From ea17bff4594cdbe969ad79601bee7f448761dd2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Carsten Hoffmann <40291787+CarstenHoffmannMarburg@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2024 10:10:06 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Create STUD0009AmharicGram According to our discussions in https://github.com/BetaMasaheft/Documentation/issues/2575 and https://github.com/BetaMasaheft/Manuscripts/pull/2505. --- new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml | 159 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 159 insertions(+) create mode 100644 new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml diff --git a/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml b/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..118bd4a --- /dev/null +++ b/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + + + + Theoriam Linguae Aethiopicae dictae Amaharae complectens + + + Akademie der Wissenschaften in Hamburg + + + Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik + Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale + Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft + Hamburg + + This file is + licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0. + + + + + + + + + +

A digital born TEI file

+ + + + +

Amharic grammar in Latin, by an anonymous author by the middle of the 18th century. Many Amharic words and + expressions are translated into Italian and many Italian terms are used instead of Latin. For this reason, it can be assumed, + that the author was a native Italian. He probably learnt Amharic from an Ethiopian, because he probably did not know + and he emphasises the importance of learning the + pronunciation from a native speaker: Quod concernit pronuntiationem linguae Amaharae, + optime aqviritur viva Magistri voce; et qui eam praetendit adiscere absque + Magistro fallit. + Gemination is sometimes, but probably only in the perfect form (cf. ), indicated by a + wavy line (~) on top of the character.

+ + + + + + + + English + Amharic + Latin + + + + Created entity + + + + +
+
+
+ + Introduction to the Ethiopic alphasyllabary and the phonetics of the language. The author gives the Arabic letters + corresponding to the Amharic characters and also indicates the pronunciation with reference to German (indicated as + Germ.), Czech (indicated as Boem., Italian + (indicated as Ital., and French Gall.. There + are also references to Persian. The author notes the letters ፙ, transliterated as + 'moa', a form similar to ፙ, but with a mark of the second order on the right side + and transliterated as 'mha' (sic) as well as ኸ, transliterated as 'chha', etc. + ጸ and ፀ are both transliterated as 'za', + ጀ is transliterated as 'gia'. The series of ž is noted by + ዠetc. (a character with a mark on the lower left side, which signifies the sixth + order). + The pronunciation of ቸ is indicated as 'cia' (but on : + cža Boem.) and that of + ጨ as 'cca' (but cža (sic!) + Boemice). The author notes the difference between the first and the fourth orders + only as a difference in length but indicates the two functions of the sixth. +
+
+ + Some orations as language samples. +
+
+ + On the declension of the noun. The author distinguishes six cases: 'nom.', 'gen.', 'dat.', 'acc.', 'voc.', and 'abl.' + (i.e. ባርያ፡, የባርያ፡, + ለባርያ፡, ለባርያ፡, + ባርያ፡ and ከባርያ፡). +
+
+ + On pronouns. +
+
+ + On verbal affixes. +
+
+ +
+
+ + On the numbers (i.e. ፩, ፪, + ፫, etc.), which do not have the conventional two horizontal dashes. +
+
+ + On the verb and its conjugation. +
+
+ + Conjugation of affirmative verbs, that are described here as Ingiuriare + (i.e. verbs 'to offend'). +
+
+ + Description containing twenty-four notes on the different particles used with the verb. +
+
+ + On participles (sic) of the pattern 'supino' (i.e. 'supine') in Rus. (i.e. in Russian?) +
+
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ + On the verbal noun e.g. the gerund/converb. +
+
+ + Table showing the pronominal affixes as they appear on the verb. +
+
+ + Second table shows the verbal forms of the present tense. +
+
+ + Conjugation of negated verbs in the Arabic mode (sic). +
+
+ +
+
+ + Final chapter on syntax. +
+
+ + + \ No newline at end of file From 53bf0930ac5ec36ca6240a3f9bcf355c16d9af49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Carsten Hoffmann <40291787+CarstenHoffmannMarburg@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2024 10:23:40 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Update STUD0009AmharicGram as discussed in https://github.com/BetaMasaheft/Documentation/issues/2569#issuecomment-2232655971 and described in https://betamasaheft.eu/Guidelines/?q=figure&id=FiguresImages. --- new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml b/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml index 118bd4a..f222004 100644 --- a/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml +++ b/new/STU0009AmharicGram.xml @@ -73,8 +73,9 @@ type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?> ጸ and ፀ are both transliterated as 'za', ጀ is transliterated as 'gia'. The series of ž is noted by ዠetc. (a character with a mark on the lower left side, which signifies the sixth - order). - The pronunciation of ቸ is indicated as 'cia' (but on : + order
+
). + The pronunciation of ቸ is indicated as 'cia' (but on f. 5r in the manuscript: cža Boem.) and that of ጨ as 'cca' (but cža (sic!) Boemice). The author notes the difference between the first and the fourth orders