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How to Build the Kernel module & userspace daemons for Windows

Autoconf, Automake and Visual C++:

Open vSwitch on Linux uses autoconf and automake for generating Makefiles. It will be useful to maintain the same build system while compiling on Windows too. One approach is to compile Open vSwitch in a MinGW environment that contains autoconf and automake utilities and then use Visual C++ as a compiler and linker.

The following explains the steps in some detail.

This should install mingw at C:\Mingw and msys at C:\Mingw\msys. Add "C:\MinGW\bin" and "C:\Mingw\msys\1.0\bin" to PATH environment variable of Windows.

You can either use the MinGW installer or the command line utility 'mingw-get' to install both the base packages and additional packages like automake and autoconf(version 2.68).

Also make sure that /mingw mount point exists. If its not, please add/create the following entry in /etc/fstab - 'C:/MinGW /mingw'.

  • Install the latest Python 2.x from python.org and verify that its path is part of Windows' PATH environment variable.

  • You will need at least Visual Studio 2013 to compile userspace binaries. In addition to that, if you want to compile the kernel module you will also need to install Windows Driver Kit (WDK) 8.1 Update.

It is important to get the Visual Studio related environment variables and to have the $PATH inside the bash to point to the proper compiler and linker. One easy way to achieve this is to get into the "Developer Command prompt for visual studio" and through it enter into the bash shell available from msys by typing 'bash --login'.

If after the above step, a 'which link' inside MSYS's bash says, "/bin/link.exe", rename /bin/link.exe to something else so that the Visual studio's linker is used. You should also see a 'which sort' report "/bin/sort.exe".

  • For pthread support, install the library, dll and includes of pthreads-win32 project from ftp://sourceware.org/pub/pthreads-win32/prebuilt-dll-2-9-1-release to a directory (e.g.: C:/pthread). You should add the pthread-win32's dll path (e.g.: C:\pthread\dll\x86) to the Windows' PATH environment variable.

  • Get the Open vSwitch sources from either cloning the repo using git or from a distribution tar ball.

  • If you pulled the sources directly from an Open vSwitch Git tree, run boot.sh in the top source directory:

    % ./boot.sh

  • In the top source directory, configure the package by running the configure script. You should provide some configure options to choose the right compiler, linker, libraries, Open vSwitch component installation directories, etc. For example,

    % ./configure CC=./build-aux/cccl LD="which link"
    LIBS="-lws2_32 -liphlpapi" --prefix="C:/openvswitch/usr"
    --localstatedir="C:/openvswitch/var" --sysconfdir="C:/openvswitch/etc"
    --with-pthread="C:/pthread"

    By default, the above enables compiler optimization for fast code. For default compiler optimization, pass the "--with-debug" configure option.

  • Run make for the ported executables in the top source directory, e.g.:

    % make

    For faster compilation, you can pass the '-j' argument to make. For example, to run 4 jobs simultaneously, run 'make -j4'.

    Note: MSYS 1.0.18 has a bug that causes parallel make to hang. You can overcome this by downgrading to MSYS 1.0.17. A simple way to downgrade is to exit all MinGW sessions and then run the command 'mingw-get upgrade msys-core-bin=1.0.17-1' from MSVC developers command prompt.

  • To run all the unit tests in Open vSwitch, one at a time:

    % make check

    To run all the unit tests in Open vSwitch, up to 8 in parallel:

    % make check TESTSUITEFLAGS="-j8"

  • To install all the compiled executables on the local machine, run:

    % make install

    The above command will install the Open vSwitch executables in C:/openvswitch. You can add 'C:\openvswitch\usr\bin' and 'C:\openvswitch\usr\sbin' to Windows' PATH environment variable for easy access.

OpenSSL, Open vSwitch and Visual C++

To get SSL support for Open vSwitch on Windows, do the following:

Note down the directory where OpenSSL is installed (e.g.: C:/OpenSSL-Win32).

  • While configuring the package, specify the OpenSSL directory path. For example,

    % ./configure CC=./build-aux/cccl LD="which link"
    LIBS="-lws2_32 -liphlpapi" --prefix="C:/openvswitch/usr"
    --localstatedir="C:/openvswitch/var" --sysconfdir="C:/openvswitch/etc"
    --with-pthread="C:/pthread" --enable-ssl --with-openssl="C:/OpenSSL-Win32"

  • Run make for the ported executables.

Building the Kernel datapath module

  • We directly use the Visual Studio 2013 IDE to compile the kernel datapath. You can open the extensions.sln file in the IDE and build the solution.

  • The kernel datapath can be compiled from command line as well. The top level 'make' will invoke building the kernel datapath, if the '--with-vstudiotarget' argument is specified while configuring the package. For example,

    % ./configure CC=./build-aux/cccl LD="which link"
    LIBS="-lws2_32 -liphlpapi" --prefix="C:/openvswitch/usr"
    --localstatedir="C:/openvswitch/var" --sysconfdir="C:/openvswitch/etc"
    --with-pthread="C:/pthread" --enable-ssl
    --with-openssl="C:/OpenSSL-Win32" --with-vstudiotarget=""

    Possible values for "" are: "Debug" and "Release"

Installing the Kernel module

Once you have built the solution, you can copy the following files to the target Hyper-V machines.

./datapath-windows/x64/Win8.1Debug/package/ovsext.inf
./datapath-windows/x64/Win8.1Debug/package/OVSExt.sys
./datapath-windows/x64/Win8.1Debug/package/ovsext.cat
./datapath-windows/misc/install.cmd
./datapath-windows/misc/uninstall.cmd

The above path assumes that the kernel module has been built using Windows DDK 8.1 in Debug mode. Change the path appropriately, if a different WDK has been used.

Steps to install the module

01> Run ./uninstall.cmd to remove the old extension.

02> Run ./install.cmd to insert the new one. For this to work you will have to turn on TESTSIGNING boot option or 'Disable Driver Signature Enforcement' during boot. The following commands can be used: % bcdedit /set LOADOPTIONS DISABLE_INTEGRITY_CHECKS % bcdedit /set TESTSIGNING ON % bcdedit /set nointegritychecks ON

Note: you may have to restart the machine for the settings to take effect.

03> In the Virtual Switch Manager configuration you can enable the Open vSwitch Extension on an existing switch or create a new switch. If you are using an existing switch, make sure to enable the "Allow Management OS" option for VXLAN to work (covered later).

The command to create a new switch named 'OVS-Extended-Switch' using a physical NIC named 'Ethernet 1' is: % New-VMSwitch "OVS-Extended-Switch" -AllowManagementOS $true
-NetAdapterName "Ethernet 1"

Note: you can obtain the list of physical NICs on the host using 'Get-NetAdapter' command.

04> In the properties of any switch, you should should now see "Open vSwitch Extension" under 'Extensions'. Click the check box to enable the extension. An alternative way to do the same is to run the following command: % Enable-VMSwitchExtension "Open vSwitch Extension" OVS-Extended-Switch

Note: If you enabled the extension using the command line, a delay of a few seconds has been observed for the change to be reflected in the UI. This is not a bug in Open vSwitch.

Steps to run the user processes & configure ports

The following steps assume that you have installed the Open vSwitch utilities in the local machine via 'make install'.

01> Create the database. % ovsdb-tool create C:\openvswitch\etc\openvswitch\conf.db
C:\openvswitch\usr\share\openvswitch\vswitch.ovsschema

02> Start the ovsdb-server and initialize the database. % ovsdb-server -vfile:info --remote=punix:db.sock --log-file --pidfile
--detach % ovs-vsctl --no-wait init

If you would like to terminate the started ovsdb-server, run:
% ovs-appctl -t ovsdb-server exit

(Note that the logfile is created at C:/openvswitch/var/log/openvswitch/)

03> Start ovs-vswitchd. % ovs-vswitchd -vfile:info --log-file --pidfile --detach

If you would like to terminate the started ovs-vswitchd, run:
% ovs-appctl exit

(Note that the logfile is created at C:/openvswitch/var/log/openvswitch/)

04> Create integration bridge & pif bridge % ovs-vsctl add-br br-int % ovs-vsctl add-br br-pif

NOTE: There's a known bug that running the ovs-vsctl command does not terminate. This is generally solved by having ovs-vswitchd running. If you face the issue despite that, hit Ctrl-C to terminate ovs-vsctl and check the output to see if your command succeeded.

NOTE: There's a known bug that the ports added to OVSDB via ovs-vsctl don't get to the kernel datapath immediately, ie. they don't show up in the output of "ovs-dpctl show" even though they show up in output of "ovs-vsctl show". In order to workaround this issue, restart ovs-vswitchd. (You can terminate ovs-vswitchd by running 'ovs-appctl exit'.)

05> Dump the ports in the kernel datapath % ovs-dpctl show

  • Sample output is as follows:

    % ovs-dpctl show system@ovs-system: lookups: hit:0 missed:0 lost:0 flows: 0 port 2: br-pif (internal) <<< internal port on 'br-pif' bridge port 1: br-int (internal) <<< internal port on 'br-int' bridge

06> Dump the ports in the OVSDB % ovs-vsctl show

  • Sample output is as follows: % ovs-vsctl show a56ec7b5-5b1f-49ec-a795-79f6eb63228b Bridge br-pif Port br-pif Interface br-pif type: internal Bridge br-int Port br-int Interface br-int type: internal

07> Add the physical NIC and the internal port to br-pif.

In OVS for Hyper-V, we use 'external' as a special name to refer to the physical NICs connected to the Hyper-V switch. An index is added to this special name to refer to the particular physical NIC. Eg. 'external.1' refers to the first physical NIC on the Hyper-V switch.

Note: Currently, we assume that the Hyper-V switch on which OVS extension is enabled has a single physical NIC connected to it.

Interal port is the virtual adapter created on the Hyper-V switch using the 'AllowManagementOS' setting. This has already been setup while creating the switch using the instructions above. In OVS for Hyper-V, we use a 'internal' as a special name to refer to that adapter.

% ovs-vsctl add-port br-pif external.1
% ovs-vsctl add-port br-pif internal

  • Dumping the ports should show the additional ports that were just added. Sample output shows up as follows:

    % ovs-dpctl show system@ovs-system: lookups: hit:0 missed:0 lost:0 flows: 0 port 4: internal (internal) <<< 'AllowManagementOS' adapter on Hyper-V switch port 2: br-pif (internal) port 1: br-int (internal port 3: external.1 <<< Physical NIC

    % ovs-vsctl show a56ec7b5-5b1f-49ec-a795-79f6eb63228b Bridge br-pif Port internal Interface internal Port br-pif Interface br-pif type: internal Port "external.1" Interface "external.1" Bridge br-int Port br-int Interface br-int type: internal

08> Add the VIFs to br-int

Adding VIFs to openvswitch is a two step procedure. The first step is to assign a 'OVS port name' which is a unique name across all VIFs on this Hyper-V. The next step is to add the VIF to the ovsdb using its 'OVS port name' as key.

08a> Assign a unique 'OVS port name' to the VIF

Note that the VIF needs to have been disconnected from the Hyper-V switch before assigning a 'OVS port name' to it. In the example below, we assign a 'OVS port name' called 'ovs-port-a' to a VIF on a VM by name 'VM1'. By using index 0 for '$vnic', the first VIF of the VM is being addressed. After assigning the name 'ovs-port-a', the VIF is connected back to the Hyper-V switch with name 'OVS-HV-Switch', which is assumed to be the Hyper-V switch with OVS extension enabled.

Eg:
% import-module .\datapath-windows\misc\OVS.psm1
% $vnic = Get-VMNetworkAdapter <Name of the VM>
% Disconnect-VMNetworkAdapter -VMNetworkAdapter $vnic[0]
% $vnic[0] | Set-VMNetworkAdapterOVSPort -OVSPortName ovs-port-a
% Connect-VMNetworkAdapter -VMNetworkAdapter $vnic[0] \
                           -SwitchName OVS-Extended-Switch

08b> Add the VIFs to br-int in ovsdb

Eg:
% ovs-vsctl add-port br-int ovs-port-a

09> Verify the status % ovs-dpctl show system@ovs-system: lookups: hit:0 missed:0 lost:0 flows: 0 port 4: internal (internal) port 5: ovs-port-a port 2: br-pif (internal) port 1: br-int (internal port 3: external.1

% ovs-vsctl show
4cd86499-74df-48bd-a64d-8d115b12a9f2
    Bridge br-pif
        Port internal
            Interface internal
        Port "external.1"
            Interface "external.1"
        Port br-pif
            Interface br-pif
                type: internal
    Bridge br-int
        Port br-int
            Interface br-int
                type: internal
        Port "ovs-port-a"
            Interface "ovs-port-a"

Steps to configure patch ports and switch VLAN tagging

The Windows Open vSwitch implementation support VLAN tagging in the switch. Switch VLAN tagging along with patch ports between 'br-int' and 'br-pif' is used to configure VLAN tagging functionality between two VMs on different Hyper-Vs. The following examples demonstrate how it can be done:

01> Add a patch port from br-int to br-pif % ovs-vsctl add-port br-int patch-to-pif % ovs-vsctl set interface patch-to-pif type=patch
options:peer=patch-to-int

02> Add a patch port from br-pif to br-int % ovs-vsctl add-port br-pif patch-to-int % ovs-vsctl set interface patch-to-int type=patch
options:peer=patch-to-pif

03> Re-Add the VIF ports with the VLAN tag % ovs-vsctl add-port br-int ovs-port-a tag=900 % ovs-vsctl add-port br-int ovs-port-b tag=900

Steps to add tunnels

The Windows Open vSwitch implementation support VXLAN and STT tunnels. To add tunnels, the following steps serve as examples.

Note that, any patch ports created between br-int and br-pif MUST be beleted prior to adding tunnels.

01> Add the tunnel port between 172.168.201.101 <-> 172.168.201.102 % ovs-vsctl add-port br-int tun-1 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-1 type=port-type % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-1 options:local_ip=172.168.201.101 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-1 options:remote_ip=172.168.201.102 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-1 options:in_key=flow % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-1 options:out_key=flow

02> Add the tunnel port between 172.168.201.101 <-> 172.168.201.105 % ovs-vsctl add-port br-int tun-2 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-2 type=port-type % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-2 options:local_ip=172.168.201.102 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-2 options:remote_ip=172.168.201.105 % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-2 options:in_key=flow % ovs-vsctl set Interface tun-2 options:out_key=flow

Where port-type is the string stt or vxlan

Requirements

  • We require that you don't disable the "Allow management operating system to share this network adapter" under 'Virtual Switch Properties' > 'Connection type: External network', in the HyperV virtual network switch configuration.

  • Checksum Offloads While there is some support for checksum/segmentation offloads in software, this is still a work in progress. Till the support is complete we recommend disabling TX/RX offloads for both the VM's as well as the HyperV.

Windows Services

Open vSwitch daemons come with support to run as a Windows service. The instructions here assume that you have installed the Open vSwitch utilities and daemons via 'make install'. The commands shown here can be run from MSYS bash or Windows command prompt.

  • Create the database.

    % ovsdb-tool create C:/openvswitch/etc/openvswitch/conf.db
    "C:/openvswitch/usr/share/openvswitch/vswitch.ovsschema"

  • Create the ovsdb-server service and start it.

    % sc create ovsdb-server binpath="C:/openvswitch/usr/sbin/ovsdb-server.exe C:/openvswitch/etc/openvswitch/conf.db -vfile:info --log-file --pidfile --remote=punix:db.sock --service --service-monitor"

    One of the common issues with creating a Windows service is with mungled paths. You can make sure that the correct path has been registered with the Windows services manager by running:

    % sc qc ovsdb-server

    Start the service.

    % sc start ovsdb-server

    Check that the service is healthy by running:

    % sc query ovsdb-server

  • Initialize the database.

    % ovs-vsctl --no-wait init

  • Create the ovs-vswitchd service and start it.

    % sc create ovs-vswitchd binpath="C:/openvswitch/usr/sbin/ovs-vswitchd.exe --pidfile -vfile:info --log-file --service --service-monitor"

    % sc start ovs-vswitchd

    Check that the service is healthy by running:

    % sc query ovs-vswitchd

  • To stop and delete the services, run:

    % sc stop ovs-vswitchd % sc stop ovsdb-server % sc delete ovs-vswitchd % sc delete ovsdb-server

Windows autobuild service

AppVeyor (appveyor.com) provides a free Windows autobuild service for opensource projects. Open vSwitch has integration with AppVeyor for continuous build. A developer can build test his changes for Windows by logging into appveyor.com using a github account, creating a new project by linking it to his development repository in github and triggering a new build.

TODO

  • Investigate the working of sFlow on Windows and re-enable the unit tests.

  • Investigate and add the feature to provide QOS.

  • Sign the driver & create an MSI for installing the different OpenvSwitch components on windows.