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JerBouma committed Feb 4, 2024
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21 changes: 20 additions & 1 deletion README.md
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Expand Up @@ -1877,11 +1877,14 @@ Intrinsic value is a fundamental concept in finance and investing that represent

This functionality uses DCF, or Discounted Cash Flow which is a widely used financial valuation method that allows investors and analysts to estimate the intrinsic value of an investment or business based on its expected future cash flows. It is a fundamental tool in finance and investment analysis, providing a systematic way to assess the present value of future cash flows while considering the time value of money. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/models#get_intrinsic_valuation).

> **Gordon Growth Model**
The Gordon Growth Model, also known as the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) with Constant Growth, is a method used to estimate the intrinsic value of a stock based on its expected future dividends. The model assumes that dividends will grow at a constant rate indefinitely. The formula essentially discounts the future expected dividends to their present value, taking into account the required rate of return and the growth rate. The numerator represents the expected dividend in the next period and the denominator represents the required rate of return minus the growth rate. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/models#get_gordon_growth_model).

> **Altman Z-Score**
The Altman Z-Score is a financial metric used to predict the likelihood of a company going bankrupt. The Altman Z-Score is calculated using several financial ratios, including working capital to total assets, retained earnings to total assets, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) to total assets, market value of equity to book value of total liabilities, and sales to total assets. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/models#get_altman_z_score).


> **Piotroski F-Score**
The Piotroski Score is a comprehensive financial assessment tool that helps investors and analysts evaluate a company’s financial health and fundamental strength. The Piotroski Score was developed by Joseph Piotroski and is based on a set of nine fundamental financial criteria. Each criterion is assigned a score of 0 or 1, and the scores are then summed to calculate the Piotroski Score. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/models#get_piotroski_score).
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Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/options#get_black_scholes_model).

> **Binomial Option Pricing Model**
The Binomial Option Pricing Model is a mathematical model used to estimate the price of European and American style options. It does so by creating a binomial tree of price paths for the underlying asset, and then working backwards through the tree to determine the price of the option at each node.

The resulting output is a DataFrame containing the tickers, strike prices and movements as the index and the time to expiration as the columns. The movements index contains the number of up movements and the number of down movements. The output is the binomial tree displayed in a table. E.g. when using 10 time steps, the table for each strike price from each company will contain the actual binomial tree as also depicted in the image as seen below. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/options#get_binomial_model).

![Binomial Tree](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Arbre_Binomial_Options_Reelles.png)

> **Stock Price Simulation**
Simulate the Stock Price based on the Binomial Model, a mathematical model used to estimate the price of European and American style options. It does so by creating a binomial tree of price paths for the underlying asset based on the stock price, volatility, risk free rate, dividend yield and time to expiration. The stock price is then simulated based on the up and down movements.

The resulting output is a DataFrame containing the tickers and movements as the index and the time to expiration as the columns. The movements index contains the number of up movements and the number of down movements. The output is the binomial tree displayed in a table. E.g. when using 10 time steps, the table from each company will contain the actual binomial tree's stock prices as also depicted in the image as seen below. Find the documentation [here](https://www.jeroenbouma.com/projects/financetoolkit/docs/options#get_binomial_model).

![Stock Price Simulation](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NQilh.png)

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