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Traffic Control With Antrea

Table of Contents

What is TrafficControl?

TrafficControl is a CRD API that manages and manipulates the transmission of Pod traffic. It allows users to mirror or redirect specific traffic originating from specific Pods or destined for specific Pods to a local network device or a remote destination via a tunnel of various types. It provides full visibility into network traffic, including both north-south and east-west traffic.

You may be interested in using this capability if any of the following apply:

  • You want to monitor network traffic passing in or out of a set of Pods for purposes such as troubleshooting, intrusion detection, and so on.

  • You want to redirect network traffic passing in or out of a set of Pods to applications that enforce policies, and reject traffic to prevent intrusion.

This guide demonstrates how to configure TrafficControl to achieve the above goals.

Prerequisites

TrafficControl was introduced in v1.7 as an alpha feature. A feature gate, TrafficControl must be enabled on the antrea-agent in the antrea-config ConfigMap for the feature to work, like the following:

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: antrea-config
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  antrea-agent.conf: |
    featureGates:
      TrafficControl: true

The TrafficControl resource

A TrafficControl in Kubernetes is a REST object. Like all the REST objects, you can POST a TrafficControl definition to the API server to create a new instance. For example, supposing you have a set of Pods which contain a label app=web, the following specification creates a new TrafficControl object named "mirror-web-app", which mirrors all traffic from or to any Pod with the app=web label and send them to a receiver running on "10.0.10.2" encapsulated within a VXLAN tunnel:

apiVersion: crd.antrea.io/v1alpha2
kind: TrafficControl
metadata:
  name: mirror-web-app
spec:
  appliedTo:
    podSelector:
      matchLabels:
        app: web
  direction: Both
  action: Mirror
  targetPort:
    vxlan:
      remoteIP: 10.0.10.2

AppliedTo

The appliedTo field specifies the grouping criteria of Pods to which the TrafficControl applies to. Pods can be selected cluster-wide using podSelector. If set with a namespaceSelector, all Pods from Namespaces selected by the namespaceSelector will be selected. Specific Pods from specific Namespaces can be selected by providing both a podSelector and a namespaceSelector. Empty appliedTo selects nothing. The field is mandatory.

Direction

The direction field specifies the direction of traffic that should be matched. It can be Ingress, Egress, or Both.

Action

The action field specifies which action should be taken for the traffic. It can be Mirror or Redirect. For the Mirror action, targetPort must be set to the port to which the traffic will be mirrored. For the Redirect action, both targetPort and returnPort need to be specified, the latter of which represents the port from which the traffic could be sent back to OVS and be forwarded to its original destination. Once redirected, a packet should be either dropped or sent back to OVS without modification, otherwise it would lead to undefined behavior.

TargetPort

The targetPort field specifies the port to which the traffic should be redirected or mirrored. There are five kinds of ports that can be used to receive mirrored traffic:

ovsInternal: This specifies an OVS internal port on all Nodes. A Pod's traffic will be redirected or mirrored to the OVS internal port on the same Node that hosts the Pod. The port doesn't need to exist in advance, Antrea will create the port if it doesn't exist. To use an OVS internal port, the name of the port must be provided:

ovsInternal:
  name: tap0

device: This specifies a network device on all Nodes. A Pod's traffic will be redirected or mirrored to the network device on the same Node that hosts the Pod. The network device must exist on all Nodes and Antrea will attach it to the OVS bridge if not already attached. To use a network device, the name of the device must be provided:

device:
  name: eno2

geneve: This specifies a remote destination for a GENEVE tunnel. All selected Pods' traffic will be redirected or mirrored to the destination via a GENEVE tunnel. The remoteIP field must be provided to specify the IP address of the destination. Optionally, the destinationPort field could be used to specify the UDP destination port of the tunnel, or 6081 will be used by default. If Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is desired, the vni field can be specified to an integer in the range 0-16,777,215:

geneve:
  remoteIP: 10.0.10.2
  destinationPort: 6081
  vni: 1

vxlan: This specifies a remote destination for a VXLAN tunnel. All selected Pods' traffic will be redirected or mirrored to the destination via a VXLAN tunnel. The remoteIP field must be provided to specify the IP address of the destination. Optionally, the destinationPort field could be used to specify the UDP destination port of the tunnel, or 4789 will be used by default. If Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is desired, the vni field can be specified to an integer in the range 0-16,777,215:

vxlan:
  remoteIP: 10.0.10.2
  destinationPort: 4789
  vni: 1

gre: This specifies a remote destination for a GRE tunnel. All selected Pods' traffic will be redirected or mirrored to the destination via a GRE tunnel. The remoteIP field must be provided to specify the IP address of the destination. If GRE key is desired, the key field can be specified to an integer in the range 0-4,294,967,295:

gre:
  remoteIP: 10.0.10.2
  key: 1

erspan: This specifies a remote destination for an ERSPAN tunnel. All selected Pods' traffic will be mirrored to the destination via an ERSPAN tunnel. The remoteIP field must be provided to specify the IP address of the destination. If ERSPAN session ID is desired, the sessionID field can be specified to an integer in the range 0-1,023. The version field must be provided to specify the ERSPAN version: 1 for version 1 (type II), or 2 for version 2 (type III).

For version 1, the index field can be specified to associate with the ERSPAN traffic's source port and direction. An example of version 1 might look like this:

erspan:
  remoteIP: 10.0.10.2
  sessionID: 1
  version: 1
  index: 1

For version 2, the dir field can be specified to indicate the mirrored traffic's direction: 0 for ingress traffic, 1 for egress traffic. The hardwareID field can be specified as an unique identifier of an ERSPAN v2 engine. An example of version 2 might look like this:

erspan:
  remoteIP: 10.0.10.2
  sessionID: 1
  version: 2
  dir: 0
  hardwareID: 4

ReturnPort

The returnPort field should only be set when the action is Redirect. It is similar to the targetPort field, but meant for specifying the port from which the traffic will be sent back to OVS and be forwarded to its original destination.

Examples

Mirroring all traffic to remote analyzer

In this example, we will mirror all Pods' traffic and send them to a remote destination via a GENEVE tunnel:

apiVersion: crd.antrea.io/v1alpha2
kind: TrafficControl
metadata:
  name: mirror-all-to-remote
spec:
  appliedTo:
    podSelector: {}
  direction: Both
  action: Mirror
  targetPort:
    geneve:
      remoteIP: 10.0.10.2

Redirecting specific traffic to local receiver

In this example, we will redirect traffic of all Pods in the Namespace prod to OVS internal ports named tap0 configured on Nodes that these Pods run on. The returnPort configuration means, if the traffic is sent back to OVS from OVS internal ports named tap1, it will be forwarded to its original destination. Therefore, if an intrusion prevention system or a network firewall is configured to capture and forward traffic between tap0 and tap1, it can actively scan forwarded network traffic for malicious activities and known attack patterns, and drop the traffic determined to be malicious.

apiVersion: crd.antrea.io/v1alpha2
kind: TrafficControl
metadata:
  name: redirect-prod-to-local
spec:
  appliedTo:
    namespaceSelector:
      matchLabels:
        kubernetes.io/metadata.name: prod
  direction: Both
  action: Redirect
  targetPort:
    ovsInternal:
      name: tap0
  returnPort:
    ovsInternal:
      name: tap1

What's next

With the TrafficControl capability, Antrea can be used with threat detection engines to provide network-based IDS/IPS to Pods. We provide a reference cookbook on how to implement IDS using Suricata. For more information, refer to the cookbook.