NFDI Core Ontology

Introduction

This is version v2.0.0 of the NFDIcore ontology.

The National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) initiative has seen the establishment of various consortia, each dedicated to developing a research data infrastructure tailored to its respective domain. To facilitate interoperability across these consortia, the NFDIcore ontology (prefix nfdicore) has been developed and serves as a mid level ontology for representing metadata about NFDI resources such as individuals, organizations, projects, data portals, etc.

Recognizing the diverse needs of consortia, NFDIcore establishes mappings to a wide array of standards across domains, including the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) and schema.org, which is crucial for advancing knowledge representation, data exchange, and collaboration across diverse domains. To answer domain-specific research questions, NFDIcore is extended following a modular approach, as e.g. with the culture ontology module CTO, matwerk ontology module MWO, etc.

Aligning with IAO and SCHEMA, NFDIcore focuses on describing 3 main concepts:

1. Digital Information Artifacts (nfdicore:Resource), e.g. data sets, data portals, publications, services, software, etc.
2. Independent Continuants that act autonomously (nfdicore:Agent), e.g. organizations and persons
3. Planned processes and events, e.g. nfdicore:Project, nfdicore:Contributing, nfdicore:Event.

A documentation of nfdicore.ttl (version 2.0.0) can be found at the namespace https://nfdi.fiz-karlsruhe.de/ontology.

NFDIcore Competency Questions (CQs) and SPARQL Queries

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX ex: <http://example.org/>
PREFIX nfdicore: <https://nfdi.fiz-karlsruhe.de/ontology/>
PREFIX bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>

NFDI-MatWerk

All NFDI-MatWerk Use Cases are available at the MatWerk Consortium Webpage

Use Case 1

• CQ: What are the specific services (in digitalization) that are used in a specific academic discipline? (data science) (need to be transferred to the new generation of scientists and professionals)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?serviceType 
WHERE {
?service rdf:type ?serviceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience .
?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf nfdicore:Service . 
}

• CQ: What are the resources and events related to specific processes (demonstration and teaching)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event ?process
WHERE {  { ?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process} UNION { ?event bfo:BFO_0000050 ?process . } 
 FILTER (?process = ex:Demonstration || ?p = ex:Teaching )
}

• CQ: What process are organisations involved in? and what are their roles in the processes? (PP participant universities)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?organisation ?role ?process
WHERE { 
?organisation rdf:type nfdicore:Organization ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process . 
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process .
}

Use Case 2

• CQ: What metadata schemas and ontologies are utilized in datasets that describe collections ? (materials used in Ni-based superalloys)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?dataset ?standard
WHERE { 
?dataset rdf:type nfdicore:Dataset ;
nfdicore:representedCollection ?collection ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology .}

• CQ: What are the standard processes material data sets involved in? (the definition, identification and curation)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?dataset ?processType
WHERE
{ 
?dataset rdf:type nfdicore:Dataset ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience  ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process .
?process rdf:type ?processType .
}

• CQ: How and which resources are data sets be connected to? ( detailed meta-data and context concerning materials history, data collection )
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?dataset ?property ?resource
WHERE
{ 
?dataset rdf:type nfdicore:Dataset ;
?property ?resource  .
?property rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:IAO_0000136 .
}

Use Case 03

• CQ: What specific types of resources exist within a particular subject area, and what technological methods are employed in their storage?(Tomographic data from different techniques)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?resourceType ?technologicalMeans 
WHERE
{ 
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience ;
nfdicore:technology ?technologicalMeans .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

• CQ: What ontologies are used for resources in a specific subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?resourceType ?standard
WHERE
{ 
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .}

• CQ: What services are there for linkage and enrichment (data integration and access)? What software are they using?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?software
WHERE
{ 
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Linkage\&Enrichment ;
nfdicore:software ?software .}

Use Case 04

• CQ: What standards and specifications are used for data in a specific subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?standards 
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:standard|nfdicore:specification ?standards ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 05

• CQ: What tools and services are used for storing and evaluation of a specific data type?
• SPARQL:

No SPARQL query provided

• CQ: What standards and specifications are used in a certain process? (data analysis)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource  
WHERE {
VALUES ?type { nfdicore:Standard nfdicore:Specification }
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
}

Use Case 06

• CQ: What ontologies are used in a specific subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource
WHERE {
?resource nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:MaterialScience .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology .
}

Use Case 08

• CQ: What standards are used for resources in a specific process (standardization)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource  
WHERE {
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type nfdicore:Standard.
}

• CQ: What guidelines are there for describing specific processes? (data analysis/visualization)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ; %documenting
bfo:BFO_0000050 ex:DataAnalysis ; %partOf
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .   %has_specified_output
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
 }

Use Case 09

• CQ: What data portals, services and software are contributed to a specific consortia? What are the subject area of these resources?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?acDisc
WHERE {
VALUES ?type { nfdicore:Software nfdicore:DataPortal nfdicore:Service }
?resource rdf:type ?type ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process .
ex:NFDIMatWerk bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ex:Repository .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing . }

Use Case 10

• CQ: What is the funding organisation of a specific project?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?funder 
WHERE {
?funder bfo:RO_0000056 ex:NFDI4Culture ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ex:funderRole .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ex:NFDI4Culture . }

Use Case 12

• CQ: What ontologies are used in resources contributed to specific consortia? What is their subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard ?acDisc
WHERE {
ex:NFDIMatWerk bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ex:Repository .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing .
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology . }

Use Case 13

• CQ: What specific services (expert knowledge) are there and who is the contact point of these services?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?contactPoint
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
}

Use Case 15

• CQ: Who is the contact point of a specific service? (ontology development)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?contactPoint
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Linkage&Enrichment ;
nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
}

Use Case 16

• CQ: What ontologies are used in resources and what is their subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard ?acDisc
WHERE {
?resource nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology . }

Use Case 17

• CQ: What ontologies are used in resources and what is their subject area?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard ?acDisc
WHERE {
?resource nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?ontology ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?ontology rdf:type nfdicore:Ontology . }

NFDI4DataScience

All NFDI4DataScience Use Cases (Personas) are available at the NFDI4DataScience Consortium Webpage

Use Case Alex

• CQ: What data participates in a specific task (event)? (data cleaning task)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type ?resourceType .
?event rdf:type ?eventType ;
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

• CQ: What services participate in a specific task (event)? ( (data cleaning services)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?event
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Service .
?event rdf:type ?eventType ;
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
}

Use Case Ben

• CQ: What documenting resources are related to a specific event (task)? Who is a contact point of the documentation process?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?agent
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?event ; 
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
?role rdf:type nfdicore:ContactPointRole ;
bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process .
?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role .
 }

Use Case Cassie

• CQ: What (training) services and events are available for specific data task (event)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?r ?type ?task
WHERE
{ {?r bfo:RO_0000056 ?task ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;}
UNION 
{ ?r bfo:BFO_0000050 ?task ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Event }

?r rdf:type ?type 
}

Use Case David

• CQ: Who is a contact point of specific data (experimental)? What is their expertise?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?resourceType ?contactPoint
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case Emma

• CQ: List the events in the community, their description and their dates.
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?event ?description ?start ?end 
WHERE {
?event rdf:type nfdicore:Event ;
dc:description ?description ;
nfdicore:startDate ?start ;
nfdicore:endDate ?end .
}

Use Case Finn

• CQ: What are the (legal) guidelines for a specific process? (store sensitive data)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ; %documenting
bfo:BFO_0000050 ex:DataAnalysis ; %partOf
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .   %has_specified_output
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
 }

Use Case Gina

• CQ: What are the relevant publications for a specific subject area or event (task)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event ?ac_disc
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
{?resource nfdicore:subjectArea ?ac_disc .}
UNION
{?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event .
?event rdf:type ?eventType .
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .}
}

Use Case Hassan

• CQ: What services are used in specific projects, which technological means and software are used in the services? If available, list guidelines/publications about these services
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?project ?publication ?tech
WHERE {
?service rdf:type ?serviceType ;
nfdicore:software|nfdicore:technology ?tech ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?project .
OPTIONAL { ?publication rdf:type nfdicore:Publication ;
bfo:IAO_0000136 ?service . }
?project rdf:type nfdicore:Project .
?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .
}

NFDI4Culture

All NFDI4Culture Use Cases are available at the NFDI4Culture Consortium Webpage

Use Case 1

• CQ: What guidelines are available for a process (storing data) in a specific academic discipline (on musical performances)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?acDis
WHERE {
?documenting rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ; 
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?process ; 
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .   
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
 }

• CQ: What are the services and events related to specific processes ( structured filing and the handling of standard data)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event ?process
WHERE
{  { ?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process} UNION { ?event bfo:BFO_0000050 ?process . } 
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Service .
}

Use Case 2

• CQ: What standards are there for specific resource type (musical data)? Who is a contact point of the standards?

• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resourceType ?standard ?contactPoint
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint.
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

• CQ: What services are available for specific data task (event)? (keep different versions accessible)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type ?resourceType .
?event rdf:type ?eventType ;
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .
}

Use Case 3

• CQ: What best practices are used in resources in a specific academic discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestpractice ?acDisc
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:bestPractice ?bestpractice ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

• CQ: What are the best practices to publish a resource using in a certain academic discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestPractice ?acDisc
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?bestPractice bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}

• CQ: What (training) events are available for specific ask (adequate handling of research data)? What is their timeframe?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?task ?event ?start ?end 
WHERE {
?event rdf:type nfdicore:Event ;
nfdicore:startDate ?start ;
nfdicore:endDate ?end ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?task .
}

Use Case 4

• CQ: What information about resource is used during the publication process?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?context ?domain ?range
WHERE 
{
?publProcess rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 .
{?publProcess ?context ?object} UNION {?subject ?context ?publProcess}
OPTIONAL {?context rdfs:domain ?domain ;
rdfs:range ?range .}
}

Use Case 5

• CQ: What specific services are available for a certain task? (creating digital inventories of art collections)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type ?resourceType .
?event rdf:type ?eventType ;
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .
}

• CQ: What licenses are used in the consortia for datasets with images?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?license ?mediaType 
WHERE 
{
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Dataset ;
nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType ;
nfdicore:license ?license. 
}

• CQ: Who is a contact point of a specific service?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?contactPoint
WHERE 
{
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType;
nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .
}

• CQ: What training events are available for a certain task (publishing and maintaining image data)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?event ?task
WHERE
{?event bfo:BFO_0000050 ?task ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Event }

Use Case 6

• CQ: What are the best practices to publish a software in a certain academic discipline (digital humanities)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestPractice ?acDis
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Software .
?bestPractice bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}

Use Case 7

• CQ: What media types are available for resources in a certain academic discipline (music ethnology) and what are their licenses?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?academicDisc ?mediaType ?license
WHERE {
?resource nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?academicDisc ;
nfdicore:license ?license .
}

• CQ: What teaching and learning services are available in a certain academic discipline (music ethnology)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?acDis
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
}

• CQ: What guidelines are available (for an organization) to complete a process (publishing research data) for data in a specific academic discipline (performing arts)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?guideline ?resource ?acDis
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ; 
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?dataPublProcess ; 
bfo:OBI_0000293 ?resource ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?guideline .
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
?guideline rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
 }

Use Case 8

• CQ: What processes (data publication, quality assurance, analyses) are certain resource types (e.g. questionnairs) in a certain academic discipline (e.g. musicology) involved in?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?process ?resourceType ?acDis
WHERE {
?process rdf:type ?processType .
?processType rdfs:subClassOf* bfo:OBI_0000011 .
{?process bfo:OBI_0000293|bfo:OBI_0000299|bfo:RO_0000057 ?resource.} UNION {?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process}
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
 }

Use Case 9

• CQ: What are the best practices for publishing research data (resources)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestPractice
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?bestPractice bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}

Use Case 10

• CQ: What organizations and persons are participating in processes related to creative works?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?agent ?process
WHERE
{ 
?agent rdf:type ?agentType ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process . 
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:CreativeWork .
?agentType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Agent .
}

Use Case 11

• CQ: What resources that belong to a certain academic discipline (e.g. Art History) are available, what controlled vocabularies are associated with them?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?acDis ?standard
WHERE
{ 
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?conVoc .
?conVoc rdf:type nfdicore:ControlledVocabulary .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .}

Use Case 12

• CQ: What are the services and events related to specific processes (analysis, structured filing and the handling of standard data)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?r ?type ?process
WHERE
{ {?r bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;}
UNION 
{ ?r bfo:BFO_0000050 ?process ;
rdf:type nfdicore:Event }
?r rdf:type ?type 
}

Use Case 14

• CQ: What resources that belong to a certain academic discipline (e.g. Musicology) are available, what media types do they have and what qualities (e.g. semantic expressivity) are associated with them?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?acDis ?mediaType ?quality 
WHERE{
?resource rdf:type ?resourcetype ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis ;
nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType ;
?p ?quality .
?p rdfs:subPropertyOf* bfo:RO_0000086 .
?resourcetype rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 15

• CQ: What resources that belong to a certain academic discipline (e.g. Archaeology) are available and respresented by means of a certain semantic expressivity?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?resource ?acDis ?semExpressivityType
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourcetype ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis ;
nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?semExpressivity .
?semExpressivity rdf:type ?semExpressivityType .
}

• CQ: What services for teaching and learning are available in a certain academic discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?acDis
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
}

Use Case 16

• CQ: What services for linking and enriching as well as publishing and disseminating research data are available in a certain academic discipline (eg. Architecture)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?acDis
WHERE {
?service rdf:type ?serviceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
VALUES ?serviceType {nfdicore:Linkage\&Enrichment nfdicore:Publication\&Dissemination}
}

• CQ: What collections are available in a certain geographical region (e.g. Germany)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?collection ?place
WHERE {
?collection rdf:type nfdicore:Collection ;
nfdicore:location ?place .
}

Use Case 17

• CQ: What services are available for linkage and enrichment as well as storage and preservation of research data?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?serviceType
WHERE {
?service rdf:type ?serviceType ;
VALUES ?serviceType {nfdicore:Linkage\&Enrichment nfdicore:Storage\&Preservation}
}

Use Case 18

• CQ: Who has certain areas of expertise (computer science) and is a contact of a certain service (training and learning)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?agent ?expertise ?service
WHERE {
        ?agent rdf:type ?agentType .
        ?agentType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Agent .
OPTIONAL {?agent nfdicore:member ?organisation .}
         ?agent nfdicore:subjectArea ?expertise .
         ?service nfdicore:contactPoint ?agent ;
         rdf:type ?serviceType .
         ?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .}

Use Case 20

• CQ: What resource types are available in certain geographical locations?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resourceType ?location
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:location ?location .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 21

• CQ: What are the specifications and best practices utilized in the publishing process of a resource in a certain academic discipline (e.g. media science)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestPractice ?acDisc
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDisc .
?bestPractice bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}

Use Case 22

• CQ: What software or services are available for a certain task (event)? (versioning)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?event
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type ?type .
?event rdf:type ?eventType .
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
{?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service} UNION {?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Software}
}

Use Case 23

• CQ: Which software is available in a certain academic discipline (music)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?academicDisc ?resource
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?type;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?academicDisc .
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Software .
}

• CQ: What learning and teaching services are available for resources of a certain discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?acDis
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis .
}

Use Case 24

• CQ: Which resources are related to a specific subject area (ex:Architecture)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?academicDisc ?resource
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?type;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?academicDisc .
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 25

• CQ: Which resources are related to an event that occured in a specific time frame and which mediatype and, if available, semantic expressivity are they available in?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?resource ?event ?mediaType ?semExpType
WHERE
{  
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?event ;
rdf:type ?type ;
nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType .
?event rdf:type ?eventType .
?eventType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Event .
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
OPTIONAL {
?resource nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?semExp.
?semExp rdf:type ?semExpType . }
}

Use Case 26

• CQ: Which software was provided by an agent that participates in a project?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?project ?agent
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?type ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process.
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?project .
?project rdf:type nfdicore:Project .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Software .
?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?process;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role .
?role rdf:type nfdicore:ContributorRole . }

• CQ: Which resources and resource types were contributed by an agent that participates in a project?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?type ?project ?agent
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?type ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process.
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?project .
?project rdf:type nfdicore:Project .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?type rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?process;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role .
?role rdf:type nfdicore:ContributorRole . }

• CQ: What persons participate in a project and belong to a certain academic discipline (computer science or digital humanities)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?agent ?project ?acDis
WHERE {
{?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?project. } UNION
{?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?project.}
?project rdf:type nfdicore:Project .
?agent nfdicore:subjectArea ?acDis ;
rdf:type ?agentType .
?agentType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Agent .
}

• CQ: What are lerning and training services are contributed by an agent that participates in a project?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?project ?agent
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process.
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?project .
?project rdf:type nfdicore:Project .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?agent bfo:RO_0000056 ?process;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role .
?role rdf:type nfdicore:ContributorRole . }

Use Case 27

• CQ: What specifications are there for certain types of resources and mediatypes of resources?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resourcetype ?specification ?mediatype
WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?resourcetype .
  ?resourcetype rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
  OPTIONAL { ?resource nfdicore:specification ?specification . }
  OPTIONAL { ?resource nfdicore:mediaType ?mediatype . }
}

Use Case 28

• CQ: What controlled vocabularies are available for certain resource types?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resourceType ?standard
WHERE
{ 
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?conVoc .
?conVoc rdf:type nfdicore:ControlledVocabulary .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .}

NFDI4Memory

All NFDI4Memory Use Cases are available at the NFDI4Memory Consortium Webpage

Use Case 1

• CQ: Who has certain areas of expertise (e.g. IT) and is involved in a certain service (training and education)?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?contactPoint
WHERE {
?service rdf:type nfdicore:Learning\&Teaching ;
nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
?contactPoint rdf:type nfdicore:Person ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:IT .
}

Use Case 3

• CQ: What are the best practices for a certain resource?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestpractice
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:bestPractice ?bestpractice .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 5

• CQ: What software is frequently used and who are their contact points?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?software (count(?software) as ?count) ?contactPoint
WHERE {
    ?software nfdicore:contactPoint ?contactPoint .
    ?resource nfdicore:software ?software .
}
GROUP BY ?software ?contactPoint
ORDER BY DESC(?count)

Use Case 6

• CQ: What are the controlled vocabularies used in the consortium?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard
WHERE {
ex:NFDI4Memory bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ex:Repository .
?role bfo:BFO_0000054 ?process . 
?process rdf:type nfdicore:Contributing .
?resource bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?controlledVoc .
?controlledVoc rdf:type nfdicore:ControlledVocabulary . }

• CQ: What tools and services for a certain purpose are used in the consortium?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?task
WHERE { 
?service rdf:type ?serviceType .
?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service ;
rdfs:label ?task .
}

Use Case 7

• CQ: Which licences are used in certain data resources types?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?license (count (distinct ?license) as ?count) ?resourceType
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:license ?license .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}
GROUP BY ?license ?resourceType

Use Case 8

• CQ: What are the guidlines for a specific task? (publishing research data)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ; %documenting
bfo:BFO_0000050 ex:ResearchDataPublication ; %partOf
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .   %has_specified_output
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
 }

Use Case 9

• CQ: Which organizations (archives) located in Germany contribute certain resources and what licences do they use?
• SPARQL:

SELECT DISTINCT ?organization ?resource ?license 
WHERE {
?organization rdf:type nfdicore:Organization ; 
nfdicore:location ex:Germany ;
bfo:RO_0000087 ?role ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process .
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Resource ;
bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
nfdicore:license ?license . 
}

• CQ: What guidelines for data provenance for certain data type (archival) exist?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?guideline ?resourceType
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000572 ;
bfo:BFO_0000050 ?dataprovenance ;
bfo:OBI_0000293 ?resource ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?guideline .   
?guideline rdf:type nfdicore:Publication .
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
 }

Use Case 11

• CQ: Which organization has members with expertise in computer science or information technology?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?organization ?member 
WHERE {
        ?organization rdf:type nfdicore:Organisation .
        ?person rdf:type nfdicore:Person ;
         nfdicore:member ?organization .
        { ?person nfdicore:subjectArea ex:ComputerScience . } 
UNION { ?person nfdicore:subjectArea ex:InformationTechnology . 
} 
}

Use Case 13

• CQ: What data formats are used for resources in a certain academic discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?academicDisc ?mediaType
WHERE {
?resource nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?academicDisc .
}

Use Case 14

• CQ: What licences given for resources in a certain media type?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?license ?mediaType
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:mediaType ?mediaType ;
nfdicore:license ?license .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Resource .
}

Use Case 15

• CQ: Which services are available for a certain task?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?service ?task
WHERE { 
?service rdf:type ?serviceType .
?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service ;
rdfs:label ?task .
}

• CQ: Which softwares are available in a certain discipline?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource ?academicDisc
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type nfdicore:Software ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ?academicDisc .
}

Use Case 16

• CQ: Which organization offers a certain area of expertise? (IT) (including people in the organizations and their expertise)
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?orga
WHERE {
?orga rdf:type nfdicore:Organization .
?person nfdicore:member ?orga .
{?orga nfdicore:subjectArea ex:IT } UNION {?person nfdicore:subjectArea ex:IT}
}

• CQ: Which organization is a contact point for a certain service?
• SPARQL:

SELECT distinct ?service ?agent
WHERE {
?orga rdf:type nfdicore:Organization .
?service rdf:type ?serviceType .
?service nfdicore:contactPoint ?agent .
?serviceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service . 
{?agent rdf:type nfdicore:Organization} UNION {?person nfdicore:member ?agent}
}

Use Case 17

• CQ: What services in a certain academic discipline (computer science) are there?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?resource
WHERE {
?resource rdf:type ?resourceType ;
nfdicore:subjectArea ex:ComputerScience .
?resourceType rdfs:subClassOf* nfdicore:Service .
}

Use Case 23

• CQ: What are the best practices to publish a resource using a certain (open) licence?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?bestPractice ?license
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource nfdicore:license ?license .
?bestPractice bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}

Use Case 42

• CQ: What controlled vocabularies can be utizlized (in the publishing process) of a resource?
• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard 
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?resource nfdicore:standard ?standard .
?standard nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?conVoc .
?conVoc rdf:type nfdicore:ControlledVocabulary .
}

• SPARQL:

SELECT ?standard
WHERE {
?process rdf:type bfo:IAO_0000444 ;
bfo:OBI_0000299 ?resource .
?standard bfo:RO_0000056 ?process ;
rdf:type ?type ;
nfdicore:semanticExpressivity ?conVoc .
?conVoc rdf:type nfdicore:ControlledVocabulary .
VALUES ?type {nfdicore:Specification nfdicore:Standard}
}