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main.tex
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% !TEX program = pdflatexmk
% !TEX parameter = --shell-escape --lualatex
% Compilation of this document requires multiple runs of pdflatex and biber. This is
% best done automaticaly using latexmk. TiKz externalization requires shell-escape to
% be enabled.
% We need to set the minor version of the PDF to 7. This is required for PDF/A
% compliance.
\directlua{pdf.setminorversion(7)}
\begin{filecontents*}[overwrite]{\jobname.xmpdata}
\Title{Search for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with IceCube DeepCore}
\Author{Alexander Trettin}
\Language{en-US}
\Subject{Physics}
\Keywords{neutrino\sep oscillation\sep sterile\sep icecube\sep deepcore}
\end{filecontents*}
\RequirePackage{fix-cm}
\documentclass[
a4paper, % Page size
fontsize=10pt, % Base font size
twoside=true, % Use different layouts for even and odd pages (in particular, if twoside=true, the margin column will be always on the outside)
%open=any, % If twoside=true, uncomment this to force new chapters to start on any page, not only on right (odd) pages
%chapterentrydots=true, % Uncomment to output dots from the chapter name to the page number in the table of contents
numbers=noenddot, % Comment to output dots after chapter numbers; the most common values for this option are: enddot, noenddot and auto (see the KOMAScript documentation for an in-depth explanation)
fontmethod=tex, % Can also use "modern" with XeLaTeX or LuaTex; "tex" is the default for PdfLaTex, and "modern" is the default for those two.
% The fonts for "modern" don't seem to be included in my TeX distribution, are they Windows-only?
pdfa % PDF/A compliant hyperrefs (otherwise missing F flag)
]{kaobook}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% PACKAGES AND OTHER DOCUMENT CONFIGURATIONS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Choose the language
\ifxetexorluatex
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{english}
\else
\usepackage[english]{babel} % Load characters and hyphenation
\fi
\usepackage[english=british]{csquotes} % English quotes
\hyphenation{brems-strahl-ung}
% Load packages for testing
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{pifont}% http://ctan.org/pkg/pifont
\newcommand{\cmark}{\ding{51}}%
\newcommand{\xmark}{\ding{55}}%
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{
separate-uncertainty
}
\usepackage{physics}
% Plots and graphs
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\ifxetexorluatex
% do nothing
\else
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2212}{−}
\fi
\usepgfplotslibrary{groupplots,dateplot}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns,shapes,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\usepgfplotslibrary{fillbetween}
\usepackage[compat=1.1.0]{tikz-feynman}
%\tikzfeynmanset{warn luatex=false}
% global color definitions
\definecolor{black}{RGB}{0,0,0}
\definecolor{orange}{RGB}{230, 159, 0}
\definecolor{skyblue}{RGB}{86, 180, 233}
\definecolor{bluishgreen}{RGB}{0, 158, 115}
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\definecolor{lightgray204}{RGB}{204,204,204}
\tikzstyle{nue_color}=[orange]
\tikzstyle{numu_color}=[bluishgreen]
\tikzstyle{nutau_color}=[skyblue]
% color for any "all NC" plots
\tikzstyle{nc_color}=[reddishpurple]
\tikzstyle{noise_color}=[blue]
\tikzstyle{muon_color}=[vermilion]
% color for all combined nu flavors
\tikzstyle{nu_color}=[bluishgreen]
% plot an error band assuming that a table has been loaded.
% Syntax: \ploterrorband[style]{column_name}{scale_factor}
% The column name and the column "column_name__err" must exist. The
% scale factor scales the entire error band at once.
\newcommand{\ploterrorband}[3][black]{
\addplot[const plot, #1, thick] table [x=bin_edges, y expr=\thisrow{#2} * #3] from \table;
\addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_lo, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges, y expr=(\thisrow{#2}-\thisrow{#2__err}) * #3] from \table;
\addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_hi, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges, y expr=(\thisrow{#2}+\thisrow{#2__err}) * #3] from \table;
\addplot[#1, opacity=0.5, forget plot] fill between[of = err_lo and err_hi];
}
% Plot the ratio beteween two histograms with correct error propagation.
% Syntax: \plotratioerrorband[style]{nominator column}{denominator column}
% If the two columns are "x" and "y", then the ratio is x/y and the error
% on the ratio is:
% sigma = sqrt((x * y__err)^2 + (y * x__err)^2) / y^2
% \newcommand{\plotratioerrorband}[3][black]{
% \addplot[const plot, #1, thick] table [x=bin_edges, y expr=\thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}] from \table;
% \addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_lo, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges,
% y expr=
% \thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}
% -
% sqrt(
% (\thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3__err})^2 + (\thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err})^2
% ) / \thisrow{#3}^2
% ] from \table;
% \addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_hi, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges,
% y expr=
% \thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}
% +
% sqrt(
% (\thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3__err})^2 + (\thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err})^2
% ) / \thisrow{#3}^2
% ] from \table;
% \addplot[#1, opacity=0.5, forget plot] fill between[of = err_lo and err_hi];
% }
% Plot the ratio error band between two histograms, assuming that the denominator is the sum
% of the nominator and some background. This applies to any ratio where the denominator is the total MC
% and the nominator is some component. The difference w.r.t. \plotratioerrorband is that the two
% histograms are *dependent*. This reduces the error in particular for cases where the component
% for which the ratio is plotted also dominantly makes up the total.
% The error calculation is derived by expressing the ratio x / y, where x and y are dependent, as
% f = x / (x + b),
% where now x and b are independent. The variance of b is
% sigma_b^2 = sigma_y^2 - sigma_x^2.
% Applying the error propagation and then replacing b = y - x back into the result we find
% sigma_f = sqrt( (y * sigma_x)^2 + (x * sigma_y)^2 - 2*x*y*sigma_y^2) / y^2
\newcommand{\plotratioerrorband}[3][black]{
\addplot[const plot, #1, thick] table [x=bin_edges, y expr=\thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}] from \table;
\addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_lo, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges,
y expr=
\thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}
-
sqrt(
(\thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3__err})^2 + (\thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err})^2 - (2 * \thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err}^2)
) / \thisrow{#3}^2
] from \table;
\addplot[const plot, #1, thin, name path=err_hi, forget plot] table[x=bin_edges,
y expr=
\thisrow{#2} / \thisrow{#3}
+
sqrt(
(\thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3__err})^2 + (\thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err})^2 - (2 * \thisrow{#2} * \thisrow{#3} * \thisrow{#2__err}^2)
) / \thisrow{#3}^2
] from \table;
\addplot[#1, opacity=0.5, forget plot] fill between[of = err_lo and err_hi];
}
\pgfplotsset{error bar legend/.style={%
/pgfplots/legend image code/.prefix code={%
\pgfkeysgetvalue{/pgfplots/error bars/error mark}{\pgfplotserrorbarsmark}%
\draw[%
/pgfplots/every error bar,
mark=\pgfplotserrorbarsmark,
/pgfplots/error bars/error mark options,
sharp plot,
##1
] plot coordinates {(0.3cm, -0.1cm) (0.3cm, 0.1cm)};%
}
}
}
\newcommand{\ploterrorbar}[2][black]{
\addplot[
mark=*,
mark options={scale=0.5, fill=black},
#1,
only marks,
error bar legend,
error bars/.cd,
x dir=none,
y dir=both,
y explicit
] table [x=bin_midpoints, y=#2, y error=#2__err] from \table;
}
% This package changes the font to serif when compiling with Lualatex (and doesn't)
% work correctly without Lualatex.
%\usepackage{helvet}
\usepackage[eulergreek]{sansmath}
\pgfplotsset{
tick label style = {font=\footnotesize\sansmath\sffamily},
every axis label = {font=\footnotesize\sansmath\sffamily},
% the eulergreek style for math looks oddly different from the
% rest of the document, so we omit \sansmath here
label style = {font=\footnotesize\sffamily},
% global legend style applied to all plots (set per plot to override)
legend style = {
font=\footnotesize\sffamily,
fill opacity=0.8,
draw opacity=1,
text opacity=1,
at={(0.5,0.95)},
anchor=north,
draw=lightgray204,
% hack to get better legend spacing, see
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/18152/how-can-i-adjust-the-horizontal-spacing-between-legend-entries-in-pgfplots
/tikz/every even column/.append style={column sep=0.1cm}
},
legend cell align={left}
}
\tikzstyle{plot annotation}=[
font=\footnotesize\sffamily,
fill opacity=0.8,
draw opacity=1,
text opacity=1,
draw=lightgray204,
fill=white
]
% Load the bibliography package
\usepackage{aas_macros}
\usepackage[giveninits=true]{kaobiblio}
\addbibresource{refs.bib} % Bibliography file
% Colors
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
% Load mathematical packages for theorems and related environments
\usepackage[framed=true]{kaotheorems}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{nicefrac}
\ifdefined\rm
\renewcommand{\rm}{\mathrm}
\else
\newcommand{\rm}{\mathrm}
\fi
% Load the package for hyperreferences
\usepackage{kaorefs}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\graphicspath{{./}{figures/}{tikz/}} % Paths in which to look for images
\makeindex[columns=3, title=Alphabetical Index, intoc] % Make LaTeX produce the files required to compile the index
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\newcommand{\numucc}{$\nu_{\mu,\,\rm CC}$}
% command to simplify writing total differentials
\newcommand{\drm}{\mathrm{d}}
% Make an overbar in parentheses
\newcommand{\pbar}[1]{\overset{\textbf{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont(---)}}{#1}}
% Reset sidenote counter at chapters
%\counterwithin*{sidenote}{chapter}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\roman{footnote}}
% Additional setup to conform to PDF/A standard
\usepackage{colorprofiles}
\usepackage{luatex85}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage[a-2b,mathxmp]{pdfx}[2018/12/22]
\hypersetup{pdfstartview=} % Fix for PDF/A
% For some reason this *must* be placed here, right before the start of the
% document!
% externalization to avoid repeated compilation of pgfplots
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
% Use a sub-directory for these intermediate files. It will look empty in the
% web-interface, but if you compile locally, they will be there.
\tikzexternalize[prefix=tikz/]
% very important: ONLY do this for figures for which we have given a name!
% otherwise, there will be a bunch of tiny unnamed output PDFs and errors.
\tikzset{external/only named=true}
%%%% UN-COMMENT TO FORCE REMAKE ALL TEX FIGURES %%%%
%\tikzset{external/force remake}
\begin{document}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\frontmatter % Denotes the start of the pre-document content, uses roman numerals
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% BOOK INFORMATION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\KOMAoptions{twoside=false}
\begin{titlepage}
\begin{center}
\vspace*{1cm}
\LARGE
\textbf{Search for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with IceCube DeepCore}
\large
\vspace{0.8cm}
\textbf{Dissertation}\\
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades\\
doctor rerum naturalium \\
(Dr. rer. nat.) \\
\vspace{0.5cm}
im Fach: Physik \\
Spezialisierung: Experimentalphysik\\
\vspace{0.5cm}
eingereicht an der \\
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät\\
der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin\\
\vspace{0.5cm}
von\\
\textbf{Alexander Trettin M. Sc}\\
\vspace{0.5cm}
Präsidentin der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin\\
Prof. Dr. Julia von Blumenthal\\
\vspace{0.5cm}
Dekanin der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät\\
Prof. Dr. Caren Tischendorf\\
\vspace{0.5cm}
\begin{tabbing}
\hspace{1cm}Gutachter:innen: \hspace{3.5cm}\= Prof. Dr. Marek Kowalski \\
\> Prof. Dr. Walter Winter \\
\> Prof. Dr. Kathrin Valerius \\
\hspace{1cm}Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: \> 28.07.2023
\end{tabbing}
\end{center}
\newpage
\vspace*{8cm}
\textbf{Copyright Notice}\\
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
To view a copy of this license, visit: \\\url{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/}
\medskip
\textbf{Colophon} \\
This document was typeset with the help of \href{https://sourceforge.net/projects/koma-script/}{\KOMAScript} and \href{https://www.latex-project.org/}{\LaTeX} using the open-source \href{https://github.com/fmarotta/kaobook/}{kaobook} template class.\\
The source code of this thesis is available at:
\\\url{https://github.com/atrettin/PhD-Thesis}
\medskip
\end{titlepage}
\title[Search for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with IceCube DeepCore]{Search for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with IceCube DeepCore}
\author[A. Trettin]{Alexander Trettin}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% DEDICATION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% \dedication{
% A neutrino is not a big thing to be hit by. \\
% In fact it's hard to think of anything much smaller by which one could reasonably hope to be hit. And it's not as if being hit by neutrinos was in itself a particularly unusual event for something the size of the Earth. Far from it. It would be an unusual nanosecond in which the Earth was not hit by several billion passing neutrinos.\\
% \flushright --\textit{The Hitchhiker's Guide to The Galaxy}
% }
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% OUTPUT TITLE PAGE AND PREVIOUS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Note that \maketitle outputs the pages before here
% If twoside=false, \uppertitleback and \lowertitleback are not printed
% To overcome this issue, we set twoside=semi just before printing the title pages, and set it back to false just after the title pages
\KOMAoptions{twoside=semi}
\KOMAoptions{twoside=false}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% PREFACE
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\input{chapters/abstract.tex}
\cleardoubleoddpage
\input{chapters/zusammenfassung.tex}
\cleardoubleoddpage
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% TABLE OF CONTENTS & LIST OF FIGURES/TABLES
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begingroup % Local scope for the following commands
% Define the style for the TOC, LOF, and LOT
%\setstretch{1} % Uncomment to modify line spacing in the ToC
%\hypersetup{linkcolor=olive} % Uncomment to set the colour of links in the ToC
\setlength{\textheight}{230\hscale} % Manually adjust the height of the ToC pages
% Turn on compatibility mode for the etoc package
\etocstandarddisplaystyle % "toc display" as if etoc was not loaded
\etocstandardlines % "toc lines as if etoc was not loaded
\tableofcontents % Output the table of contents
\listoffigures % Output the list of figures
% Comment both of the following lines to have the LOF and the LOT on different pages
%\let\cleardoublepage\bigskip
%\let\clearpage\bigskip
\listoftables % Output the list of tables
%\listoftodos
\endgroup
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% MAIN BODY
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\mainmatter % Denotes the start of the main document content, resets page numbering and uses arabic numbers
\setchapterstyle{kao} % Choose the default chapter heading style
\input{chapters/introduction.tex}
\input{chapters/standard_model.tex}
\input{chapters/oscillation_theory.tex}
\input{chapters/icecube.tex}
\input{chapters/data_sample.tex}
% Measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters
\input{chapters/measurement/three_flavor_analysis.tex}
\input{chapters/measurement/sterile_analysis.tex}
\input{chapters/summary_outlook.tex}
\appendix % From here onwards, chapters are numbered with letters, as is the appendix convention
\pagelayout{wide} % No margins
\addpart{Appendix}
\pagelayout{margin} % Restore margins
% image credits!
\input{chapters/appendix.tex}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\backmatter % Denotes the end of the main document content
\setchapterstyle{plain} % Output plain chapters from this point onwards
%\input{chapters/acknowledgements.tex}
%\input{chapters/image_credits.tex}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% BIBLIOGRAPHY
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% The bibliography needs to be compiled with biber using your LaTeX editor, or on the command line with 'biber main' from the template directory
\defbibnote{bibnote}{Here are the references in citation order.\par\bigskip} % Prepend this text to the bibliography
\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc, title=Bibliography, prenote=bibnote] % Add the bibliography heading to the ToC, set the title of the bibliography and output the bibliography note
\newpage
\includegraphics{declaration_independent_work_no_signature}
\end{document}