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music_en.tex
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music_en.tex
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\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Audio}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{images/waveforms.png}
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Analog Audio}
\begin{itemize}
\item Not-electronic
\item Visualization using Oscilloscope
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio}
\begin{itemize}
\item Approximation of analog
\item Amplitude jumps in levels
\item Clearly visible with oscilloscope on old PCs
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio - Speaker}
\begin{itemize}
\item Squaker
\item Very rough
\item On or off
\item Frequency
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio - Speaker Examples}
\begin{itemize}
\item Loop
\item Single
\item Arpeggio
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio - NES}
\begin{itemize}
\item 5 channels
\item 2 pulse, 1 noise, 1 triangle
\item 1 for sound effects
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio - NES example}
\begin{itemize}
\item The Legend of Zelda theme
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digital Audio}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/rc3nes.png}
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{C64: SID chip}
\begin{itemize}
\item World's first audio synthesizer on chip
\item Analog \emph{and} Digitaal
\item Designer received different awards
\item 6581 and 8580
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Audio Hardware by Comparison}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline Model & Hardware & Type & Voices \\ \hline
PET & CPU PIO & 1-bit beeper & 0 \\
VIC-20 & VIC I & 8-bit digital & 4 \\
C64 & SID & A/D 8-bit synth. & 3 \\ \hline
Apple ][ & Speaker & 1-bit beeper & 0 \\
IBM PC & Speaker & 1-bit beeper & 0 \\
ZX Spectrum & AY-3-8192 & 8-bit digital & 4 \\ \hline
VCS & TIA & 5-bit digital & 2 \\
Vectrex & AY-3-8192 & 8-bit digital & 4 \\
NES & RP2A03 & 8-bit digital & 5 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{ADSR}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/adsr.png}
\end{figure}
\begin{tabular}{l|l}
Attack & Press key \\
Decay & Amplitude decays \\
Sustain & Amplitude remains constant \\
Release & `Fade-out' \\
\end{tabular}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Waveforms}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{images/waveforms.png}
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{SID - Techniques}
\begin{itemize}
\item Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
\item Ring modulation (ring mod)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{SID - Examples}
\begin{itemize}
\item Driller (PWM)
\item Commando
\item Zoids (ring mod)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Intermezzo}
\begin{block}{Music}
Guess which music belongs to which machine!
\end{block}
\begin{itemize}
\item IBM PC
\item NES
\item C64
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Intermezzo - Example}
Castlevania
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Intermezzo}
\begin{itemize}
\item IBM PC
\item NES
\item C64
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{SID hacking - Arkanoid}
\begin{itemize}
\item Click/pop-bug in 6581
\item 4-bit PCM digital
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/farts.png}
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
%----------------------------------------------
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{SID hacking - Digitized sound}
\begin{itemize}
%\item mahoney, lft, lman, thcm
\item Vortex, Hi Fi Sky
\item Unique: does not sound like C64 at all
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}