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lint-locale-dependence.sh
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lint-locale-dependence.sh
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Copyright (c) 2018-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
export LC_ALL=C
# Be aware that bitcoind and bitcoin-qt differ in terms of localization: Qt
# opts in to POSIX localization by running setlocale(LC_ALL, "") on startup,
# whereas no such call is made in bitcoind.
#
# Qt runs setlocale(LC_ALL, "") on initialization. This installs the locale
# specified by the user's LC_ALL (or LC_*) environment variable as the new
# C locale.
#
# In contrast, bitcoind does not opt in to localization -- no call to
# setlocale(LC_ALL, "") is made and the environment variables LC_* are
# thus ignored.
#
# This results in situations where bitcoind is guaranteed to be running
# with the classic locale ("C") whereas the locale of bitcoin-qt will vary
# depending on the user's environment variables.
#
# An example: Assuming the environment variable LC_ALL=de_DE then the
# call std::to_string(1.23) will return "1.230000" in bitcoind but
# "1,230000" in bitcoin-qt.
#
# From the Qt documentation:
# "On Unix/Linux Qt is configured to use the system locale settings by default.
# This can cause a conflict when using POSIX functions, for instance, when
# converting between data types such as floats and strings, since the notation
# may differ between locales. To get around this problem, call the POSIX function
# setlocale(LC_NUMERIC,"C") right after initializing QApplication, QGuiApplication
# or QCoreApplication to reset the locale that is used for number formatting to
# "C"-locale."
#
# See https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qcoreapplication.html#locale-settings and
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/34878283 for more details.
# TODO: Reduce KNOWN_VIOLATIONS by replacing uses of locale dependent stoul/strtol with locale
# independent ToIntegral<T>(...) or the ParseInt*() functions.
# TODO: Reduce KNOWN_VIOLATIONS by replacing uses of locale dependent snprintf with strprintf.
KNOWN_VIOLATIONS=(
"src/dbwrapper.cpp:.*vsnprintf"
"src/test/dbwrapper_tests.cpp:.*snprintf"
"src/test/fuzz/locale.cpp"
"src/test/fuzz/string.cpp"
"src/torcontrol.cpp:.*strtol"
)
REGEXP_IGNORE_EXTERNAL_DEPENDENCIES="^src/(crypto/ctaes/|leveldb/|secp256k1/|minisketch/|tinyformat.h|univalue/)"
LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTIONS=(
alphasort # LC_COLLATE (via strcoll)
asctime # LC_TIME (directly)
asprintf # (via vasprintf)
atof # LC_NUMERIC (via strtod)
atoi # LC_NUMERIC (via strtol)
atol # LC_NUMERIC (via strtol)
atoll # (via strtoll)
atoq
btowc # LC_CTYPE (directly)
ctime # (via asctime or localtime)
dprintf # (via vdprintf)
fgetwc
fgetws
fold_case # boost::locale::fold_case
fprintf # (via vfprintf)
fputwc
fputws
fscanf # (via __vfscanf)
fwprintf # (via __vfwprintf)
getdate # via __getdate_r => isspace // __localtime_r
getwc
getwchar
is_digit # boost::algorithm::is_digit
is_space # boost::algorithm::is_space
isalnum # LC_CTYPE
isalpha # LC_CTYPE
isblank # LC_CTYPE
iscntrl # LC_CTYPE
isctype # LC_CTYPE
isdigit # LC_CTYPE
isgraph # LC_CTYPE
islower # LC_CTYPE
isprint # LC_CTYPE
ispunct # LC_CTYPE
isspace # LC_CTYPE
isupper # LC_CTYPE
iswalnum # LC_CTYPE
iswalpha # LC_CTYPE
iswblank # LC_CTYPE
iswcntrl # LC_CTYPE
iswctype # LC_CTYPE
iswdigit # LC_CTYPE
iswgraph # LC_CTYPE
iswlower # LC_CTYPE
iswprint # LC_CTYPE
iswpunct # LC_CTYPE
iswspace # LC_CTYPE
iswupper # LC_CTYPE
iswxdigit # LC_CTYPE
isxdigit # LC_CTYPE
localeconv # LC_NUMERIC + LC_MONETARY
mblen # LC_CTYPE
mbrlen
mbrtowc
mbsinit
mbsnrtowcs
mbsrtowcs
mbstowcs # LC_CTYPE
mbtowc # LC_CTYPE
mktime
normalize # boost::locale::normalize
printf # LC_NUMERIC
putwc
putwchar
scanf # LC_NUMERIC
setlocale
snprintf
sprintf
sscanf
std::locale::global
std::to_string
stod
stof
stoi
stol
stold
stoll
stoul
stoull
strcasecmp
strcasestr
strcoll # LC_COLLATE
# strerror
strfmon
strftime # LC_TIME
strncasecmp
strptime
strtod # LC_NUMERIC
strtof
strtoimax
strtol # LC_NUMERIC
strtold
strtoll
strtoq
strtoul # LC_NUMERIC
strtoull
strtoumax
strtouq
strxfrm # LC_COLLATE
swprintf
to_lower # boost::locale::to_lower
to_title # boost::locale::to_title
to_upper # boost::locale::to_upper
tolower # LC_CTYPE
toupper # LC_CTYPE
towctrans
towlower # LC_CTYPE
towupper # LC_CTYPE
trim # boost::algorithm::trim
trim_left # boost::algorithm::trim_left
trim_right # boost::algorithm::trim_right
ungetwc
vasprintf
vdprintf
versionsort
vfprintf
vfscanf
vfwprintf
vprintf
vscanf
vsnprintf
vsprintf
vsscanf
vswprintf
vwprintf
wcrtomb
wcscasecmp
wcscoll # LC_COLLATE
wcsftime # LC_TIME
wcsncasecmp
wcsnrtombs
wcsrtombs
wcstod # LC_NUMERIC
wcstof
wcstoimax
wcstol # LC_NUMERIC
wcstold
wcstoll
wcstombs # LC_CTYPE
wcstoul # LC_NUMERIC
wcstoull
wcstoumax
wcswidth
wcsxfrm # LC_COLLATE
wctob
wctomb # LC_CTYPE
wctrans
wctype
wcwidth
wprintf
)
function join_array {
local IFS="$1"
shift
echo "$*"
}
REGEXP_IGNORE_KNOWN_VIOLATIONS=$(join_array "|" "${KNOWN_VIOLATIONS[@]}")
# Invoke "git grep" only once in order to minimize run-time
REGEXP_LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTIONS=$(join_array "|" "${LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTIONS[@]}")
GIT_GREP_OUTPUT=$(git grep -E "[^a-zA-Z0-9_\`'\"<>](${REGEXP_LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTIONS}(_r|_s)?)[^a-zA-Z0-9_\`'\"<>]" -- "*.cpp" "*.h")
EXIT_CODE=0
for LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTION in "${LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTIONS[@]}"; do
MATCHES=$(grep -E "[^a-zA-Z0-9_\`'\"<>]${LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTION}(_r|_s)?[^a-zA-Z0-9_\`'\"<>]" <<< "${GIT_GREP_OUTPUT}" | \
grep -vE "\.(c|cpp|h):\s*(//|\*|/\*|\").*${LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTION}")
if [[ ${REGEXP_IGNORE_EXTERNAL_DEPENDENCIES} != "" ]]; then
MATCHES=$(grep -vE "${REGEXP_IGNORE_EXTERNAL_DEPENDENCIES}" <<< "${MATCHES}")
fi
if [[ ${REGEXP_IGNORE_KNOWN_VIOLATIONS} != "" ]]; then
MATCHES=$(grep -vE "${REGEXP_IGNORE_KNOWN_VIOLATIONS}" <<< "${MATCHES}")
fi
if [[ ${MATCHES} != "" ]]; then
echo "The locale dependent function ${LOCALE_DEPENDENT_FUNCTION}(...) appears to be used:"
echo "${MATCHES}"
echo
EXIT_CODE=1
fi
done
if [[ ${EXIT_CODE} != 0 ]]; then
echo "Unnecessary locale dependence can cause bugs that are very"
echo "tricky to isolate and fix. Please avoid using locale dependent"
echo "functions if possible."
echo
echo "Advice not applicable in this specific case? Add an exception"
echo "by updating the ignore list in $0"
fi
exit ${EXIT_CODE}