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Add rule for insert or remove rootkit #5114

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Add rule for insert or remove rootkit #5114

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CheraghiMilad
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@CheraghiMilad CheraghiMilad commented Dec 8, 2024 •
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Summary of the Pull Request

Adversaries may attempt to insert/remove rootkits onto a victim host. This rule detects the use of commands such as 'insmod', 'modprobe', and 'rmmod' which are commonly used to load or remove kernel modules.

Changelog

Example Log Event

modprobe log

<Events>
  <Event>
    <System>
      <Provider Name="Linux-Sysmon" Guid="{ff032593-a8d3-4f13-b0d6-01fc615a0f97}"/>
      <EventID>1</EventID>
      <Version>5</Version>
      <Level>4</Level>
      <Task>1</Task>
      <Opcode>0</Opcode>
      <Keywords>0x8000000000000000</Keywords>
      <TimeCreated SystemTime="2024-12-08T12:17:05.947567000Z"/>
      <EventRecordID>364668</EventRecordID>
      <Correlation/>
      <Execution ProcessID="1252" ThreadID="1252"/>
      <Channel>Linux-Sysmon/Operational</Channel>
      <Computer>caldera-virtual-machine</Computer>
      <Security UserId="0"/>
    </System>
    <EventData>
      <Data Name="RuleName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="UtcTime">2024-12-08 12:17:06.840</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e42-6755-b5e8-90b89c550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessId">3071</Data>
      <Data Name="Image">/usr/bin/kmod</Data>
      <Data Name="FileVersion">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Description">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Product">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Company">-</Data>
      <Data Name="OriginalFileName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="CommandLine">modprobe /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-124-generic/kernel/mm/z3fos.ko</Data>
      <Data Name="CurrentDirectory">/home/caldera</Data>
      <Data Name="User">root</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonGuid">{36fe7a82-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonId">0</Data>
      <Data Name="TerminalSessionId">3</Data>
      <Data Name="IntegrityLevel">no level</Data>
      <Data Name="Hashes">SHA256=b053785f6308f16a0d3259c4f925a78b761ff5e922b2529079a579581a82cfca</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e42-6755-d5ab-c64af2550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessId">3070</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentImage">/usr/bin/sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentCommandLine">sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentUser">caldera</Data>
    </EventData>
  </Event>

sudo modprobe log

  <Event>
    <System>
      <Provider Name="Linux-Sysmon" Guid="{ff032593-a8d3-4f13-b0d6-01fc615a0f97}"/>
      <EventID>1</EventID>
      <Version>5</Version>
      <Level>4</Level>
      <Task>1</Task>
      <Opcode>0</Opcode>
      <Keywords>0x8000000000000000</Keywords>
      <TimeCreated SystemTime="2024-12-08T12:17:05.907715000Z"/>
      <EventRecordID>364667</EventRecordID>
      <Correlation/>
      <Execution ProcessID="1252" ThreadID="1252"/>
      <Channel>Linux-Sysmon/Operational</Channel>
      <Computer>caldera-virtual-machine</Computer>
      <Security UserId="0"/>
    </System>
    <EventData>
      <Data Name="RuleName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="UtcTime">2024-12-08 12:17:06.800</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e42-6755-d5ab-c64af2550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessId">3070</Data>
      <Data Name="Image">/usr/bin/sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="FileVersion">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Description">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Product">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Company">-</Data>
      <Data Name="OriginalFileName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="CommandLine">sudo modprobe /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-124-generic/kernel/mm/z3fos.ko</Data>
      <Data Name="CurrentDirectory">/home/caldera</Data>
      <Data Name="User">caldera</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonGuid">{36fe7a82-0000-0000-e803-000000000000}</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonId">1000</Data>
      <Data Name="TerminalSessionId">3</Data>
      <Data Name="IntegrityLevel">no level</Data>
      <Data Name="Hashes">SHA256=aa14020c0639285fc2e4592eaf6a4e8e9c5fa799bc7bda3ee929a0b5593239dc</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-6868-6755-d5d6-c908e8550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessId">2352</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentImage">/usr/bin/bash</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentCommandLine">bash</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentUser">caldera</Data>
    </EventData>
  </Event>

rmmod log

  <Event>
    <System>
      <Provider Name="Linux-Sysmon" Guid="{ff032593-a8d3-4f13-b0d6-01fc615a0f97}"/>
      <EventID>1</EventID>
      <Version>5</Version>
      <Level>4</Level>
      <Task>1</Task>
      <Opcode>0</Opcode>
      <Keywords>0x8000000000000000</Keywords>
      <TimeCreated SystemTime="2024-12-08T12:16:38.315031000Z"/>
      <EventRecordID>364664</EventRecordID>
      <Correlation/>
      <Execution ProcessID="1252" ThreadID="1252"/>
      <Channel>Linux-Sysmon/Operational</Channel>
      <Computer>caldera-virtual-machine</Computer>
      <Security UserId="0"/>
    </System>
    <EventData>
      <Data Name="RuleName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="UtcTime">2024-12-08 12:16:39.207</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e27-6755-b548-d921b5550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessId">3066</Data>
      <Data Name="Image">/usr/bin/kmod</Data>
      <Data Name="FileVersion">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Description">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Product">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Company">-</Data>
      <Data Name="OriginalFileName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="CommandLine">rmmod /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-124-generic/kernel/mm/z3fos.ko</Data>
      <Data Name="CurrentDirectory">/home/caldera</Data>
      <Data Name="User">root</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonGuid">{36fe7a82-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonId">0</Data>
      <Data Name="TerminalSessionId">3</Data>
      <Data Name="IntegrityLevel">no level</Data>
      <Data Name="Hashes">SHA256=b053785f6308f16a0d3259c4f925a78b761ff5e922b2529079a579581a82cfca</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e27-6755-d54b-9ca1cd550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessId">3065</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentImage">/usr/bin/sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentCommandLine">sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentUser">caldera</Data>
    </EventData>
  </Event>

insmod log

  <Event>
    <System>
      <Provider Name="Linux-Sysmon" Guid="{ff032593-a8d3-4f13-b0d6-01fc615a0f97}"/>
      <EventID>1</EventID>
      <Version>5</Version>
      <Level>4</Level>
      <Task>1</Task>
      <Opcode>0</Opcode>
      <Keywords>0x8000000000000000</Keywords>
      <TimeCreated SystemTime="2024-12-08T12:16:27.953174000Z"/>
      <EventRecordID>364662</EventRecordID>
      <Correlation/>
      <Execution ProcessID="1252" ThreadID="1252"/>
      <Channel>Linux-Sysmon/Operational</Channel>
      <Computer>caldera-virtual-machine</Computer>
      <Security UserId="0"/>
    </System>
    <EventData>
      <Data Name="RuleName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="UtcTime">2024-12-08 12:16:28.845</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e1c-6755-b508-7ecc18560000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ProcessId">3064</Data>
      <Data Name="Image">/usr/bin/kmod</Data>
      <Data Name="FileVersion">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Description">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Product">-</Data>
      <Data Name="Company">-</Data>
      <Data Name="OriginalFileName">-</Data>
      <Data Name="CommandLine">insmod /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-124-generic/kernel/mm/z3fold.ko</Data>
      <Data Name="CurrentDirectory">/home/caldera</Data>
      <Data Name="User">root</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonGuid">{36fe7a82-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}</Data>
      <Data Name="LogonId">0</Data>
      <Data Name="TerminalSessionId">3</Data>
      <Data Name="IntegrityLevel">no level</Data>
      <Data Name="Hashes">SHA256=b053785f6308f16a0d3259c4f925a78b761ff5e922b2529079a579581a82cfca</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessGuid">{36fe7a82-8e1b-6755-d5fb-2b2498550000}</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentProcessId">3062</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentImage">/usr/bin/sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentCommandLine">sudo</Data>
      <Data Name="ParentUser">caldera</Data>
    </EventData>
  </Event>
</Events>

Screenshot 2024-12-08 163553

Fixed Issues

SigmaHQ Rule Creation Conventions

  • If your PR adds new rules, please consider following and applying these conventions

@github-actions github-actions bot added Rules Linux Pull request add/update linux related rules labels Dec 8, 2024
@nasbench nasbench added Work In Progress Some changes are needed Author Input Required changes the require information from original author of the rules labels Dec 8, 2024
@CheraghiMilad
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I faced an error that says, 'Rule has a title with invalid case.' I tried many keywords but couldn't pass it. Could you suggest a good title for it, or provide a list of blacklisted words for the title?

@frack113
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From the test result https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/actions/runs/12250758661/job/34174271371#step:5:36

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@frack113 frack113 frack113 left review comments

@nasbench nasbench Awaiting requested review from nasbench

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@CheraghiMilad @frack113 @nasbench