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Mifare Tag Ops
Operations can be executed from menu "hf 14a" or "hf mf"
proxmark3> hf 14a
help Display help
list List ISO 14443a history
reader Acts same as ISO14443 Type A reader
sim <UID> -- Fake ISO 14443a tag
snoop Eavesdrop ISO 14443 Type A
proxmark3> hf mf
help This help
dbg Set default debug mode
rdbl Read MIFARE classic block
rdsc Read MIFARE classic sector
dump Dump MIFARE classic tag to binary file
restore Restore MIFARE classic binary file to BLANK tag
wrbl Write MIFARE classic block
chk Test block up to 8 keys
mifare Read parity error messages. param - <used card nonce>
nested Test nested authentication
sim Simulate MIFARE 1k card
eclr Clear simulator memory block
eget Get simulator memory block
eset Set simulator memory block
eload Load from file emul dump
esave Save to file emul dump
ecfill Fill simulator memory with help of keys from simulator
ekeyprn Print keys from simulator memory
.....THERE ARE MORE COMMANDS IN THE LATEST PROXMARK3 EXECUTABLE WHICH ARE NOT DESCRIBED HERE
Short MIFARE HOWTO can be found here: MIFARE HOW-TO
####hf 14a list It displays the log of communication between the card and either proxmark or reader in 'hf 14a snoop'
sample:
proxmark3> hf mf rdbl 0 a ffffffffffff
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# READ BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:01 data:e6 84 87 f3 16 88 04 00 46 8e 45 55 4d 70 41 04
proxmark3> hf 14a list
recorded activity:
ETU :rssi: who bytes
---------+----+----+-----------
+ 0: : 52
+ 236: 0: TAG 04 00
+ 0: : 93 20
+ 452: 0: TAG e6 84 87 f3 16
+ 0: : 93 70 e6 84 87 f3 16 5e 35
+ 308: 0: TAG 08 b6 dd
+ 0: : 60 00 f5 7b
+ 428: 0: TAG 11 67 0f 29
+ 0: : 62 c6 da 97 5a 07 ab 21 !crc
+ 380: 0: TAG eb! 31 34! 96!
+ 0: : e0 08 2b d1 !crc
+ 1396: 0: TAG c4! 33! 62! 23! 46! 3d 6d 60 38 22! 04! b0 b8 82! 05 e0! 80 fe! !crc
+ 0: : 40 48 02 fd !crcIt employs anticollision and reads several parameters from the card
sample:
proxmark3> hf 14a reader
ATQA : 04 00
UID : e6 84 87 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SAK : 08 [2]
SAK : MIFARE CLASSIC 1K
proprietary non-iso14443a card found, RATS not supportedSimulator up to end of anticollision state of the card.
It sniffs communication between the card and the reader.
sample of reading card from another reader:
- anticollision
- select [WUPA]
- authenticate sector 1 with key A and key ffffffffffff
- read block 4 (<09090909090909090909090909090909>)
- halt
proxmark3> hf 14a snoop
#db# cancelled_a
#db# 4 0 4
#db# 20 af 7f
proxmark3> #db# COMMAND FINISHED
proxmark3> #db# maxDataLen=3, Uart.state=0, Uart.len=0
proxmark3> #db# traceLen=2980, Uart.output[0]=00000018
proxmark3> hf list 14a
Recorded Activity
Start = Start of Start Bit, End = End of last modulation. Src = Source of Transfer
iso14443a - All times are in carrier periods (1/13.56Mhz)
iClass - Timings are not as accurate
Start | End | Src | Data (! denotes parity error) | CRC | Annotation |
-----------|-----------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----|--------------------|
4077024 | 4079392 | Tag | 04 00 | |
4086924 | 4097452 | Rdr | 93 20 | | ANTICOLL
4098640 | 4102160 | Tag | e6 84 87 f3 16 | |
4186428 | 4185666 | Rdr | 93 70 e6 84 87 f3 16 5e 35 | | ANTICOLL
4243152 | 4243288 | Tag | 5c 22 92 7f | |
4256752 | 4256988 | Rdr | 60 04 d1 3d | | AUTH-A
4289152 | 4289288 | Tag | 5c 22 92 7f | |
4345152 | 4345288 | Rdr | 3b 7c 58 2b 07 32 e7 e9 | |
4379052 | 4379388 | Tag | 76 b5! 82 f7! | |
4380987 | 4382788 | Rdr | d5 c1 1c d9 !crc | |
....... It sets debug level of commands in "hf mf" menu.
debug levels:
0 - no debug messages
1 - error messages
2 - all messages
4 - extended debug mode
Level 1 or 0 is recommended. With advanced debugging, some commands may work abnormally (because of the time required to print debug message).
It reads block from a mifare card.
hf mf rdbl <block number> <key A/B> <key (12 hex symbols)>
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0xFF
- key must be either 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- key must be 12 hex symbols (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
Command to read block 0 from mifare card with authentication params: key A, key FFFFFFFFFFFF:
correct execution
proxmark3> hf mf rdbl 0 a ffffffffffff
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# READ BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:01 data:e6 84 87 f3 16 88 04 00 46 8e 45 55 4d 70 41 04
'isOk:01' - the command is executed correctly 'data:...' - block dataincorrect execution
proxmark3> hf mf rdbl 0 a ffffffffffff
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# Can't select card
#db# READ BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:00'Can't select card' - text error.
'isOk:00' - the command is not executed.
It reads sector from a mifare card.
hf mf rdsc <sector number> <key A/B> <key (12 hex symbols)>
- sector number must be between 0x00 and 0x3F
- key must be 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- key must be 12 hex symbols (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
Command to read sector 0 from mifare card with authentication params: key A, key FFFFFFFFFFFF:
correct execution
proxmark3> hf mf rdsc 0 a ffffffffffff
--sector no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# READ SECTOR FINISHED
isOk:01
data:e6 84 87 f3 16 88 04 00 46 8e 45 55 4d 70 41 04
data:02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02
data:00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
data:00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 07 80 69 ff ff ff ff ff ff'isOk:01' - the command is executed correctly.
'data:...' - sector data. blocks 0-4 of sector.
incorrect execution
--block no:4, key type:A, key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# Cmd Error: 04
#db# Read block error
isOk:00
Key must include 12 HEX symbols
isOk:00'Key is not correct' - text error.
'isOk:00' the command is not executed.
It writes block onto mifare card.
hf mf wrbl <block number> <key A/B> <key (12 hex symbols)> <block data (32 hex symbols)>
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0xFF
- key must be 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- key must be 12 hex symbols (8 bytes) (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
- block data must be 32 hex symbols (16 bytes) (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
Do not try to write into the sector trailers unless you know what you are doing!!!
It may damage the card!
correct execution
proxmark3> hf mf wrbl 4 a ffffffffffff 01010101010101010101010101010101
--block no:04 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
--data: 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
#db# WRITE BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:01'isOk:01' - the command is executed correctly.
After that, I have issued the read command to check:
proxmark3> hf mf rdbl 4 a ffffffffffff
--block no:04 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
#db# READ BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:01 data:01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01incorrect execution
proxmark3> hf mf wrbl 0 a ffffffffffff 01010101010101010101010101010101
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff
--data: 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
#db# Can't select card
#db# WRITE BLOCK FINISHED
isOk:00'Can't select card' - text error.
'isOk:00' the command is not executed.
####hf mf chk
It checks several keys (up to 8) in specific card sector.
hf mf chk <block number> <key A/B> [<key (12 hex symbols)>]
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0xFF
- key type must be either 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- key must be 12 hex symbols (8 bytes) (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
sample:
proxmark3> hf mf chk 0 A FFFFFFFFFFFF a0a1a2a3a4a5 b0b1b2b3b4b5
--block no:00 key type:00 key count:3
isOk:01 valid key:ffffffffffff'isOk:01' - the command is executed correctly.
'valid key' - the correct key
It implements mifare "darkside" attack.
hf mf mifare [wrong Nt]
- wrong Nt - it dont use this Nt to collect statistical information.
It is recommended that if 'hf mf mifare' found wrong key then run hf mf mifare , where Nt - from previous run of the command.
After executing of the attack it tests key. If it found an invalid key it prints "Found invalid key. ( Nt=XXXXXXXX".
example of a correct execution:
proxmark3> hf mf mifare
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Executing command. Expected execution time: 25sec on average :-)
Press the key on the proxmark3 device to abort both proxmark3 and client.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
..................
uid(aa810a1a) nt(5e012841) par(3ce4e41ce41c8c84) ks(0209080903070606) nr(2400000000)
|diff|{nr} |ks3|ks3^5|parity |
+----+--------+---+-----+---------------+
| 00 |00000000| 2 | 7 |0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0|
| 20 |00000020| 9 | c |0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1|
| 40 |00000040| 8 | d |0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1|
| 60 |00000060| 9 | c |0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0|
| 80 |00000080| 3 | 6 |0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1|
| a0 |000000a0| 7 | 2 |0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0|
| c0 |000000c0| 6 | 3 |0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1|
| e0 |000000e0| 6 | 3 |0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1|
key_count:1
------------------------------------------------------------------
Key found:ffffffffffff
Found valid key:ffffffffffff If it founds an invalid key (for example ec49e598), run this:
proxmark3> hf mf mifare ec49e598
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Executing command. It may take up to 30 min.
Press the key on proxmark3 device to abort proxmark3.
Press the key on the proxmark3 device to abort both proxmark3 and client.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
...................................................
isOk:01
uid(e68487f3) nt(d993ca31) par(2c4ce424d44c6c84) ks(0b0f0e0f0c0f0108)
|diff|{nr} |ks3|ks3^5|parity |
+----+--------+---+-----+---------------+
| 00 |00000000| b | e |0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0|
| 20 |00000020| f | a |0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0|
| 40 |00000040| e | b |0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1|
| 60 |00000060| f | a |0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0|
| 80 |00000080| c | 9 |0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1|
| a0 |000000a0| f | a |0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0|
| c0 |000000c0| 1 | 4 |0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0|
| e0 |000000e0| 8 | d |0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1|
#db# COMMAND mifare FINISHED
------------------------------------------------------------------
Key found:ffffffffffff
Found valid key:ffffffffffffResult is ok.
It implements mifare "nested authentication" attack. It needs to know at least one sector key to use it.
There are 2 main modes:
-
all sectors attack.
Firstly it tries public keys for all sector, then makes nested attack and then tests the keys. It makes up to 10 attempts to attack one sector. You can cpecify a block number and it calculates offset from the beginning of the sector (block shift) and attacks all the rest sectors with this offset. hf mf nested <key A/B> <key (12 hex symbols)> [t] -
one sector attack. It attacks only one sector. It intends to use for testing if card can be broken via this attack.
hf mf nested o <key A/B> <key (12 hex symbols)> <target key A/B> [t]
Where:
- Card memory: 0 - MINI(320 bytes), 1 - 1K, 2 - 2K, 4 - 4K, - 1K
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0xFF
- key type must be either 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- key must be 12 hex symbols (8 bytes) (for example: FFFFFFFFFFFF)
- target block number must be between 0x00 and 0xFF
- target key type must be either 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
- t - transfer keys into emulator memory. Fills the emulator memory with extracted keys.
Example of one sector attack:
proxmark3> hf mf nested o 0 a ffffffffffff 4 a
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff etrans:0
--target block no:04 target key type:00
..uid:e68487f3 len=5 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=1 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=5 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=1 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=2 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=5 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=3 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
uid:e68487f3 len=2 trgbl=4 trgkey=0
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total keys count:1657647
cnt=0 key= 31 09 f5 fe af ff
cnt=1 key= ff ff ff ff ff ff
cnt=2 key= 8c 9b fa 2f dd ff
cnt=3 key= 0e a7 5a ff ff ff
cnt=4 key= 11 c4 ff 7e dd ff
cnt=5 key= ad 1a 73 7f dd ff
cnt=6 key= f1 59 f0 2c 63 c2
cnt=7 key= 63 74 f0 2c 2f 15
cnt=8 key= 88 60 f0 2c da e8
cnt=9 key= e0 b5 f0 2c 15 60
cnt=10 key= ec 0f f0 2d 2d 74
cnt=11 key= ec b9 f0 2b fb 6a
cnt=12 key= 2c b3 f0 2d 50 20
cnt=13 key= e1 ed f0 2b fb 4a
cnt=14 key= c7 e1 f0 2b f1 ea
cnt=15 key= ab 80 f0 2b c5 ec
Found valid key:ffffffffffffExample of all sectors attack:
proxmark3> hf mf nested 1 0 a ffffffffffff
--block no:00 key type:00 key:ff ff ff ff ff ff etrans:0
Block shift=0
Testing known keys. Sector count=16
nested...
Iterations count: 0
|---|----------------|---|----------------|---|
|sec|key A |res|key B |res|
|---|----------------|---|----------------|---|
|000| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|001| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|002| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|003| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|004| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|005| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|006| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|007| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|008| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|009| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|010| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|011| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|012| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|013| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|014| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|015| ffffffffffff | 1 | ffffffffffff | 1 |
|---|----------------|---|----------------|---|It simulates MIFARE classic tag. Tag contents is stored into the emulator memory and can be read and written by the following commands.
hf mf sim <UID 8 hex digits>
- 4 byte UID if specified - replaces UID that is stored into the emulator memory. However, the replacement doesn't get loaded into the memory.
It fills the memory of emulator of a blank MIFARE 1K card with default (0xFFFFFFFFFFFF) keys.
It gets blocks from the card emulator dump.
hf mf eget <block number>
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0x63
Example of use:
proxmark3> hf mf eget 0
data[0]:e6 84 87 f3 16 88 04 00 46 8e 45 55 4d 70 41 04
data[1]:00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
data[2]:00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00It sets block in the card emulator dump.
hf mf eset <block number> <block data (32 hex symbols)>
- block number must be between 0x00 and 0x63
- block data - '000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f'
Example of use:
proxmark3> hf mf eset 1 000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f
Just to make sure:
proxmark3> hf mf eget 0
data[0]:e6 84 87 f3 16 88 04 00 46 8e 45 55 4d 70 41 04
data[1]:00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f
data[2]:00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00It loads dump to the card emulator memory.
hf mf eload <file name>
- file name without '.eml' extension.
It saves dump from the card emulator memory.
hf mf esave <file name>
- file name without '.eml' extension. If the file name is empty, the file name will be the first 7 bytes in hex from emulator memory. (UID location).
It fills the memory of MIFARE card emulator. It uses keys from the emulator memory (to view the keys: 'hf mf ekeyprn')
hf mf efill <key A/B>
- key must be 'A' or 'B' (authentication command is 0x60 for 'A' and 0x61 for 'B')
It prints keys from the emulator memory (MIFARE classic 1K).
proxmark3> hf mf ekeyprn
|---|----------------|----------------|
|sec|key A |key B |
|---|----------------|----------------|
|000| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|001| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|002| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|003| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|004| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|005| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|006| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|007| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|008| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|009| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|010| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|011| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|012| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|013| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|014| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
|015| f0f0f0f0f0f0 | f0f0f0f0f0f0 |
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