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C-CrashCourse

Crash-Course for c programming.

Compiling

I am assuming that you have installed some sort of c compiler and your development environment is already setup. (If not, look at installing mingw for windows. For Ubuntu, run: sudo apt install build-essential and for Arch: sudo pacman -S gcc) To compile all the files in here, you can run: gcc [filename.c] and the compiled output will be stored in a.out or a.exe depending on your system. You can also specify the output filename with: gcc [filename.c] -o [output-filename].

files

01-hello-world.c

Goes over:

  • Types of comments
  • Basic library includes (stdio.h and stdlib.h)
  • Basic main() function
  • Printing a string to the terminal with printf()
  • Demo of printf() with and without a newline
  • Setting an exit status

02-variables.c

Goes over:

  • Global variables
  • Some variable types: char, int, and double
  • Assigning a value to a variable
  • Incrementing an integer (both pre- and post-incrementation)
  • printf() format specifiers for char, int, and double

03-flow-control.c

Goes over:

  • Local variables (briefly)
  • A proper integer equality comparison (using ==)
  • Two incorrect equality comparisons (using =)
  • Demonstration of 0 = false, (not 0) = true
  • Types of comparisons (>, >=, <, <=, ==, !=)
  • if / else if / else structures
  • Introduction to compound statements

04-loops.c

Goes over:

  • Basic for loop syntax
  • Ability to declare a loop variable before and as part of the for statement
  • Backwards counting in a loop
  • Infinite loops using for(;;) and while(1)
  • while loops
  • do-while loops
  • Dangers of deleting the do of a do-while loop

05-switch-case.c

Goes over:

  • Switch statement syntax
  • Switch statements use == equality comparison
  • Multiple cases for same section of code
  • Default case

06-pointers.c

Goes over:

  • Pointers and specifying their type
  • Accessing pointer values and what they point at
  • Intro to storing strings
  • String format specifier for printf()

07-arguments-arrays.c

Goes over:

  • Passing arguments to a c program
  • Looping over elements in an array
  • Creating a statically-sized array
  • Basic array indexing

08-functions.c

Goes over:

  • Function prototypes
  • void-returning functions
  • Functions with no arguments
  • Functions specified with void argument
  • Functions that take multiple parameters
  • Basic return values
  • Calling functions
  • Function body declarations

09-structs.c

Goes over:

  • Basic definition of a struct
  • Use of a typedef type to create a variable
  • Accessing data from within a struct
  • Creating a pointer to a struct
  • Accessing data contained in a struct from a pointer
  • Dereferencing of pointers to get the data being pointed at

To Do

Things I would like to add in the future:

  • Dynamic memory allocation
  • Variable-length parameters for functions
  • Scoping
  • Custom header files
  • Preprocessor directives
  • Primitive variable limits, size(of)s, overflows, casting
  • Bitwise operators
  • Add conditionals to flow-control
  • Pointer arithmetic and casting
  • Function pointers
  • Multidimensional arrays (double pointers)
  • Returning arrays
  • enums
  • More in-depth strings
  • const, static
  • Nested structs, padding, unions, bitfields