cldf

StructureDataset D-PLACE dataset derived from Binford 2001 'Constructing Frames of Reference'

CLDF Metadata: StructureDataset-metadata.json

Sources: sources.bib

The Binford Hunter-Gatherer dataset describes cultural practices for 339 hunter-gatherer groups. Approximately two-thirds of the societies described by Binford are also described in the Ethnographic Atlas. However, the Binford database includes a number of societies not in the Ethnographic Atlas, including many in Australia and northern North America.

property	value
dc:bibliographicCitation	Binford, L. 2001. Constructing Frames of Reference: An Analytical Method for Archaeological Theory Building Using Hunter-gatherer and Environmental Data Sets. University of California Press
dc:conformsTo	CLDF StructureDataset
dc:license	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dcat:accessURL	https://github.com/D-PLACE/dplace-dataset-binford
prov:wasDerivedFrom	D-PLACE/dplace-dataset-binford v3.0.1 Glottolog v5.0
prov:wasGeneratedBy	python: 3.10.12 python-packages: requirements.txt
rdf:ID	dplace-dataset-binford
rdf:type	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Distribution

Table data.csv

Values are coded datapoints, i.e. measurements of a variable for a society.

Note: Missing data is signaled by an empty Value column.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF ValueTable
dc:extent	13957

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Soc_ID	string	References societies.csv::ID
Var_ID	string	References variables.csv::ID
Value	string	Values for categorical and ordinal variables reference the corresponding code via the Code_ID column. Values for continuous variables have the measured number in the Value column and an empty Code_ID.
Code_ID	string	References codes.csv::ID
Comment	string
Source	list of string (separated by ;)	References sources.bib::BibTeX-key
sub_case	string	More specific description of the population the data refer to in terms of society or area.
year	string Regex: -?[0-9]{1,4}(-[0-9]{4})?	Focal year, i.e. the time period to which the data refer.
source_coded_data	string	The source of the coded data, which was aggregated in this dataset.
admin_comment	string

Table societies.csv

We use the term “society” to refer to cultural groups. In most cases, a society can be understood to represent a group of people at a focal location with a shared language that differs from that of their neighbors. However, in some cases multiple societies share a language.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF LanguageTable
dc:extent	339

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Name	string
Latitude	decimal ≥ -90 ≤ 90
Longitude	decimal ≥ -180 ≤ 180
Glottocode	string Regex: [a-z0-9]{4}[1-9][0-9]{3}
Name_and_ID_in_source	string	Society names identified as pejorative have been replaced with a preferred, English-language ethnonym. The name (and ID) as given in the source dataset is kept in this field.
xd_id	string	“cross-data-set” identifier, used to link societies present in different datasets, if they share a focal location. Note: If this field is empty, other fields such as Name, Glottocode, focal year and location may be used to identify societies across datasets if appropriate.
alt_names_by_society	list of string (separated by ; )	A list of ‘alternate’ names for the society; includes, where available, one or more autonyms in the society’s own language, as well as other commonly encountered ethnonyms.
main_focal_year	integer	Focal year specifying the time period to which the data refer, given as number of years BCE - if negative - or CE.
HRAF_name_ID	string	Name(s) and ID(s) of the corresponding society in HRAF (the Human Relations Area Files)
HRAF_ID	string	ID of the corresponding society in HRAF
origLat	decimal ≥ -90 ≤ 90	Uncorrected latitude as given in the source.
origLong	decimal ≥ -270 ≤ 180	Uncorrected longitude as given in the source.
comment	string
glottocode_comment	string	Comment on the Glottocode assignment.
region	string	World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions level2 region

Table variables.csv

Variables are cultural features or practices, or environmental descriptors.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF ParameterTable
dc:extent	40

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [A-Za-z.0-9_]+([0-9]+)?	Primary key
Name	string
Description	string
ColumnSpec	json
category	list of string (separated by , )
type	string Valid choices: Continuous Categorical Ordinal	Variables may be categorical (and then must be accompanied by a list of possible ‘codes’, i.e. rows in Codetable. Variables can also be continuous (e.g. Population size) or ordinal. Ordinal variables are accompanied by a list of codes (like categorical variables). The order of codes is encoded as ord column in CodeTable.
unit	string	The unit of measurement
source_comment	string	A note about the source of this variable.
changes	string	Notes about how a variable may have been derived from the source.
comment	string

Table codes.csv

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF CodeTable
dc:extent	83

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Var_ID	string	The parameter or variable the code belongs to. References variables.csv::ID
Name	string
Description	string
ord	integer