ConstructionWorkersSafety.nlogo

breed[managers manager]
breed[workers worker]


workers-own[
  risk_attitude
  risk_acceptance
  project_identity
  unsafe_behavior
  group_id
  weight_on_social_influence
  workgroup_norm
  management_norm
  perception_coefficient
  perceived_risk
  incident_rate
  old_management_norm
  old_unsafe_behavior
  old_risk_attitude
  old_perception_coefficient
  workers_memory
]

managers-own[
  management_feedback
  managers_risk_acceptance;
  old_management_feedback
  group_id
]


to setup
  clear-all
  reset-ticks

  create-workers 200 [
    set group_id ceiling (who / 10 );200 divided by 10 workers to give 20 GroupIDs
    if who = 0 [set group_id 1]
    set risk_attitude random-float 1 ;;
    set risk_acceptance random-float 1
    set project_identity random-float 1
    set unsafe_behavior random 2
    set workgroup_norm random-float 1
    set management_norm random-float 1
    set perception_coefficient 0.6 + random-float (1.2 - 0.6)
    set weight_on_social_influence random-float 1
    set perceived_risk random-float 1
    set incident_rate random-float 1
  ]

  create-managers 20 [
    set hidden? true
    move-to one-of patches
    set group_id who - 199
    set management_feedback random 2
    set managers_risk_acceptance random-float 1
  ]

  ask workers[
    move-to one-of managers with [group_id = [group_id] of myself] fd 1]

ask workers [set hidden? true]

end

to go

  ask workers;; EFFECT OF INCIDENTS ON RISK ATTITUDE OF WORKERS
  [
    If incident_rate < 0.1 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1);
    [set risk_attitude 0.6 + random-float (0.9 - 0.6)];Worker revises risk attitude to be more risk-seeking due to low rate of incident
    If incident_rate > 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)
    [set risk_attitude 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)];;Worker revises risk attitude to be more risk-averse after an accident

    If incident_rate > 0.7 + random-float (1.0 - 0.7)
    [set risk_attitude 0.1 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1)];Worker revises risk attitude to be more risk-averse after an accident

;;  INCIDENT RATES IN VARIOUS SITE RISK CONDITONS
    if unsafe_behavior = 1 and site_risk < 0.1 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1)
    [set incident_rate 0 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1) ];; Low probability of incident in low site risk

    if unsafe_behavior = 1 and site_risk > 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)
    [set incident_rate 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)];; medium probability of incident in medium site risk

    if unsafe_behavior = 1 and site_risk > 0.7 + random-float (1.0 - 0.7)
    [set incident_rate 0.7 + random-float (1.0 - 0.7)];; high probability of incident in high site risk

  ]

  ; EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT FEEDBACK ON SAFE BEHAVIOR.

  ask workers
  [
    if random-float perceived_risk > random-float risk_acceptance [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0 + random-float (0.3 - 0)]
    if random-float perceived_risk < random-float risk_acceptance [set unsafe_behavior 1 set incident_rate 0.6 + random-float (1.0 - 0.6)]

  ]


  ask workers;; EQUATION OF WORKER'S RISK PERCEPTION
  [
    set old_risk_attitude risk_attitude
    set old_perception_coefficient perception_coefficient ; EQUATION 1
    set perception_coefficient old_perception_coefficient - (risk_attitude - old_risk_attitude);Risk perception co-efficient is a ratio of perceived risk to actual risk
    set perceived_risk perception_coefficient * site_risk; EQUATION 2

    ;; EQUATION OF WORKER'S RISK ACCEPTANCE
    set risk_acceptance ((1 - weight_on_social_influence) * risk_attitude) +
      (weight_on_social_influence * (project_identity * management_norm) + ((1 - project_identity) * workgroup_norm));;EQUATION 3-Worker's risk acceptance is a function of risk attitude,management norm, workgroup norm and project identity.

  ;; EQUATION OF WORKGROUP NORM
    let old_workgroup_norm workgroup_norm
   let k count workers with [unsafe_behavior = 1]
  let sumPRA sum [risk_acceptance] of workers
    set workgroup_norm ((1 - 1 / 15) * old_workgroup_norm + 1 / 15 * (1 / (k + 1)) * sumPRA);; EQUATION 4: Workgroup norm is the sum of previous workgroup norm and the current perception of the average of coworkers' risk acceptance

    set old_management_norm management_norm
    set management_norm ((1 - 1 / 15) * old_management_norm + 1 / 15 * mean [managers_risk_acceptance] of managers);;EQUATION 6: Management norm is the sum of previous management norm and the current perception of managers' risk acceptance

  ]

ask workers
[

; EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT FEEDBACK ON SAFE BEHAVIOR.

    set old_unsafe_behavior unsafe_behavior
   if old_unsafe_behavior = 0 and ([management_feedback] of managers = 1)
      [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0.1 + random-float (0.2 - 0.1)]; Worker performs safe behavior when given a feedback with minimum incident rate

    if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and ([management_feedback] of managers) = 0
    [set unsafe_behavior 1 set incident_rate 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)]; Worker performs unsafely without feedback which increases incident rate

    if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and ([management_feedback] of managers) = 1
    [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0.1 + random-float (0.2 - 0.1)]; Worker performs safe behavior when given a feedback


    ;STICTNESS OF FEEDBACK
     if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and strict_feedback < 0.1 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1)
      [set unsafe_behavior 1 set incident_rate 0.5 + random-float (0.8 - 0.5)]; Worker performs unsafe behavior with minimum strictness and maximum incident rate

   if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and strict_feedback > 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)
      [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0.3 + random-float (0.6 - 0.3)]; Worker performs safe behavior with medium strictness and medium incident rate

     if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and strict_feedback > 0.6 + random-float (1.0 - 0.6)
      [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0.1 + random-float (0.2 - 0.1)]; Worker performs safely with maximum strictness and minimum incident rate



    ;FREQUENCY OF FEEDBACK
     if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and frequent_feedback < 0.1 + random-float (0.3 - 0.1)
      [set unsafe_behavior 1 set incident_rate 0.5 + random-float (0.8 - 0.5)]; Worker performs unsafe behavior with minimum feedback frequency and maximum incident rate

   if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and frequent_feedback > 0.4 + random-float (0.6 - 0.4)
      [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0.3 + random-float (0.5 - 0.3)]; Worker performs safe behavior with medium  feedback frequency and medium incident rate

     if old_unsafe_behavior = 1 and frequent_feedback > 0.7 + random-float (1.0 - 0.7)
      [set unsafe_behavior 0 set incident_rate 0 + random-float (0.2 - 0.1)]; Worker performs safely with maximum  feedback frequency and minimum incident rate

]

tick
end
@#$#@#$#@
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PLOT
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WN, RA  and MN
time
mean
0.0
100.0
0.0
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true
true
"" ""
PENS
"MN" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "plot mean [workgroup_norm] of workers" "plot mean [management_norm] of workers"
"RA" 1.0 0 -7500403 true "" "plot mean [risk_acceptance] of workers"
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SLIDER
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SLIDER
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MONITOR
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Mean incident_rate
mean[ incident_rate ] of workers
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MONITOR
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UB
count workers with [unsafe_behavior = 1]
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PLOT
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RA and R.ACC
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10.0
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"" ""
PENS
"Risk Attitude" 1.0 0 -955883 true "" "plot mean [risk_attitude] of workers"
"Risk Acceptance" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot mean [risk_acceptance] of workers"

PLOT
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MN and RA
time
mean
0.0
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0.0
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true
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"" ""
PENS
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"RA" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot mean [risk_attitude] of workers"

PLOT
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SR and IR
NIL
NIL
0.0
10.0
0.0
1.0
true
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"" ""
PENS
"SR" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" "plot mean [site_risk] of workers"
"IR" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" "plot mean [incident_rate] of workers"

PLOT
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SF and IR in HRS
NIL
NIL
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"" ""
PENS
"SF" 1.0 0 -9276814 true "" "plot mean [strict_feedback] of workers"
"IR" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot mean [incident_rate] of workers"

PLOT
210
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RA and IR in MRS
time
mean
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true
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"" ""
PENS
"RA" 1.0 0 -14070903 true "" "plot mean [risk_attitude] of workers"
"IR" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot mean [incident_rate] of workers"

@#$#@#$#@
## WHAT IS IT?

(a general understanding of what the model is trying to show or explain)

## HOW IT WORKS

(what rules the agents use to create the overall behavior of the model)

## HOW TO USE IT

(how to use the model, including a description of each of the items in the Interface tab)

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## EXTENDING THE MODEL

(suggested things to add or change in the Code tab to make the model more complicated, detailed, accurate, etc.)

## NETLOGO FEATURES

(interesting or unusual features of NetLogo that the model uses, particularly in the Code tab; or where workarounds were needed for missing features)

## RELATED MODELS

(models in the NetLogo Models Library and elsewhere which are of related interest)

## CREDITS AND REFERENCES

(a reference to the model's URL on the web if it has one, as well as any other necessary credits, citations, and links)
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NetLogo 6.1.0
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