Note: This library has known security vulnerabilities, use at your own risk!
We enhance the express-handlebars server-side view engine by leveraging the secure-handlebars for defending against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). Hence, web applications can be automatically secured by contextual output escaping.
- Immediate Benefits: Our approach outperforms the existing HTML escaping by applying precise filtering rules that are specific to different output contexts, and is thus more secure against XSS vectors while eliminating double encodings altogether.
- Least Adoption Effort: The manual effort required is as easy as batch replacing
express-handlebarswithexpress-secure-handlebars(i.e., to update thoserequire()calls as well as the dependency in yourpackage.json). The nitty-gritties of filter choices and integrations are all automated!
For more details, kindly refer to the introductions to secure-handlebars and xss-filters.
npm install express-secure-handlebars --saveSimply replace express-handlebars with the express-secure-handlebars package in all require()!
Based on the basic example of ExpressHandlebars, here we show an example app that can be secured only with our package.
views/profile.handlebars:
Given that there is a very typical handlebars template file written like so to incorporate user inputs. The enhanced package can secure the web application by automatically applying context-sensitive output filters, which otherwise is still subject to XSS attacks if using the default escaping approach (e.g., when url is javascript:alert(1) or onclick=alert(1)).
<h1>Example App: {{title}}</h1>
...
<div>User-provided URL: <a href="{{url}}">{{url}}</a></div>
...views/layouts/main.handlebars:
Same as the Handlebars original example, this file serves as the HTML page wrapper which can be reused for the different views of the app. {{{body}}} is used as a placeholder for where the main content should be rendered.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>{{title}}</title></head>
<body>
{{{body}}}
</body>
</html>app.js:
A super simple Express app that registers the Handlebars view engine.
var express = require('express'),
// The only difference is to replace 'express-handlebars' with our enhanced package.
// exphbs = require('express-handlebars');
exphbs = require('express-secure-handlebars');
var app = express(),
hbs = exphbs.create({ /* config */ });
app.engine('handlebars', hbs.engine);
app.set('view engine', 'handlebars');
app.use('/profile', function (req, res) {
res.render('profile', {
title: 'User Profile',
url: req.query.url // an untrusted user input
});
});
app.listen(3000);Please refer to the section documented in secure-handlebars.
Please refer to the section documented in secure-handlebars.
Apply your changes to files in src/, and then run the tests.
npm testThis software is free to use under the Yahoo Inc. BSD license. See the LICENSE file for license text and copyright information.