjustingNone == adjusting)
		{
			// displays if in pure performance mode
			std::array<centroid_t,kNumOutChannels> centroids {};
			bool hasEnvelope = kOutputModeNN != outputMode;
			bool hasNormal = kOutputModeEE != outputMode;
			if(hasNormal)
			{
				centroids[0].location = outDisplay;
				centroids[0].size = kFixedCentroidSize;
			}
			const float kMagicLogCorrection = 2.f;
			if(hasEnvelope)
			{
				if(kCouplingAcRms == coupling)
					outVizEnv = log10f(1.f + kMagicLogCorrection * outVizEnv * 9.f);
				centroids[1].location = mapAndConstrain(outVizEnv, 0, 1, outRangeMin, outRangeMax);
				centroids[1].size = kFixedCentroidSize;
			}
			if(kCouplingAcRms == coupling)
			{
				//display color bar
				if(ledSliders.areLedsEnabled())
				{
					float throughLog = log10f(1.f + kMagicLogCorrection * outVizThrough * 9.f);
					colorBar(throughLog, outRangeMin * kNumLeds, outRangeMax * kNumLeds, kRgbGreen, kRgbRed);
				}
			}
			for(size_t n = 0; n < centroids.size(); ++n)
			{
				rgb_t color;
				if(kCouplingDc == coupling)
					color = signalColor;
				else
					color = crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbRed, map(centroids[n].location, outRangeMin, outRangeMax, 0, 1));
				ledSliders.sliders[0].directWriteCentroid(centroids[n], color, kRangeLedsPerCentroid);
			}
		} else {
			float display = 0;
			if(kAdjustingIn == adjusting)
			{
				// we always display the input range full-scale.
				display = analogRead(context, 0, 0);
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 2);
			} else if(kAdjustingOut == adjusting)
			{
				display = outDisplay;
			}
			ledSliders.sliders[0].directWriteCentroid({ .location = display, .size = kFixedCentroidSize}, kRgbGreen, kRangeLedsPerCentroid);
			// draw overlay endpoints on top of regular visualisation
			overlayRangeProcess(globalSlider, ledSliders.sliders[0], frameData->isNew);
		}
	}

	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		PerformanceMode::updated(p);
		if(p.same(cutoff))
		{
			// wrangling the range to make it somehow useful
			// TODO: put more method into this
			float par = cutoff;
			float bottom = 0.000005;
			float top = 0.0005;
			// we want par to be between about bottom and top
			// we want values to be closer to the bottom when the slider is higher
			par = 1.f - par;
			// We want changes to the input to have smaller effect closer to 0.000005
			par = powf(par, 3) * (top - bottom) + bottom;
			decay = 1.f - par;
		}
		else if(p.same(coupling)) {
			if(kCouplingAcRms == coupling)
			{
				rmsIdx = 0;
				rmsBuffer.fill(0);
				rmsAcc = 0;
			}
		}
		else if(p.same(outRangeMin) || p.same(outRangeMax)) {
		}
		else if(p.same(inRangeBottom) || p.same(inRangeTop)) {
		}
	}
	void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		if(p.same(outputMode))
		{
			constexpr size_t kDuration = 1500;
			if(ms < kDuration)
			{
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				bool bottomEnv;
				bool topEnv;
				switch(outputMode.get())
				{
				default:
				case kOutputModeNN:
					bottomEnv = 0;
					topEnv = 0;
					break;
				case kOutputModeNE:
					bottomEnv = 1;
					topEnv = 0;
					break;
				case kOutputModeEE:
					bottomEnv = 1;
					topEnv = 1;
					break;
				}
				std::array<bool,2> isEnv {bottomEnv, topEnv};
				float in;
				// slightly smoothed pulse:
				const uint32_t first = 300;
				const uint32_t second = 970;
				const uint32_t third = 1000;
				if(ms < first)
				{
					// start low
					in = 0;
				} else if (ms < second)
				{
					// high
					in = 1;
				} else if (ms < third)
				{
					// ramp down
					in = 1 - (ms - second) / float(third - second);
				} else {
					// low
					in = 0;
				}
				float alpha = 0.998;
				static float pastEnv = 0;
				if(0 == ms)
					pastEnv = 0;
				env = in * (1.f - alpha) + pastEnv * alpha;
				pastEnv = env;
				for(size_t n = 0; n < isEnv.size(); ++n)
				{
					float start = 0.05 + n * 0.5;
					centroid_t centroid {
						.location = map(isEnv[n] ? env : in, 0, 1, start, start + 0.45),
						.size = kFixedCentroidSize,
					};
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, centroid, color);
				}
			}
		}
		else if(p.same(coupling))
		{
			// DC: show a single centroid move with a certain pattern
			// AC: show a colorBar doing the same
			static constexpr std::array<float,10> gesture = {
				0.3, 0.1, 0.1, 0.4, 0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.99, 0.8, 0.1,
			};
			constexpr uint32_t kDuration = 1200;
			if(ms < kDuration)
			{
				float idx = ms / float(kDuration);
				float loc = interpolatedRead(gesture, idx);
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				if(kCouplingDc == coupling)
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = loc, .size = kFixedCentroidSize }, color);
				else {
					colorBar(loc, AnimateFs::kLedStart, AnimateFs::kLedStop, color, color);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(outputMode), MP(coupling), MP(cutoff));
	}
	enum {
		kCouplingDc,
		kCouplingAcRms,
		kCouplingNum,
	};
	enum {
		kOutputModeNN,
		kOutputModeNE,
		kOutputModeEE,
		kOutputModeNum
	};
	ScaleMeterMode() :
		PerformanceMode(kRgbGreen),
		presetFieldData{
			.ioRanges = ioRangesParameters,
			.outputMode = outputMode,
			.coupling = coupling,
			.cutoff = cutoff,
		}
	{
		parameters = {{ outputMode, coupling, cutoff, inRangeBottom, inRangeTop, outRangeMin, outRangeMax }};
		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(outputMode), MP(coupling), MP(cutoff)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(outputMode), MP(coupling), MP(cutoff)),
		};
		presetDescSet(2, &presetDesc);
	}
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		if(0 == idx)
			return &signalColor;
		if(1 == idx)
			return &endpointsColorIn;
		if(2 == idx)
			return &endpointsColorOut;
		return nullptr;
	}
	ParameterEnumT<kOutputModeNum> outputMode {this, 0};
	ParameterEnumT<kCouplingNum> coupling {this, kCouplingDc};
	ParameterContinuous cutoff {this, 0.5};
	ParameterContinuous outRangeMin {this, 0};
	ParameterContinuous outRangeMax {this, 1};
	ParameterContinuous inRangeBottom {this, 0};
	ParameterContinuous inRangeTop {this, 1};
	struct PresetFieldData_t {
		IoRanges ioRanges;
		int outputMode;
		int coupling;
		float cutoff;
	} presetFieldData;
	enum {
		kAdjustingNone,
		kAdjustingOut,
		kAdjustingIn,
	} adjusting;
private:
	float decay;
	float analogReadMapped(BelaContext* context, size_t frame, size_t channel)
	{
		float in = analogRead(context, frame, channel);
		return mapAndConstrain(in, inRangeBottom, inRangeTop, 0, 1);
	}
	rgb_t signalColor = kRgbGreen;
	rgb_t endpointsColorIn = kRgbRed;
	rgb_t endpointsColorOut = kRgbYellow;
	float x1;
	float y1;
	float env;
	size_t count;
	float rms;
	std::array<uint16_t,512> rmsBuffer;
	size_t rmsIdx = 0;
	float rmsAcc = 0;
} gScaleMeterMode;
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
class BalancedOscsMode : public PerformanceMode {
public:
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		gBalancedLfoColors = gBalancedLfoColorsInit; //restore default in case it got changed via MIDI
		if(ms <= 0)
		{
			for(auto& o : oscillators)
				o.setup(1, Oscillator::Type(waveform.get())); // Fs set to 1, so we need to pass normalised frequency later

			ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(
				{0, 0, 0}, // dummy
				LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS
			);
		}
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		if(ms < 0)
			return true;
		return modeChangeBlinkSplit(animationDuration(ms), gBalancedLfoColors.data(), kNumLeds / 2, kNumLeds / 2);
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		gInUsesRange = true; // may be overridden below depending on mode
		float clockPeriod;
		float sampleRate = context->analogSampleRate;
		switch (inputMode)
		{
		default:
		case kInputModeTrig:
			// after frequency was set by parameter,
			// we use gClockPeriod only if it gets updated at least once
			if(gClockPeriodUpdateCounter == lastClockPeriodUpdateCounter)
			{
				clockPeriod = sampleRate / (centreFrequency * 10.f + 0.1f); // TODO: more useful range? exp mapping?
			} else {
				clockPeriod = gClockPeriod;
				lastClockPeriodUpdateCounter = 0; // show that we are locked to gClockPeriod
			}
			break;
		case kInputModeCv:
		{
			gInUsesRange = false; // we want actual volts here
			float volts = inToV(analogRead(context, 0, 0));
			float freq = vToFreq(volts, 3);
			clockPeriod = sampleRate / freq;
		}
			break;
		}

		float midFreq = 1.f / clockPeriod; // we process once per block; the oscillator thinks Fs = 1

		if (ledSliders.isTouchEnabled() && globalSlider.getNumTouches()) {
			divisionPoint = globalSlider.compoundTouchLocation();
		}
		std::array<float,oscillators.size()> freqs = {
				(1.f - divisionPoint) * midFreq * 2.f,
				divisionPoint * midFreq * 2.f,
		};

		for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n) {
			for(size_t c = 0; c < oscillators.size() && c < context->analogOutChannels; ++c) {
				float out = oscillators[c].process(freqs[c]);
				analogWriteOnce(context, n, !c, map(out, -1, 1, 0, 1)); // The ! is so that the CV outs order matches the display. TODO: tidy up
				if(0 == n && !gAlt)
				{
					// limit max brightness. On the one hand, it reduces power consumption,
					// on the other hand it attempts to avoid the upper range, where it becomes hard
					// to discern increased brightness.
					const float kMaxBrightness = 0.3f;
					// TODO: move this to LedSlider so that it obeys to the ledEnabled there an we don't need the !gAlt here
					// if we are not in menu mode, set the display
					float brightness = map(out, -1, 1, 0, kMaxBrightness);
					unsigned int split = divisionPoint > 0 ? kNumLeds * divisionPoint : 0;
					unsigned int start = (0 == c) ? 0 : split;
					unsigned int stop = (0 == c) ? split : kNumLeds;
					rgb_t color = {uint8_t(brightness * gBalancedLfoColors[c].r), uint8_t(brightness * gBalancedLfoColors[c].g), uint8_t(brightness * gBalancedLfoColors[c].b)};
					for(unsigned int p = start; p <  stop; ++p)
						np.setPixelColor(p, color.r, color.g, color.b);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		PerformanceMode::updated(p);
		if(p.same(waveform)) {
			for(auto& o : oscillators)
				o.setType(Oscillator::Type(waveform.get()));
		} else if (p.same(centreFrequency)) {
			lastClockPeriodUpdateCounter = gClockPeriodUpdateCounter;
			// force us to go into ModeTrig, or the ModeCv would make this change useless
			inputMode.set(kInputModeTrig);
		} else if (p.same(inputMode)) {

		}
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(waveform), MP(centreFrequency), MP(inputMode));
	}
	BalancedOscsMode() :
		presetFieldData {
			.ioRanges = ioRangesParameters,
			.centreFrequency = centreFrequency,
			.waveform = waveform,
			.inputMode = inputMode,
		}
	{
		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(waveform), MP(centreFrequency), MP(inputMode)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(waveform), MP(centreFrequency), MP(inputMode)),
		};
		presetDescSet(6, &presetDesc);
	}
	typedef enum {
		kInputModeTrig,
		kInputModeCv,
		kNumInputModes,
	} InputMode;
	ParameterEnumT<Oscillator::numOscTypes> waveform {this, Oscillator::triangle};
	ParameterContinuous centreFrequency {this};
	ParameterEnumT<kNumInputModes> inputMode {this, kInputModeTrig};
	struct PresetFieldData_t {
		IoRanges ioRanges;
		float centreFrequency = centreFrequency;
		uint8_t waveform = waveform;
		uint8_t inputMode = inputMode;
	} presetFieldData;
private:
	float divisionPoint = 0.5;
	uint32_t lastClockPeriodUpdateCounter = gClockPeriodUpdateCounter;
} gBalancedOscsMode;
#endif // ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE

#define clickprintf(...) // use to enable debug printing in case of need

#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
#define MENU_ENTER_SINGLE_SLIDER
static void menu_enterSingleSlider(const rgb_t& color, const rgb_t& otherColor, ParameterContinuous& parameter);

class ExprButtonsMode : public PerformanceMode
{
public:
	bool setup(double ms)
	{
		updateNumButtons();
		if(ms <= 0)
		{
			ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(colors[0], LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS);
			gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlockCustomSmoothed);
			changeState(kDisabled, {0, 0});
		}
		changePage(kPagePerf);
		// Force initialisation of offsets. Alternatively, always copy them in render()
		for(auto& o : offsetParameters)
			updated(o);
		if(ms < 0)
			return true;
		// animation
		// buttons appear and disappear one by one, fading in and out quickly
		constexpr size_t kAnimationDuration = animationDuration(1400);
		constexpr size_t kPerButton = kAnimationDuration / kMaxNumButtons;
		size_t button = std::min(kMaxNumButtons - 1, size_t(ms) / kPerButton);
		size_t phase = size_t(ms) % kPerButton;
		float tri = simpleTriangle(phase, kPerButton);
		float step = 1.f / kMaxNumButtons;
		for(auto l : { &ledSliders, &ledSlidersAlt})
		{
			l->sliders[0].directBegin();
			l->sliders[0].directWriteCentroid({ .location = step * 0.5f + step * button, .size = tri * 0.2f}, colors[button]);
		}
		return ms >= kAnimationDuration;

	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData)
	{
		gCustomSmoothedAlpha = { kAlphaDefault, seqMode ? 0 : kAlphaDefault };
		constexpr float kDefaultSize = 0.5;
		ButtonView btn = ButtonViewSimplify(performanceBtn);
		gInUsesRange = false;
		gOutUsesRange[0] = false;
		gOutUsesRange[1] = true;
		if(gAlt && kKeyInvalid != keyBeingAdjusted && !seqMode)
		{
			// if we are adjusting the pitch, output that instead
			gManualAnOut[0] = getOutForKey(keyBeingAdjusted);
			gManualAnOut[1] = kDefaultSize;
			return;
		}
		if(!gAlt)
			keyBeingAdjusted = kKeyInvalid;
		frameId = frameData->id;
		TouchTracker::TouchWithId twi {centroid_t{0, 0}, 0, TouchTracker::kIdInvalid };
		// normal processing
		if(ledSliders.isTouchEnabled())
		{
			gTouchTracker.process(globalSlider);
			if(gTouchTracker.getNumTouches())
				twi = gTouchTracker.getTouchMostRecent();
		}
		if(btn.offset)
		{
			// single click goes back to kPagePerf
			clickprintf("o%d%d\n\r", onClickGroupStartWas, page);
			onClickGroupStartWas = page;
			changePage(kPagePerf);
		}
		// double click enters (or exits) set enable page (both keys an sequencer)
		if(btn.doubleClickOffset)
		{
			clickprintf("d%d%d->", onClickGroupStartWas, page);
			if(kPageSetMode == page || kPageSetMode == onClickGroupStartWas)
				changePage(kPagePerf);
			else
				changePage(kPageSetMode);
			clickprintf("%d\n\r", page);
		}
		// triple click enters (or exits) sampling page (both keys an sequencer)
		if(btn.tripleClickOffset)
		{
			clickprintf("t%d%d->", onClickGroupStartWas, page);
			if(kPageTuning == page || kPageTuning == onClickGroupStartWas)
				changePage(kPagePerf);
			else
				changePage(kPageTuning);
			clickprintf("%d\n\r", page);
		}
		pastNumTouches = globalSlider.getNumTouches();

		centroid_t centroid = processSize(twi.touch, 0);
		// NOTE: newTouch is true only on the _first_ kInitial frame (i.e.: new twi.id)
		bool newTouch = false;
		if(TouchTracker::kIdInvalid == twi.id)
		{
			// touch is removed
			if(kDisabled != touch.state && (kHold != touch.state || seqMode))
				changeState(kDisabled, centroid);
		} else {
			// if it is a new touch, assign this touch to a key, store location as impact location,
			// mark it as unmoved
			if(kDisabled == touch.state || (kHold == touch.state && touch.holdHasReleased) || pastTouchId != twi.id)
			{
				newTouch = true;
				changeState(kInitial, centroid); // note that this may fail and we go back to kDisabled
			}
		}
		// TODO: maybe pastTouchId should be remembered as part of changeState()?
		pastTouchId = twi.id;
		if(btn.offset && !seqMode)
		{
			// if holding, release
			if(kHold == touch.state)
				changeState(kDisabled, centroid);
			// if there is a press, hold
			if(kDisabled != touch.state)
			{
				changeState(kHold, centroid);
				touch.holdHasReleased = false;
			}
		}
		// the first touch have a spurious location (it's an artifact of the sensor)
		// therefore the touch is only kGood after a new frameId is received
		if(kInitial == touch.state && touch.initialFrameId != frameId)
			changeState(kGood, centroid);
		// if it is not a new touch and it has moved enough, mark it as moved
		if(kGood == touch.state)
		{
			if(fabsf(centroid.location - touch.initialLocation) > kMoveThreshold)
				changeState(kMoved, centroid);
		}
		// if it is a moved touch, apply high-pass to get modulation amount
		if(kMoved == touch.state)
		{
			// if a moved touch gets 'far enough' from initial position
			// and getting 'close' to another button, we are bending towards it.
			if(shouldBend(centroid))
				changeState(kBending, centroid);
		}
		// if we are bending, there is a "dead" spot close to the center of the target key
		if(kBending == touch.state)
		{
			// ensure we leave the dead spot that we may (probably) be in when the bending
			// starts
			// TODO: add hysteresis?
			if(fabsf(centroid.location - getMidLocationFromKey(touch.key)) > kBendDeadSpot)
				touch.bendHasLeftStartKeyDeadSpot = true;
			size_t key;
			// check each key: are we in its dead spot?
			for(key = 0; key < numButtons; ++key)
			{
				float range = kBendDeadSpot;
				float midPoint = getMidLocationFromKey(key);
				if(fabsf(centroid.location - midPoint) < range)
				{
					if(key == touch.key && !touch.bendHasLeftStartKeyDeadSpot) {
						continue;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
			if(key == numButtons) {
				// we are not in a dead spot
				touch.bendDeadTime = 0;
				if(fabsf(centroid.location - getMidLocationFromKey(touch.key)) < step - kBendDeadSpot)
				{
					// we are between the initial key and a neighbour's dead spot
					// nothing to do
				} else {
					changeState(kInitial, centroid);
					if(centroid.location <= getMidLocationFromKey(0) || centroid.location >= getMidLocationFromKey(numButtons - 1))
					{
						// first or last button: we start a new touch there without bending
					} else {
						// we went past the dead zone towards the next key.
						// Start a new bending towards that.
						changeState(kBending, centroid);
					}
				}
			} else {
				// we are in the dead spot of a key
				// make sure it's the same key as the previous frames
				if(touch.bendDeadKey == key)
					touch.bendDeadTime++;
				else
					touch.bendDeadTime = 1;
				touch.bendDeadKey = key;
				if(touch.bendDeadTime >= kBendDeadSpotMaxCount)
				{
					// if we are here long enough, start a new touch here
					changeState(kInitial, centroid);
					// TODO: should we get to kMoved already?
				}
			}
		}
		if(kHold == touch.state)
		{
			if(!centroid.size)
				touch.holdHasReleased = true;
		}
		// mode-specific processing
		switch(touch.state)
		{
		case kInitial:
		case kGood:
			break;
		case kMoved:
		{
			// printf("%.5f\n\r", touch.mod);
			// apply high-pass
			float x0 = centroid.location - touch.initialLocation;
			float y0 = x0 * b0 + touch.filt.x1 * b1 - touch.filt.y1 * a1;
			touch.mod = y0;
			touch.filt.x1 = x0;
			touch.filt.y1 = y0;
		}
			break;
		case kBending:
			break;
		case kHold:
			break;
		case kDisabled:
		case kNumStates:
			break;
		}

		// now set output
		switch(touch.state)
		{
		case kInitial:
		case kGood:
			out = getOutForKey(touch.key);
			break;
		case kMoved:
			out = getOutForKey(touch.key) + touch.mod * modRange * 1.f;
			break;
		case kBending:
		{
			float bendIdx;
			float bendRange;

			float diff = centroid.location - touch.initialLocation;
			float bendSign = (diff > 0) ? 1 : -1;
			size_t bendDestKey = touch.key + bendSign * 1;
			if(bendDestKey >= numButtons) {
				// if at edge of keyboard, no bending
				bendIdx = 0;
				bendRange = 0;
			} else {
				float destLoc = getMidLocationFromKey(bendDestKey) - bendSign * kBendDeadSpot;
				if(bendSign * centroid.location < destLoc * bendSign)
					// outside the dead spot
					bendIdx = (centroid.location - touch.initialLocation) / (destLoc - touch.initialLocation);
				else // in the dead spot
					bendIdx = 1;
				float destOut = getOutForKey(bendDestKey);
				bendRange = destOut - touch.initialOut;
			}
#if 0
			static int n = 0;
			if(0 == (n % 10))
			{
				printf("%+1.0f %.2f %.2f %.2f|", bendSign, centroid.location, touch.initialLocation, destLoc);
				printf("%.2f\n\r", bendIdx);
			}
			++n;
#endif
			out = touch.initialOut + bendIdx * bendRange;
		}
			break;
		case kHold:
			out = pastOuts[0];
			centroid.size = pastOuts[1];
			break;
		case kDisabled:
		{
			// on release we may have a different out from the nominal pitch
			// e.g.: if we released from kMoved or kBending
			// here we smoothly get back to nominal pitch
			float alpha = 0.95;
			out = alpha * out + (1.f - alpha) * getOutForKey(touch.key);
		}
			break;
		case kNumStates:
			break;
		}
		gManualAnOut[0] = out; // we always hold pitch here
		gManualAnOut[1] = touchOrNot(centroid).size;
		pastOuts = gManualAnOut;
		if(kPageTuning == page)
		{
			// override any output that may have happened so far.
			// We leverage the state machine above even if it's
			// more complicated than / slightly different from
			// what we need here
			bool shouldEnterManualTuning = false;
			switch(touch.state)
			{
			case kBending:
				if(!gAlt)
				{
					// if bending, we enter the slider menu that allows manually setting the pitch
					shouldEnterManualTuning = true;
				}
				break;
			case kDisabled:
				// TODO: pass-through at audio rate unless key is pressed
				if(samplingEnabled)
				{
					gManualAnOut[0] = quantise(analogRead(context, 0, 0));
					gManualAnOut[1] = kDefaultSize;
				}
				break;
			case kInitial:
				if(samplingEnabled)
				{
					if(newTouch && touch.key < keysIdx.size())
					{
						// sample
						float sum = 0;
						for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
							sum += analogRead(context, n, 0);
						sampled = sum / context->analogFrames;
						sampledKey = keysIdx[touch.key];
					}
					// we postpone assigning to offsets so that if we get
					// into bending to set the voltage via slider, we do not
					// accidentally assign it the sampled input on press
				}
				heldFrames = 0;
				// no break
			case kMoved:
			case kGood:
				if(samplingEnabled)
				{
					// hold
					gManualAnOut[0] = quantise(sampled);
					gManualAnOut[1] = centroid.size;
				}
				heldFrames++;
				if(!gAlt && heldFrames * context->analogFrames / float(context->analogSampleRate) * 1000.f > kHoldMsToEnterManualTuning)
				{
					// hold press to enter manual tuning
					shouldEnterManualTuning = true;
				}
				break;
			case kHold:
				// won't be here
			case kNumStates:
				break;
			}
			if(samplingEnabled)
			{
				if(kDisabled == touch.state && stateIsNormal(samplingPastTouchState))
				{
					// upon release, we finally assign
					if(kKeyInvalid !=  sampledKey)
						offsetParameters[sampledKey].set(sampled);
				}
				samplingPastTouchState = touch.state;
			}
			if(shouldEnterManualTuning)
			{
				keyBeingAdjusted = touch.key;
				// TODO: clear up this mess of actualKey vs touch.key.
				size_t actualKey = seqMode ? touch.key : keysIdx[touch.key];
				const IoRange& outTop = ioRangesParameters.outTop;
				float min;
				float max;
				outTop.getMinMax(min, max);
				// reverse map the range so that we start with an initial centroid that represents
				// the current voltage
				float initialValue = map(offsetParameters[actualKey], min, max, 0, 1); // this is allowed to be outside the [0, 1] range
				offsetParameterRaw.set(initialValue);
				menu_enterSingleSlider(colors[actualKey], colors[actualKey], offsetParameterRaw);
				sampledKey = kKeyInvalid; // avoid assigning the sampled value to the key on release
				// once we do manual tuning once, don't allow sampling
				// till the next time we enter the page
				samplingEnabled = false;
			}
		}

		size_t vizKey;
		bool analogInHigh = tri.analogRead() > kTriggerInOnThreshold;
		bool analogRisingEdge = (analogInHigh && !pastAnalogInHigh);
		pastAnalogInHigh = analogInHigh;
		if(seqMode)
		{
			if(analogRisingEdge)
			{
				pastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples = context->audioFramesElapsed;
				if(kPagePerf == page)
				{
					// if a finger is down, do not move from that step
					if(kDisabled != touch.state)
						seqNextStep = touch.key;
				}
				size_t attempts = 0;
				do
				{
					attempts++;
					if(seqNextStep >= numButtons)
						seqNextStep = 0;
					seqCurrentStep = seqNextStep;
					seqNextStep++;
				} while (!stepIsEnabled(seqCurrentStep) && attempts < numButtons);
#if 0 // print step state
				for(size_t n = 0; n < numButtons; ++n)
				{
					char sym0 = stepIsEnabled(n) ? '_' : 'X';
					if(stepIsEnabled(n) && seqCurrentStep == n)
						sym0 = '*';
					char sym1 = 'O';
					switch(seqStepsMode[n])
					{
					case kStepNormal:
						sym1 = 'N';
						break;
					case kStepMuted:
						sym1 = 'M';
						break;
					case kStepHold:
						sym1 = 'H';
						break;
					case kStepDisabled:
						sym1 = 'x';
						break;
					case kStepModesNum:
						sym1 = 'o';
						break;
					}
					printf("%c%c,", sym0, sym1);
				}
				printf("\n\r");
#endif
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kY, 1, getBlinkPeriod(context, kPagePerf != page));
			}
			bool newTriggerableStep = false;
			if(kDisabled != touch.state)
			{
				// if we have a touch
				switch(page)
				{
				case kPagePerf:
				{
					// on a new touch
					if(twi.id != seqPastTouchIdUpdated)
					{
						seqPastTouchIdUpdated = twi.id;
						// reset to a next or just passed edge (reset immediately if clock is absent)
						uint64_t maxDelaySamples = std::min(gClockPeriod * 0.25f, 0.1f * context->analogSampleRate);
						if(context->audioFramesElapsed - pastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples < maxDelaySamples)
						{
							// close enough to edge
							setStepNow(touch.key);
						}
						else {
							// late enough, schedule pressed key for next
							setNextStep(touch.key);
						}
						if(!clockInIsActive(context))
						{
							newTriggerableStep = true;
							setStepNow(touch.key);
						}
					}
				}
					break;
				case kPageSetMode:
					if(newTouch)
					{
						// each new key press cycles through step states
						KeyStepMode mode = keyStepModes[touch.key];
						mode.s = StepMode(mode.s + 1);
						if(kStepModesNum == mode.s)
							mode.s = kStepNormal;
						// do not allow to remove all keys
						size_t numEnabledKeys = countEnabledKeys();
						if(numEnabledKeys < 2 && kStepDisabled == mode.s)
							mode.s = kStepNormal;
						keyStepModes[touch.key].set(mode);
					}
					break;
				case kPageTuning:
					// if no clock, jump to current key so it can be previewed while tuning
					if(!clockInIsActive(context))
						setStepNow(touch.key);
					break;
				}
			}
			vizKey = seqCurrentStep;
			size_t outKey = kKeyInvalid;
			if(kPageTuning == page && !clockInIsActive(context))
			{
				// no clock and we are tuning a step: we want to hear it right now
				// ignore the step's settings
				outKey = seqCurrentStep;
			} else {
				switch(keyStepModes[seqCurrentStep].get().s)
				{
				case kStepNormal:
					outKey = seqCurrentStep;
					newTriggerableStep |= analogRisingEdge;
					break;
				case kStepMuted:
					outKey = kKeyInvalid;
					break;
				case kStepHold:
				{
					size_t step = seqCurrentStep;
					// go back looking for the step to hold
					do
					{
						if(0 == step)
							step = numButtons;
						step--;
						if(kStepNormal == keyStepModes[step].get().s)
							break;
					} while(step != seqCurrentStep);
					if(step == seqCurrentStep) // no step to hold
						outKey = kKeyInvalid;
					else
						outKey = step;
				}
				default:
					break;
				}
			}
			gManualAnOut[0] = kKeyInvalid == outKey ? kNoOutput : seqSmooth(getOutForKey(outKey));
			size_t lowestEnabled = 0;
			while(lowestEnabled < keyStepModes.size() && !stepIsEnabled(lowestEnabled))
				lowestEnabled++;
			gOutUsesRange[1] = false; // we output fix voltagese
			if(kPageTuning == page && !clockInIsActive(context))
			{
				// if pressing a key in tuning page, or tuning it, send out a 5V gate
				if(kDisabled == touch.state && kKeyInvalid == keyBeingAdjusted)
					triggerOut = vToOut(0);
				else
					triggerOut = vToOut(5);
			} else
			{
				// send out a +5V trigger on each new step
				// and send out a +10V reset signal when on the first step (if it is triggerable, anyhow)
				if(newTriggerableStep)
				{
					float outV = newTriggerableStep * 5;
					if(outV)
					{
						if(seqCurrentStep == lowestEnabled)
							outV = 10;
					}
					triggerOut = vToOut(outV);
					lastTriggerOutSet = context->audioFramesElapsed;
				}
				float ms = (context->audioFramesElapsed - lastTriggerOutSet) / context->analogSampleRate * 1000;
				if(ms > getBlinkPeriod(context, false))
				{
					triggerOut = vToOut(0);
				}
			}
			gManualAnOut[1] = triggerOut;
			seqPastStep = seqCurrentStep;
		} else {
			// if not seqMode
			if(kPageSetMode == page)
			{
				if(newTouch)
				{
					size_t numEnabledKeys = countEnabledKeys();
					// only remove a key if you're not left with 0
					if(numEnabledKeys >= 2 || !keyIsEnabled(touch.key))
					{
						KeyStepMode mode = keyStepModes[touch.key];
						mode.k = !mode.k;
						keyStepModes[touch.key].set(mode);
					}
					updateNumButtons();
				}
				if(touch.key < kMaxNumButtons && keyIsEnabled(touch.key) && stateIsNormal(touch.state))
				{
					gManualAnOut[0] = getOutForKey(touch.key);
					gManualAnOut[1] = centroid.size;
				} else {
					gManualAnOut[0] = kNoOutput;
					gManualAnOut[1] = kNoOutput;
				}
			}
			vizKey = kDisabled == touch.state ? kKeyInvalid : touch.key;
			// turn on green LED if we are in a stable position
			if(stateIsNormal(touch.state))
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 0.1);
		}
		// display
		if(!gAlt)
		{
			// button
			switch(page)
			{
			case kPageTuning:
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR);
				break;
			case kPageSetMode:
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kGlow, TRI::kR);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			// slider leds
			ledSliders.sliders[0].directBegin();
			for(size_t n = 0; n < numButtons; ++n)
			{
				float coeff = (n == vizKey) ? 1 : 0.1; // may be overridden
				rgb_t color;
				float period = 0.3f * context->analogSampleRate;
				float triangle = simpleTriangle(context->audioFramesElapsed, period);
				if(kPageTuning == page)
				{
					// same behaviour for seqMode and non-seqMode
					// though in seqMode it always has kmaxNumButtons buttons,
					// while in key mode it only has numButtons
					color = colors[seqMode ? n : keysIdx[n]];
					if(n == vizKey)
						coeff = 1;
					else
					{
						// inactive keys while sampling have a triangle pattern
						float period = 0.5f * context->analogSampleRate;
						coeff *=  0.1f + 0.9f * simpleTriangle(context->audioFramesElapsed + (n * period / numButtons), period);
					}
				} else if (seqMode)
				{
					coeff *= stepIsEnabled(n);
					size_t idx = keyStepModes[n].get().s;
					if(idx < stepColors.size())
						color = stepColors[idx];
					// TODO: animating buttons while they are traversed by the sequencer
					// gives a messy result. Try syncing it to the clock input, or use a
					// different display strategy (e.g.: button?)
					switch(page)
					{
					case kPagePerf:
						coeff *= 1.f;
						break;
					case kPageSetMode:
						coeff *=  0.1f + 0.9f * triangle;
						break;
					case kPageTuning: // shouldn't be here anyhow
						break;
					}
				} else {
					// we are in keys mode
					size_t idx;
					if(kPageSetMode == page)
					{
						idx = n;
						//always has kNumMaxButtons buttons
						coeff *=  (touch.key == idx && touch.state != kDisabled) ? 1 : triangle > 0.7f;
						coeff *= keyIsEnabled(idx);
					} else {
						idx = keysIdx[n];
					}
					if(idx < kMaxNumButtons)
						color = colors[idx];
					else // shouldn't get here
						color = {0, 0, 0};
				}
				ledSliders.sliders[0].directWriteCentroid(centroid_t { getMidLocationFromKey(n), coeff }, color,
						LedSlider::kDefaultNumWeights + (kMaxNumButtons - numButtons) / (0.125f * kMaxNumButtons)
				);
			}
		}
	}
private:
	typedef enum {
		kPagePerf,
		kPageSetMode,
		kPageTuning,
	} Page;
	typedef enum {
		kInitial,
		kGood,
		kMoved,
		kBending,
		kHold,
		kDisabled,
		kNumStates,
	} TouchState;
	static bool stateIsNormal(TouchState state)
	{
		return
				kInitial == state
				|| kGood == state
				|| kMoved == state
			;
	}
	size_t countEnabledKeys()
	{
		// we compute the number of enabled keys from scratch
		// because numButtons is always kNumMaxButtons when in kPageSetMode
		size_t numEnabledKeys = 0;
		for(auto& k : keyStepModes)
			numEnabledKeys += seqMode ? (k.get().s != kStepDisabled) :  k.get().k;
		return numEnabledKeys;
	}
	float seqSmooth(float value)
	{
		seqOut = seqOut * seqAlpha + value * (1.f - seqAlpha);
		return seqOut;
	}
	bool keyIsEnabled(size_t n) {
		if(n >= keyStepModes.size())
			return false;
		return keyStepModes[n].get().k;
	}
	bool stepIsEnabled(size_t n) {
		if(n >= keyStepModes.size())
			return false;
		return (kStepDisabled != keyStepModes[n].get().s);
	}
	const std::array<const char*,kNumStates> touchStateNames {
			"kInitial",
			"kGood",
			"kMoved",
			"kBending",
			"kHold",
			"kDisabled",
	};
	float getOutForKey(size_t key)
	{
		if(key >= numButtons)
			return 0;
		size_t actualKey = seqMode ? key : keysIdx[key];
		if(actualKey >= offsetParameters.size())
			return 0;
		return quantise(offsetParameters[actualKey]);
	}
	float quantise(float in, bool force = false)
	{
		if(quantised || force)
			return quantiseToSemitones(in);
		else
			return in;
	}
	void changePage(Page newPage)
	{
		if(page != newPage)
		{
			page = newPage;
			updateNumButtons();
			if(kPagePerf == page)
			{
				// we may have updated keyStepModes and/or offsetParameters
				updatePreset();
			}
			if(kPageTuning == page)
			{
				// if in keys mode start by allowing sampling (may be later disabled)
				samplingEnabled = seqMode ? false : true;
			}
		}
	}
	void changeState(TouchState newState, const centroid_t& centroid)
	{
		S(printf("%s, {%.2f} %.2f_", touchStateNames[newState], centroid.location, out));
		switch(newState)
		{
		case kInitial:
		{
			touch = Touch();
			ssize_t key = getKeyFromLocation(centroid.location);
			if(key >= 0)
				touch.key = key;
			else
				changeState(kDisabled, centroid);
		}
			break;
		case kGood:
			break;
		case kMoved:
			touch.filt = {0};
			break;
		case kBending:
			touch.bendStartLocation = centroid.location;
			touch.bendDeadTime = 0;
			touch.bendHasLeftStartKeyDeadSpot = false;
			break;
		case kHold:
			touch.holdHasReleased = false;
			break;
		case kDisabled:
			break;
		case kNumStates:
			break;
		}
		S(printf("\n\r"));
		touch.state = newState;
		touch.initialLocation = centroid.location;
		touch.initialOut = out;
		touch.initialFrameId = frameId;
	}
	bool shouldBend(const centroid_t& centroid)
	{
		float diff = centroid.location - touch.initialLocation;
		// check that we are far enough from the initial position
		if(fabsf(diff)> kBendStartThreshold)
		{
			size_t key = touch.key;
			// and that we are not bending towards the outer edges of the keyboard
			if(
				(diff < 0 && key > 0)
				|| (diff > 0 && key < (numButtons - 1))
				)
				return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	float getMidLocationFromKey(size_t key)
	{
		return key * step + step * 0.5f;
	}

	ssize_t getKeyFromLocation(float location)
	{
		size_t key;
		// identify candidate key
		for(key = 0; key < numButtons; ++key)
		{
			float top = (key + 1) * step;
			if(location <= top)
				break;
		}
		if(numButtons == key)
			return -1; // weird ...
		// validate that we are not _too far_ from the center
		float centre = getMidLocationFromKey(key);
		if(fabsf(location - centre) > kMaxDistanceFromCenter)
			return -1;
		return key;
	}
	static constexpr size_t kMaxNumButtons = 5;
	void updateNumButtons()
	{
		// update keysIdx
		size_t count = 0;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < kMaxNumButtons; ++n)
		{
			if(keyIsEnabled(n))
			{
				keysIdx[count] = n;
				count++;
			}
		}
		std::fill(keysIdx.begin() + count, keysIdx.end(), kMaxNumButtons);
#if 0
		// log the resulting idxs
		for(size_t n = 0; n < keyIsEnabled(n); ++n)
			printf("%d ", keysIdx[n]);
		printf("<<\n\r");
#endif

		if(seqMode || kPageSetMode == page)
			numButtons = kMaxNumButtons;
		else
			numButtons = std::min(count, static_cast<size_t>(kMaxNumButtons));

		step = 1.f / numButtons;
		kMaxDistanceFromCenter = step * 0.85f;
		kMoveThreshold = step * 0.1f;
		kBendStartThreshold = step * 0.4f; // could be same as kMaxDistanceFromCenter?
		kBendDeadSpot = step * 0.2f;
	}
	void setStepNow(size_t key)
	{
		seqCurrentStep = key;
		setNextStep((seqCurrentStep + 1) % kMaxNumButtons);
	}
	void setNextStep(size_t key)
	{
		seqNextStep = key;
	}
	size_t numButtons;
	float step;
	float kMaxDistanceFromCenter;
	float kMoveThreshold;
	float kBendStartThreshold;
	float kBendDeadSpot;
	uint64_t lastTriggerOutSet = 0;
	float triggerOut = 0;
	float seqOut = 0;
	float seqAlpha = 0;
	static constexpr size_t kBendDeadSpotMaxCount = 40;
	static constexpr float b0 = float(0.9922070637080485);
	static constexpr float b1 = float(-0.9922070637080485);
	static constexpr float a1 = float(-0.9844141274160969);
	static constexpr size_t kKeyInvalid = -1;
	static constexpr float kHoldMsToEnterManualTuning = 3000;
	struct Touch {
		TouchState state = kDisabled;
		size_t key = 0;
		float initialLocation = 0;
		float initialOut = 0;
		uint32_t initialFrameId;
		float bendStartLocation = 0;
		float mod = 0;
		struct {
			float y1 = 0;
			float x1 = 0;
		} filt;
		size_t bendDeadTime = 0;
		size_t bendDeadKey = -1;
		bool bendHasLeftStartKeyDeadSpot = false;
		bool holdHasReleased = false;
	} touch;
	enum StepMode {
		kStepNormal,
		kStepHold,
		kStepMuted,
		kStepDisabled,
		kStepModesNum,
	};
	// order matches the above
	std::array<rgb_t,kStepModesNum> stepColors = {{
			kRgbGreen,
			kRgbYellow.scaledBy(0.7),
			kRgbRed.scaledBy(0.7),
			kRgbBlack,
	}};
	struct KeyStepMode {
		bool k : 4;
		StepMode s : 4;
		static KeyStepMode getDefault() {
			return KeyStepMode{.k = true, .s = kStepNormal};
		}
	};
	std::array<uint8_t,kMaxNumButtons> keysIdx = FILL_ARRAY(keysIdx, kMaxNumButtons);
	std::array<float,kNumOutChannels> pastOuts;
	TouchTracker::Id pastTouchId;
	size_t pastNumTouches = 0;
	float sampled = 0;
	size_t sampledKey = kKeyInvalid;
	TouchState samplingPastTouchState = kDisabled;
	Page page = kPagePerf;
	// this is used in order to ignore effect of single and {single,double} click when
	// processing a double or triple click, respectively.
	Page onClickGroupStartWas = kPagePerf;
	size_t seqCurrentStep = 0;
	size_t seqPastStep = -1;
	size_t seqNextStep = 1;
	TouchTracker::Id seqPastTouchIdUpdated = TouchTracker::kIdInvalid;
	uint64_t pastAnalogRisingEdgeSamples = 0;
	bool pastAnalogInHigh = false;
	bool samplingEnabled;
	std::array<rgb_t,kMaxNumButtons> colors = {{
		crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbOrange, 0),
		crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbOrange, 0.25),
		crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbOrange, 0.5),
		crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbOrange, 0.75),
		crossfade(kRgbGreen, kRgbOrange, 1),
	}};
public:
	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		PerformanceMode::updated(p);
		if(p.same(modRange)) {
			seqAlpha = modRange < 0.05 ? 0 : 0.9 + modRange * 0.09996; // stay clear of 1.0. TODO: more usable mapping
		} else if(p.same(seqMode)) {
			updateNumButtons();
		} else if(p.same(quantised)) {
		} else if(p.same(offsetParameterRaw))
		{
			IoRange outRange = ioRangesParameters.outTop;
			float min;
			float max;
			outRange.getMinMax(min, max);
			float value = map(offsetParameterRaw, 0, 1, min, max);
			offsetParameters[seqMode ? keyBeingAdjusted : keysIdx[keyBeingAdjusted]].set(value);
		} else {
			for(size_t n = 0; n < kMaxNumButtons; ++n)
			{
				if(p.same(keyStepModes[n]))
				{
					updateNumButtons();
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	void animate(Parameter& p, LedSlider& l, rgb_t color, uint32_t ms) override
	{
		constexpr uint32_t kDuration = 1000;
		if(p.same(quantised))
		{
			// continuous: show a centroid move smoothly from bottom to top
			// quantised: same as above but with visible steps
			if(ms < kDuration)
			{
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				float loc = simpleRamp(ms, kDuration);
				if(quantised)
					loc = std::floor(loc * 5) / 5.f + 0.1f;
				gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = loc, .size = kFixedCentroidSize}, color);
			}
		} else if(p.same(seqMode)) {
			if(ms < kDuration)
			{
				// keys: display three keys, static
				// sequencer: display three keys with each setting highlighted in turn (as if it was going through the sequencer)
				gAnimateFs.writeInit(p, l);
				constexpr size_t kNumAnimationKeys = 2;
				std::array<float,kNumAnimationKeys> locs = {0.2, 0.7};
				size_t h = size_t(std::floor(ms / float(kDuration) * kNumAnimationKeys * 2)) % locs.size(); // highlighted key
				for(size_t n = 0; n < locs.size(); ++n)
				{
					float size = kFixedCentroidSize;
					if(seqMode)
					{
						if(h == n)
							size *= 2;
						else
							size *= 0.5f;
					}
					gAnimateFs.directWriteCentroid(p, l, { .location = locs[n], .size = size }, color, 2);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(quantised), MP(seqMode), MP(modRange), MP(offsetParameters), MP(keyStepModes));
	}
	ExprButtonsMode() :
		PerformanceMode(kRgbOrange),
		presetFieldData {
			.ioRanges = ioRangesParameters,
			.quantised = quantised,
			.seqMode = seqMode,
			.modRange = modRange,
			.offsetParameters = {
				ENUMERATE_ARRAY_5(offsetParameters),
			},
			.keyStepModes = {
				ENUMERATE_ARRAY_5(keyStepModes),
			},
		}
	{
		parameters = {{ seqMode, quantised, modRange,
				ENUMERATE_ARRAY_5(offsetParameters),
				ENUMERATE_ARRAY_5(keyStepModes),
				// offsetParameterRaw, // doesn't need to be exposed
		}};
		// set default range to 0V : 2V
		ioRangesParameters.outTop.cvRange.set(kCvRangeCustom);
		ioRangesParameters.outTop.min.set(vToOut(0, true));
		ioRangesParameters.outTop.max.set(vToOut(2, true));
		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(quantised), MP(seqMode), MP(modRange), MP(offsetParameters), MP(keyStepModes)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(quantised), MP(seqMode), MP(modRange), MP(offsetParameters), MP(keyStepModes)),
		};
		presetDescSet(3, &presetDesc);
	}
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		if(idx < colors.size())
			return &colors[idx];
		else {
			idx -= colors.size();
			if(idx < stepColors.size())
				return &stepColors[idx];
		}
		return nullptr;
	}
	ParameterEnumT<2,bool> quantised {this, false};
	ParameterEnumT<2,bool> seqMode{this, false};
	ParameterContinuous modRange {this, 0.1};
	ParameterContinuous offsetParameterRaw {this, 0};
	// do not retrieve offsetParameters directly, use getOutForKey() instead
	std::array<ParameterContinuous,kMaxNumButtons> offsetParameters {
		ParameterContinuous(this, semiToNorm(66)), // F#
		ParameterContinuous(this, semiToNorm(67)), // G
		ParameterContinuous(this, semiToNorm(69)), // A
		ParameterContinuous(this, semiToNorm(71)), // B
		ParameterContinuous(this, semiToNorm(74)), // D
	};
	std::array<ParameterGenericT<KeyStepMode>,kMaxNumButtons> keyStepModes = FILL_ARRAY(keyStepModes, {this, KeyStepMode::getDefault()});
	struct PresetFieldData_t {
		IoRanges ioRanges;
		uint8_t quantised;
		uint8_t seqMode;
		float modRange;
		std::array<float,kMaxNumButtons> offsetParameters;
		std::array<KeyStepMode,kMaxNumButtons> keyStepModes;
	} presetFieldData;
private:
	float out = 0;
	size_t keyBeingAdjusted = kKeyInvalid;
	size_t heldFrames = 0;
	uint32_t frameId = -1;
} gExprButtonsMode;
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE

static constexpr float fromCode(uint16_t code)
{
	return code / 4096.f;
}

static constexpr uint16_t toCode(float out)
{
	if(out >= 4095.f)
		return 4095;
	if(out <= 0)
		return 0;
	return 4096.f * out;
}

static void calibrationPrint(const CalibrationData& c)
{
	for(auto v : c.values)
		printf("%f(%d) ", v, unsigned(v * 4096));
	printf("\n\r");
}

class CalibrationProcedure : public ParameterUpdateCapable {
public:
typedef enum {
	kWaitToStart,
	kNoInput,
	kWaitConnect,
	kConnected,
	kDone,
} Calibration_t;
Calibration_t getState() { return calibrationState; }

private:
class CalibrationDataParameter : public CalibrationData, public Parameter {
public:
	CalibrationDataParameter(ParameterUpdateCapable* that) : that(that) {}
	void set(const CalibrationData& cal) {
		values = cal.values;
		that->updated(*this);
	}
	CalibrationData get() const {
		return *(CalibrationData*)this;
	}
private:
	ParameterUpdateCapable* that;
};
Calibration_t calibrationState;
CalibrationDataParameter calibrationOut {this};
CalibrationDataParameter calibrationIn {this};

typedef enum {
	kFindingDacGnd,
	kFindingAdcVals,
	kFindingDone,
} Connected_t;
Connected_t connectedState;
unsigned int findingAdcIdx;
size_t count;
float adcAccu;
size_t startCountBlocks;
float minDiff;
uint16_t minCode;
uint16_t outCode;
// some reasonable defaults
float outGnd = 0.333447;
float outBottom = 0;
float outTop = 1;
float inGnd = 0.365818;
float inBottom = 0;
float inTop = 1;
static constexpr unsigned kAverageCount = 2000;
static constexpr unsigned kConnectedStepCount = 60;
static constexpr unsigned kWaitAfterSetting = 5;
static constexpr unsigned kDoneCount = 3000;
static constexpr unsigned kWaitPostThreshold = 1000;
static constexpr float kAdcConnectedThreshold = 0.1;
static constexpr float kStep = 1;
static constexpr float kRangeStart = toCode(0.30);
static constexpr float kRangeStop = toCode(0.35);
static constexpr float kIoTopV = 10;
static constexpr float kIoGndV = 0;
static constexpr float kIoBottomV = -5;

void publishCalibrationData()
{
	calibrationOut.values = {outBottom, outGnd, outTop};
	calibrationIn.values = {inBottom, inGnd, inTop};
}
public:
CalibrationProcedure() :
	presetFieldData({
		// using get() to (inexplicably?) remove a (spurious?) compiler warning
		.calibrationOut = calibrationOut.get(),
		.calibrationIn = calibrationIn.get(),
	})
{
	publishCalibrationData(); // load factory settings
	PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
		.field = this,
		.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
		.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(calibrationOut), MP(calibrationIn)),
		.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(calibrationOut), MP(calibrationIn)),
	};
	presetDescSet(4, &presetDesc);
}
void updated(Parameter& p)
{
	if(p.same(calibrationOut)) {
		printf("CalibrationProcedure: updated calibration out: ");
		calibrationPrint(calibrationOut);
	}
	else if (p.same(calibrationIn)) {
		printf("CalibrationProcedure: updated calibration in: ");
		calibrationPrint(calibrationIn);
	}
}
void updatePreset() override
{
	updatePresetField(this, MP(calibrationOut), MP(calibrationIn));
}
struct PresetFieldData_t {
	CalibrationData calibrationOut {};
	CalibrationData calibrationIn {};
} presetFieldData;
void setup()
{
	count = 0;
	calibrationState = kWaitToStart;
	printf("Disconnect INPUT\n\r"); // TODO: this is printed repeatedly till you release the button
	gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualBlock);
}

void process(BelaContext* context)
{
	float anIn = tri.analogRead();
	gOverride.started = HAL_GetTick();
	gOverride.isSize = false;
	switch (calibrationState)
	{
		case kWaitToStart:
			gOverride.started = 0;
			count = 0;
			break;
		case kNoInput:
			// when this first starts, we may still be using calibration
			// on the inputs, so wait a couple of blocks to ensure we get
			// non-calibrated inputs
			if(startCountBlocks < kWaitAfterSetting)
			{
				startCountBlocks++;
				break;
			}
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
			{
				adcAccu += analogRead(context, n, 0) * (1.f / float(kAverageCount));
				count++;
				if(kAverageCount == count)
				{
					calibrationState = kWaitConnect;
					inGnd = adcAccu;
					printf("inGnd: %.5f, connect an input\n\r", inGnd);
					outCode = 0; // set this as a test value so we can detect when DAC is connected to ADC
					count = 0;
					break;
				}
			}
			break;
		case kWaitConnect:
			// wait for ADC to be connected, then wait some more to avoid any spurious transients
			if(anIn < kAdcConnectedThreshold)
			{
				if(0 == count)
					printf("Jack connected");
				count++;
			} else {
				count = 0;
			}
			if(kWaitPostThreshold == count)
			{
				printf(", started\n\r");
				calibrationState = kConnected;
				minDiff = 1000000000;
				minCode = 4096;
				outCode = kRangeStart;
				connectedState = kFindingDacGnd;
				startCountBlocks = 0;
			}
			break;
		case kConnected:
		{
			switch(connectedState)
			{
				case kFindingDacGnd:
				{
					if(startCountBlocks < kWaitAfterSetting)
					{
						startCountBlocks++;
						count = 0;
						adcAccu = 0;
					} else {
						for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
						{
							adcAccu += analogRead(context, n, 0) * (1.f / float(kConnectedStepCount));
							count++;
							if (kConnectedStepCount == count)
							{
								float average = adcAccu;
								float diff = average - inGnd;
								diff = std::abs(diff);
								if(diff < minDiff)
								{
									minDiff = diff;
									minCode = outCode;
								}
								startCountBlocks = 0;
								outCode += kStep;
								if(outCode >= kRangeStop)
								{
									printf("Gotten a minimum at code %u (%f), diff: %f)\n\r", minCode, fromCode(minCode), minDiff);
									outGnd = fromCode(minCode);
									// now that outGnd is set, we can use fromVolt()
									outTop = fromVolt(kIoTopV);
									outBottom = fromVolt(kIoBottomV);
									printf("DAC: %.2fV: %f(%d), %.2fV: %f(%d), %.2fV: %f(%d)\n\r",
											kIoBottomV, outBottom, toCode(outBottom),
											kIoGndV, outGnd, toCode(outGnd),
											kIoTopV, outTop, toCode(outTop));
									startCountBlocks = 0;
									connectedState = kFindingAdcVals;
									findingAdcIdx = 0;
								}
								break;
							}
						}
					}
				}
					break;
				case kFindingAdcVals:
				{
					if(0 == findingAdcIdx)
						outCode = toCode(outBottom);
					else if (1 == findingAdcIdx)
						outCode = toCode(outTop);
					else {
						connectedState = kFindingDone;
						break;
					}
					if(startCountBlocks < kWaitAfterSetting)
					{
						startCountBlocks++;
						adcAccu = 0;
						count = 0;
					} else {
						for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
						{
							adcAccu += analogRead(context, n, 0) * 1.f / float(kAverageCount);
							++count;
							if(kAverageCount == count) {
								// store the resulting value
								float value = adcAccu;
								switch(findingAdcIdx)
								{
								case 0:
									inBottom = value;
									break;
								case 1:
									inTop = value;
									break;
								}
								findingAdcIdx++;
								startCountBlocks = 0;
							}
						}
					}
				}
					break;
				case kFindingDone:
					calibrationState = kDone;
					count = 0;
					printf("ADC: %.2fV: %f(%d), %.2fV: %f(%d), %.2fV: %f(%d)\n\r",
							kIoBottomV, inBottom, toCode(inBottom),
							kIoGndV, inGnd, toCode(inGnd),
							kIoTopV, inTop, toCode(inTop));
					publishCalibrationData();
					break;
			}
		}
			break;
		case kDone:
		{
#if 0
			// loop through three states showing the -5V, 0V, 10V output range of the module
			uint16_t bottomCode = toCode(outBottom);
			uint16_t topCode = toCode(outTop);
			uint16_t gndCode = toCode(outGnd);
			if(outCode != gndCode && outCode != bottomCode && outCode != topCode)
				outCode = gndCode;
			if(count >= kDoneCount)
			{
				count = 0;
				if(gndCode == outCode)
					outCode = topCode;
				else if(topCode == outCode)
					outCode = bottomCode;
				else if(bottomCode == outCode)
					outCode = gndCode;
			}
			count++;
#else
			gOverride.started = 0;
#endif
		}
			break;
	}
	gOverride.out = fromCode(outCode);
	gOverride.ch = 0;
	gOverride.bypassOutRange = true;
}
void start(){
	calibrationState = kNoInput;
	startCountBlocks = 0;
	adcAccu = 0;
}
void stop(){
	calibrationState = kWaitToStart;
}
void toggle()
{
	if(running())
		stop();
	else
		start();
}
bool running()
{
	return !(kWaitToStart == calibrationState|| kDone == calibrationState);
}
bool done()
{
	return kDone == calibrationState;
}
const CalibrationData& getIn() const
{
	return calibrationIn;
}
const CalibrationData& getOut() const
{
	return calibrationOut;
}
bool valid()
{
	return calibrationState >= kDone;
}
uint16_t getCode()
{
	return outCode;
}
float fromVolt(float Vo)
{
	// full range DAC is Vdfs = 3.3V
	// output gain after the DAC can be assumed fixed at Ro/Ri
	// as we are using .1% resistors  (it's an inverting amp,
	// but there is an inversion in sw elsewhere). This gives a nominal
	// analog out of 3.3 * 127/27 = 15.52V
	// The offset is such that
	// when gndCode is sent out, the output voltage is 0V.
	//
	// So, at the net of an offset (which we compensate for at
	// the end), we have:
	//   Vo = out * Vdfs * Ga
	// where out is the dac out relative to full scale and
	//   Ga = Ro/Ri // analog gain
	// so:
	//   out = Vo / (Vdfs * Ga)
	constexpr float Vdfs = 3.3;
	constexpr float Ro = 127;
	constexpr float Ri = 27;
	constexpr float Ga = Ro / Ri;
	float out = Vo / (Vdfs * Ga);
	// compensate for offset:
	out += outGnd;
	return out;
}
} gCalibrationProcedure;

static constexpr CalibrationData kNoCalibration = {
	.values = {CalibrationData::points}, // passthrough
};

CalibrationData const& getCalibrationInput()
{
	if(gInUsesCalibration)
		return gCalibrationProcedure.getIn();
	else
		return kNoCalibration;
}

CalibrationData const& getCalibrationOutput()
{
	if(gOutUsesCalibration)
		return gCalibrationProcedure.getOut();
	else
		return kNoCalibration;
}

// crossfadeRgbChannel
static uint8_t crg(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, float idx)
{
	return a * (1.f - idx) + b * idx;
}
static rgb_t crossfade(const rgb_t& a, const rgb_t& b, float idx)
{
	return rgb_t{
		.r = crg(a.r, b.r, idx),
		.g = crg(a.g, b.g, idx),
		.b = crg(a.b, b.b, idx),
	};
}

class AnalogVerifier {
private:
	uint64_t lastSet;
	float value;
	size_t channel;
	size_t failCount;
	bool inited;
	void setValue(uint64_t now, float val)
	{
		lastSet = now;
		value = val;
		failCount = 0;
	}
public:
	AnalogVerifier(size_t channel):
		channel(channel),
		inited(false)
	{}
	int render(BelaContext* context)
	{
		static constexpr float kThreshold = 0.05;
		static constexpr size_t kMaxFails = 5;
		uint64_t now = context->audioFramesElapsed;
		if(!inited)
		{
			setValue(now, 0.05);
			inited = true;
		}
		bool outOfRange = false;
		// a generous wait between starting to write a value and reading it back
		// this is for two reasons:
		// - a longer wait is needed when resetting from 1 to 0
		// because of the external capacitance and large voltage swing
		// - much larger wait is used for channel 1 so that the procedure takes
		// long enough that the operator notices it happens
		if(now - lastSet >= context->analogFrames * 12 * (0 == channel ? 1 : 5))
		{
			float minDiff = 10000;
			float maxDiff = -1;
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
			{
				float diff = value - analogRead(context, n, 0);
				if(std::abs(diff) > kThreshold)
					outOfRange = true;
				maxDiff = std::max(maxDiff, diff);
				minDiff = std::min(minDiff, diff);
			}
			if(outOfRange)
				failCount++;
			if(outOfRange && failCount < kMaxFails)
				printf(".");
			else if(kMaxFails == failCount || !outOfRange)
			{
				printf("%d,o:%.2f,%s,{%.5f,%.5f}\n\r", channel, value, outOfRange ? "FAIL" : "PASS", minDiff, maxDiff);
			}
			if(!outOfRange)
				setValue(now, value + 0.05);
		}
		analogWrite(context, 0, channel, value);
		if(failCount > kMaxFails)
			return -1;
		if(value > 0.99) // done successfully
			return 1;
		return 0;
	}
	static bool formal(const CalibrationData& inCal, const CalibrationData& outCal)
	{
		const auto& in = inCal.values;
		const auto& out = outCal.values;
		// calibration is done, check if its values make sense
		return (in[0] > 0 && in[0] < 0.1
			&& in[2] > 0.9 && in[2] < 4095.f/4096.f
			&& out[0] > 0 && out[0] < 0.1
			&& out[2] > 0.9 && out[2] < 4095.f/4096.f
		);
	}
};

static constexpr rgb_t kCalibrationColor = kRgbRed;
class CalibrationMode : public PerformanceModeWithoutRanges {
	enum Animation {
		kBlink,
		kStatic,
		kGlow,
	};
	rgb_t baseColor;
	uint32_t startTime;
	size_t demoModeCount;
	size_t demoModeState;
	double lastClickMs;
	AnalogVerifier analogVerifier {0};
	static constexpr uint32_t kInvalidMs = -1;
	static constexpr float kPostClickTimeoutMs = 300;
	void resetDemoMode()
	{
		demoModeCount = 0;
		demoModeState = 0;
	}
	enum VerifierState {
		kStateNotRunning,
		kStateFormal,
		kStateRunning,
		kStateSuccess,
		kStateFailed,
	} state;
public:
	CalibrationMode(const rgb_t& color) :
		baseColor(color),
		startTime(HAL_GetTick())
	{}
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		if(0 == idx)
			return &baseColor;
		return nullptr;
	}
	bool setup(double ms){
		gCalibrationProcedure.setup();
		resetDemoMode();
		ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(
			baseColor,
			LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS
		);
		lastClickMs = kInvalidMs;
		state = kStateNotRunning;
		return true;
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		// these may be overridden below if calibration is done
		gOutUsesCalibration = false;
		gInUsesCalibration = false;
		gInUsesRange = false;
		gOutUsesRange = {false, false};
		uint32_t tick = HAL_GetTick();
		// wait for button press to start or stop calibration or exit mode
		ButtonView btn = ButtonViewSimplify(performanceBtn);
		bool shouldRestart = false;
		if(done() && success())
		{
			// if procedure is successful, postpone the effect of a click until
			// we verify whether it's a double click or not.
			if(btn.offset)
			{
				lastClickMs = tri.getTimeMs();
			}
			// if single click exit
			if(kInvalidMs != lastClickMs && tri.getTimeMs() - lastClickMs >= kPostClickTimeoutMs)
			{
				lastClickMs = kInvalidMs;
				requestOldMode();
				gp_store();
				return;
			}
			// if double click restart
			if(btn.doubleClickOffset)
			{
				shouldRestart = true;
				lastClickMs = kInvalidMs;
			}
		} else {
			if(btn.offset)
				shouldRestart = true;
		}
		if(shouldRestart)
		{
			gCalibrationProcedure.toggle();
			resetDemoMode();
		}
		bool wasDone = gCalibrationProcedure.done();
		gCalibrationProcedure.process(context);
		if(!wasDone && gCalibrationProcedure.done())
		{
			state = kStateFormal;
		}

		Animation animation = kStatic;
		CalibrationProcedure::Calibration_t calibrationState = gCalibrationProcedure.getState();
		size_t begin = 8;
		size_t end = 16;
		switch(calibrationState)
		{
		default:
		case CalibrationProcedure::kNoInput:
			animation = kGlow;
			break;
		case CalibrationProcedure::kWaitConnect:
			animation = kBlink;
			break;
		case CalibrationProcedure::kConnected:
			animation = kGlow;
			break;
		case CalibrationProcedure::kDone:
		case CalibrationProcedure::kWaitToStart:
		{
			// override is disabled here (CalibrationProcedure is not sending out anything),
			// so we enable calibration and send out fixed test voltages
			gOutUsesCalibration = true;
			gInUsesCalibration = true;
			gInUsesRange = false; // still disabled: want to get actual volts
			gOutUsesRange = {false, false}; // still disabled: want to get actual volts
			if(kStateFormal == state)
			{
				if(AnalogVerifier::formal(getCalibrationInput(), getCalibrationOutput()))
				{
					analogVerifier = AnalogVerifier(0);
					state = kStateRunning;
				} else {
					printf("Formal validation failed\n\r");
					state = kStateFailed;
				}
			} else
			if(kStateRunning == state)
			{
				int ret = analogVerifier.render(context);
				if(ret)
				{
					if(ret > 0)
						state = kStateSuccess;
					else
						state = kStateFailed;
				}
			} else {
				static constexpr std::array<float,4> kTestVoltages = {0, 5, 10, -5};
				demoModeCount++;
				if((demoModeCount % 300) == 0)
					printf("%.4f->%.3fV\n\r", analogRead(context, 0, 0), inToV(analogRead(context, 0, 0)));
				if(3000 == demoModeCount)
				{
					demoModeCount = 0;
					demoModeState++;
					if(demoModeState == kTestVoltages.size())
						demoModeState = 0;
				}
				LedSlider& sl = ledSliders.sliders[0];
				float v = kTestVoltages[demoModeState];
				if(sl.getNumTouches()) // draw voltage quantised to 1V
					v = round(normToVfs(sl.compoundTouchLocation()));
				float out = vToOut(v);
				for(size_t c = 0; c < kNumOutChannels; ++c)
					analogWrite(context, 0, c, out);
				if(CalibrationProcedure::kDone == calibrationState)
					animation = kGlow;
				else
					animation = kStatic;
				begin = out * (np.getNumPixels() - 1);
				end = begin + 1;
			}
			if(done())
			{
				if(kStateSuccess == state)
					tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1);
				else if(kStateFailed == state)
					tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 1);
			}
		}
			break;
		}
		float gain;
		constexpr size_t kPeriod = 500;
		rgb_t color = kRgbOrange;
		rgb_t otherColor = kRgbBlack;
		switch(animation)
		{
		default:
		case kBlink:
			gain = ((tick - startTime) % kPeriod) > kPeriod / 2;
			break;
		case kGlow:
			gain = simpleTriangle(tick, kPeriod);
			otherColor = baseColor;
			break;
		case kStatic:
			gain = 1;
			break;
		}
		color = crossfade(otherColor, color, gain);
		if(ledSliders.areLedsEnabled())
		{
			np.clear();
			for(size_t n = begin; n < np.getNumPixels() && n < end; ++n)
				np.setPixelColor(n, color.scaledBy(0.2));
		}
	}
	void updatePreset() override
	{
		gCalibrationProcedure.updatePreset();
	}
	bool done()
	{
		return gCalibrationProcedure.done() && (kStateSuccess == state || kStateFailed == state);
	}
	bool success()
	{
		return done() && kStateSuccess == state;
	}
} gCalibrationMode(kCalibrationColor);

class FactoryTestMode: public PerformanceModeWithoutRanges {
public:
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		// TODO
		return nullptr;
	}
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(kRgbBlack, LedSlider::MANUAL_DIRECT); // dummy so that ledSliders are initialised
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		stateSuccess = false;
		testFailed = false;
		state = kNumStates;
		nextState();
		return true;
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		if(!gAlt)
			np.clear();
		gOutMode.fill(kOutModeManualSample);
		gInUsesRange = false;
		gOutUsesRange.fill(false);
		if(performanceBtn.offset)
		{
			// by checking this early on, we make sure
			// gPerformanceMode doesn't grab our button presses
			performanceBtn.offset = false;
			performanceBtn.tripleClick = false;
			if(kNumStates == state)
			{
				if(allTestsSuccessful())
				{
					requestOldMode();
					gp_store();
				}
				else if(++finalButtonCount >= 2)
					nextState();
			} else
				nextState();
		}
		if(testFailed)
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kR, 1);
		if(stateSuccess)
		{
			// display a green LED and wait for button press to start next test
			tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1);
		} else {
			switch(state)
			{
			case kStateButton:
			{
				bool value = countMs < 300;
				if(countMs > 600)
					countMs = 0;
				tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, value ? TRI::kG : TRI::kR);
				if(!gAlt)
				{
					rgb_t color = value ? kRgbRed.scaledBy(0.1) : kRgbOrange.scaledBy(0.1);
					for(size_t n = 0; n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
						np.setPixelColor(n, color.r, color.g, color.b);
				}
				// this requires visual testing, so here we assume it is successful
				testSuccessful[state] = true;
			}
				break;
			case kStateSliderLeds:
			{
				size_t n = stateSliderLedCount % kNumLeds;
				if(!gAlt)
					np.setPixelColor(n, 190, 190, 190);
				if(countMs > 300)
				{
					stateSliderLedCount++;
					countMs = 0;
				}
				if(stateSliderLedCount >= kNumLeds)
					stateSliderLedCount = 0;
				// this requires visual testing, so here we assume it is successful
				testSuccessful[state] = true;
			}
				break;
			case kStatePads:
			{
				extern std::vector<unsigned int> padsToOrderMap;
				bool success = true; // tentative
				std::array<bool,kNumLeds> allGood;
				allGood.fill(true);
				const std::vector<float>& rawData = trill.rawData;
				assert(padsToOrderMap.size() == kNumPads);
				assert(padStates.size() == kNumPads);
				for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumPads; ++n)
				{
					PadState& t = padStates[n];
					size_t orderIdx = fixedOrientation(n, padsToOrderMap.size() - 1);
					size_t pad = padsToOrderMap[orderIdx];
					if(pad >= rawData.size())
						continue;
					const float v = rawData[pad];
					size_t led = kNumLeds * n / float(kNumPads);
					bool good = false;
					switch(t)
					{
					case kPadStateInitial:
						if(0 == v)
							t = kPadStateHasHadZero;
						break;
					case kPadStateHasHadZero:
						if(v > 0.1)
							t = kPadStateHasHadValue;
						break;
					case kPadStateHasHadValue:
						// nothing to do
						good = true;
						break;
					}
					if(!good)
					{
						success = false;
						allGood[led] = false;
					}
				}
				// after we set all allGood, we write them to the leds
				if(!gAlt)
				{
					for(size_t n = 0; n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
						np.setPixelColor(n, (allGood[n] ? kRgbBlack : kRgbYellow).scaledBy(0.2));
				}
				if(success)
					stateSuccess = true;
			}
				break;
			case kStateCalibrationAndTopOut:
			{
				// process until calibration is done
				if(!gCalibrationMode.done())
					gCalibrationMode.render(context, frameData);
				if(gCalibrationMode.done())
				{
					if(gCalibrationMode.success())
						stateSuccess = true;
					else
						testFailed = true;
				}
				break;
			}
			case kStateWiggleTop:
			{
				processWiggler(context, 0);
				break;
			}
			case kStateVerifyBottomOut:
			{
				int ret = analogVerifier.render(context);
				if(ret)
				{
					stateSuccess = ret > 0;
					testFailed |= ret < 0;
				}
				if(!gAlt)
				{
					if(!testFailed)
					{
						float tri = simpleTriangle(context->audioFramesElapsed, unsigned(context->analogSampleRate) * 2);
						rgb_t color = kRgbOrange;
						size_t n = tri * np.getNumPixels();
						np.setPixelColor(n, color);
					}
				}
				break;
			}
			case kStateWiggleBottom:
			{
				processWiggler(context, 1);
				break;
			}
			case kNumStates:
				if(!gAlt)
				{
					rgb_t color;
					if(allTestsSuccessful())
						color = kRgbGreen;
					else
						color = kRgbRed;
					for(size_t n = 0; n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
						np.setPixelColor(n, color.scaledBy(0.2));
				}
			}
		}
		countMs += context->analogFrames / context->analogSampleRate * 1000;
	}

	void updatePreset() override
	{}
private:
	bool allTestsSuccessful()
	{
		bool success = true;
		for(auto& t : testSuccessful)
		{
			if(!t)
				success = false;
		}
		return success;
	}
	void nextState() {
		if(stateSuccess)
			testSuccessful[state] = true;
		stateSuccess = false;
		int newState = (int)this->state + 1;
		if(newState > kNumStates)
			newState = 0;
		countMs = 0;
		this->state = State(newState);
		initState();
	}
	void initState()
	{
		testFailed = false;
		// update global states
		switch(state)
		{
		case kStateButton:
			testSuccessful.fill(false);
			break;
		case kStateSliderLeds:
			stateSliderLedCount = 0;
			break;
		case kStatePads:
			padStates.fill(kPadStateInitial);
			break;
		case kStateCalibrationAndTopOut:
			gCalibrationMode.setup(-1);
			gCalibrationProcedure.start();
			break;
		case kStateWiggleTop:
			analogWiggler = AnalogWiggler();
			break;
		case kStateVerifyBottomOut:
			analogVerifier = AnalogVerifier(1);
			break;
		case kStateWiggleBottom:
			analogWiggler = AnalogWiggler();
			break;
		case kNumStates:
			finalButtonCount = 0;
			break;
		}
		countMs = 0;
	}
	double countMs = 0;
	enum State {
		kStateButton,
		kStateSliderLeds,
		kStatePads,
		kStateCalibrationAndTopOut,
		kStateWiggleTop,
		kStateVerifyBottomOut,
		kStateWiggleBottom,
		kNumStates,
	};
	State state = kStateButton;
	size_t stateSliderLedCount;
	enum PadState {
		kPadStateInitial,
		kPadStateHasHadZero,
		kPadStateHasHadValue,
	};
	std::array<PadState,kNumPads> padStates;
	std::array<bool,kNumStates> testSuccessful;
	size_t finalButtonCount;
	bool stateSuccess = false;
	bool testFailed;
	AnalogVerifier analogVerifier {0};
	class AnalogWiggler {
	private:
		size_t count;
		size_t samplingCount;
		double ref;
		bool inited;
	public:
		AnalogWiggler():
			inited(false)
		{
		}
		int render(BelaContext* context, size_t outCh)
		{
			constexpr float kThreshold = 0.02;
			size_t startSampling = context->analogFrames * 10;
			size_t startWiggling = startSampling + context->analogSampleRate * 0.1;
			size_t stopWiggling = startWiggling + context->analogSampleRate * 6;
			if(!inited)
			{
				inited = true;
				count = 0;
				ref = 0;
				samplingCount = 0;
			}
			for(size_t n = 0; n < context->analogFrames; ++n)
			{
				// write a fixed value
				analogWriteOnce(context, n, outCh, 0.6f);
				count++;
				float in = analogRead(context, n, 0);
				if(count >= startSampling && count <= startWiggling)
				{
					ref += in;
					samplingCount++;
				}
				if(count == startWiggling)
				{
					ref /= samplingCount;
				}
				if(count >= startWiggling && count < stopWiggling)
				{
					if(std::abs(in - ref) > kThreshold)
					{
						printf("wiggler: %.5f %.5f\n\r", ref, in);
						return -1;
					}
				}
				if(count >= stopWiggling)
					return 1; // done
			}
			return 0;
		}
	} analogWiggler;
	void processWiggler(BelaContext* context, size_t outCh)
	{
		int ret = analogWiggler.render(context, outCh);
		if(ret)
		{
			stateSuccess = ret > 0;
			testFailed |= ret < 0;
		}
		if(!gAlt)
		{
			//viz during test
			bool highSide = (uio.outputsSwapped() == uio.touchStripSwapped()) ? 0 == outCh : 1 == outCh;
			if(!testFailed)
			{
				rgb_t color = kRgbYellow;
				for(size_t n = highSide * 0.8f * kNumLeds; n < (0.2f + 0.8f * highSide) * kNumLeds; ++n)
					np.setPixelColor(n, color);
			}
		}
	}
} gFactoryTestMode;

extern const ssize_t kFactoryTestModeIdx;

class EraseSettingsMode: public PerformanceModeWithoutRanges {
public:
	rgb_t* getColor(size_t idx) override
	{
		// TODO
		return nullptr;
	}
	bool setup(double ms) override
	{
		ledSlidersSetupOneSlider(kRgbBlack, LedSlider::MANUAL_DIRECT); // dummy so that ledSliders are initialised
		changeState(kStateWaitingForConfirmation);
		return true;
	}
	void render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData) override
	{
		if(gAlt)
			return;
		np.clear();
		uint32_t ms = HAL_GetTick() - startMs;
		auto halves = getHalves();
		std::array<rgb_t,2> colors { kRgbRed, kRgbYellow };
		size_t halfSize = np.getNumPixels() / 2;
		switch(state)
		{
		case kStateWaitingForConfirmation:
		{
			constexpr size_t kPeriod = 1000;
			bool half = ms % kPeriod > kPeriod / 2;
			for(size_t h = 0; h < halves.size(); ++h)
			{
				size_t start = 0 + h * halfSize;
				size_t stop = halfSize * (1 + h);
				for(size_t n = start; n < stop; ++n)
				{
					rgb_t color = colors[h];
					if(halves[h] && (n == ((start + stop) / 2) || n == ((start + stop) / 2 + 1) ||  n == ((start + stop) / 2 + 2)))
						color = kRgbGreen;
					np.setPixelColor(n, color.scaledBy(0.3 * (half == h || halves[h])));
				}
			}

			// TODO: show current centroid in green
			if(halves[0] && halves[1])
				changeState(kStateConfirmationInProgress);
			if(ms > 10000)
				changeState(kStateAbort);
		}
			break;
		case kStateConfirmationInProgress:
		{
			constexpr size_t kDuration = 3000;
			float idx = ms / float(kDuration);
			size_t start = halfSize - idx * halfSize;
			size_t stop =  halfSize + idx * halfSize;
			for(size_t n = start; n < stop && n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
				np.setPixelColor(n, kRgbGreen.scaledBy(0.2));
			if(!halves[0] || !halves[1])
				changeState(kStateWaitingForConfirmation);
			if(ms > kDuration)
				changeState(kStateDisplayConfirmation);
		}
			break;
		case kStateDisplayConfirmation:
			for(size_t n = 0; n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
				np.setPixelColor(n, kRgbGreen.scaledBy(0.2));
			// ensure we run a couple of times before we erase flash, so display is shown
			if(ms > 100)
			{
				printf("ERASE SETTINGS\n\r");
				presetEraseAll();
				bootloaderResetTo(kBootloaderMagicUserApplication);
			}
			break;
		case kStateAbort:
			for(size_t n = 0; n < np.getNumPixels(); ++n)
				np.setPixelColor(n, kRgbRed.scaledBy(0.2));
			if(ms > 3000)
				requestNewMode(0);
			break;
		}
	}
	std::array<uint8_t,2> getHalves()
	{
		std::array<uint8_t,2> halves {};
		for(size_t n = 0; n < globalSlider.getNumTouches(); ++n)
		{
			float loc = globalSlider.touchLocation(n);
			halves[loc > 0.5]++;
		}
		for(size_t h = 0; h < halves.size(); ++h)
		{
			if(halves[h] != 1) // more than one finger: bad
				halves[h] = 0;
		}
		return halves;
	}
	void updatePreset() override
	{};
	enum State {
		kStateWaitingForConfirmation,
		kStateConfirmationInProgress,
		kStateDisplayConfirmation,
		kStateAbort,
	};
	void changeState(State state)
	{
		this->state = state;
		startMs = HAL_GetTick();
	}
	State state;
	uint32_t startMs;
} gEraseSettingsMode;

static std::array<PerformanceMode*,kNumModes> performanceModes = {
#ifdef TEST_MODE
	&gTestMode,
#endif // TEST_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
	&gDirectControlMode,
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
	&gRecorderMode,
#endif // RECORDER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
	&gScaleMeterMode,
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
	&gBalancedOscsMode,
#endif // ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
	&gExprButtonsMode,
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
	&gCalibrationMode,
	&gFactoryTestMode,
	&gEraseSettingsMode,
};

static size_t findModeIdx(const PerformanceMode& mode)
{
	auto it = std::find(performanceModes.begin(), performanceModes.end(), &mode);
	int idx = -1;
	if(it != performanceModes.end())
		idx = it - performanceModes.begin();
	assert(idx >= 0);
	// while we are at it, a sanity check that all modes have been init'ed
	for(auto& m : performanceModes)
		assert(m);
	return idx;
}
static const ssize_t kCalibrationModeIdx = findModeIdx(gCalibrationMode);
const ssize_t kFactoryTestModeIdx = findModeIdx(gFactoryTestMode);
static const ssize_t kEraseSettingsModeIdx = findModeIdx(gEraseSettingsMode);
uint8_t gNewMode = kFactoryTestModeIdx; // if there is a preset to load (i.e.: always except on first boot), this will be overridden then.
static uint8_t gOldMode = 0;

bool performanceMode_setup(double ms)
{
	tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kOff, TRI::kAll); // for good measure. TODO: this assumes the mode's setup() doesn't need the button leds
	if(gNewMode < kNumModes && performanceModes[gNewMode])
		return performanceModes[gNewMode]->setup(ms);
	else
		return true;
}

void performanceMode_render(BelaContext* context, FrameData* frameData)
{
	do_early_printf(); // the first time we start we print what happened early on
	// these are set here but may be overridden by render() below
	gOutUsesCalibration = true;
	gInUsesCalibration = true;
	gInUsesRange = true;
	gOutUsesRange = {true, true};
	gModeWantsInteractionPreMenu = false;
	gModeWantsMenuDelay = false;
	// call the processing callback
	if(gNewMode < kNumModes && performanceModes[gNewMode])
	{
		performanceModes[gNewMode]->render(context, frameData);
		IoRanges ioRanges = performanceModes[gNewMode]->ioRangesParameters;
		gOutRangeTop = ioRanges.outTop;
		gOutRangeBottom = ioRanges.outBottom;
		gInRange = ioRanges.in;
	}
	// make the final states visible to the wrapper
	gOutRangeTop.enabled = gOutUsesRange[0];
	gOutRangeBottom.enabled = gOutUsesRange[1];
	// note: this will only take effect from the next time this function is called,
	// because obviously input range processing has already been done  by time this
	// function is called. This is not an issue normally, as long as the processing
	// callbacks know about that.
	gInRange.enabled = gInUsesRange;
}

static bool pulses(uint32_t ms, uint32_t period, size_t numPulses)
{
	size_t blankPeriods = 2;
	size_t periods = blankPeriods + numPulses;
	size_t totalMs = periods * period;
	float ramp = simpleRamp(ms, totalMs);
	float step = 1.f / periods;
	float on = 0.5f * step;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < numPulses; ++n)
	{
		float start = n * step;
		float stop = start + on;
		if(ramp >= start && ramp < stop)
			return true;
	}
	return false;
}

class ButtonAnimation {
public:
	void process(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value)
	{
		constexpr unsigned int kPeriod = 1000;
		constexpr unsigned int kPulsesPeriod = 400;
		rgb_t color = buttonColors[getIdx(value)];
		switch(gAnimationMode)
		{
		case kNumAnimationMode:
		case kAnimationModeConsistent:
		case kAnimationModeConsistentWithFs:
		{
			float coeff;
			float tri = simpleTriangle(ms, kPeriod);
			switch(int(value))
			{
			default:
			case 0: // solid
				coeff = 1;
				break;
			case 1: // "sine"
				coeff = tri;
				break;
			case 2: // on/off blink
				coeff = tri < 0.5;
				break;
			case 3: // three pulses
				coeff = pulses(ms, kPulsesPeriod, 3);
				break;
			case 4: // ramp
				coeff = simpleRamp(ms, kPeriod);
				break;
			}
			color.scale(coeff);
			ledSlider.setColor(color);
		}
			break;
		case kAnimationModeSolid:
		case kAnimationModeSolidWithFs:
			ledSlider.setColor(color);
			break;
		case kAnimationModeSolidDefaultWithFs:
			if(0 != value)
				color.scale(0.1f + 0.9f * simpleTriangle(ms, 700));
			ledSlider.setColor(color);
			break;
		case kAnimationModeCustom:
			processCustom(ms, ledSlider, value);
			break;
		case kAnimationModeSolidGlowingWithFs:
			if(ms < kPostAnimationGlowingMs)
				color.scale(0.1f + 0.9f * simpleTriangle(ms + kPostAnimationGlowingPeriod / 2, kPostAnimationGlowingPeriod));
			ledSlider.setColor(color);
		}
	};
	virtual void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) {};
protected:
	size_t getIdx(size_t value)
	{
		return std::min(value, std::tuple_size<AnimationColors>::value - 1);
	}
};

class ButtonAnimationSplit : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationSplit(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		float tri = simpleTriangle(ms, 1000);
		float coeff;
		switch(int(value))
		{
		default:
		case SplitPerformanceMode::kModeNoSplit:
			coeff = 1.f;
		break;
		case SplitPerformanceMode::kModeSplitLocation:
			coeff = tri > 0.5 ? 1 : 0;
		break;
		case SplitPerformanceMode::kModeSplitSize:
			coeff = tri;
		break;
		case SplitPerformanceMode::kModeSplitLocationSize: // TODO
			coeff = tri;
		break;

		}
		rgb_t color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		color.scale(coeff);
		ledSlider.setColor(color);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class ButtonAnimationPulsatingStill : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationPulsatingStill(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		rgb_t otherColor;
		if(0 == value) // kAutoLatchOff,
		{
			otherColor = {0, 0, 0};
		} else if (1 == value) { // kAutoLatchBoth
			otherColor = color;
		} else { // kAutoLatchLocationOnly
			for(size_t n = 0; n < otherColor.size(); ++n)
				otherColor[n] = color[n] * 0.6;
		}
		// PWM with increasingly longer width
		const unsigned int period = 600;
		const unsigned int numPeriods = 5;
		ms = ms % (period * numPeriods);
		unsigned int thisPeriod = ms / period;
		unsigned int pulseWidth = thisPeriod / float(numPeriods - 1) * period;
		unsigned int idx = ms % period;
		bool coeff = idx < pulseWidth;
		rgb_t c;
		for(size_t n = 0; n < c.size(); ++n)
			c[n] = color[n] * coeff+ otherColor[n] * !coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
	unsigned int width = -1;
};

class ButtonAnimationStillTriangle : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationStillTriangle(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		rgb_t c;
		if(0 == value)
		{
			c = color;
		} else {
			const unsigned int period = 600;
			float coeff = simpleTriangle(ms, period);
			c.r = color.r * coeff;
			c.g = color.g * coeff;
			c.b = color.b * coeff;
		}
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class ButtonAnimationTriangle : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationTriangle(rgb_t color, uint32_t period) :
		color(color), period(period) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float) override {
		rgb_t c;
		float coeff = simpleTriangle(ms, period);
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	rgb_t color;
	uint32_t period;
};

class ButtonAnimationCounter : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationCounter(AnimationColors& colors, uint32_t sshort, uint32_t llong) :
		colors(colors), sshort(sshort), llong(llong), counter(0), lastTime(0) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		rgb_t color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		size_t blinks = 5 - value;
		uint32_t time = HAL_GetTick();
		uint32_t period;
		float coeff = 0;
		if(counter < blinks)
		{
			period = sshort;
			if(time - lastTime < period / 3)
				coeff = 1;
		}
		else
			period = llong;
		if(time - lastTime > period)
		{
			counter++;
			if(counter > blinks)
				counter = 0;
			lastTime = time;
		}
		for(size_t n = 0; n < color.size(); ++n)
			color[n] *= coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(color);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
	uint32_t sshort;
	uint32_t llong;
	ssize_t offset;
	size_t counter;
	uint32_t lastTime;
};

class ButtonAnimationSolid: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationSolid(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		ledSlider.setColor(color);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class ButtonAnimationBrightDimmed: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationBrightDimmed(rgb_t color) :
		color(color) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float) override {
		ledSlider.setColor(color);
	};
protected:
	rgb_t color;
};

class ButtonAnimationSingleRepeatedEnv: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationSingleRepeatedEnv(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		rgb_t c;
		const unsigned int duration = 600;
		unsigned int period;
		if(0 == value)
		{
			// largely spaced animation
			period = duration * 2.5;
		} else {
			// tightly looped animations
			period = duration;
		}
		ms %= period;
		float coeff;
		if(ms <= duration)
			coeff = mapAndConstrain((duration - ms) / float(duration), 0, 1, 0.3, 1);
		else
			coeff = 0;
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
class ButtonAnimationRecorderInputMode: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationRecorderInputMode(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		rgb_t color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		float coeff = 0;
		switch(RecorderMode::InputMode(value)) {
		case RecorderMode::kInputModeNum: // default
		case RecorderMode::kInputModeLfo:
		case RecorderMode::kInputModeEnvelope:
		{
			const unsigned int duration = 600;
			unsigned int period;
			if(RecorderMode::kInputModeLfo ==  value)
			{
				// largely spaced animation
				period = duration * 2.5;
			} else {
				// tightly looped animations
				period = duration;
			}
			ms %= period;
			if(ms <= duration)
				coeff = mapAndConstrain((duration - ms) / float(duration), 0, 1, 0.3, 1);
			else
				coeff = 0;
		}
		break;
		case RecorderMode::kInputModeClock:
		{
			// in case we haven't been here in a while, we fix it quickly
			// TODO: a proper setup() call to set lastMs
			if(phase > finalPeriod * 2)
				phase = 0;

			// input mode: clock.
			// over duration, show pulses with ramp up-ramp down period(constant width),
			// to give the idea of frequency control
			phase += (ms - lastMs); // this has to be uint to be deterministic on overflow.
			lastMs = ms;
			ms %= duration;
			float triangle = simpleTriangle(ms, duration);
			float period = initialPeriod + (sqrt(triangle)) * (finalPeriod - initialPeriod);
			while(phase > period) // wrap around
				phase -= period;
			coeff = (phase < onTime);
		}
		break;
		case RecorderMode::kInputModeCv:
		{
			// input mode: CV in
			// show a few smooth transitions
			const unsigned int duration = 3000;
			ms %= duration;
			std::array<float,12> data = {
					0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.3, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3
			};
			coeff = interpolatedRead(data, ms / float(duration));
		}
		break;
		case RecorderMode::kInputModePhasor:
		{
			// input mode: phasor
			// show a phasor
			const unsigned int duration = 1000;
			ms %= duration;
			coeff = ms / float(duration);
		}
		break;
		}
		rgb_t c;
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
	static constexpr float initialPeriod = 600;
	static constexpr float finalPeriod = 80;
	static constexpr unsigned int duration = 3000;
	static constexpr float onTime = 40;
	float phase = 0;
	uint32_t lastMs = 0;
};
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE

class ButtonAnimationWaveform: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationWaveform(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		rgb_t c;
		const unsigned int period = 1200;
		ms %= period;
		unsigned int type = int(value + 0.5f);
		if(type >= Oscillator::numOscTypes)
			type = 0;
		osc.setType(Oscillator::Type(type));
		float phase = float(ms) / float(period) * 2.f * float(M_PI);
		if(phase > float(M_PI))
			phase -= 2.f * float(M_PI);
		osc.setPhase(phase);
		float coeff = osc.process();
		coeff = mapAndConstrain(coeff, -1, 1, 0, 1);
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
	Oscillator osc {1};
};

class ButtonAnimationSpeedUpDown: public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationSpeedUpDown(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		rgb_t c;
		// over duration, show pulses with ramp up-ramp down period(constant width),
		// to give the idea of frequency control
		phase += (ms - lastMs); // this has to be uint to be deterministic on overflow.
		lastMs = ms;
		ms %= duration;
		float triangle = simpleTriangle(ms, duration);
		float period = initialPeriod + (sqrt(triangle)) * (finalPeriod - initialPeriod);
		if(phase > period)
			phase -= period;
		float coeff = (phase < onTime);
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	static constexpr float initialPeriod = 600;
	static constexpr float finalPeriod = 80;
	static constexpr unsigned int duration = 3000;
	static constexpr float onTime = 40;
	float phase = 0;
	uint32_t lastMs;
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class ButtonAnimationSmoothQuantised : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationSmoothQuantised(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		const unsigned int period = 1500;
		float coeff = simpleTriangle(ms, period);
		if(0 == value) // smooth
		{
			// nothing to do. Just smooth.
		} else { // quantised
			float steps = 4;
			coeff = int(coeff * steps + 0.5f) / steps;
		}
		rgb_t c;
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class ButtonAnimationKeysSeq : public ButtonAnimation {
public:
	ButtonAnimationKeysSeq(AnimationColors& colors) :
		colors(colors) {}
	void processCustom(uint32_t ms, LedSlider& ledSlider, float value) override {
		const rgb_t& color = colors[getIdx(value)];
		const unsigned int period = 1500;
		ms %= period / 2;
		float saw = simpleTriangle(ms + period / 2, period);
		float coeff;
		if(0 == value) // keys
		{
			// blink at irregular intervals
			coeff = saw > 0.9 || (saw < 0.8 && saw > 0.7) || (saw < 0.6 && saw > 0.5);
		} else { // seq
			// blink at constant intervals (like a sequencer would)
			coeff = saw > 0.6;
		}
		rgb_t c;
		c.r = color.r * coeff;
		c.g = color.g * coeff;
		c.b = color.b * coeff;
		ledSlider.setColor(c);
	};
protected:
	AnimationColors& colors;
};

class MenuItemType
{
public:
	MenuItemType(rgb_t baseColor) : baseColor(baseColor) {}
	// For backwards compatibilty, we provide the base call without isNew.
	// Inheriting classes that care about isNew should implement
	// process(LedSlider& slider, bool isNew) and throw an error
	// in the process(LedSlider& slider)
	virtual void process(LedSlider& slider) = 0;
	virtual void process(LedSlider& slider, bool isNew) { process(slider); };
	virtual void resetState() {};
	rgb_t baseColor;
};

class MenuItemTypeEvent : public MenuItemType
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeEvent(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, uint32_t holdTime = 0) :
		MenuItemType(baseColor), name(name), holdTime(holdTime) {}
	virtual void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		bool state = slider.getNumTouches();
		if(state != pastState)
		{
			bool rising = (state && !pastState);
			if(holdTime)
				lastTransition = HAL_GetTick();
			event(rising ? kTransitionRising : kTransitionFalling);
			holdNotified = false;
		}
		if(state != pastState)
		{
			centroid_t centroid;
			centroid.location = 0.5;
			// dimmed for "inactive"
			// full brightness for "active"
			centroid.size = state ? kMenuButtonActiveBrightness : kMenuButtonDefaultBrightness;
			slider.setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
		}
		pastState = state;

		if(holdTime && !holdNotified && HAL_GetTick() - lastTransition > holdTime)
		{
			holdNotified = true;
			event(pastState ? kHoldHigh : kHoldLow);
		}
	}
protected:
	char const* name;
	typedef enum {kTransitionFalling, kTransitionRising, kHoldLow, kHoldHigh} Event;
	virtual void event(Event) = 0;
	uint32_t lastTransition;
	uint32_t holdTime;
	bool pastState = false;
	bool holdNotified = true; // avoid notifying on startup
};

class MenuItemTypeDiscreteHold : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteHold(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, uint32_t holdTime, ParameterEnum& valueEn) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, holdTime), valueEn(valueEn)
	{}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeEvent::process(slider);
		rgb_t color = baseColor;
		// if not 0, glow
		if(valueEn.get())
			color.scale(simpleTriangle(HAL_GetTick(), 1000) * 0.9f + 0.1f);
		slider.setColor(color);
	}
	void event(Event e) override
	{
		if(kHoldHigh == e)
		{
			valueEn.next();
		}
	}
	ParameterEnum& valueEn;
};

class MenuItemTypeDiscrete : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscrete(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, ParameterEnum* parameter, ButtonAnimation* animation = nullptr) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, 0), parameter(parameter), animation(animation) {}
protected:
	virtual void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeEvent::process(slider);
		if(animation)
			animation->process(HAL_GetTick(), slider, parameter->get());
	}

	virtual void event(Event e)
	{
		if(kTransitionRising == e)
		{
			if(parameter)
			{
				parameter->next();
				M(printf("%s: set to %d\n\r", name, parameter->get()));
			}
		}
	}
	ParameterEnum* parameter;
	ButtonAnimation* animation;
};

AutoLatcher gMenuAutoLatcher;
// continuous or stepped slider
class MenuItemTypeSlider : public MenuItemType {
public:
	MenuItemTypeSlider(): MenuItemType({0, 0, 0}) {}
	MenuItemTypeSlider(const rgb_t& color, const rgb_t& otherColor, ParameterContinuousGeneric parameter, bool onlySetOnExit = false, bool orientationAgnostic = false) :
		MenuItemType(color), otherColor(otherColor), p(parameter), onlySetOnExit(onlySetOnExit), orientationAgnostic(orientationAgnostic) {
		gMenuAutoLatcher.reset();
	}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		Error_Handler(); // need to call the other one
	}
	void process(LedSlider& slider, bool isNew) override
	{
		if(p.valid())
		{
			auto* parameter = &p;
			centroid_t frame {
				.location = slider.compoundTouchLocation(),
				.size = slider.compoundTouchSize(),
			};
			frame.location = fix(frame.location);
			// for some reason we are called with location and size = 0 at least once
			// When we start.
			// Work around that by checking for frame.size before starting
			// TODO: figure out the root cause and fix it
			if(!hasDoneSetup && frame.size)
			{
				// this can't be moved to constructor because
				// we don't have the slider there.
				tracking = false;
				initialPos = parameter->transform(frame.location);
				hasDoneSetup = true;
				initialTime = HAL_GetTick();
			}
			if(!tracking && frame.size)
			{
				// check if we crossed the initial point
				// limit to a range we can actually reach on the slider, even if the initial
				// value is allowed to be outside the slider range
				float refPos = constrain(parameter->get(), 0, 1);
				float current = frame.location;
				float diffInitial = initialPos - refPos;
				float diffCurrent = current - refPos;
				constexpr float kCloseToTheEdge = 0.05;
				// if the pointer is very close to the edge
				// pick it up if we get "close enough" to it
				bool downByTheCorner = (refPos < kCloseToTheEdge || refPos > 1 - kCloseToTheEdge) && std::abs(diffCurrent) < kCloseToTheEdge;
				if(
						(diffInitial <= 0 && diffCurrent >= 0) ||
						(diffInitial >= 0 && diffCurrent <= 0) ||
						downByTheCorner
					)
					tracking = true;
			}
			bool latched = false;
			gMenuAutoLatcher.process(isNew, frame, latched);
			// set the centroid position to whatever the current parameter value is
			float pValue = tracking ? parameter->transform(frame.location) : parameter->get();
			centroid_t centroid = {
					.location = fix(constrain(pValue, 0, 1)), // ensure it's within the visualisable range
					.size = kFixedCentroidSize / 2,
			};
			rgb_t color;
			float diffFromDefault = std::abs(parameter->getDefault() - pValue);
			if(diffFromDefault < kDefaultThreshold)
			{
				color = baseColor;
				if(tracking) // make the centroid bigger as we approach the default
					centroid.size = mapAndConstrain(diffFromDefault, kDefaultThreshold, 0, centroid.size, 0.9);
			} else {
				color = otherColor;
			}
			if(tracking) {
				// only track the slider if we have at some point crossed the initial point
				if(!onlySetOnExit)
					parameter->set(frame.location);
			} else {
				// or show a pulsating centroid
				centroid.size *= simpleTriangle(HAL_GetTick() - initialTime, 130);
			}
			ledSlidersAlt.sliders[0].setColor(color);
			ledSlidersAlt.sliders[0].setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);

			if(latched)
			{
				if(onlySetOnExit && tracking)
					parameter->set(frame.location); // otherwise set above
				menu_up();
			}
		}
	}
	rgb_t otherColor;
	ParameterContinuousGeneric p;
	//below are init'd to avoid warning
	float initialPos = 0;
	uint32_t initialTime = 0;
	bool tracking = false;
	bool hasDoneSetup = false;
	bool hasHadTouch = false;
	bool onlySetOnExit = false;
	bool orientationAgnostic = false;
	float fix(float pos)
	{
		if(orientationAgnostic)
			return fixedOrientation(pos, 1.f);
		return pos;
	}
};

#include <functional>


class MenuItemTypeRange : public MenuItemType {
public:
	static constexpr size_t kNumEnds = 2;
	typedef std::function<std::array<float,kNumEnds>(const std::array<float,kNumEnds>&)> PreprocessFn;
	MenuItemTypeRange(): MenuItemType({0, 0, 0}) {}
	MenuItemTypeRange(const rgb_t& color, const rgb_t& otherColor, bool autoExit, ParameterContinuous* paramBottom, ParameterContinuous* paramTop, PreprocessFn preprocess) :
		MenuItemType(color), otherColor(otherColor), preprocessFn(preprocess), parameters({paramBottom, paramTop}), autoExit(autoExit)
	{
		latchProcessor.reset();
		for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumEnds; ++n)
		{
			float value = parameters[n]->get();
			pastFrames[n].location = value;
			pastFrames[n].size = 1;
			displayLocations[n] = value;
		}
		std::array<LatchProcessor::Reason,2> isLatched;
		latchProcessor.reset();
		// "prime" the latchProcessor. Needed because we'll always start with one touch
		latchProcessor.process(true, true, pastFrames.size(), pastFrames, isLatched);
		hasHadTouch = false;
	}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		Error_Handler(); // should call the other one
	}
	void process(LedSlider& ledSlider, bool isNew) override
	{
		process(ledSlider, ledSlider, isNew);
	}
	void process(CentroidDetectionScaled& inputSlider, LedSlider& ledSlider, bool isNew)
	{
		bool allLatched = false;
		if(parameters[0] && parameters[1])
		{
			size_t numTouches = inputSlider.getNumTouches();
			if(numTouches)
				hasHadTouch = true;
			if(hasHadTouch)
			{
				bool validTouch = 0;
				std::array<centroid_t,kNumEnds> frames {};
				if(1 == numTouches)
				{
					// find which existing values this is closest to
					float current = inputSlider.touchLocation(0);
					std::array<float,kNumEnds> diffs;
					for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumEnds; ++n)
						diffs[n] = std::abs(current - pastFrames[n].location);
					// TODO: if preprocessing (e.g.: quantisation) is applied
					// before this stage, then (diffs[0] > diffs[1]) may
					// return the opposite of the expected value
					// which makes it so that the min endpoint becomes higher
					// than the max endpoint.

					// the only touch we have is controlling the one that was closest to it
					validTouch = (diffs[0] > diffs[1]);
					// put the good one where it belongs
					frames[validTouch].location = inputSlider.touchLocation(0);
					frames[validTouch].size = inputSlider.touchSize(0);
					// and a non-touch on the other one
					frames[!validTouch].location = 0;
					frames[!validTouch].size = 0;
				} else if (numTouches >= kNumEnds)
				{
					for(size_t n = 0; n < kNumEnds; ++n)
					{
						frames[n].location = inputSlider.touchLocation(n);
						frames[n].size = inputSlider.touchSize(n);
					}
				}
				std::array<LatchProcessor::Reason,2> isLatched;
				latchProcessor.process(isNew, true, frames.size(), frames, isLatched);
				auto preprocessedValues = preprocess({frames[0].location, frames[1].location});
				for(size_t n = 0; n < frames.size(); ++n)
				{
					float preprocessedValue = preprocessedValues[n];
					parameters[n]->set(preprocessedValue);
					// TODO: is it really the best decision to store a preprocessed (e.g.: quantised)
					// value and then use a non-preprocessed value at the next frame to check which
					// touch is closest?
					displayLocations[n] = preprocessedValue;
					pastFrames[n] = frames[n];
				}
				if(autoExit)
				{
					size_t numLatched = 0;
					for(auto& l : isLatched)
						numLatched += (LatchProcessor::kLatchNone != l);
					allLatched = isLatched.size() == numLatched;
				}
			}
			updateDisplay(ledSlider);
		}
		if(hasHadTouch && autoExit && allLatched)
		{
			// all touches released: exit
			menu_up();
		}
	}
protected:
	std::array<centroid_t,kNumEnds> pastFrames;
	std::array<float,kNumEnds> displayLocations;
	rgb_t otherColor;
	PreprocessFn preprocessFn;
private:
	std::array<float,kNumEnds> preprocess(const std::array<float,kNumEnds>& in)
	{
		if(preprocessFn)
			return preprocessFn(in);
		else {
			// at least ensure they are sorted
			std::array<float,kNumEnds> ret = in;
			std::sort(ret.begin(), ret.end());
			return ret;
		}
	}
	virtual void updateDisplay(LedSlider& slider)
	{
		static unsigned int phase = 0;
		brightness = 0.25 + 0.5f * simpleTriangle(phase, 200);
		phase++;
		displayRangeWithBarAndEndpoints(slider, kRgbBlack, brightness, 0.12, displayLocations[0], displayLocations[1], true);
	}
	std::array<ParameterContinuous*,kNumEnds> parameters;
	static LatchProcessor latchProcessor;
	float brightness;
	bool autoExit;
	bool hasHadTouch;
};
LatchProcessor MenuItemTypeRange::latchProcessor;

class MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids : public MenuItemTypeRange {
public:
	MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids(){}
	MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids(const rgb_t& displayColor, const std::array<rgb_t,kNumEnds>& endpointsColor, bool autoExit,
				ParameterContinuous* paramBottom,ParameterContinuous* paramTop, PreprocessFn preprocess, const float* display, bool clearBeforeDrawing = true) :
		MenuItemTypeRange(endpointsColor[0], endpointsColor[1], autoExit, paramBottom, paramTop, preprocess), displayColor(displayColor), endpointsColor(endpointsColor), display(display), clearBeforeDrawing(clearBeforeDrawing) {}
	void updateDisplay(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		std::array<centroid_t,2> endpointsCentroids {
			centroid_t{ pastFrames[0].location, 0.1 },
			centroid_t{ pastFrames[1].location, 0.1 },
		};
		if(clearBeforeDrawing)
			slider.directBegin();
		for(size_t n = 0; n < endpointsColor.size(); ++n)
			slider.directWriteCentroid(endpointsCentroids[n], endpointsColor[n], kRangeLedsPerCentroid);
		if(display)
			slider.directWriteCentroid({ *display, 0.15 }, displayColor, kRangeLedsPerCentroid);
	}
private:
	rgb_t displayColor;
	std::array<rgb_t,kNumEnds> endpointsColor; // TODO: delegate drawing endpoints to MenuItemTypeRange::updateDisplay() and avoid caching these colors here
	const float* display;
	bool clearBeforeDrawing;
};

static MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids overlayRange;

void overlayRangeInit(const rgb_t& color, bool autoExit, ParameterContinuous* paramBottom, ParameterContinuous* paramTop)
{
	overlayRange = MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids(kRgbBlack, {color, color}, autoExit, paramBottom, paramTop, nullptr, nullptr, false);
}

void overlayRangeProcess(CentroidDetectionScaled& inputSlider, LedSlider& ledSlider, bool isNew)
{
	overlayRange.process(inputSlider, ledSlider, isNew);
}

static void requestIncMode()
{
	int newMode = gNewMode;
	 // special modes are skipped when incrementing
	do
		newMode = (newMode + 1) % kNumModes;
	while(kCalibrationModeIdx == newMode || kFactoryTestModeIdx == newMode || kEraseSettingsModeIdx == newMode);
	requestNewMode(newMode);
}

class MenuItemTypeNextMode : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeNextMode(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, 3000) {}
private:
	void process(LedSlider& ledSlider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeEvent::process(ledSlider);
		PerformanceMode* mode = nullptr;
		if(gNewMode < performanceModes.size() && (mode = performanceModes[gNewMode]))
			ledSlider.setColor(mode->buttonColor);
	}
	void event(Event e) override
	{
		if(kTransitionFalling == e)
		{
			if(!ignoreNextRelease)
				requestIncMode();
			ignoreNextRelease = false;
		}
		if(kHoldHigh == e) {
			ignoreNextRelease = true;
			requestNewMode(kCalibrationModeIdx);
			// as a special case, exit menu when entering calibration
			menu_up();
		}
	}
	bool ignoreNextRelease = false;
};

static constexpr size_t kMaxMenuItems = 5; // TODO: validate this is respected by MenuPage
class MenuPage { //todo: make non-copyable
public:
	const char* name;
	std::vector<MenuItemType*> items;
	MenuPage(MenuPage&&) = delete;
	enum Type {
		kMenuTypeButtons,
		kMenuTypeSlider,
		kMenuTypeQuantised,
		kMenuTypeRange,
	};
	MenuPage(const char* name, const std::vector<MenuItemType*>& items = {}, Type type = kMenuTypeButtons): name(name), items(items), type(type) {}
	Type type;
};
enum MenuInteractive {
	kMenuInteractiveWait, // wait for all touches to be released before the menu becomes interactive
	kMenuInteractiveNow, // make the menu immediately interactive
};

static void menu_in(MenuPage& menu, MenuInteractive interactive = kMenuInteractiveWait);
static MenuPage* activeMenu;

class MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, uint32_t holdTime, MenuPage& submenu) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, holdTime), submenu(&submenu) {}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeEvent::process(slider);
		if(!submenu) {
			// dim inactive button, counteracting what may
			// have occurred in MenuItemTypeEvent::process() above
			centroid_t centroid = {
					.location = 0.5,
					.size = kMenuButtonDefaultBrightness * 0.3,
			};
			slider.setLedsCentroids(&centroid, 1);
		}
	}
private:
	void event(Event e)
	{
		if(kHoldHigh == e && submenu) {
			menu_in(*submenu);
		}
	}
public:
	MenuPage* submenu;
};

MenuPage mainMenu("main");
MenuPage globalSettingsMenu0("global settings 0");

static MenuItemTypeSlider singleSliderMenuItem;
// this is a submenu consisting of a continuous slider(no buttons). Before entering it,
// appropriately set the properties of singleSliderMenuItem
MenuPage singleSliderMenu("single slider", {&singleSliderMenuItem}, MenuPage::kMenuTypeSlider);

static MenuItemTypeRange singleRangeMenuItem;
// this is a submenu consisting of a range slider. Before entering it,
// appropriately set the properties of singleRangeMenuItem
MenuPage singleRangeMenu("single range", {&singleRangeMenuItem}, MenuPage::kMenuTypeRange);

static MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids singleRangeDisplayMenuItem;
// this is a submenu consisting of a range+display (no buttons). Before entering it,
// appropriately set the properties of singleRangeDisplayMenuItem
MenuPage singleRangeDisplayMenu("single range", {&singleRangeDisplayMenuItem}, MenuPage::kMenuTypeRange);

static void buttonBlinkResetToDefault()
{
	tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 300);
}

static constexpr size_t kHoldResetToDefault = 2000;
// On tap, get into singleSliderMenu to set value; on hold-press reset to default value
class MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, rgb_t otherColor, ParameterContinuous& value, ButtonAnimation* animation = nullptr) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, kHoldResetToDefault), otherColor(otherColor), value(value), animation(animation), ignoreNextFalling(false) {}
	void process(LedSlider& slider)
	{
		MenuItemTypeEvent::process(slider);
		if(animation)
			animation->process(HAL_GetTick(), slider, value.isDefault(kDefaultThreshold) ? 0 : 1);
	}
	void event(Event e)
	{
		if(kHoldHigh == e) {
			value.resetToDefault();
			ignoreNextFalling = true;
			buttonBlinkResetToDefault();
		}
		if(kTransitionFalling == e) {
			if(ignoreNextFalling)
				ignoreNextFalling = false;
			else {
				singleSliderMenuItem = MenuItemTypeSlider(kSettingsContinuousAtDefaultColor, otherColor, value);
				menu_in(singleSliderMenu);
			}
		}
	}
	rgb_t otherColor;
	ParameterContinuous& value;
	ButtonAnimation* animation;
	bool ignoreNextFalling;
};

// If held-press, get into singleSliderMenuItem to set value as if it was a big slide switch
class MenuItemTypeEnterQuantised : public MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeEnterQuantised(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, ParameterEnum& value, ButtonAnimation* animation = nullptr) :
		MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu(name, baseColor, 500, singleSliderMenu), value(value), animation(animation) {}
	void process(LedSlider& slider)
	{
		MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu::process(slider);
		if(animation)
		{
			animation->process(HAL_GetTick(), slider, value.get());
		}
	}
	void event(Event e) override
	{
		if(kHoldHigh == e) {
			singleSliderMenuItem = MenuItemTypeSlider(baseColor, baseColor, value, true, true);
			menu_in(singleSliderMenu, kMenuInteractiveNow);
		}
	}
	ParameterEnum& value;
	ButtonAnimation* animation;
};

// If held-press, get into singleRangeMenu to set values
class MenuItemTypeEnterRange : public MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeEnterRange(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, rgb_t otherColor, ParameterContinuous& bottom, ParameterContinuous& top, MenuItemTypeRange::PreprocessFn preprocess) :
		MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu(name, baseColor, 500, singleSliderMenu), bottom(bottom), top(top), preprocess(preprocess), otherColor(otherColor) {}
	void event(Event e)
	{
		if(kHoldHigh == e) {
			singleRangeMenuItem = MenuItemTypeRange(baseColor, otherColor, true, &bottom, &top, preprocess);
			menu_in(singleRangeMenu);
		}
	}
	ParameterContinuous& bottom;
	ParameterContinuous& top;
	MenuItemTypeRange::PreprocessFn preprocess;
	rgb_t otherColor;
};

class MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, ParameterEnum& valueEn, bool alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap, uint32_t displayOldValueTimeout = 0):
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, kHoldResetToDefault), valueEn(valueEn), displayOldValueTimeout(displayOldValueTimeout), alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap(alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap) {}
	void event(Event e) override
	{
		switch (e)
		{
		case kTransitionFalling:
			if(!ignoreNextTransition)
			{
				// this one is on release so we avoid a spurious trigger when holding
				bool shouldUpdate = true;
				if(displayOldValueTimeout && alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap)
				{
					// if we haven't been tapped in a while, do nothing.
					// An inheriting class can leverage this to display
					// the current value
					uint32_t tick = HAL_GetTick();
					if(tick - lastTick > displayOldValueTimeout)
						shouldUpdate = false;
					lastTick = tick;
				}
				if(shouldUpdate)
				{
					valueEn.next();
					M(printf("DiscretePlus: next to %d\n\r", valueEn.get()));
				}
			}
			ignoreNextTransition = false;
			break;
		case kHoldHigh:
			// avoid transition so that when exiting Plus mode
			// we don't mistakenly increment the enum
			ignoreNextTransition = true;
			enterPlus();
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	virtual void resetState() override
	{
		lastTick = 0;
	}
	virtual void enterPlus() {
		valueEn.set(0); // reset to default
		buttonBlinkResetToDefault();
	};
protected:
	ParameterEnum& valueEn;
	uint32_t lastTick = 0;
	uint32_t displayOldValueTimeout;
	bool ignoreNextTransition = false;
	bool alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap;
};

static void menu_resetStates(const MenuItemType* src);

static MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus* gAnimationIsPlaying = nullptr;
static uint32_t gAnimationPlayedLast = 0;
// displays an animation every kTransitionFalling event. It leverages
// the fact that MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus displays current value upon first tap.
class MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation : public MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation(const char* name, const AnimationColors& colors, ParameterEnum& valueEn, bool alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap, ButtonAnimation* animation = nullptr) :
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus(name, colors[getIdx(valueEn.get())], valueEn, alwaysDisplayOnFirstTap, kPostAnimationTimeoutMs),
		colors(colors), lastTap(0), buttonAnimation(animation)
	{}
	virtual void process(LedSlider& ledSlider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus::process(ledSlider);
		uint32_t currentMs = HAL_GetTick();
		if(buttonAnimation)
			buttonAnimation->process(currentMs - lastTick, ledSlider, valueEn.get());
		uint32_t ms = currentMs - lastTap;
		rgb_t color = colors[getIdx(valueEn.get())];
		// TODO: it's a bit awkward to be calling animate() unconditionally,
		// assuming ms will be enough to tell them whether to draw something or not
		// and that a menu-wide reset will reset ms ...
		uint32_t lastCount = gAnimateFs.hasWrittenCount();
		valueEn.animate(ledSlidersAlt.sliders[0], color, ms);
		bool hasAnimated = (gAnimateFs.hasWrittenCount() != lastCount);
		if(hasAnimated)
		{
			gAnimationIsPlaying = this;
			gAnimationPlayedLast = HAL_GetTick();
			// displayOldValueTimeout  starts counting
			// from the end of the animation
			lastTick = currentMs;
		}
	}
	void event(Event e) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus::event(e);
		if(kTransitionFalling == e)
		{
			// just tapped, make a note
			lastTap = HAL_GetTick();
			// exclusively enable this animation
			gAnimateFs.setActive(valueEn, animateFsAllLeds);
			// reset all other timeouts
			menu_resetStates(this);
		}
	}
	void resetState() override
	{
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus::resetState();
		lastTap = 0;
	}
protected:
	static size_t getIdx(size_t value)
	{
		return std::min(value, std::tuple_size<AnimationColors>::value - 1);
	}
	const AnimationColors& colors;
	uint32_t lastTap;
	ButtonAnimation* buttonAnimation;
	bool animateFsAllLeds = false;
};

class MenuItemTypeDiscreteContinuous : public MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteContinuous(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, ParameterEnum& valueEn, ParameterContinuous& valueCon, ButtonAnimation* animation = nullptr):
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus(name, baseColor, valueEn, true), valueCon(valueCon), animation(animation) {}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override
	{
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus::process(slider);
		if(animation)
		{
			animation->process(HAL_GetTick(), slider, valueEn.get());
		}
	}
	void enterPlus() override
	{
		M(printf("DiscreteContinuous: going to slider\n\r"));
		// TODO: if using this again, pass a different color as otherColor
		singleSliderMenuItem = MenuItemTypeSlider(baseColor, baseColor, valueCon);
		menu_in(singleSliderMenu);
	}
	ParameterContinuous& valueCon;
	ButtonAnimation* animation;
};

class MenuItemTypeDiscreteRange : public MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteRange(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, rgb_t otherColor, ParameterEnum& valueEn, ParameterContinuous& valueConBottom, ParameterContinuous& valueConTop, MenuItemTypeRange::PreprocessFn preprocess, uint32_t doNotUpdateTimeout = 0):
		MenuItemTypeDiscretePlus(name, baseColor, valueEn, doNotUpdateTimeout), valueConBottom(valueConBottom), valueConTop(valueConTop), preprocess(preprocess), otherColor(otherColor) {}
	void enterPlus() override
	{
		M(printf("DiscreteRange: going to range\n\r"));
		singleRangeMenuItem = MenuItemTypeRange(baseColor, otherColor, true, &valueConBottom, &valueConTop, preprocess);
		menu_in(singleRangeMenu);
	}
	ParameterContinuous& valueConBottom;
	ParameterContinuous& valueConTop;
	MenuItemTypeRange::PreprocessFn preprocess;
	rgb_t otherColor;
};

static std::array<float,MenuItemTypeRange::kNumEnds> quantiseNormalisedForIntegerVolts(const std::array<float,MenuItemTypeRange::kNumEnds>& in);
class MenuItemTypeDiscreteRangeCv : public MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteRangeCv(const char* name, const AnimationColors& colors, IoRangeParameters& valueEn):
		MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation(name, colors, valueEn, true), ioRangeParameters(valueEn)
	{
		animateFsAllLeds = true;
	}
	void enterPlus() override
	{
		M(printf("RangeCv: going to range\n\r"));
		singleRangeMenuItem = MenuItemTypeRange(colors[getIdx(valueEn.get())], colors.back(), false, &ioRangeParameters.min, &ioRangeParameters.max, quantiseNormalisedForIntegerVolts);
		menu_in(singleRangeMenu);
	}

private:
	IoRangeParameters& ioRangeParameters;
};

class MenuItemTypeExitSubmenu : public MenuItemTypeEvent
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeExitSubmenu(const char* name, rgb_t baseColor, uint32_t holdTime = 0) :
		MenuItemTypeEvent(name, baseColor, holdTime) {}
private:
	void event(Event e)
	{
		if(kTransitionRising == e) {
			menu_up();
		}
	}
};

class MenuItemTypeDisabled : public MenuItemType
{
public:
	MenuItemTypeDisabled(const rgb_t& color) : MenuItemType(color) {}
	void process(LedSlider& slider) override {}
};

constexpr size_t kMaxModeParameters = 3;
static MenuItemTypeDisabled disabled(kRgbBlack);

static ButtonAnimationSplit animationSplit(buttonColors);
static constexpr rgb_t kSettingsSubmenuButtonColor = kRgbWhite;
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
class DirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage : public MenuPage {
public:
	DirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage() :
		MenuPage("DirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage", {
				&disabled,
				&smooths[3],
				&smooths[2],
				&smooths[1],
				&smooths[0],
		}),
		smooths({{
			{
				"DirectControlSmooth0",
				buttonColors[1],
				kSettingsContinuousOtherColor,
				gDirectControlMode.smooths[0],
			},
			{
				"DirectControlSmooth1",
				buttonColors[1],
				kSettingsContinuousOtherColor,
				gDirectControlMode.smooths[1],
			},
			{
				"DirectControlSmooth2",
				buttonColors[1],
				kSettingsContinuousOtherColor,
				gDirectControlMode.smooths[2],
			},
			{
				"DirectControlSmooth3",
				buttonColors[1],
				kSettingsContinuousOtherColor,
				gDirectControlMode.smooths[3],
			},
		}})
	{}
private:
	std::array<MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous,4> smooths;
} gDirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage;


static ButtonAnimationPulsatingStill animationPulsatingStill(buttonColors);
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation directControlModeSplit("directControlModeSplit", buttonColors, gDirectControlMode.splitMode, false, &animationSplit);
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation directControlModeLatch("directControlModeAutoLatch", buttonColors, gDirectControlMode.autoLatch, false, &animationPulsatingStill);
static MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu directControlModeEnterSmooth("directControlModeSmooth", buttonColors[0], 20, gDirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage);

static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> directControlModeMenu = {
		&directControlModeEnterSmooth,
		&directControlModeLatch,
		&directControlModeSplit,
};
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
//static ButtonAnimationSingleRepeatedEnv animationSingleRepeatedPulse{buttonColors};
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation recorderModeSplit("recorderModeSplit", buttonColors, gRecorderMode.splitMode, false, &animationSplit);
//static MenuItemTypeDiscrete recorderModeRetrigger("recorderModeRetrigger", buttonColor, &gRecorderMode.autoRetrigger, &animationSingleRepeatedPulse);
static ButtonAnimationRecorderInputMode animationRecorderInputMode{buttonColors};
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation recorderModeInputMode("recorderModeInputMode", buttonColors, gRecorderMode.inputMode, false, &animationRecorderInputMode);
static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> recorderModeMenu = {
		&disabled,
		&recorderModeInputMode,
		&recorderModeSplit,
};
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
static ButtonAnimationStillTriangle animationSingleStillTriangle{buttonColors};
static ButtonAnimationSolid animationSolid{buttonColors};
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation scaleMeterModeOutputMode("scaleMeterModeOutputMode", buttonColors, gScaleMeterMode.outputMode, false, &animationSolid);
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation scaleMeterModeCoupling("scaleMeterModeCoupling", buttonColors, gScaleMeterMode.coupling, false, &animationSingleStillTriangle);
static MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous scaleMeterModeCutoff("scaleMeterModeCutoff", kDefaultSelectorColor, kSettingsContinuousOtherColor, gScaleMeterMode.cutoff);
static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> scaleMeterModeMenu = {
		&scaleMeterModeCutoff,
		&scaleMeterModeOutputMode,
		&scaleMeterModeCoupling,
};
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
static ButtonAnimationWaveform animationWaveform{buttonColors};
static MenuItemTypeDiscrete balancedOscModeWaveform("balancedOscModeWaveform", buttonColor, &gBalancedOscsMode.waveform, &animationWaveform);
static ButtonAnimationRecorderInputMode animationBalancedOscsInputMode{buttonColors};
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteContinuous balancedOscModeInputModeAndFrequency("balancedOscModeInputModeAndFrequency", buttonColor,
		gBalancedOscsMode.inputMode, gBalancedOscsMode.centreFrequency, &animationBalancedOscsInputMode);
static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> balancedOscsModeMenu = {
		&disabled,
		&balancedOscModeInputModeAndFrequency,
		&balancedOscModeWaveform,
};
#endif // ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
static ButtonAnimationSmoothQuantised animationSmoothQuantised {buttonColors};
static ButtonAnimationKeysSeq animationKeysSeq {buttonColors};
static ButtonAnimationTriangle animationTriangleExprButtonsModRange(kDefaultSelectorColor, 3000);
//static ButtonAnimationCounter animationCounterNumKeys {buttonColors, 300, 800};
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation exprButtonsModeQuantised("gExprButtonsModeQuantised", buttonColors, gExprButtonsMode.quantised, false, &animationSmoothQuantised);
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteFullScreenAnimation exprButtonsModeSeqMode("gExprButtonsModeSeqMode", buttonColors, gExprButtonsMode.seqMode, false, &animationKeysSeq);
static MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous exprButtonsModeModRange("gExprButtonsModeModRange", kDefaultSelectorColor, kSettingsContinuousOtherColor, gExprButtonsMode.modRange);
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE

#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> exprButtonsModeMenu = {
		&exprButtonsModeModRange,
		&exprButtonsModeQuantised,
		&exprButtonsModeSeqMode,
};
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE

static std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters> emptyModeMenu = {
		&disabled,
		&disabled,
		&disabled,
};

static std::array<std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters>*,kNumModes> modesMenuItems = {
#ifdef TEST_MODE
		&emptyModeMenu, // test mode
#endif // TEST_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
		&directControlModeMenu,
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
		&recorderModeMenu,
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
		&scaleMeterModeMenu,
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
		&balancedOscsModeMenu,
#endif // ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
		&exprButtonsModeMenu,
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
		&emptyModeMenu, // calibration mode
};

MenuItemTypeNextMode nextMode("nextMode", kRgbGreen);

static void setAllSizeScales(float coeff)
{
	// adjust size on current sliders
	globalSlider.setSizeScale(coeff);
	for(auto& ls : ledSliders)
		ls.setSizeScale(coeff);
	for(auto& ls : ledSlidersAlt)
		ls.setSizeScale(coeff);
	// adjust size on future slider
	gSizeScale = coeff;
}

static void doOverride(size_t c, float value, bool bypassRange, bool isSize)
{
	gOverride.started = HAL_GetTick();
	gOverride.out = value;
	gOverride.ch = c;
	gOverride.bypassOutRange = bypassRange;
	gOverride.isSize = isSize;
}

static void doOutRangeOverride(size_t c)
{
	// generate a cheap square of period 2.048 seconds and reset phase on change
	static size_t pastC = -1;
	static uint32_t startTick = 0;
	static std::array<IoRange,2> pastRanges {
		gOutRangeTop,
		gOutRangeBottom,
	};
	constexpr size_t kFullPeriod = 2048; // has to be a power of 2

	uint32_t tick = HAL_GetTick();
	const std::array<const IoRange*,2> ranges {
		&gOutRangeTop,
		&gOutRangeBottom,
	};
	// detect a change so we can play back first the one that has changed
	ssize_t changedEndpoint = -1;
	if(ranges[c]->min != pastRanges[c].min)
		changedEndpoint = 0;
	else if(ranges[c]->max != pastRanges[c].max)
		changedEndpoint = 1;

	if(changedEndpoint != -1 || pastC != c)
	{
		// reset phase on change
		startTick = tick;
		if(1 == changedEndpoint)
		{
			// if the second endpoint changed,
			// increment the phase by half period so
			// that we start playing back the high part
			startTick -= kFullPeriod / 2;
		}
	}
	bool square = ((tick - startTick) & (kFullPeriod -1)) >= kFullPeriod / 2;
	float value = square ? ranges[c]->max : ranges[c]->min;
	doOverride(c, value, true, false);
	for(size_t n = 0; n < pastRanges.size(); ++n)
		pastRanges[n] = *ranges[n];
	pastC = c;
}

class GlobalSettings : public ParameterUpdateCapable {
	enum Flag {
		kFlagJacksOnTop = 1 << 0,
		kFlagMenuInvert = 1 << 1,
		kFlagMenuLockingAllowed = 1 << 2,
		kFlagMenuLocked = 1 << 3,
		kFlagAnimationsWithFs = 1 << 4,
		kFlagMax = 1 << 5,
	};
	enum Orientation {
		// numbering here matches the position on the MenuItemTypeContinuous slider
		kOrientation4HpBottom = 0,
		kOrientation1ULeft = 1,
		kOrientation4HpTop = 2,
		kOrientation1URight = 3, // this is not achievable via the slider, but handled below for completeness
	};
	template <typename T>
	static T flagSetRaw(T f, Flag flag, bool value)
	{
		if(value)
			f |= int(flag);
		else
			f &= ~int(flag);
		return f;
	}
	void flagSet(Flag flag, bool value)
	{
		auto f = flags.get();
		f = flagSetRaw(f, flag, value);
		if(flags.get() != f)
			flags.set(f);
	}
	template <unsigned char T>
	void updateFlagParameterFromFlags(ParameterEnumT<T>& p, Flag flag)
	{
		bool val = flag & flags;
		if(p.get() != val)
			p.set(val);
	}
	void getFromOrientation(bool& jacksOnTop, bool& menuInvert)
	{
		switch(orientation.get())
		{
		default:
		case kOrientation4HpBottom:
			jacksOnTop = false;
			menuInvert = false;
			break;
		case kOrientation4HpTop:
			jacksOnTop = true;
			menuInvert = false;
			break;
		case kOrientation1ULeft:
			jacksOnTop = false;
			menuInvert = true;
			break;
		case kOrientation1URight:
			jacksOnTop = true;
			menuInvert = true;
			break;
		}
	}
	Orientation orientationFromFlags()
	{
		switch(flags & (kFlagJacksOnTop | kFlagMenuInvert))
		{
		default:
		case 0:
			return kOrientation4HpBottom;
		case kFlagJacksOnTop:
			return kOrientation4HpTop;
		case kFlagMenuInvert:
			return kOrientation1ULeft;
		case kFlagJacksOnTop | kFlagMenuInvert:
			return kOrientation1URight;
		}
	}
public:
	void updated(Parameter& p)
	{
		S(bool verbose = true);
		S(char const* str = "+++");
		if(p.same(orientation)) {
			S(str = "orientation");
			bool jacksOnTop;
			bool menuInvert;
			getFromOrientation(jacksOnTop, menuInvert);
			// set all flags at once, to avoid updated() being called on flags with partial values
			auto newFlags = flags.get();
			newFlags = flagSetRaw(newFlags, kFlagJacksOnTop, jacksOnTop);
			newFlags = flagSetRaw(newFlags, kFlagMenuInvert, menuInvert);
			if(newFlags != flags)
				flags.set(newFlags);
		}
		else if(p.same(animationMode)) {
			S(str = "animationMode");
			flagSet(kFlagAnimationsWithFs, animationMode);
		}
		else if(p.same(menuLockingAllowed)) {
			S(str = "menuLockingAllowed");
			flagSet(kFlagMenuLockingAllowed, menuLockingAllowed);
		}
		else if(p.same(menuLocked)) {
			S(str = "menuLocked");
			flagSet(kFlagMenuLocked, menuLocked);
		}
		else if(p.same(flags)) {
			S(str = "flags");
			printf("FLAGS: 0x%x\n\r", flags.get());
			// we arrive here either because  set() has been called on the individual parameters
			// or because it has been called on flags() directly (typically by the preset loader)
			// so call set() from here only if different to avoid infinite recursion
			Orientation newOrientation = orientationFromFlags();
			if(orientation != newOrientation)
				orientation.set(newOrientation);
			bool jacksOnTop;
			bool menuInvert;
			getFromOrientation(jacksOnTop, menuInvert);
			uio.setMenuSwapped(menuInvert);
			uio.setTouchStripSwapped(jacksOnTop);
			updateFlagParameterFromFlags(animationMode, kFlagAnimationsWithFs);
			gAnimationMode = AnimationMode(animationMode.get());
			updateFlagParameterFromFlags(menuLockingAllowed, kFlagMenuLockingAllowed);
			updateFlagParameterFromFlags(menuLocked, kFlagMenuLocked);
		}
		else if(p.same(sizeScaleCoeff)) {
			S(str = "sizeScaleCoeff");
			float tmp = 0.1f + 1.2f * (powf(2, 0.5 + sizeScaleCoeff) - 1); // 0.59 to 2.29, default 1.3
			if(sizeScaleCoeff > 0.98) {
				// make it very big at the top, so it works like a gate,
				// no matter how small the touch
				tmp = 50;
			}
			float coeff = kSizeScale / (tmp * tmp * tmp);
			setAllSizeScales(coeff);
			doOverride(1, globalSlider.compoundTouchSize(), false, true);
		}
		else if(p.same(brightness)) {
			S(str = "brightness");
			assert(brightness.getDefault());
			gBrightness = 0.15f + (brightness * 0.85f / brightness.getDefault());
		}
		else if(p.same(newMode)) {
			S(str = "newMode");
			requestNewMode(newMode);
		} else {
			for(size_t n = 0; n < menuColors.size(); ++n)
			{
				if(p.same(menuColors[n]))
				{
					rgb_t c = menuColors[n].get();
					buttonColors[n] = c;
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		S(
			if(verbose)
				printf("%s\n\r", str);
		);
	}
	void updatePreset()
	{
		updatePresetField(this, MP(sizeScaleCoeff), MP(brightness), MP(flags), MP(newMode), MP(menuColors));
	}
	GlobalSettings() :
		presetFieldData {
			.sizeScaleCoeff = sizeScaleCoeff,
			.brightness = brightness,
			.flags = flags,
			.newMode = newMode,
		}
	{
		for(size_t n = 0; n < buttonColors.size() && n < menuColors.size(); ++n)
		{
			menuColors[n] = {this, buttonColors[n]};
		}

		PresetDesc_t presetDesc = {
			.field = this,
			.size = sizeof(PresetFieldData_t),
			.defaulter = GENERIC_DEFAULTER(MP(sizeScaleCoeff), MP(brightness), MP(flags), MP(newMode), MP(menuColors)),
			.loadCallback = LOAD_CALLBACK(MP(sizeScaleCoeff), MP(brightness), MP(flags), MP(newMode), MP(menuColors)),
		};
		presetDescSet(5, &presetDesc);
	}
	ParameterContinuous sizeScaleCoeff {this, 0.5};
	// NOTE: 3 below intentionally limits available orientations achievable through the slider to 3,
	// leaving out kOrientation1URight.
	ParameterEnumT<3> orientation {this, kOrientation4HpTop};
	ParameterEnumT<kNumAnimationMode> animationMode {this, gAnimationMode};
	ParameterEnumT<2> menuLockingAllowed {this, false};
	ParameterEnumT<2> menuLocked {this, false};
	ParameterContinuous brightness {this, 0.35};
	ParameterEnumT<kNumModes> newMode{this, gNewMode};
	ParameterEnumT<kFlagMax> flags {this, kFlagJacksOnTop};
	std::array<ParameterGenericT<rgb_t>,kMaxBtnStates> menuColors;
	struct PresetFieldData_t {
		float sizeScaleCoeff;
		float brightness;
		uint8_t flags;
		uint8_t newMode;
		std::array<rgb_t,SIZE(GlobalSettings::menuColors)> menuColors;
	} presetFieldData;
	std::vector<ParameterContainer> parameters = {
			sizeScaleCoeff,
			brightness,
			flags,
			// menuColors is exposed via gp_setMenuColor()
	};
} gGlobalSettings;

bool menu_isLocked()
{
	return gGlobalSettings.menuLocked.get();
}

void menu_setLocked(bool val)
{
	M(printf("menu_setLocked %d\n\r", val));
	gGlobalSettings.menuLocked.set(val);
	updateAllPresets(); // this won't be triggered by exiting the menu, so we do it manually
}

bool modeShouldBeSaved(ssize_t mode)
{
	std::array<ssize_t,2> undesiredModes = {{ kCalibrationModeIdx, kEraseSettingsModeIdx }};
	bool found = false;
	for(auto& u : undesiredModes)
	{
		if(u == mode)
			found = true;
	}
	return !found;
}

static void menu_updateSubmenu();
void requestNewMode(int mode, bool forceSave)
{
	float oldMode = gNewMode;
	bool different = (oldMode != mode);
	gNewMode = mode;
	if(different)
	{
		// notify the setting that is stored to disk
		// but avoid the set() to trigger a circular call to requestNewMode()
		if(modeShouldBeSaved(mode) || forceSave)
			gGlobalSettings.newMode.set(mode);
		if(modeShouldBeSaved(oldMode))
			gOldMode = oldMode;
	}
	menu_updateSubmenu();
}

static void requestOldMode()
{
	requestNewMode(gOldMode);
}

static std::array<float,MenuItemTypeRange::kNumEnds> quantiseNormalisedForIntegerVolts(const std::array<float,MenuItemTypeRange::kNumEnds>& in)
{
	static constexpr float kVoltsFs = 15;
	std::array<float,MenuItemTypeRange::kNumEnds> out;
	// first we make them integers, one per each voltage step
	for(size_t n = 0; n < in.size(); ++n)
		out[n] = std::round((in[n] * kVoltsFs));
	// ensure they are in the correct order
	std::sort(out.begin(), out.end());
	if(out[0] == out[1])
	{
		// if the are the same, we
		// ensure they are at least 1 apart.
		int val = out[0];
		if(0 == val) //edge case
			out[1] = 1;
		else if (kVoltsFs == val) //edge case
			out[0] = kVoltsFs - 1;
		else //general case
			out[1] = out[0] + 1;
	}
	// convert back to normalised
	for(auto& o : out)
		o /= kVoltsFs;
	return out;
}

static constexpr rgb_t globalSettingsColor = kRgbOrange;
static constexpr rgb_t globalSettingsContinuousOtherColor = kSettingsContinuousOtherColor;
static ButtonAnimationTriangle animationTriangleGlobal(globalSettingsColor, 3000);
static MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous globalSettingsSizeScale("globalSettingsSizeScale", globalSettingsColor, globalSettingsContinuousOtherColor, gGlobalSettings.sizeScaleCoeff);
static constexpr rgb_t kOrientationButtonColor = kRgbRed;
static ButtonAnimationBrightDimmed animationBrightDimmed(kOrientationButtonColor);
static MenuItemTypeEnterQuantised globalSettingsOrientation("globalSettingsOrientation", kOrientationButtonColor, gGlobalSettings.orientation);
static MenuItemTypeDiscreteHold globalSettingsAnimationMode("globalSettingsAnimationMode", globalSettingsColor, 3000, gGlobalSettings.animationMode);

static MenuItemTypeEnterContinuous globalSettingsBrightness("globalSettingsBrightness", globalSettingsColor, globalSettingsContinuousOtherColor, gGlobalSettings.brightness);

static constexpr rgb_t kIoRangeButtonColor = kRgbYellow;
static constexpr rgb_t kIoRangeOtherColor = kRgbRed;
static MenuItemTypeDisabled disabledIoRange(kRgbRed.scaledBy(0.3));
static constexpr AnimationColors ioRangeColors {
	kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeButtonColor, kIoRangeOtherColor
};
class PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage : public MenuPage {
public:
	PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage(const char* name, PerformanceMode& perf, bool inputEnabled) :
		MenuPage(name, {
				&disabled,
				&disabled,
				&outBottom,
				&outTop,
				inputEnabled ? (MenuItemType*)&in : &disabledIoRange,
		}),
		in(
				(std::string(name) + " in").c_str(),
				ioRangeColors,
				perf.ioRangesParameters.in),
		outTop(
				(std::string(name) + " outTop").c_str(),
				ioRangeColors,
				perf.ioRangesParameters.outTop),
		outBottom(
				(std::string(name) + " outBottom").c_str(),
				ioRangeColors,
				perf.ioRangesParameters.outBottom)

	{}
private:
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteRangeCv in;
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteRangeCv outTop;
	MenuItemTypeDiscreteRangeCv outBottom;
};

// _why_ does it have to be so verbose? For some (good???) reason we deleted the copy constructor of MenuPage,
// so we cannot put MenuPage objects in an array and we need this hack
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
static PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage menuPageDirectControl {"direct control", gDirectControlMode, false};
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
static PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage menuPageRecorder {"recorder", gRecorderMode, true};
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
static PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage menuPageScaleMeter {"scale/meter", gScaleMeterMode, true};
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
static PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage menuPageBalancedOscs {"balanced oscs", gBalancedOscsMode, false};
#endif //ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
static PerformanceModeIoRangesMenuPage menuPageExprButtons {"expr buttons", gExprButtonsMode, false};
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE

std::array<MenuPage*,kNumModes> menuPagesIoRanges {{
#ifdef TEST_MODE
	nullptr,
#endif // TEST_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
	&menuPageDirectControl,
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
	&menuPageRecorder,
#endif // ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
	&menuPageScaleMeter,
#endif // ENABLE_SCALE_METER_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
	&menuPageBalancedOscs,
#endif // ENABLE_BALANCED_OSCS_MODE
#ifdef ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
	&menuPageExprButtons,
#endif // ENABLE_EXPR_BUTTONS_MODE
	nullptr, // calibration
	nullptr, // factory test
}};
static MenuItemTypeEnterSubmenu enterModeSettingsPage1("ModeSettingsPage1", kSettingsSubmenuButtonColor, 20, globalSettingsMenu0); // dummy menu, replaced before use
static void menu_updateSubmenu()
{
	enterModeSettingsPage1.submenu = menuPagesIoRanges[gNewMode];
}

static bool menuWaitsForTouchRelease;

#ifdef MENU_ENTER_RANGE_DISPLAY
static void menu_enterRangeDisplay(const rgb_t& signalColor, const std::array<rgb_t,2>& endpointsColors, bool autoExit, ParameterContinuous& bottom, ParameterContinuous& top, const float& display)
{
	gAlt = 1;
	singleRangeDisplayMenuItem = MenuItemTypeRangeDisplayCentroids(signalColor, endpointsColors, autoExit, &bottom, &top, nullptr, &display);
	menu_in(singleRangeDisplayMenu, kMenuInteractiveNow);
}
#endif // MENU_ENTER_RANGE_DISPLAY

#ifdef MENU_ENTER_SINGLE_SLIDER
static void menu_enterSingleSlider(const rgb_t& color, const rgb_t& otherColor, ParameterContinuous& parameter)
{
	gAlt = 1;
	singleSliderMenuItem = MenuItemTypeSlider(color, otherColor, parameter);
	menu_in(singleSliderMenu, kMenuInteractiveNow);
}
#endif // MENU_ENTER_SINGLE_SLIDER

static std::vector<MenuPage*> menuStack;

static MenuPage* menu_getCurrent()
{
	return menuStack.size() ? menuStack.back() : nullptr;
}

static void menu_resetStates(const MenuItemType* src)
{
	MenuPage* page = menu_getCurrent();
	if(!page)
		return;
	for(auto& item : page->items)
	{
		if(item != src)
			item->resetState();
	}
}
static void menu_update()
{
	// these vectors should really be initialised at startup but they have circular dependencies
	static bool inited = false;
	if(!inited)
	{
		inited = true;
		globalSettingsMenu0.items = {
			&globalSettingsOrientation,
			&disabled,
			&globalSettingsAnimationMode,
			&globalSettingsBrightness,
			&globalSettingsSizeScale,
		};
		singleSliderMenu.items = {
			&singleSliderMenuItem,
		};
		mainMenu.items = {
			&enterModeSettingsPage1,
			&disabled, // mode-dependent
			&disabled, // mode-dependent
			&disabled, // mode-dependent
			&nextMode,
		};
	}
	bool hasChanged = false;
	std::array<MenuItemType*,kMaxModeParameters>* menuItems;
	if(gNewMode <= modesMenuItems.size() && modesMenuItems[gNewMode])
		menuItems = modesMenuItems[gNewMode];
	else
		menuItems = &emptyModeMenu;
	constexpr size_t kFirstModeSettingIdx = 1; // the bottom is to enter submenu
	for(size_t n = 0; n < kMaxModeParameters; ++n)
	{
		// make sure we are displaying the buttons for the current mode
		// if hasChanged, this will retrigger a new drawing of the buttons below
		// TODO: when refactoring mode switching, maybe ensure the menu's content and visualisation
		// gets updated directly when updating mode

		if(mainMenu.items[n + kFirstModeSettingIdx] != (*menuItems)[n])
		{
			MenuItemType* newItem = (*menuItems)[n];
			// validate all items before adding them
			if(!newItem)
				newItem = &disabled;
			mainMenu.items[n + kFirstModeSettingIdx] = newItem;
			hasChanged = true;
		}
	}
	// check if menu orientation has changed
	static bool lastMenuSwapped = uio.menuSwapped();
	hasChanged |= (lastMenuSwapped != uio.menuSwapped());
	lastMenuSwapped = uio.menuSwapped();

	MenuPage* newMenu = menu_getCurrent();
	if(newMenu && (activeMenu != newMenu || hasChanged))
	{
		activeMenu = newMenu;
		M(printf("menu_update: %s\n\r", newMenu ? newMenu->name : "___"));
		// clear display
		np.clear();
		LedSlider::LedMode_t ledMode = LedSlider::MANUAL_CENTROIDS;
		if(MenuPage::kMenuTypeButtons == activeMenu->type)
		{
			std::vector<MenuItemType*> items = activeMenu->items;
			//buttons
			ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(
				ledSlidersAlt,
				{
					items[0]->baseColor,
					items[1]->baseColor,
					items[2]->baseColor,
					items[3]->baseColor,
					items[4]->baseColor,
				},
				ledMode,
				true,
				1,
				uio.menuSwapped() ? kTopBottom : kBottomUp
			);
		} else {
			size_t maxNumCentroids = MenuPage::kMenuTypeRange == activeMenu->type ? 2 : 1;
			ledSlidersSetupMultiSlider(
				ledSlidersAlt,
				{
					activeMenu->items[0]->baseColor,
				},
				ledMode,
				true,
				maxNumCentroids
			);
		}
		menu_resetStates(nullptr);
	}
}

static void updateAllPresets()
{
	for(auto& p : performanceModes)
		p->updatePreset();
	gGlobalSettings.updatePreset();
}

void menu_exit()
{
	// when exiting menu, ensure any changes
	// to parameters are reflected in the presets
	// so that presetCheckSave() can write them soon thereafter
	updateAllPresets();

	menuStack.resize(0);
	activeMenu = nullptr;
	M(printf("menu_exit\n\r"));
	np.clear();
	gAlt = 0;
	tri.buttonLedSet(TRI::kSolid, TRI::kG, 1, 100);
}

static void menu_up()
{
	M(printf("menu_up from %d %s\n\r", menuStack.size(), menuStack.back()->name));
	if(menuStack.size())
		menuStack.pop_back();
	if(!menuStack.size())
		menu_exit();
}

static void menu_in(MenuPage& menu, MenuInteractive interactive)
{
	M(printf("menu_in from %s to %s\n\r", menuStack.size() ? menuStack.back()->name : "___", menu.name));
	menuStack.emplace_back(&menu);
	menuWaitsForTouchRelease = (kMenuInteractiveWait == interactive);
}

int menu_dosetup(MenuPage& menu)
{
	menuStack.resize(0);
	menu_in(menu);
	menu_update(); // TODO: is this needed?
	return true;
}

int menu_setup(size_t page)
{
	if(3 == page)
	{
		requestNewMode(kEraseSettingsModeIdx);
		return true;
	}
	if(2 == page)
	{
		requestNewMode(kFactoryTestModeIdx);
		return true;
	}
	MenuPage* menu;
	switch(page){
	default:
	case 0:
		menu = &mainMenu;
		break;
	case 1:
		menu = &globalSettingsMenu0;
		break;
	}
	return menu_dosetup(*menu);
}

void menu_render(BelaContext*, FrameData* frameData)
{
	// if button pressed, go back up
	if (menuBtn.onset){
		// button onset
		M(printf("button when stack is %d\n\r", menuStack.size()));
		// if one of the ioranges pages, exit
		bool doExit = false;
		for(auto& p : menuPagesIoRanges)
		{
			if(p == activeMenu)
				doExit = true;
		}
		// if in one of the submenus, exit
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
		if(activeMenu == &gDirectControlModeSmoothMenuPage)
			doExit = true;
#endif // ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
		if(doExit)
		{
			menu_exit();
			return;
		}
		// otherwise just go up by one
		menu_up();
	}

	menu_update();
	if(!activeMenu)
		return;
	// update touches
	if(menuWaitsForTouchRelease)
	{
		// if we just entered the menu, ensure we have removed
		// all fingers once before enabling interaction
		if(!globalSlider.getNumTouches())
			menuWaitsForTouchRelease = false;
	}
	if(menuWaitsForTouchRelease) {
		// provide empty blank data so that process doesn't know about any touches
		// that may still be present after entering menu. The reason we cannot simply use
		// ledSlidersAlt.enableTouch(false) is because also tr_render() sets/unsets
		// that and we may end up in an inconsistent state if we are not careful.
		// conversely, tr_render() doesn't know if we have to ignore touches again at some point
		// e.g.: because we entered a submenu from here.
		// TODO: simplify
		static CentroidDetectionScaled dummySlider;
		ledSlidersAlt.process(dummySlider);
	} else {
		if(activeMenu)
		{
			// calling this only on frameData->isNew would cause
			// flickering because the LEDs are cleared in tr_render()
			// so we call it unconditionally
			size_t numSplits = std::min(activeMenu->items.size(), kMaxMenuItems);
			static constexpr size_t kMaxTouchesPerSplit = 2;
			std::array<TouchTracker::TouchWithId,kMaxMenuItems*kMaxTouchesPerSplit> twis;
			touchTrackerSplit(gTouchTrackerAlt, globalSlider, ledSlidersAlt.isTouchEnabled() && frameData->isNew, ledSlidersAlt, kMaxTouchesPerSplit, twis.data());
			std::array<centroid_t const*,kMaxMenuItems*kMaxTouchesPerSplit + kMaxMenuItems> centroids {}; // enough for kMaxTouchePerSplit touches per menu item + separators
			size_t c = 0;
			for(size_t n = 0; n < numSplits; ++n)
			{
				for(size_t t = 0; t < kMaxTouchesPerSplit; ++t)
				{
					auto const& twi = twis[n * kMaxTouchesPerSplit + t];
					if(n < numSplits && TouchTracker::kIdInvalid != twi.id)
						centroids[c++] = &twi.touch;
				}
				centroids[c++] = nullptr; // separator between sub-sliders
			}
			ledSlidersAlt.process(centroids.data());
		}
	}

	// set the color (i.e.: animation for the _next_ iteration)
	// (it has already been rendered to np from the ledSliders.process() call above)
	uint32_t ms = HAL_GetTick();
	for(size_t n = 0; n < ledSlidersAlt.sliders.size(); ++n)
	{
		// processing of an item may have exited the menu, so we check
		// that we still have a valid menu every step of the way
		if(!activeMenu)
			break;
		MenuItemType* item = activeMenu->items[n];
		// TODO: using timeout because it's easier, but it should be refactored
		// so that it's more elegant
		if(ms - gAnimationPlayedLast < 10)
		{
			// While FS animation is playing, only let the item that triggered it be tapped again
			if(gAnimationIsPlaying && item != gAnimationIsPlaying)
				continue;
		}
		item->process(ledSlidersAlt.sliders[n], frameData->isNew);
	}
}

void UiOrientation::setMenuSwapped(bool v)
{
	if(v != menu)
	{
		menu = v;
		// these modes need to reset their sliders when menuinvert changes
		static std::array<PerformanceMode*,2> modes = {
#ifdef ENABLE_DIRECT_CONTROL_MODE
				&gDirectControlMode,
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_RECORDER_MODE
				&gRecorderMode,
#endif
		};
		for(auto& m : modes)
		{
			// if it's the current mode, re-setup it
			if(gp_getMode() == findModeIdx(*m))
				m->setup(-1);
		}
	}
}

void gp_setMode(uint8_t mode)
{
	requestNewMode(mode, true);
}

static ParameterContainer* getmeModeParameter(uint8_t mode, uint8_t parameter)
{
	if(mode < performanceModes.size())
	{
		return performanceModes[mode]->getParameter(parameter);
	} else if (127 == mode) {
		// global settings
		if(parameter < gGlobalSettings.parameters.size())
			return &gGlobalSettings.parameters[parameter];
	}
	return nullptr;
}

void gp_setModeParameter(uint8_t mode, uint8_t parameter, uint16_t value)
{
	auto p = getmeModeParameter(mode, parameter);
	if(p)
		p->set(value);
}

static IoRangeParameters* getmeModeIoRange(uint8_t mode, uint8_t rangeIdx)
{
	if(mode < performanceModes.size())
	{
		IoRangesParameters& io = performanceModes[mode]->ioRangesParameters;
		if(rangeIdx < io.size())
		{
			return &io[rangeIdx];
		}
	}
	return nullptr;
}

void gp_setModeIoRange(uint8_t mode, uint8_t rangeIdx, const GpIoRange& ioRange)
{
	auto p = getmeModeIoRange(mode, rangeIdx);
	if(p)
	{
		ParameterContainer(p->min).set(ioRange.min);
		ParameterContainer(p->max).set(ioRange.max);
		// this last, so that setting min/max won't override cvRange with kCvRangeCustom
		ParameterContainer(p->cvRange).set(ioRange.cvRange);
	}
}

void gp_setModeColor(uint8_t mode, uint8_t idx, const rgb_t& color)
{
	// hard to factor this out
	if(mode < performanceModes.size())
	{
		*performanceModes[mode]->getColor(idx) = color;
	}
	else if(127 == mode)
	{
		// menu colors
		if(idx < gGlobalSettings.menuColors.size())
			gGlobalSettings.menuColors[idx].set(color);
	}
}

uint16_t gDebugFlags = 0;
void gp_setDebugFlags(uint16_t flags)
{
	gDebugFlags = flags;
}

void gp_store()
{
	updateAllPresets();
	presetTriggerFlushToStorage();
}

uint8_t gp_getMode()
{
	return gNewMode;
}

uint16_t gp_getModeParameter(uint8_t mode, uint8_t parameter)
{
	auto p = getmeModeParameter(mode, parameter);
	if(p)
		return p->get();
	return 0;
}

GpIoRange gp_getModeIoRange(uint8_t mode, uint8_t rangeIdx)
{
	auto p = getmeModeIoRange(mode, rangeIdx);
	GpIoRange ioRange {};
	if(p) {
		ioRange.min = ParameterContainer(p->min).get();
		ioRange.max = ParameterContainer(p->max).get();
		// this last, so that setting min/max won't override cvRange with kCvRangeCustom
		ioRange.cvRange = ParameterContainer(p->cvRange).get();
	}
	return ioRange;
}

rgb_t gp_getModeColor(uint8_t mode, uint8_t colorIdx)
{
	// hard to factor this out
	if(mode < performanceModes.size())
	{
		auto p = performanceModes[mode]->getColor(colorIdx);
		if(p)
			return *p;
	}
	else if(127 == mode)
	{
		// menu colors
		if(colorIdx < gGlobalSettings.menuColors.size())
			return gGlobalSettings.menuColors[colorIdx].get();
	}
	return {0, 0, 0};
}

uint16_t gp_getDebugFlags()
{
	return gDebugFlags;
}

static constexpr unsigned int kNoOutputInt = 16383;

void gp_RecorderMode_setGestureContent(uint8_t recorder, size_t offset, size_t length, const uint8_t* data)
{
	auto array = gGestureRecorder.rs.getArrayViewForPointer(recorder);
	for(size_t n = 0; n < length && offset + n < array.size(); ++n)
	{
		float val;
		unsigned int in = data[2 * n] + (data[2 * n + 1] << 7);
		if(kNoOutputInt == in) // use as a special marker for 'no touch'
			val = kNoOutput;
		else // normalize the rest
			val = float(in) / float(kNoOutputInt - 1);
		array[offset + n] = GestureRecorder::floatToRecorder(val);
	}
}

void gp_RecorderMode_setGestureEndpoints(uint8_t recorder, const GpRmgEndpoints& eps)
{
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		gGestureRecorder.rs[recorder].r.setEndpoints(eps.offset, eps.offset + eps.length);
	}
}

void gp_recorderMode_setGesturePlayHead(uint8_t recorder, size_t offset)
{
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		gGestureRecorder.resumePlaybackFrom(recorder, offset);
	}
}

void gp_recorderMode_setGesturePlayRate(uint8_t recorder, uint32_t rate)
{
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		double frate = double(rate) / double(1 << 16);
		gGestureRecorder.rs[recorder].playbackInc = frate;
	}
}

GpRmgEndpoints gp_RecorderMode_getGestureEndpoints(uint8_t recorder)
{
	GpRmgEndpoints eps {};
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		size_t start;
		size_t stop;
		gGestureRecorder.rs[recorder].r.getEndpoints(start, stop);
		eps.offset = start;
		eps.length = stop - start;
	}
	return eps;
}

int gp_RecorderMode_getGestureContent(uint8_t recorder, size_t offset, size_t length, uint8_t* data)
{
	auto array = gGestureRecorder.rs.getArrayViewForPointer(recorder);
	bool hasData = false;
	for(size_t n = 0; n < length; ++n)
	{
		unsigned int out;
		if(offset + n < array.size())
		{
			hasData = true;
			float val = GestureRecorder::recorderToFloat(array[offset + n]);
			if(val < 0 || val > 1 || kNoOutput == val)
				out = kNoOutputInt;
			else
				out = val * float(kNoOutputInt - 1);
		} else {
			out = kNoOutputInt;
		}
		data[2 * n] = out & 0x7f;
		data[2 * n + 1] = (out >> 7) & 0x7f;
	}
	return hasData ? 0 : -1;
}

size_t gp_recorderMode_getGesturePlayHead(uint8_t recorder)
{
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		return gGestureRecorder.rs[recorder].playHead;
	}
	return 0;
}

uint32_t gp_recorderMode_getGesturePlayRate(uint8_t recorder)
{
	if(recorder < gGestureRecorder.rs.size())
	{
		double frate = gGestureRecorder.rs[recorder].playbackInc;
		uint32_t rate = frate * (1 << 16);
		return rate;
	}
	return 0;
}