Add math expression test cases

Related to PEtab-dev/PEtab#579

petabtests/cases/v2.0.0/math/README.md

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+# PEtab math expression tests
+
+This directory contains test cases for parsing PEtab math expressions.
+
+`math_tests.yaml` contains a list of test cases under `cases`. 
+Each test case consists of a valid PEtab math expression under `expression` and
+the expected result of parsing the expression under `expected`.
+The expected result may be a numeric value or a symbolic expression.
+Booleans are expected to be converted to floats.

petabtests/cases/v2.0.0/math/math_tests.yaml

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+cases:
+- expression: "1"
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: "+1.0"
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: "-1.0"
+  expected: -1.0
+- expression: "--1.0"
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: "-(-1)"
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: 1 + 2
+  expected: 3.0
+- expression: 1 - 2
+  expected: -1.0
+- expression: 1e3 * 2
+  expected: 2000.0
+- expression: 1e+3 * 2
+  expected: 2000.0
+- expression: 1 / 2
+  expected: 0.5
+- expression: "1e2"
+  expected: 100
+- expression: "1.0e2"
+  expected: 100
+- expression: "1e+2"
+  expected: 100
+- expression: "1e-2"
+  expected: 0.01
+- expression: "1.0e-2"
+  expected: 0.01
+- expression: 1 + 2 * 3
+  expected: 7.0
+- expression: inf
+  expected: inf
+- expression: -inf
+  expected: -inf
+- expression: pow(2, 3)
+  expected: 8.0
+- expression: log(exp(1))
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: ln(exp(1))
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: log10(10)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: log2(2)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: 2^3
+  expected: 8.0
+- expression: -2^4
+  expected: -16.0
+- expression: 2^2^3
+  expected: 256.0
+- expression: 9 * 3 ^ -2
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: exp(1)
+  expected: 2.718281828459045
+- expression: sqrt(4)
+  expected: 2.0
+- expression: log(100, 10)
+  expected: 2.0
+- expression: sin(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: cos(0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: tan(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: cot(1)
+  expected: 0.6420926159343308
+- expression: sec(0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: csc(1)
+  expected: 1.18839510577812
+- expression: arcsin(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccos(1)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arctan(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccot(1)
+  expected: 0.7853981633974483
+- expression: arcsec(1)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccsc(1)
+  expected: 1.5707963267948966
+- expression: sinh(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: cosh(0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: tanh(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: coth(1)
+  expected: 1.3130352854993312
+- expression: sech(0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: csch(1)
+  expected: 0.8509181282393216
+- expression: arcsinh(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccosh(1)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arctanh(0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccoth(1)
+  expected: inf
+- expression: arcsech(1)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: arccsch(1)
+  expected: 0.881373587019543
+- expression: piecewise(1, true, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, true || true, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false || (true || true), 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(0, true || false && false, 1)
+  expected: 1.0
+  comment: Test precedence of logical operators, && and || have equal precedence in PEtab (unlike in C where && has higher precedence than ||).
+- expression: piecewise(1, true || (false && false), 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: abs(-4)
+  expected: 4.0
+- expression: sign(-2)
+  expected: -1.0
+- expression: min(1, 2)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: max(1, 2)
+  expected: 2.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 1 > 2, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 2 >= 2, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 2 == 2, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, true == true, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false == false, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 2 != 2, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 2 < 3 && 3 > 2, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 2 < 3 || 3 < 2, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, !(2 < 3), 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, true, 2, true, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+  comment: Test that the first true condition is used.
+- expression: piecewise(1, false, 2, true, 0)
+  expected: 2.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false, 2, false, 3)
+  expected: 3.0
+- expression: 3 + true
+  expected: 4.0
+- expression: 2 * false + true
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, true == 1, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, true == 2, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false == 1, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, false == 0, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: sign(true)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: sign(false)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: piecewise(true, true, false)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(false, false, true)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 1, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, -0.1, 0)
+  expected: 1.0
+- expression: piecewise(1, 0.0, 0)
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: -true
+  expected: -1.0
+- expression: -false
+  expected: 0.0
+- expression: a * b
+  expected: a * b