From 89cce77372d57c69288c9f738c14cf592abe1dd0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ktony <k.tony9412@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 10 Oct 2024 13:10:23 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] Minimum Window Substring

---
 minimum-window-substring/TonyKim9401.java | 52 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 minimum-window-substring/TonyKim9401.java

diff --git a/minimum-window-substring/TonyKim9401.java b/minimum-window-substring/TonyKim9401.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0759effbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/minimum-window-substring/TonyKim9401.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// TC: O(n)
+// using two pointer lef and right, it visits all elements only once each.
+// SC: O(n + m)
+// 2 hashmap used for checking the given Strings s and t, n is the size of s, m is the size of m
+class Solution {
+    public String minWindow(String s, String t) {
+        Map<Character, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
+
+        for (char c : t.toCharArray()) {
+            map.put(c, map.getOrDefault(c, 0) + 1);
+        }
+
+        int required = map.size();
+        int formed = 0;
+
+        int left = 0;
+        int right = 0;
+        int[] ans = {-1, 0, 0};
+
+        Map<Character, Integer> windowCounts = new HashMap<>();
+
+        while (right < s.length()) {
+            char c = s.charAt(right);
+            windowCounts.put(c, windowCounts.getOrDefault(c, 0) + 1);
+
+            if (map.containsKey(c) &&
+                    windowCounts.get(c).intValue() == map.get(c).intValue()) {
+                formed += 1;
+            }
+
+            while (left <= right && formed == required) {
+                c = s.charAt(left);
+
+                if (ans[0] == -1 || right - left + 1 < ans[0]) {
+                    ans[0] = right - left + 1;
+                    ans[1] = left;
+                    ans[2] = right;
+                }
+
+                windowCounts.put(c, windowCounts.get(c) - 1);
+                if (map.containsKey(c) &&
+                        windowCounts.get(c).intValue() < map.get(c).intValue()) {
+                    formed -= 1;
+                }
+
+                left += 1;
+            }
+            right += 1;
+        }
+        return ans[0] == -1 ? "" : s.substring(ans[1], ans[2] + 1);
+    }
+}