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Options

The manuals will show all the flags and options which are available for the respective tasks. If you find yourself in a situation where you always define certain flags in order to make the CLI compliant to your project, you can move those definitions also into a file called .sequelizerc. The file will get required if available and can therefore be either a JSON file or a Node.JS script that exports a hash.

Example for a Node.JS script

var path = require('path')

module.exports = {
  'config':          path.resolve('config', 'database.json'),
  'migrations-path': path.resolve('db', 'migrate')
}

This will configure the CLI to always treat config/database.json as config file and db/migrate as the directory for migrations.

Configuration file

By default the CLI will try to use the file config/config.js and config/config.json. You can modify that path either via the --config flag or via the option mentioned earlier. Here is how a configuration file might look like (this is the one that sequelize init generates):

{
  "development": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_development",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  },
  "test": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_test",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  },
  "production": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_production",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  }
}

The properties can also be combined to a url:

{
  "development":  {
    "url": "mysql://root:password@mysql_host.com/database_name",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  }
}

In case of a JS file it obviously needs to module.exports the object. Optionally, it's possible to put all the configuration to the url option. The format is explained in the section below.

Configuration Connection String

As an alternative to the --config option with configuration files defining your database, you can use the --url option to pass in a connection string. For example:

sequelize db:migrate --url 'mysql://root:password@mysql_host.com/database_name'

Configuration Connection Environment Variable

Another possibility is to store the URL in an environment variable and to tell the CLI to lookup a certain variable during runtime. Let's assume you have an environment variable called DB_CONNECTION_STRING which stores the value mysql://root:password@mysql_host.com/database_name. In order to make the CLI use it, you have to use declare it in your config file:

{
    "production": {
        "use_env_variable": "DB_CONNECTION_STRING"
    }
}

With v2.0.0 of the CLI you can also just directly access the environment variables inside the config/config.js:

module.exports = {
    "production": {
        "hostname": process.env.DB_HOSTNAME
    }
}

Configuration for connecting over SSL

Ensure ssl is specified in both dialectOptions and in the base config.

{
    "production": {
        "use_env_variable":"DB_CONNECTION_STRING",
        "dialect":"postgres",
        "ssl": true,
        "dialectOptions": {
            "ssl": true
        }
    }
}

Storage

There are three types of storage that you can use: sequelize, json, and none.

  • sequelize : stores migrations and seeds in a table on the sequelize database
  • json : stores migrations and seeds on a json file
  • none : does not store any migration/seed

Migration

By default the CLI will create a table in your database called SequelizeMeta containing an entry for each executed migration. To change this behavior, there are three options you can add to the configuration file. Using migrationStorage, you can choose the type of storage to be used for migrations. If you choose json, you can specify the path of the file using migrationStoragePath or the CLI will write to the file sequelize-meta.json. If you want to keep the information in the database, using sequelize, but want to use a different table, you can change the table name using migrationStorageTableName.

{
  "development": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_development",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql",

    // Use a different storage type. Default: sequelize
    "migrationStorage": "json",

    // Use a different file name. Default: sequelize-meta.json
    "migrationStoragePath": "sequelizeMeta.json",

    // Use a different table name. Default: SequelizeMeta
    "migrationStorageTableName": "sequelize_meta"
  }
}

NOTE: The none storage is not recommended as a migration storage. If you decide to use it, be aware of the implications of having no record of what migrations did or didn't run.

Seed

By default the CLI will not save any seed that is executed. If you choose to change this behavior (!), you can use seederStorage in the configuration file to change the storage type. If you choose json, you can specify the path of the file using seederStoragePath or the CLI will write to the file sequelize-data.json. If you want to keep the information in the database, using sequelize, you can specify the table name using seederStorageTableName, or it will default to SequelizeData.

{
  "development": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_development",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql",
    // Use a different storage. Default: none
    "seederStorage": "json",
    // Use a different file name. Default: sequelize-data.json
    "seederStoragePath": "sequelizeData.json",
    // Use a different table name. Default: SequelizeData
    "seederStorageTableName": "sequelize_data"
  }
}

Dialect specific options

In order to pass options to the underlying database connectors, you can add the property dialectOptions to your configuration like this:

var fs = require('fs');

module.exports = {
  development: {
    dialect: 'mysql',
    dialectOptions: {
      ssl: {
        ca: fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/mysql-ca.crt')
      }
    }
  }
};

Schema migration

Sequelize CLI continue to use schema from v2 and fully compatible with v2. If you are still using old schema from pre v2, use v2 to upgrade to current schema with db:migrate:old_schema

Timestamps

Since v2.8.0 the CLI supports a adding timestamps to the schema for saving the executed migrations. You can opt-in for timestamps by running the following command:

$ sequelize db:migrate:schema:timestamps:add

The migration schema

The CLI uses umzug and its migration schema. This means a migration has to look like this:

"use strict";

module.exports = {
  up: function(queryInterface, Sequelize, done) {
    done();
  },

  down: function(queryInterface) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
      resolve();
    });
  }
};

Please note that you can either return a Promise or call the third argument of the function once your asynchronous logic was executed. If you pass something to the callback function (the done function) it will be treated as erroneous execution.

Additional note: If you need to access the sequelize instance, you can easily do that via queryInterface.sequelize. For example queryInterface.sequelize.query('CREATE TABLE mytable();').