diff --git a/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.test.ts b/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.test.ts
index e1c0fa4cca..7987a6adc9 100644
--- a/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.test.ts
+++ b/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { ControllerMessenger } from '@metamask/base-controller';
 import {
   ChainId,
   convertHexToDecimal,
-  NetworkType,
   toHex,
 } from '@metamask/controller-utils';
 import EthQuery from '@metamask/eth-query';
@@ -64,10 +63,12 @@ const setupNetworkController = async ({
   unrestrictedMessenger,
   state,
   clock,
+  initializeProvider = true,
 }: {
   unrestrictedMessenger: MainControllerMessenger;
   state: Partial<NetworkState>;
   clock: sinon.SinonFakeTimers;
+  initializeProvider?: boolean;
 }) => {
   const restrictedMessenger = unrestrictedMessenger.getRestricted({
     name: 'NetworkController',
@@ -81,12 +82,15 @@ const setupNetworkController = async ({
     infuraProjectId: '123',
     trackMetaMetricsEvent: jest.fn(),
   });
-  // Call this without awaiting to simulate what the extension or mobile app
-  // might do
-  networkController.initializeProvider();
-  // Ensure that the request for eth_getBlockByNumber made by the PollingBlockTracker
-  // inside the NetworkController goes through
-  await clock.nextAsync();
+
+  if (initializeProvider) {
+    // Call this without awaiting to simulate what the extension or mobile app
+    // might do
+    networkController.initializeProvider();
+    // Ensure that the request for eth_getBlockByNumber made by the PollingBlockTracker
+    // inside the NetworkController goes through
+    await clock.nextAsync();
+  }
 
   return networkController;
 };
@@ -228,6 +232,8 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
    * @param options.interval - The polling interval.
    * @param options.state - The initial GasFeeController state
    * @param options.infuraAPIKey - The Infura API key.
+   * @param options.initializeNetworkProvider - Whether to instruct the
+   * NetworkController to initialize its provider.
    */
   async function setupGasFeeController({
     getIsEIP1559Compatible = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(true),
@@ -241,6 +247,7 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
     networkControllerState = {},
     state,
     interval,
+    initializeNetworkProvider = true,
   }: {
     getChainId?: jest.Mock<Hex>;
     onNetworkDidChange?: jest.Mock<void>;
@@ -251,12 +258,14 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
     state?: GasFeeState;
     interval?: number;
     infuraAPIKey?: string;
+    initializeNetworkProvider?: boolean;
   } = {}) {
     const controllerMessenger = getControllerMessenger();
     networkController = await setupNetworkController({
       unrestrictedMessenger: controllerMessenger,
       state: networkControllerState,
       clock,
+      initializeProvider: initializeNetworkProvider,
     });
     const messenger = getRestrictedMessenger(controllerMessenger);
     gasFeeController = new GasFeeController({
@@ -323,14 +332,24 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
               .fn()
               .mockReturnValue(true),
             networkControllerState: {
-              providerConfig: {
-                type: NetworkType.rpc,
-                chainId: toHex(1337),
-                rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
-                ticker: 'TEST',
+              networkConfigurations: {
+                'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD': {
+                  id: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
+                  chainId: toHex(1337),
+                  rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
+                  ticker: 'TEST',
+                },
               },
+              selectedNetworkClientId: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
             },
             clientId: '99999',
+            // Currently initializing the provider overwrites the
+            // `selectedNetworkClientId` we specify above based on whatever
+            // `providerConfig` is. So we prevent the provider from being
+            // initialized to make this test pass. Once `providerConfig` is
+            // removed, then we don't need this anymore and
+            // `selectedNetworkClientId` should no longer be overwritten.
+            initializeNetworkProvider: false,
           });
 
           await gasFeeController.getGasFeeEstimatesAndStartPolling(undefined);
@@ -377,14 +396,24 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
               .fn()
               .mockReturnValue(true),
             networkControllerState: {
-              providerConfig: {
-                type: NetworkType.rpc,
-                chainId: toHex(1337),
-                rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
-                ticker: 'TEST',
+              networkConfigurations: {
+                'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD': {
+                  id: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
+                  chainId: toHex(1337),
+                  rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
+                  ticker: 'TEST',
+                },
               },
+              selectedNetworkClientId: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
             },
             clientId: '99999',
+            // Currently initializing the provider overwrites the
+            // `selectedNetworkClientId` we specify above based on whatever
+            // `providerConfig` is. So we prevent the provider from being
+            // initialized to make this test pass. Once `providerConfig` is
+            // removed, then we don't need this anymore and
+            // `selectedNetworkClientId` should no longer be overwritten.
+            initializeNetworkProvider: false,
           });
 
           await gasFeeController.getGasFeeEstimatesAndStartPolling(
@@ -716,14 +745,24 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
         await setupGasFeeController({
           ...defaultConstructorOptions,
           networkControllerState: {
-            providerConfig: {
-              type: NetworkType.rpc,
-              chainId: toHex(1337),
-              rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
-              ticker: 'TEST',
+            networkConfigurations: {
+              'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD': {
+                id: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
+                chainId: toHex(1337),
+                rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
+                ticker: 'TEST',
+              },
             },
+            selectedNetworkClientId: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
           },
           clientId: '99999',
+          // Currently initializing the provider overwrites the
+          // `selectedNetworkClientId` we specify above based on whatever
+          // `providerConfig` is. So we prevent the provider from being
+          // initialized to make this test pass. Once `providerConfig` is
+          // removed, then we don't need this anymore and
+          // `selectedNetworkClientId` should no longer be overwritten.
+          initializeNetworkProvider: false,
         });
 
         await gasFeeController.fetchGasFeeEstimates();
@@ -860,14 +899,24 @@ describe('GasFeeController', () => {
         await setupGasFeeController({
           ...defaultConstructorOptions,
           networkControllerState: {
-            providerConfig: {
-              type: NetworkType.rpc,
-              chainId: toHex(1337),
-              rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
-              ticker: 'TEST',
+            networkConfigurations: {
+              'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD': {
+                id: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
+                chainId: toHex(1337),
+                rpcUrl: 'http://some/url',
+                ticker: 'TEST',
+              },
             },
+            selectedNetworkClientId: 'AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD',
           },
           clientId: '99999',
+          // Currently initializing the provider overwrites the
+          // `selectedNetworkClientId` we specify above based on whatever
+          // `providerConfig` is. So we prevent the provider from being
+          // initialized to make this test pass. Once `providerConfig` is
+          // removed, then we don't need this anymore and
+          // `selectedNetworkClientId` should no longer be overwritten.
+          initializeNetworkProvider: false,
         });
 
         await gasFeeController.fetchGasFeeEstimates();
diff --git a/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.ts b/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.ts
index 43da8894d4..0dce8d3344 100644
--- a/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.ts
+++ b/packages/gas-fee-controller/src/GasFeeController.ts
@@ -363,9 +363,13 @@ export class GasFeeController extends StaticIntervalPollingController<
         await this.#onNetworkControllerDidChange(networkControllerState);
       });
     } else {
-      this.currentChainId = this.messagingSystem.call(
+      const { selectedNetworkClientId } = this.messagingSystem.call(
         'NetworkController:getState',
-      ).providerConfig.chainId;
+      );
+      this.currentChainId = this.messagingSystem.call(
+        'NetworkController:getNetworkClientById',
+        selectedNetworkClientId,
+      ).configuration.chainId;
       this.messagingSystem.subscribe(
         'NetworkController:networkDidChange',
         async (networkControllerState) => {
@@ -586,8 +590,13 @@ export class GasFeeController extends StaticIntervalPollingController<
     );
   }
 
-  async #onNetworkControllerDidChange(networkControllerState: NetworkState) {
-    const newChainId = networkControllerState.providerConfig.chainId;
+  async #onNetworkControllerDidChange({
+    selectedNetworkClientId,
+  }: NetworkState) {
+    const newChainId = this.messagingSystem.call(
+      'NetworkController:getNetworkClientById',
+      selectedNetworkClientId,
+    ).configuration.chainId;
 
     if (newChainId !== this.currentChainId) {
       this.ethQuery = new EthQuery(this.#getProvider());