From 495a13465f11f933c49786f4c0b9d8d14a16702b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nao Nishijima Date: Mon, 10 Jun 2024 16:18:38 +0900 Subject: [PATCH] Initial TAG Env website into Japanese Signed-off-by: Nao Nishijima --- website/config.toml | 7 + website/content/ja/_index.md | 59 +++ website/content/ja/about/_index.md | 10 + website/content/ja/about/projects.md | 19 + website/content/ja/about/working-groups.md | 14 + .../content/ja/blog/2023-05-kccn-wrap-up.md | 88 +++ ...023-09-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md | 54 ++ ...10-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler.md | 34 ++ ...al-impact-with-the-linkerd-service-mesh.md | 54 ++ ...ome-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation.md | 97 ++++ ...y-via-istio-kepler-and-smart-scheduling.md | 72 +++ ...e-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023.md | 67 +++ ...etting-started-as-a-tag-env-contributor.md | 116 ++++ .../2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks.md | 48 ++ ...native sustainability week 2023 wrap up.md | 66 +++ ...stainability-footprint-of-cncf-projects.md | 113 ++++ ...024-is-underway-and-why-you-should-care.md | 77 +++ website/content/ja/blog/_index.md | 9 + website/content/ja/events/2023-Kubecon-na.md | 32 ++ .../2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md | 116 ++++ website/content/ja/events/2023-kubecon-eu.md | 45 ++ website/content/ja/events/2023-oss-na.md | 16 + .../2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md | 67 +++ website/content/ja/events/2024-kubecon-eu.md | 83 +++ website/content/ja/events/_index.md | 9 + website/content/ja/glossary/index.md | 109 ++++ website/content/ja/landscape/index.md | 501 ++++++++++++++++++ website/content/ja/search.md | 6 + 28 files changed, 1988 insertions(+) create mode 100644 website/content/ja/_index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/about/_index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/about/projects.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/about/working-groups.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-05-kccn-wrap-up.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-09-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-reducing-your-environmental-impact-with-the-linkerd-service-mesh.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-the-road-to-scaphandre-v1.0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-towards-optimized-microservices-performance-sustainability-via-istio-kepler-and-smart-scheduling.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-11-getting-started-as-a-tag-env-contributor.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2024-01-31 cloud native sustainability week 2023 wrap up.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2024-03-15-green-reviews-working-group-moving-towards-measuring-the-sustainability-footprint-of-cncf-projects.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/2024-05-30-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2024-is-underway-and-why-you-should-care.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/blog/_index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2023-Kubecon-na.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2023-kubecon-eu.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2023-oss-na.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/2024-kubecon-eu.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/events/_index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/glossary/index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/landscape/index.md create mode 100644 website/content/ja/search.md diff --git a/website/config.toml b/website/config.toml index 1d193512..4607d588 100644 --- a/website/config.toml +++ b/website/config.toml @@ -81,6 +81,13 @@ languageName ="Korean" # Weight used for sorting. weight = 5 contentDir = "content/ko" +[languages.ja] +title = "CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability" +description = "TAG Environmental Sustainabilityは、クラウドネイティブアプリケーションの構築、デプロイ、管理、運用を含むプロジェクトとイニシアチブの実現に焦点を当てています。" +languageName ="日本語" +# Weight used for sorting. +weight = 6 +contentDir = "content/ja" [markup] [markup.goldmark] diff --git a/website/content/ja/_index.md b/website/content/ja/_index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e2c377bc --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/_index.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +title: TAG Environmental Sustainability +toc_hide: true +--- + +
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+ TAG Environmental Sustainabilityは、クラウドネイティブアプリケーションのデリバリに関する構築、パッケージング、デプロイ、管理、運用を含むプロジェクトとイニシアチブをサポートします。 +
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+ Tag Environmental Sustainability logo +
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TAG Environmental Sustainability

+ +このテクニカルアドバイザリーグループの目的は、クラウドネイティブテクノロジーにおける環境の持続可能性イニシアチブの開発やサポート、そして評価するのに役立つ提唱をします。このTAGは、クラウドネイティブツールを通じてサービスプロバイダーが消費量やカーボンフットプリントを削減するための価値と可能なインセンティブを特定します。 + + +TAG Environmental Sustainabilityの最も重要なリンクは、Linktreeページから利用できます。: [cncfenvtag](https://linktr.ee/cncfenvtag). + +- [GitHub レポジトリ](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability) +- [TAG Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/charter.md) +- [イベント](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events/) +- Slack チャンネル: + - [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6) + - [#tag-env-wg-comms](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C068XUD9AEA) + - [#tag-env-wg-green-reviews](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C060EDHN431) + - [Invite yourself to the CNCF Slack](https://slack.cncf.io/) +- ソーシャルメディアアカウント: + - [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/cncf-tag-environmental-sustainability) + - [Twitter/X](https://twitter.com/CNCFEnvTAG) +- [メーリングリスト](https://lists.cncf.io/g/cncf-tag-env-sustainability/topics) +- [サーベイ](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/artifacts/surveys) + +## Meetings + +毎月第1、第3水曜日の16:00 UTC ([convert to your local +time](https://dateful.com/convert/utc?t=16)). + +ミーティングは、[TAG ENVカレンダー](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com&ctz=America%2FChicago)だけでなく、[メインのCNCFカレンダー](https://www.cncf.io/calendar/)にも記載されています。 + +TAG ENVカレンダーのフィードをあなたのカレンダーに追加することで、ワーキンググループミーティングシリーズを追加することができます。 + +以下のURLからTAG ENVカレンダーのフィードをカレンダーにインポートしてください: [TAG ENV カレンダー](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com). Googleカレンダーでの操作方法は以下の通りです: [Googleカレンダーに登録する](https://support.google.com/calendar/answer/37100?hl=en&co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop). この場合、新しいイベントが公開されると、カレンダーは自動的に更新されます。 + +* [アジェンダと議事録](https://bit.ly/cncf-tag-env-meeting-notes) +* [Zoom ミーティング](https://zoom.us/my/cncftagenvsustainability) (パスコード: `77777`) +* [過去のミーティング記録](https://www.youtube.com/@CNCFEnvTAG/playlists) (アップロードは月末にまとめて行う) + +## Leads + +- [Leonard Pahlke](https://github.com/leonardpahlke) (Chair) +- [Marlow Weston](https://github.com/catblade) (Chair) +- [Max Körbächer](https://github.com/mkorbi) (Chair) +- [Kristina Devochko](https://github.com/guidemetothemoon) (TL) +- [Saiyam Pathak ](https://github.com/saiyam1814) (TL) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/website/content/ja/about/_index.md b/website/content/ja/about/_index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..51061588 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/about/_index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: About TAG Environmental Sustainability +linkTitle: About +toc_hide: true +list_pages: true +menu: + main: + weight: 20 +description: Working Groups and Projects maintained by TAG Environmental Sustainability +--- diff --git a/website/content/ja/about/projects.md b/website/content/ja/about/projects.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1e4206db --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/about/projects.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +--- +title: Projects +description: This section provides information about projects that operate under the TAG Environmental Sustainability. +slug: projects +--- + +TAG Environmental Sustainability has projects to collaborate and coordinate efforts towards achieving common goals and objectives, as well as to distribute tasks and responsibilities among its members for efficient execution. Smaller scoped initiatives, which are completed once the deliverables are met, do not require the formation of a working group and instead are formed as a project. +All completed, in progress or cancelled projects are listed here. Details for each project are available on the [repository](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects). + +Following projects operate under the TAG Environmental Sustainability: + + +| **Project Name** | **Tracking Issue** | **Project Leads** | **Status** | **Started** | **Completed** | +|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| [Learning Path Toward Sustainability in Cloud Native](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects/2024-learning-path-sustainability) | [Project Tracking](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/52) | [@mkorbi](https://github.com/mkorbi) | In Progress | February 2024 | tbd | +| [Landscape Rework 2.0](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects/2024-landscape-rework-2) | [Project Tracking](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/302) | [@by-d-sign](https://github.com/by-d-sign), [@catblade](https://github.com/catblade) | In Progress | February 2024 | tbd | +| [Best practices for environmentally sustainable Kubernetes clusters](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects/2024-best-practices-for-sustainable-k8s-clusters) | [Project Tracking](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/347) | [@JacobValdemar](https://github.com/JacobValdemar), [@xamebax](https://github.com/xamebax) | In Progress | March 2024 | tbd | +| [Green Scraper - Tool for automatic event list generation for the TAG ENV website](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects/2024-green-scraper) | [Project Tracking](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/345) | [@guidemetothemoon](https://github.com/guidemetothemoon), [@Al-HusseinHameedJasim](https://github.com/Al-HusseinHameedJasim) | In Progress | April 2024 | tbd | +| [Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/projects/2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2024) | [Project Tracking](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290) | [@nancy-chauhan](https://github.com/nancy-chauhan), [@juliechenadec](https://github.com/juliechenadec), [@ams0](https://github.com/ams0) | In Progress | April 2024 | tbd | diff --git a/website/content/ja/about/working-groups.md b/website/content/ja/about/working-groups.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..81809c7b --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/about/working-groups.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: Working Groups +description: This section provides information about working groups that operate under the TAG Environmental Sustainability. +slug: working-groups +--- + +TAG Environmental Sustainability has working groups and teams to effectively collaborate and coordinate efforts towards achieving common goals and objectives, as well as to distribute tasks and responsibilities among its contributors for efficient execution. This approach allows for a more streamlined and organized approach to managing complex projects within the CNCF ecosystem. You can read more about the intention of working groups and the overall process behind submitting a working group proposal on the Technical Oversight Committee (TOC) GitHub: [CNCF Working Groups](https://github.com/cncf/toc/blob/main/workinggroups/README.md). + +Following working groups operate under the TAG Environmental Sustainability: + +| Name | Scope and Goals | Meeting Time | +|---------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------| +| [Green Reviews](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/green-reviews) | [Green Reviews Working Group Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/green-reviews/charter.md) | [Green Reviews Working Group - Meetings and Contact](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/green-reviews/README.md#meetings-and-contact) | +| [Communications](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/communications)| [Communications Working Group Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/communications/charter.md) | [Communications Working Group - Meetings and Contact](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/working-groups/communications/README.md#meetings-and-contact) | diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-05-kccn-wrap-up.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-05-kccn-wrap-up.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3e722431 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-05-kccn-wrap-up.md @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ +--- +title: Environmental Sustainability at KubeCon / CloudNativeCon EU 2023 +description: KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2023 was the largest open source conference in Europe with 10k+ attendees and had a strong focus on cloud native sustainability. +slug: 2023-wrap-up-kccn-eu +weight: 1 +date: 2023-05-21 10:00:00 +0000 +author: Leonard Pahlke, Kristina Devochko, Niki Manoledaki +--- + +KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2023 was the biggest open source conference in Europe to date with 10000+ in-person and 5000+ virtual attendees, a multitude of companies and a diverse set of talks spread over 20 different tracks. Strong focus on sustainability in software was prominent at KubeCon+CloudNativeCon Europe 2023. It was amazing to see it mentioned on the big stage during multiple keynote and breakout sessions. Important issues like energy consumption, carbon emissions and overall environmental impact of cloud applications and infrastructure were raised in relation to sustainability in tech topics. The cloud-native community is becoming more aware of the issues related to environmental sustainability. The CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG ENV) is here to support, guide, and lead this process with the cloud native community. + +TAG ENV is composed of volunteer open-source contributors who advocate for cloud-native environmental sustainability. For more information about TAG ENV, visit our website [tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io](http://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io) and the GitHub repository [github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability](http://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability). Everything we do in the TAG is open to all and we welcome new contributors. If you are interested in this topic, you are welcome to join one of our public meetings, which occur twice a month, and can be found through [this calendar](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com&ctz=America%2FChicago). Also, make sure to join our [CNCF Slack](https://slack.cncf.io/) channel [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6)! + +Below, we recap the talks about environmental sustainability at the conference and gather voices from the TAG ENV community about the event(s). + +## Environmental Sustainability related talks at KubeCon / CloudNativeCon EU 2023 + +### Kubernetes Scheduling, Scaling and Resource Tuning + +* **Power-Aware Scheduling in Kubernetes** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyWC), [recording](https://youtu.be/Wn0S6CTXGS4)): This talk discusses the lack of power consideration in the Vanilla Kubernetes scheduler, leading to potential power-related issues in data centers. It introduces a new scheduler feature called power-aware scheduling, which enforces power caps and optimizes pod placement to improve workload stability and protect power supply infrastructures in large Kubernetes clusters. This enhanced scheduling strategy is implemented through plugins and can enhance resource utilization, workload reliability, and enable safe scalability of server hardware and data center infrastructure in Kubernetes clusters. +* **GreenCourier: Towards Sustainable Serverless Computing** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyXM), [recording](https://youtu.be/E02sFT5wqEw)): This talk delves into GreenCourier, a solution aimed at reducing carbon emissions in Serverless Computing (Function-as-a-Service) by implementing an intelligent scheduling policy for Kubernetes that considers the carbon-efficiency of geographically interconnected clusters. It also discusses the integration of GreenCourier with Knative and Liqo for establishing geographically distributed Kubernetes multi-cluster topologies. +* **Building a Sustainable, Carbon-Aware Cloud: Scale Workloads and Reduce Emissions** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyPo), [recording](https://youtu.be/s7K7QkhWnFU)): This talk explored the concept of carbon awareness in building sustainable cloud-native applications, focusing on leveraging the KEDA project to achieve proactive scaling and reduce carbon emissions for Kubernetes workloads, without requiring code or workload changes. In addition the talk discusses the benefits of innovation in this area for business scenarios and energy cost management. +* **Evolution of on-Node Adaptive Power Tuning** ([sched](https://sched.co/1Hycj), [recording](https://youtu.be/_SqebJmYteQ)): This talk highlighted the need for more adaptive on-node systems to optimize resource usage and decrease power consumption and cooling costs, presenting a vision of more intelligent and efficient systems through the combination of TuneD and Kubernetes Power manager for adaptive power-tuning models. + +### Introduction to Environmental Sustainability + +* **Accelerate Sustainable Computing with Community Collaboration** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyPf), [recording](https://youtu.be/qRnhAex9aZI)): This talk highlighted the potential of open source collaboration in addressing the climate crisis by exploring how sustainable computing, following the cloud native approach, can drive energy-efficient technology advancements, and emphasizes how important it is to upstream communities in accelerating these efforts. +* **The State of Green Software + Cloud Native** ([sched](https://sched.co/1Hzd3), [recording](https://youtu.be/VCIdFHhp4No)): This session provided updates from the CNCF Environmental Sustainability TAG, discussing the Cloud Native Sustainability landscape, collaborating organizations, the Cloud Native Sustainability maturity model, addressing challenges, offering guidance, and introducing cloud native projects for building a more sustainable tech stack. +* **Be the Change Our Planet Seeks: How YOU Can Contribute to Running Environment-Friendly Workloads on Kubernetes** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyW9), [recording](https://youtu.be/ppe0ptZEcvw)): This talk emphasized the importance of sustainable software engineering and highlighted how developers and platform engineers can utilize Kubernetes in an eco-friendly manner, providing insights, actionable steps, and practical advice on applying sustainable principles to Kubernetes workloads. + +### Company Use case + +* **Minimizing Energy Consumption in Bare Metal K8s Clusters** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HybW), [recording](https://youtu.be/jsBSNCuSI74)): This talk focused on the need to reduce energy consumption in infrastructures like Kubernetes, particularly when running on-premises on bare metal, discussing the various aspects that influence power consumption, steps to reduce overall consumption of Kubernetes clusters, and exploring possibilities throughout the hardware and software stack, sharing experiences, examples, and considerations for implementation. +* **Scale Down Your Environmental Impact** ([sched](https://sched.co/1Hybr), [recording](https://youtu.be/6tmc-2BqV50)): This talk discussed the responsibility of the tech industry to evolve in response to the European climate law's greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. It questioned the scalability of the efficiency and environmental benefits of Kubernetes, especially for smaller companies and individuals, and examined the sustainability perspective of Kubernetes compared to its alternatives. Finally the talk considered the environmental price tag and strategies to minimize impact, while exploring when the Kubernetes adoption journey becomes environmentally productive through visualization of its energy usage scaling across different contributors and enterprises. + +### Observability + +* **Sustainability Through Accountability in a CNCF Ecosystem** ([sched](https://sched.co/1HyYK), [recording](https://youtu.be/QvSCbdOaUn0)): This talk explored the challenges of accounting for carbon footprint and energy consumption in multi-tenant cloud native services and demonstrated how CNCF projects, like Rook, Open-Telemetry and Jaeger, can be combined to estimate per-user energy consumption in a storage system. This talk showcased the potential for building sustainable computing futures within the CNCF ecosystem and inspiring further innovations. + +## We are excited to see where this area is heading + +KubeCon + CloudNativeCon EU 2023 in Amsterdam was a turning point for the emerging issue of cloud native environmental sustainability. Talks ranged from keynote sessions on energy monitoring with eBPF-based Kepler project and carbon-aware scheduling with KEDA to sessions on how environmental sustainability interacts with serverless computing, how to contribute to the ENV TAG community, and how to scale down your workloads to reduce the carbon emissions of your operations. We invite you to watch the recordings of these talks and continue the conversation with us in TAG ENV! + +Open source contributors from different parts of the cloud native ecosystem are creating technical solutions to reduce the impact of cloud computing on climate change. Through various initiatives, TAG ENV aims to support and amplify these projects and the community of open source contributors who aim to make a positive impact for our planet. At KubeCon + CloudNativeCon, folks from TAG ENV organized a project meeting and did a talk on the TAG’s activities to raise awareness about the importance of growing the community of like-minded people who can collaborate on establishing common patterns and best practices for environmental sustainability in the cloud native space. In our meetings, we discuss ways to raise awareness through various forms of outreach (blog posts, events, best practice documentation), creating a maturity model for cloud native environmental sustainability, demonstrating tools, etc. Ultimately, we strive to make environmental sustainability a core consideration when designing and deploying cloud native software. In the following sections, community members share their impressions of the conference. + +## An exciting experience + + + +> [eduardoriveror](http://github.com/eduardoriveror): Cloud metrics on energy consumption and how to visualize them. + +> [guidemetothemoon](http://github.com/guidemetothemoon): I was very excited to join TAG Environmental Sustainability project meeting to meet other like-minded community members and participate in good discussions on how we can collaborate further on spreading awareness around the topic in cloud native space. I was also happy to see sustainability being mentioned in the keynote + watching the sessions related to reducing energy consumption of the servers. I was excited for all the sessions that were related to sustainability basically :). + +> [nikimanoledaki](http://github.com/nikimanoledaki): There is a surge in momentum around the topic of cloud-native environmental sustainability thanks to KubeCon + CloudNativeCon EU 2023 in Amsterdam, which coincidentally happened during Earth week. There were multiple keynotes, talks, and feature announcements about this important topic. It is also very exciting that the CNCF Environmental Sustainability TAG itself is growing as a community: we held the first official project meeting, the room for the TAG talk was full, and we welcomed many newcomers in our first post-KubeCon TAG meeting! I highly encourage folks to go through the list of talks at KCCN EU 2023 listed on the ENV TAG website now that uploads are available. + +> [david-m-m](http://github.com/david-m-m): It became obvious that sustainability becomes a trending topic which will gain even more traction in the coming years. Very nice to see that many groups are working on sustainability from different angles. + +> [AntonioDiTuri](http://github.com/AntonioDiTuri): It was my first Kubecon, my expectations were high but being there in Amsterdam was something else. I was very excited when, during the keynotes the carbon-aware KEDA Operator was presented. During my master thesis my professor and I were working to engineer a green layer for k8s. At that time I barely knew what k8s was and my cloud native career was about to begin. In 2019 we had some good intuitions, and after 4 years I could see those intuitions becoming reality in a project maintained by Azure. I remember I was very frustrated because I had to learn a lot of material on my own, I felt like I was alone in my quest. If only my teacher would have been connected to the community my effort could have been much more helpful to other members and to the planet. In those years I always thought about how I could take some sustainable actions in my field of expertise. Later when I heard about the TAG I had fire in my heart and I thought: “no more excuses, this is the right time to get started” + +## The hallway track + +The hallway track is an unofficial track at KubeCon that describes the conversations and discussions held before and after talks, usually in the hallway on the way to or from another talk. + +> [eduardoriveror](http://github.com/eduardoriveror): Kepler and KEDA, better usage of cloud resources and power consumption. + +> [guidemetothemoon](http://github.com/guidemetothemoon): I had great discussions related to the talk that I presented regarding sustainability in Kubernetes - discussions were with people who weren't thinking about this topic at all in context of cloud native and Kubernetes specifically. Also enjoyed some of the discussions during the TAG project meeting regarding measurement PUE of what is power vs. energy - seeing those heated discussions was really great because it was clear that all of us who were participating were very engaged in the topic. + +> [nikimanoledaki](http://github.com/nikimanoledaki): There is a growing interest from cloud users to be able to report, monitor, and reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions with cloud-native tooling. The tools and techniques available for this are at various stages. A large number of the talks on cloud-native environmental sustainability focus on these use cases and the challenges and solutions available today. For example, there is a lot of interest in KEDA's carbon-aware scheduler, reporting Scope 1/2/3 emissions with carbon dashboards, the Green Software Foundation's Carbon Software Intensity (SCI) index, tools such as Kepler and Scaphandre for energy monitoring, optimisations through green cloud patterns (GreenOps!) and new technologies such as WebAssembly, and leveraging FinOps techniques, to name just a few. + +> [david-m-m](http://github.com/david-m-m): Most interesting were topics around measuring and improving energy consumption / carbon footprint. Focus definitely on actual implementations. + +> [AntonioDiTuri](http://github.com/AntonioDiTuri): Unluckily I came to know about the sustainability area too late during the Kubecon. I only managed to talk to a member of the sustainability TAG on the last day cause I noted down the name during the keynotes. I am trying to catch up now. + +## Upcoming Collaborations + +> [eduardoriveror](http://github.com/eduardoriveror): I would like to collaborate spreading the word of the TAG via meetups, talks but also preparing technical demos on how to better use resources in Kubernetes and to visualize this in Grafana dashboards. + +> [guidemetothemoon](http://github.com/guidemetothemoon): I'm looking forward to creating content on the topic in the form of blog posts and speaking engagements. I'd love to contribute to content creation as part of TAG as well. Another area I will be looking into is testing out the cloud native tools for sustainability and creating guides and recommendations on how to adopt, integrate and use those tools so that it can make it easier for others to understand what the value of the tools is (on concrete examples) and how to get started. + +> [nikimanoledaki](http://github.com/nikimanoledaki): I'm excited for the Environmental Sustainability chapter in the GitOps WG where we have been looking at energy benchmark tests for tools such as Flux and ArgoCD using eBPF-based Kepler! There is a lot of interest in applying these technical solutions for GreenOps and exchanging lessons learned. The Environmental Sustainability TAG is a wonderful open-source community and forum for these conversations. + +> [david-m-m](http://github.com/david-m-m): Figuring out smart metrics for sustainability and relating them to strategies for optimizations. + +> [AntonioDiTuri](http://github.com/AntonioDiTuri): I would like to join a strong tech community thriving for excellence. I would like to help build a good code base that could help other people and increase the awareness around the sustainability area. I would love to do something practical and achieve in the long term significant results in terms of carbon reduction on the work we daily do. + +## Join TAG ENV + +If you are interested in joining the CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability, check out our [repository](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability) (have a look through the [issues](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues)!), join our [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6) Slack channel on the [CNCF server](https://slack.cncf.io/). Do join our meetings - these are open to all, take place twice a month, and can be found in [this calendar](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com&ctz=America%2FChicago). diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-09-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-09-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5fb183e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-09-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 +description: Cloud Native Sustainability Week, organized by the CNCF community, is a global event in the second week of October focused on environmental sustainability in the cloud native space, featuring a global virtual event and 26 local meetups across 19 countries and 5 continents. +slug: 2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week +weight: 1 +date: 2023-09-06 10:00:00 +0000 +author: Leonard Pahlke, Kristina Devochko +--- + +

Banner image for CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023

+ +The CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) is excited to announce the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 and YOU are invited! + +Cloud Native Sustainability Week is a global event organized by the CNCF community that will take place during the second week of October (week 41). During the week, the community will come together to engage and discuss the emerging topic of environmental sustainability in the cloud native industry and open source space. In addition to the global virtual event organized by the CNCF TAG ENV, there will be 26 local meetups happening across 19 countries and 5 continents. Below is a visual representation of all local meetups scheduled at the time of this writing. If you would like to speak at any of the meetups, please submit your talk proposal here: . + +You can find an overview of all the local meetups, including event links and organizer information here (please note that not all details are yet finalized, and the table is being updated continuously): + +

Picture 1: A visual representation of all the Cloud Native Sustainability Week local meetups displayed on a map

+ +The picture above is a visual representation of all the Cloud Native Sustainability Week local meetups. A lot of collaborative community effort is being put into making Cloud Native Sustainability Week a truly global event! + +## Cloud Native Sustainability Week Mission + +The primary goal of Cloud Native Sustainability Week is to engage with the community and the wider IT industry to enhance awareness and knowledge sharing around the dynamically evolving and critical topic of cloud native sustainability. The event will place emphasis on the significance of the TAG ENV and provide guidance on how participants can actively engage with its ongoing projects and initiatives. TAG ENV believes that this collaborative approach will help enable attendees to contribute to the future development of cloud native sustainability domain and the TAG ENV itself. + +Apart from that, the Cloud Native Sustainability Week aims to identify knowledge gaps within the domain of cloud native environmental sustainability where further exploration and knowledge sharing is needed. By bringing together cloud native and open source enthusiasts and professionals, TAG ENV aims to encourage them to actively engage in the development and enhancement of existing projects and tools related to the cloud native sustainability. Together, the cloud native community can drive innovation and future progress in this field. + +TAG ENV is looking forward to sparking meaningful discussions and inspiring each other with the actions that can be taken towards a more sustainable future of the cloud native ecosystem! + +## Why should YOU join Cloud Native Sustainability Week? + +As the world faces increasing environmental challenges, it's crucial for the technology industry to address its impact. The event brings together a diverse community of like-minded individuals who are passionate about cloud native technologies and sustainability. + +By joining the CNCF Global Week of Cloud Native Sustainability, you have the opportunity to contribute to a global effort that promotes environmental sustainability in the cloud native industry. You will have the chance to network, share knowledge, inspire and be inspired together with other passionate and motivated professionals. By supporting this initiative, you get to be a part of the global movement that is making a positive impact on the planet and strives for making long-lasting changes in the space of cloud native sustainability. + +We are stronger together! + +## About CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability + +The CNCF Technical Advisory Group Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) is a community group which focuses on the cloud native sustainability domain, specifically when it comes to establishing respective best practices and standards as well as promoting sustainability awareness via other related initiatives. TAG ENV's primary objective is to advocate for, develop, support, and evaluate environmental sustainability initiatives within cloud native technologies. + +TAG ENV aims to identify approaches for service providers to minimize their resource consumption and carbon footprint using cloud native tools. TAG ENV collaborates with the open source community to establish sustainability criteria for the cloud native landscape, support and endorse open source projects for tracking and reducing their carbon emissions, and promote optimized cloud native infrastructure as one of the means to address environmental challenges in the IT industry. + +TAG ENV strives to increase awareness of environmental sustainability within open source development and actively supports projects that foster an understanding of energy and resource efficiency. The TAG’s aim is to positively impact the community by fostering a sustainability-focused mindset, improving resource efficiency, and placing environmental sustainability at the forefront of everyone's agenda. + +You can learn more about the CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability on their website: + +## Want to know more? + +If you're interested in learning more about Cloud Native Sustainability Week, exploring both global and local meetups that are being planned, and discovering how you can participate in this event, please visit the dedicated page on the CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) website: + +**Interested in speaking at one of the Cloud Native Sustainability Week meetups?** Call for Papers is still open! Please submit your session by following this link: + +The CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability is excited to see you at Cloud Native Sustainability Week! diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f6246c5e --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +--- +title: Embracing Edge Computing with Kepler - A Dive into Remote Monitoring, Centralized Dashboarding, and Visualization +description: Kepler enables remote monitoring, centralized dashboarding, and visualization of energy consumption, revolutionizing energy observability at edge. +slug: 2023-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler +weight: 1 +date: 2023-10-11 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Parul Singh +--- + +*Community guest post as part of the [cloud native sustainability week](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/)* + +In the ever-evolving landscape of technology, edge computing has emerged as a game-changer, enabling real-time data processing closer to the data source. Kepler, with its integration with OpenTelemetry (OTEL), has paved the way for exploring remote monitoring and centralized dashboard options at the edge. This revolutionary approach offers invaluable insights into equipment and workload power consumption, making it a pivotal shift in the realm of energy observability. + +## Remote Monitoring Revolutionized + +Kepler metrics provide comprehensive insights into power consumption, empowering users with detailed analytics. The migration from Prometheus to OTLP exporter streamlines the process by eliminating the heavy Prometheus-based monitoring stack. Kepler’s OTLP exporters which are operational on edge devices, facilitate centralized metric collection and usher in a new era of efficient power and energy monitoring. + +## The Power of Centralizing Dashboards + +Centralizing dashboards is a cornerstone of this paradigm shift. With edge devices operational in various locations, having a centralized dashboard becomes indispensable. It offers a unified view of all the monitored parameters, ensuring seamless monitoring and identifying major power consuming workloads and/or devices. Centralizing dashboards ensures that insights into equipment and workload power consumption are readily accessible, enabling timely decision-making and proactive issue resolution. + +## The Power of OpenTelemetry + +Embracing OpenTelemetry isn't just a trend; it's a necessity. This open standard for observability ensures vendor-neutral instrumentation, collection, and export of telemetry data. OpenTelemetry's flexibility, consistency, and growing ecosystem, coupled with support from major observability vendors, position it as the go-to choice for modern applications. + +

Illustration of how Kepler integrates with OpenTelemetry components

+ +## Kepler’s Architectural Brilliance + +Kepler’s architecture captures pod/container/processes level metrics efficiently. The OTEL collector acts as the intermediary, processing and routing data to destinations. Leveraging Prometheus as a backend, coupled with Grafana's prowess, transforms raw data into meaningful visualizations. This synergy offers a seamless experience, enabling users to comprehend complex data effortlessly. + +In conclusion, Kepler together with OpenTelemetry and its focus on edge computing mark a significant leap in the power monitoring landscape. Follow [link](https://github.com/husky-parul/otel-observability) for the deployment steps. Stay tuned for more updates on [Kepler OTEL SDK instrumentation](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler/issues/659). + +Reference: [Hybrid Cloud Patterns](https://hybrid-cloud-patterns.io/learn/about/) diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-reducing-your-environmental-impact-with-the-linkerd-service-mesh.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-reducing-your-environmental-impact-with-the-linkerd-service-mesh.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..64d41cee --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-reducing-your-environmental-impact-with-the-linkerd-service-mesh.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: Reducing your environmental impact with the Linkerd service mesh +description: Linkerd has always focused on having the smallest possible resource footprint. That makes it not only the most efficient and cost-effective service mesh on the market but also the most sustainable one. That's because Linkerd helps minimize emissions on various levels. +slug: 2023-reducing-env-impact-with-linkerd +weight: 1 +date: 2023-10-10 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Catherine Paganini +--- +*Guest post as part of the [cloud native sustainability week](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/)* + +In the complex world of service meshes, Linkerd is known for its simplicity. But Linkerd has also focused on having the smallest possible resource footprint since its inception. That makes it not only the most efficient and cost-effective service mesh on the market but also the most sustainable one. In fact, due to its intelligent load balancing, adding Linkerd to your stack can actually reduce the overall resource footprint of your system as a whole. Too good to be true? It sounds like it, but it actually pans out. + +## Resource consumption, a great proxy for environmental impact + +Sustainability is, unfortunately, still an afterthought when it comes to computer systems. That's why we are thrilled to see the TAG for Environmental Sustainability shining a light on this important topic and pushing for change. This lack of focus also means that we don't yet have a really precise way of measuring the environmental impact of our systems. However, there is a good proxy for it: resource consumption. Generally speaking, the more resources your system consumes, the higher the environmental impact. + +## Linkerd's Rust-based micro-proxy + +Almost every service mesh other than Linkerd uses the Envoy proxy — a powerful proxy that can do much more than a service mesh needs. While Envoy is a great project, using a big general-purpose proxy for a very narrow use case, like the service mesh, is very inefficient. + +Linkerd took a different approach. It is the only service mesh with a [purpose-built micro-proxy written in Rust](https://linkerd.io/2020/12/03/why-linkerd-doesnt-use-envoy/). It was designed specifically for service mesh use cases, and because the range of features needed is very specific, the Linkerd proxy is the smallest and most resource-efficient service mesh proxy. It uses only a [tenth of the resources (CPU and memory) that Envoy does](https://linkerd.io/2021/11/29/linkerd-vs-istio-benchmarks-2021/index.html). (While "sidecar-less" service meshes exist, they work by deploying larger, per-host proxies and come with significant security and operational caveats — see our writeup on [eBPF, sidecars, and the future of the service mesh](https://buoyant.io/blog/ebpf-sidecars-and-the-future-of-the-service-mesh)). + +## Additional software = bigger resource footprint? Not necessarily + +Each additional piece of software translates into consuming more system resources, right? In theory, yes, but if it helps you run your system more efficiently, you may actually decrease your footprint. + +The environmental impact of adding features such as zero-config and in-transit encryption (mTLS), as provided by Linkerd, is not zero — no software is. Whether you think that environmental (and financial) cost is viable or reasonable is a different discussion. You might be surprised to hear that Linkerd can minimize your impact even when compared to no service mesh. This efficiency gain is thanks to Linkerd's intelligent load balancing. Let's take a step back and examine how Kubernetes works first. + +## Distributing work improves with Linkerd over Native Kubernetes + +Kubernetes allows us to more densely pack processes on computers. Servers have a certain capacity to do work, but there is always a gap between how much work they *can* do and how much the system asks them to do. Kubernetes schedules work more efficiently on existing servers (bin packing), allowing us to run more stuff on the same hardware — a big win! + +Linkerd improves those efficiency gains even further by taking a different approach to endpoint selection. While Kubernetes balances its load based on connections, Linkerd instead does it based on requests. As a result, Linkerd saves you significant compute resources. Let's break that down. + +In the old world, applications would make one connection, send a request, get an answer, and close that connection — not very efficient when you have hundreds or thousands of requests per minute. Today, HTTP/2 and gRPC make a connection once and send multiple requests to avoid this inefficiency. + +Kubernetes doesn't handle that out-of-the-box, though. Natively, Kubernetes simply directs the entire connection to a Pod and doesn't worry about how many requests are coming down the connection. This can be problematic: if you're running 10 Pods for a particular workload, and 50 requests come down a single connection, Kubernetes will send all 50 to the same single Pod. In the best case, the other nine Pods just sit idle; in the worst case, the one Pod doing all the work wasn't sized for this peak load and crashes. + +This inefficiency happens because Kubernetes wasn't designed to look inside the connection and decipher each request – doing so requires a lot of knowledge of what exact protocol is being spoken, and is far out of scope for Kubernetes itself. As Kelsey Hightower famously said, "[Kubernetes is a platform for building platforms](https://twitter.com/kelseyhightower/status/935252923721793536)" – Kubernetes never intended to solve that particular problem since other projects could. + +## Minimizing unusable resources + +Imagine you want to fill up a box with rocks. The smaller the rocks, the less wasted space (air gaps between rocks). The same applies to Pods: sizing by peak demand tends to leave much larger amounts of unused capacity, requiring more Pods and costing you money. Allowing sizing of Pods by average demand instead of peak demand leverages more of your existing resources by not forcing you to reserve unused capacity, improving your horizontal scalability by allowing you to run more smaller Pods during peak loads. + + +This means that under load, Linkerd can distribute traffic across Pods much more effectively since it *does* the work to understand the protocol and load-balances individual requests. This allows you to assign fewer compute resources to each Pod because you know the load will be equally distributed, and you, therefore, don't have to dedicate huge amounts of resources to the possibility of huge spikes. For example, Entain Australia, a sports betting company, wrote a great [CNCF case study on how Linkerd helped them significantly reduce latency and cost](https://www.cncf.io/case-studies/entain/) thanks to intelligent load balancing. + +This approach is not only more resource-efficient and environmentally friendly, requests are also processed faster because they aren't stuck in an overloaded pod queue. And since Linkerd is deliberately trying to choose low-latency Pods, the overall user experience can be better since overall latency is reduced. + +## Simplicity = sustainability + +As we've seen, Linkerd can help you minimize your resource footprint in various ways. First, its small Rust micro-proxy makes it ten times more resource-efficient than Envoy-based alternatives (basically every other service mesh). Thanks to its intelligent load balancing, you can improve overall resource usage compared to using no service mesh. While the Linkerd team didn't set out to build the most sustainable service mesh on the market, our[focus on simplicity and resource efficiency](https://linkerd.io/design-principles/) made it so. Sustainability is certainly an important area that is finally getting more attention. We are proud that our design principles align well with the TAG for Environmental Sustainability's mission — even if it was more accidental than planned. + +*Thanks to Jason Morgan and Flynn for walking me through everything. I learned a lot and hope readers will, too.* diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-the-road-to-scaphandre-v1.0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-the-road-to-scaphandre-v1.0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c8da5f40 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-the-road-to-scaphandre-v1.0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +--- +title: The road to Scaphandre v1.0 - Challenges and improvements to come on IT energy consumption evaluation +description: This blog post is about sharing what thoughts and insights we got during developing Scaphandre with our contributors, discussing with researchers and IT practitioners, regarding ways currently available to evaluate an IT server energy consumption and the limits of each. From this we try to picture some of the challenges ahead and leads we identify to work with them. +slug: 2023-the-road-to-scaphandre-v1-0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-IT-energy-consumption-evaluation +weight: 1 +date: 2023-10-13 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Benoit Petit +--- + +*Community guest post as part of the [cloud native sustainability week](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week)* + +This blog post is about sharing what thoughts and insights we got during developing [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre/) with our contributors, discussing with researchers and IT practitioners, regarding ways currently available to evaluate an IT server energy consumption and the limits of each. From this we try to picture some of the challenges ahead and leads we identify to work with them. + +## State of IT server energy consumption evaluation + +### What’s final energy consumption’s share in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) environmental impacts? + +First things first, this blog post should not to be interpreted as any solution of any kind. There is no solution regarding what’s happening to us, not in the terms we usually use and think of. [6 of the 9 planetary boundaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_boundaries) are passed, which basically means we have at least 6 reasons to think that current mankind’s activity on the planet has the potential to make human’s livability on earth uncertain. These 6 reasons are our impacts on: climate change, [ocean acidification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_acidification), [biogeochemical](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeochemical_cycle) flows in the[nitrogen (N) cycle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_cycle) and[phosphorus (P) cycle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus_cycle), global freshwater use, land system change, the erosion of biosphere integrity, and [chemical pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution). + + +What is the weight of ICT in those impacts? Regarding greenhouse gasses emissions leading to climate change, it’s said to weigh between [2,1 and 3,9% of global emissions in 2020](https://www.cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899%2821%2900188-4). What’s most important is the trend, as projections to 2025 spoke about 6 to 8% of global emissions. Moreover, IT contributes to the pressure on natural resources, especially abiotic/mining resources (which is linked to chemical pollution), fresh water use, etc. Usage phase and associated final energy consumption might be the most important part of the carbon footprint of a server or a network equipment, if the carbon intensity of the electricity consumed is high. However, this is not true for end user devices or even a server that would run on a low carbon electricity grid. In those contexts, manufacturing represents most of the impact (you could play with [Datavizta’s charts](https://datavizta.boavizta.org/manufacturerdata?lifetime=5®ion=belgium&subcategory=Server) to get an idea). This being said, we are only speaking here about direct environmental impacts, or “first-order effect”,[“second” and “third” order effects](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-09228-7_1) are a complex story that are probably the hidden, biggest part, of the iceberg. + +With this introduction, better measurements of IT energy consumption is no solution, only a part of necessary research to improve our understanding of the pressure IT has on electricity grids and find insights on how to reduce it. It is far from being the only thing to do in IT. Electricity (final energy) consumption in the usage phase of ICT is not only a matter of direct environmental impacts, but also of pressure put on electricity grids in times we need to move fossil-fuel based usages to electricity-based usages. + +### A bit of history, measuring the energy consumption of IT resources + +For years, the only way to measure the energy used by an IT server was to plug it in a wattmeter, thus having a physical device dedicated to get the power of the machine. Things got a bit better in 1998 and the appearance of [IPMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_Platform_Management_Interface) as we got a way to evaluate the energy consumed by the machine from a web interface or an API. [SmartPDUs](https://www.vertiv.com/en-emea/about/news-and-insights/articles/educational-articles/what-is-a-smart-pdu/) were a nice improvement as well, as it permitted them to get those metrics in monitoring tools, time series databases and reporting dashboards. + +Those 2 ways share a common issue, we only get the global consumption of a machine. How to decide what actions to take to reduce the power used, beyond hardware changes, UEFI/BIOS configuration and firmware updates? How to get metrics from the infrastructures that would be useful to product and development teams and, moreover, everyone who is not working in the datacenter? Another question we might ask would be : how do we know the share of each component on the machine’s power? Here comes software-based power evaluation. + +### Means and realms of evaluation + +Let’s start with a visual overview of the different ways to evaluate a machine’s components energy consumption and the realm they cover. + +

A map of ways to evaluate energy consumption of a server and its componentsA map of ways to evaluate energy consumption of a server and its components

+ +It’s important to distinguish the metrics coming from low-level sensors provided by hardware manufacturers, or coming from a measurement dedicated device like a wattmeter/smartPDU. We will call those metrics “bottom-up” or “primary”. The metrics that are actually generated through a model. To be clear, a model means a formula or an algorithm that will speculate on the actual metrics based on some primary information it has access to. We will call those metrics “estimations” or “models”. Some high-level/userland tools provide both “primary” and “estimation” metrics. + +To evaluate the energy consumed by a **full server**, you might either use **a model**, or a **physical wattmeter/SmartPDU**. A model’s accuracy will depend on many parameters, as you have guessed, this is in the realm of pure estimation. A physical wattmeter, or a SmartPDU, will be (most probably) very accurate providing the whole machine power. It will also be great for evaluating the global energy consumption of a whole IT room or rack, maybe of a group of machines working for the same service, but it won’t be actionable to identify what components, applications or processes are responsible for the major part of this consumption, or to isolate the consumption of a given service differentiated from the other services running on the machines. + +Another way to evaluate the energy consumed by a whole machine, on middle-end to high-end servers, are IPMI/[DCMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Center_Manageability_Interface) compatible administration cards (they are called IDRAC at Dell or ILO at HPE for example). Those cards make metrics available on the network, either through a Web user interface, an HTTP API, and sometimes through a CLI tool accessible from the Host’s operating system. Depending on the implementation, you might have enough detail to know if the DC supply loss is accounted for in the “total” power measured. I couldn’t personally find or build a review of the different vendors' administration cards power evaluation methods. It seems they are all based on primary data at a first look, but more tests seem to indicate this is not the case for all vendors... + +Going deeper to get per-components power will feel a bit trickier. CPUs of x86 (x86_64) architectures, from Intel and AMD, built after 2012 (later for AMD), will most probably provide a feature called RAPL, for Running Average Power Limit. This feature enables softwares from the userland to set power limits on the CPU, the RAM and the integrated/packaged GPU. As it enables power capping, it enables power monitoring, for those components. We will see in the dedicated section that this is true for the “historic” version of RAPL and the realm it covers will vary with newer CPUs, in the dedicated session “a RAPL survival guide”. + +ARM CPU’s don’t provide a feature like RAPL, until recently. I’ve read documentation that seem to indicate very recent ARM boards to have something similar, but couldn't test this theory yet. Nvidia GPUs power can be measured with [nvidia SMI](https://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-system-management-interface). At the time of writing, I’m not aware of the equivalent feature for AMD GPUs (but if you do, please contact me !). + +## Software evaluation biases and improvements to come + +While software evaluation tools are a great addition to the conscious IT practitioner toolbox, none of them is a perfect solution that covers all use cases. A combined approach is certainly necessary to have both a complete and a precise view of an infrastructure power usage. + +### Powercap is nice, no equivalent on windows ? + +Having access to the right sensor is necessary, but not enough. We have experienced that, building Windows support in Scaphandre. On GNU/Linux, having access to RAPL metrics from userland is easy, thanks to the Powercap framework and kernel module. Interesting metrics are available in the /sys/class/powercap folder, one folder per CPU socket (physical CPU package) containing the energy consumed by PKG, another per RAPL Domain (Core, Uncore, or Dram) for each socket. In the case of PSYS and MMIO domains, they have a dedicated folder. Everything is a file, the Unix way, so everything is simple. + +In the Windows world, each solution we have found that reads RAPL metrics (Intel Power Gadget and CPU-Z) have their own drivers. It’s needed to have a driver in kernel mode (which powercap and sysfs abstract us from, in the Linux world), as the __readmsr instruction is in kernel mode, so we wrote [one](https://github.com/hubblo-org/windows-rapl-driver/). For the record, MSR stands for Model Specific Register, those are the CPU registers storing RAPL metrics. + +Once you get metrics from the driver, you also need to ensure you query those metrics for the right CPU-socket, cpu core-pinning is required if you want to address bi-socket or quad-socket machines. + +

Comparison between GNU/Linux and Windows implementations of Scaphandre

+ +*Comparison between GNU/Linux and Windows implementations of [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre/)* + +### A RAPL survival guide + +As it is an interface used by many power evaluation pieces of software, RAPL became famous in some IT and ESG circles. It seems to me that it is still sometimes misunderstood. The accuracy of RAPL and the perimeter it covers are two different topics. + +According to my review of the literature, RAPL **is accurate**, starting from it’s **second generation** (post-Broadwell), but it is **not** covering a **complete** perimeter. As you have seen in the schema, “Package”, or “Pkg”, only includes the CPU (Core), the Ram (DRAM) and integrated GPU (Uncore) power. Comparing Pkg to an IPMI/DCMI-based or a SmartPDU-based evaluation will be likely disappointing if you look at energy consumed on a decent time-period. They are supposed to be closer as you look for times where the CPU is most active, and more different as the machine is close to idle. + +RAPL gets a bit more **complete** regarding power measurements coming from its PSYS (or “Platform”) domain, which is available on post-Skylake CPUs and provides the whole motherboard or System On Chip (and connected components) power, according to the documentation. We are still experimenting with those metrics as it will be implemented in [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre/) 1.0. Part of our future work is to document its behavior better, depending on the hardware available on the board. + +As PSYS concerns pretty recent machines, this is not likely to be a perfect solution for a full infrastructure. In addition, please keep in mind that, despite usual sayings, it is usually **not** a sustainable strategy to replace existing IT servers by new ones. While newer machines could be more power-efficient, the impact of their manufacturing (regarding, GHG emissions, Abiotic Resources Depletion, …) certainly hinders the expected impact “savings” (this is debatable depending on the context, exact hardware configuration and service location). In this regard, realizing that new machines have better measurement capacities could tempt one to have a more modern infrastructure, I strongly encourage you to **not** do such a thing. + +What about the MMIO domain ? This seems to be related to memory input and output activity. We are experimenting with it these days, will make it available (as a specific label) in [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre/) 1.0 and hope to document it better in a near future. + +In addition, you might also discover that depending on the userland tool you rely on to get those metrics, the way those metrics are provided may change. There is also a lot to say here, but that should be the topic of another blog post on [hubblo.org](https://hubblo.org/blog). For Scaphandre, we are now feeding a [compatibility page](https://hubblo-org.github.io/scaphandre-documentation/compatibility.html). You might find generic RAPL-related useful information there as well. + +Last but not least, while using RAPL metrics could feel empowering as you have a pretty precise view on your machine’s components energy consumption, there is a catch. It should be said that this consumption profile will likely to be very specific to your hardware **and** configuration. The runtime context of a given software or service is also essential if you want to assess its energy consumption. Depending on its runtime, whether it's running natively, in a virtual machine (hypervisor configuration will also be important then), or in a container and depending on the other services running on the physical host and their behavior, the evaluation may be more or less impacted. Moreover, from one machine to another, even if the hardware is the same, you may have a closer look to (at least): hyper threading, turbo boost, energy efficiency mode, … + +## Conclusion + +As you may have understood, we are far from having everything we need to get both a precise and complete understanding of a server’s energy consumption, thus to optimize everything we could to reduce it. So what could we do? How could we match the gap between accurate, global energy consumption metrics coming from SmartPDUs and smaller-grain, incomplete, evaluations of per-component or per-process power usage? + +As you might have guessed, we will need to build and use power estimation models in addition to primary data measurements. Even if manufacturers provide a more and more complete set of sensors, older IT equipment is not likely to disappear, and I don’t think relying on hardware innovation only is the key (it has proved not to be). + +The road to get more generic, complete but accurate-enough models to get a machine's power without any physical device or sensor available is, to our knowledge, first composed of a better understanding and documentation of the existing ways to evaluate power. Second, we’ll need detailed, hardware-specific data, to then provide models that allow power evaluation in different or more difficult contexts, including but not limited to : IoT, old hardware, Public Cloud IaaS (this one will need more complementary work already started in [Boavizta](https://datavizta.boavizta.org/cloudimpact)). + +To get those metrics, we need you. We need to get more data, from more diverse machines and hardware configurations, either running benchmarks on them or collecting those metrics as passively as possible while they operate as usual. You could help us with that through the [Energizta project](https://boavizta.github.io/Energizta/intro.html). + +In addition to helping us with the Energizta project, do not hesitate to contact us about any imprecisions or suggestions you might find relevant, regarding this post. This is open and collaborative knowledge building. We know we might understand things wrong, that this is a biased presentation of the topic, that there is a lot more to do, and we want to do it with every person who wants to help. + +## Bio + +Benoit Petit, co-founder of [Hubblo](https://hubblo.org), a consultancy and open-source editor company for ICT environmental impacts evaluation and reduction. In this regard, I’m also a maintainer of [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre/), the open-source energy monitoring agent described in this post. I’m also a contributor to [Boavizta](https://boavizta.org/en), a non-profit organization encouraging collaboration of private and public organizations through digital commons, for making ICT compatible with planetary boundaries. + +## Thanks + +I’d like to thank Victorien Molle for his great contribution to the Windows driver Scaphandre relies on, Guillaume Subiron for his amazing work on Energizta, the great Scaphandre contributors community, David Ekchajzer, Leonard Pahlke and Guillaume Subiron again for their reviews of this blog post. diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-towards-optimized-microservices-performance-sustainability-via-istio-kepler-and-smart-scheduling.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-towards-optimized-microservices-performance-sustainability-via-istio-kepler-and-smart-scheduling.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c2ba04b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-towards-optimized-microservices-performance-sustainability-via-istio-kepler-and-smart-scheduling.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +--- +title: Towards Optimized Microservices Performance & Sustainability via Istio, Kepler and Smart Scheduling +description: Optimized Microservices Performance & Sustainability via Istio, Kepler and Smart Scheduling +slug: 2023-sustainability-istio-kepler-smart-scheduling +weight: 1 +date: 2023-10-12 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Peng Hui Jiang +--- + + *Guest post as part of the [cloud native sustainability week](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/)* + +KubeCon + CloudNativeCon + Open Source Summit China 2023 took place in Shanghai from September 26 to 28, drawing significant attention to sustainability-related topics from the attendees. One notable [talk](https://kccncosschn2023.sched.com/event/1PTGz) at the event discussed this important theme. Below, we recap this talk about environmental sustainability at the conference. + +## Problem, Challenges, and Solutions + +In the landscape of microservices orchestration, challenges arise that demand precise solutions. The inherent distributed nature of microservices leads to increased resource consumption and higher infrastructure costs. Efficient resource allocation while ensuring scalability is a pressing concern. Service interactions introduce latency, affecting overall performance. Latency and Service Interactions present complex problems, demanding optimization of communication pathways within microservices applications. Furthermore, the rapid proliferation of microservices raises environmental concerns, specifically regarding energy consumption and carbon footprint. Striking a balance between performance and environmental responsibility is crucial. + +To address these challenges, several key solutions come into play. Microservices form the foundational framework, enhancing scalability and flexibility within applications. Istio, an open-source service mesh platform, ensures seamless communication and mitigates latency by orchestrating traffic management and observability. Kepler probes CPU performance counters and kernel tracepoints, shedding light on power dynamics and guiding architects toward energy-efficient practices. Kubernetes Scheduling allocates resources, ensuring optimal utilization and preventing wastage. Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrates seamlessly with Istio, Kepler, and smart scheduling, enhancing microservices management through intelligent decision-making, real-time monitoring, and adaptive resource allocation. + +These tools act as strategic enablers, transforming challenges into practical solutions, orchestrating a future where microservices resonate with the tunes of innovation, efficiency, and environmental consciousness. + +## Istio and Microservice + +Istio stands as a transformative solution, seamlessly extending Kubernetes capabilities to create a programmable and application-aware network. By harnessing the robust Envoy service proxy, Istio orchestrates a harmonious integration between Kubernetes and traditional workloads. This integration brings forth standardized and universal tools for traffic management, telemetry, and security, elevating the intricacies of complex deployments. + +One of Istio’s notable strengths lies in its ability to generate comprehensive service metrics, offering deep insights into microservices interactions. These metrics cover crucial aspects such as latency, traffic patterns, errors, and service saturation, providing architects with a clear and real-time view of their microservices ecosystem. + +Specifically tailored for HTTP, HTTP/2, and GRPC traffic, Istio's metrics offer a granular understanding of the communication dynamics within microservices. By monitoring these key parameters, Istio empowers architects and developers to optimize their applications effectively, ensuring seamless performance and reliability in the ever-evolving landscape of modern software architectures. + +Our main focus is on the hotelReservation end-to-end service, an essential part of the DeathStarBench open-source benchmark suite designed for cloud microservices. Developed in a straightforward manner using modern cloud-native techniques, this service simulates a typical microservice workload, specifically a hotel booking system. It's written in the efficient Go programming language (golang) and utilizes gRPC-go for communication between microservices. This service is instrumental in our study, allowing us to explore different resource scheduling scenarios in a practical and accessible way, making it an ideal choice for our analysis. + +## Kepler and Power Modeling + +Kepler, known as the "Kubernetes-based Efficient Power Level Exporter," operates by utilizing eBPF technology to examine CPU performance counters and Linux kernel tracepoints. These gathered data, including information from BPF context switch events and sysfs, are inputted into machine learning models. This process enables us to estimate the power consumption of Kubernetes Pods accurately. From its inception, Kepler adheres to three fundamental principles: it is designed to be ubiquitous, capable of running on various platforms like bare-metal or virtual machines, supporting different architectures such as x86, ARM, or S390. Additionally, it is lightweight, ensuring a small footprint and low overhead, and it is grounded in scientific research, relying on well-studied principles. + +

Kepler Architecture

+ +For bare-metal environments, Kepler employs CPU performance counters, monitoring aspects like CPU cycles, instructions, and cache misses. It also utilizes RAPL to provide energy readings. Furthermore, it employs a usage-based ratio method, attributing energy consumption to processes based on the percentage of total CPU instructions consumed. + +In virtual machine settings where RAPL access is unavailable, Kepler adopts a machine learning prediction approach. It employs ML models along with BPF context switch events and stats to predict energy consumption at the container level. These techniques form the core of Kepler's methodology, ensuring precise and efficient power consumption estimations across different infrastructures. + +## Smart Scheduling with AI + +In the current experimental setup, we demonstrated a Kubernetes cluster with three nodes: one master node and two worker nodes. All nodes were equipped with Kepler and Istio deployments. The master node additionally hosted the load generation application and smart scheduling logic. Within the worker nodes, data storage services and business logic services were deployed to different nodes based on varying scheduling policies. + +Regarding the testing environment, all three nodes had identical configurations: 8 cores and 32 GB of RAM. The software stack was based on Ubuntu 22.04 and included Kubernetes, DBS, Nginx, Istio, Kepler, and Wrk. We conducted tests with different workloads, ranging from 2 to 128 threads and corresponding increments in connection numbers (multiplied by 10). Input data varied from 2000 to 10,000. Each test lasted for 60 seconds. + +Scenario 1: Default Scheduling Policy + +In the first scenario, we employ Kubernetes' default scheduling policy, allowing the platform's innate intelligence to allocate resources. The "Business Logic" Service and the "Data Store" Service are distributed across Worker01 and Worker02 based on Kubernetes' default algorithm. This scenario relies on Kubernetes' understanding of workload demands, node capacities, and resource availability. The approach embodies simplicity, leveraging Kubernetes' built-in logic to ensure a balanced distribution of services. However, while default scheduling is convenient, it may not always cater to specific workload nuances, potentially leading to suboptimal resource utilization and performance imbalances. + +Scenario 2: Customized Service Allocation + +In contrast, the second scenario adopts a more targeted approach. Here, the "Data Store" Service is strategically placed on Worker01, while the "Business Logic" Service finds its home on Worker02. This customization allows for meticulous resource allocation, aligning services with nodes that best suit their computational and memory needs. + +

Typical Scheduling Policy

+ +In terms of performance, there were notable differences between the scenarios. In the default Kubernetes scenario, the P99 latency and transactions per second (TPS) were superior compared to the second scenario. However, when considering energy consumption, the graph displayed the energy consumption trends of all pods within the hotel-res namespace over time. Notably, the energy consumption between the two scenarios remained relatively similar. + +Later on, Smart Scheduling with Reinforcement Learning is introduced: Firstly, it observes various metrics such as workloads, Istio and Kepler metrics, CPU usage, and memory utilization. Based on this information, it devises scheduling policies for pods across different nodes, adjusting configurations accordingly. These decisions are guided by performance and energy consumption evaluations, forming the basis of rewards received by the system. + +In the Kubernetes cluster environment, Smart Scheduling executes by scheduling pods onto nodes as recommended by its policies. To assess its performance, an evaluation method is employed, generating corresponding rewards. The process involves key steps in reinforcement learning. The state, denoted as S, signifies the agent's current position within the Kubernetes cluster. Actions (A) represent decisions made by Smart Scheduling, including pod scheduling and scaling. Each action yields a reward, determined by sustainability, performance, and other factors, weighted accordingly (`c_sus`, `c_perf`, `c_res`, `w_sus`, `w_perf`, `w_res`). Episodes conclude when the agent reaches a terminating state, unable to take further actions. + +Temporal Difference, a specific formula, calculates the Q-Value, gauging the effectiveness of an action (A) taken at a given state (S). This value, denoted as `Q(A, S)`, is iteratively updated using the Bellman equation and temporal differences. The objective is to minimize state transfer costs, optimizing Smart Scheduling’s decisions within the Kubernetes cluster. + +

Scheduling Policy Result

+ +Through our analysis, we have identified an optimized scheduling approach. In Scenario 3, the strategy involves scheduling the database service on a single node while relying on Kubernetes' default scheduling for the Business Logic service. This configuration outperformed both Scenario 1 and Scenario 2. This means that by dedicating one node specifically for the database service and utilizing Kubernetes' default settings for Business Logic, the overall system performance ans sustainability were significantly improved. + +## Conclusion + +The network metrics gathered by Istio are pivotal for optimizing Kubernetes scheduling. Kepler plays a key role by measuring power consumption at the container level, optimizing microservices in Kubernetes. Artificial intelligence, in synergy with Istio, Kepler, and smart scheduling, boosts microservices management through smart decision-making and real-time automation. Finally, Kepler's energy consumption data and performance tests validate the effectiveness of these optimizations. diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8d62f841 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-10-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +--- +title: Welcome to the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 +description: Welcome to the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 +slug: 2023-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week +weight: 1 +date: 2023-10-09 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Michel Murabito, Nancy Chauhan +--- + +Today, **on the 9th of October, the CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week kicks off with a series of global events organized by the cloud native community**, dedicated to highlighting the importance of environmental sustainability. It's a week of sharing reflections, participating in engaging discussions, and being part of impactful initiatives, featuring a diverse array of local and virtual meetups, daily live streams and blog posts. This is **your chance to learn more about cloud native environmental sustainability** and take meaningful actions towards a more sustainable future! + +[Find the closest in-person event to you](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/#local-meetups) here, dive into our virtual events here [1](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/#virtual-mini-conference-on-oct12)[2](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability-week/#livestreams-on-youtube-by-kubesimplifyhttpswwwyoutubecomkubesimplify-with-host-saiyam-civo-and-divya-suse), or check out the other blog posts here. Your participation makes a difference. Let's commit together to a more sustainable IT future! 🌍🌱💻 + +## Tech meets green: sustainable IT solutions for the future + +**Sustainability**, while a broad societal concept, has gained traction in the IT sector, prompting us to reconsider our practices. The IT sector has a significant environmental footprint due to its widespread use. By supporting renewable energy-driven cloud services and promoting effective electronic recycling, we can direct the IT industry towards a more sustainable path. The **CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV)** was formed as a technical advisory group to address some of these challenges, with a focus on the cloud native realm. The **CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week** emerged as a TAG ENV project, bringing the community together to spotlight the need for a more sustainable approach to cloud native application development. + +At the heart of this event is the TAG ENV, **focusing on reducing the environmental impact of the cloud native technologies**, while also emphasizing the importance of measuring and enhancing the IT sector's sustainability footprint. Cloud native applications, emblematic of this concern, are deployed in data centers and consume substantial energy resources. + +Being an integral part of the CNCF, **the TAG ENV has the unique opportunity to directly influence and enhance the sustainability posture of the projects within the CNCF** landscape, thereby directly impacting software being deployed across a multitude of industries and systems. + +## Digital age: global gatherings for sustainability + +The **CNCF Sustainability Week** is an event that combines **in-person** meetups with virtual sessions, allowing participants from all over the world to join, learn, and collaborate regardless of their geographical location. + +**In-person** events are hosted by CNCF community groups in cities across the globe, showcasing the worldwide commitment to sustainability. These gatherings provide the unique opportunity to directly interact with industry experts, share experiences, and build personal relationships with other professionals with a shared interest in sustainability in the cloud native world. Attending a local event allows for a deep understanding of specific regional challenges and solutions. + +On the other hand, **virtual events** offer flexibility and accessibility. Primarily organized by the CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG ENV), these webinars and online sessions allow anyone to participate, regardless of their location. These events highlight the latest research, trends, and solutions in the field of cloud native sustainability and represent a crucial opportunity for global learning and collaboration. + +Regardless of the chosen format, whether it's an in-person event or a virtual session, each event is designed to promote knowledge sharing and inspire concrete actions towards greater sustainability in the cloud native space. + +## Navigating the Sustainability Week: Events & Updates + +To ensure that participants have easy access to all event information, we've compiled a list of the key activities below. Additionally, you can find a detailed schedule and more events on [the Events Page](https://community.cncf.io/cloud-native-sustainability/) + +* **In-Person Events Page**: This page provides a comprehensive list of all the in-person meetups organized by CNCF community groups globally. You can find details about the event location, date, time, and session topics to be presented. Those interested can register directly through this page to secure their spot. +* **Virtual Events Page**: If you're looking to participate from the comfort of your home or office, the Virtual Events Page is your one-stop destination. Here, you'll find the schedule of webinars and online sessions, complete with details on speakers, topics, and how to join the live stream. +* **Stay Updated on LinkedIn**: For real-time updates, behind-the-scenes content, and a chance to interact with the community and organizers, don't forget to follow the official **CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability page on LinkedIn**. By engaging with our posts and sharing them within your network, you help amplify the message of sustainability in the cloud-native environment. [Follow CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/cncf-tag-environmental-sustainability/) + +For any specific queries or if you need additional information, the fastest way to get feedback would be to ask a question in #tag-environmental-sustainability channel in [**CNCF slack**](https://communityinviter.com/apps/cloud-native/cncf). Also, feel free to reach out to our organizing team through the contact section on the respective event pages. We're here to assist and ensure you have a seamless experience during the CNCF Sustainability Week. + +## Your voice is significant for the greener future + +In a dynamic and rapidly evolving ecosystem like cloud native, every voice and action matter. Your participation, feedback, and involvement can make a difference in shaping a sustainable future for the IT industry. That's why your contribution is so vital. + +* **Active Participation**: + * **Connect and Collaborate**: Attending both in-person and virtual events provides an opportunity to connect with industry experts and fellow professionals who share your passion. These interactions can inspire new ideas, kick-start collaborations, and lead to innovative solutions. + * **Share Your Experience**: Every attendee brings a unique perspective. By sharing your experiences, challenges, and successes, you enrich the discussion and help the community grow and learn. + * **Become an Advocate**: Active participation isn't limited to just events. You can become an ambassador for sustainability in your work environment, your local community, and online, helping to spread the significance of the subject. +* **Feedback and Contributions**: + * **Voice to the Community**: CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability values feedback. Sharing your insights can assist in enhancing the quality of sustainability-related events and initiatives. + * **Direct Insights**: Providing feedback based on your hands-on experience offers a viewpoint that can contribute to incremental improvements. + * **Together for Growth**: Positive and constructive contributions help the community advance and emphasize the importance of sustainability. +* **Ongoing Involvement**: + * **Beyond Sustainability Week**: Your passion for sustainability shouldn't be confined to just one week. The industry needs driven individuals to champion sustainability all year round. + * **Initiatives and Projects**: Consider starting or joining sustainability-related projects. These can range from simple local initiatives to major global-scale projects. + * **Support Network**: By continuing to engage with the CNCF and the TAG ENV community and other professionals, you build a support network. This network can back your initiatives and ensure your commitment makes a lasting impact. + +Your contribution can light the way to a more sustainable future. Never underestimate the power you hold in creating a positive impact. + +## Green tomorrow: act today + +The CNCF Sustainability Week is our shared call to action. While it’s a significant moment to connect and reflect, real change requires year-round dedication. Remember, sustainability isn’t a one-time action; it's a lifestyle that pushes us toward a brighter, greener IT horizon. + +As we gear up for the CNCF Sustainability Week, always know: your actions and thoughts have weight. This week is a milestone, but the journey, the real work, stretches beyond. Dive into the events during the week, but let's keep that green spirit alive every day after. + +Dive deeper into our mission. [**Explore the events**](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/) and [**join the community**](https://communityinviter.com/apps/cloud-native/cncf). Let’s craft a brighter, greener future for cloud native technologies. We're in this together, and we can't wait to see where you take us. diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-11-getting-started-as-a-tag-env-contributor.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-11-getting-started-as-a-tag-env-contributor.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0ba84af1 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-11-getting-started-as-a-tag-env-contributor.md @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +--- +title: Getting started as a TAG Environmental Sustainability Contributor +description: Getting started as a TAG Environmental Sustainability Contributor +slug: 2023-getting-started-as-tag-env-contributor +weight: 1 +date: 2023-11-07 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Antonio Di Turi, Atreay Kukanur, Mfon Nta +reviewers: Kristina Devochko, Leonard Pahlke, Marlow Weston +--- + +

TAG Environmental Sustainability Logo

+ +If you are reading this blog it might be that you are interested in contributing to the cloud native sustainability domain. This blog will help you and guide you through the different possibilities that are available for you, like joining the **The Technical Advisory Group** Environmental Sustainability, or one of its associated working groups. + +Starting to contribute to open source and cloud native communities may often seem challenging and scary for beginners, but there are many ways you can embark on this journey. One way to engage with the community is to contribute to one of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation Technical Advisory Groups (CNCF TAG). + +The **TAG ENV**, consists of individuals that focus on a specific area of the CNCF landscape by providing guidance, addressing challenges from the community and establishing domain-specific standards and best practices. + +If you are curious about the TAG and play with the ideas to contribute you likely ask yourself the following questions. + +- What are the goals of the TAG ENV and how do they work with each other? +- How does my contribution help with sustainability efforts? +- Which projects does the TAG ENV has and how can I contribute to them? +- How can I share ideas, improvements and any other suggestions to the TAG ENV? + +## Introducing the CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability + +The **TAG ENV** operates as part of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) alongside several other [TAGs](https://github.com/cncf/toc/tree/main/tags#current-tags). + +Drawing inspiration from international frameworks such as the Paris Climate Accords, the TAG ENV sets out with a clear agenda: work with the cloud native community to tackle global environmental challenges by identifying ways to reduce the environmental footprint of steadily growing data centers and expanding the cloud native technologies landscape. + +You can find more information about the TAG ENV’s mission in the [charter document](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/charter.md). + +The primary goals of the TAG ENV are: + +- Identify, define, and support existing (or develop minimal) tooling to assess and refine environmental sustainability approaches. +- Quantify the energy consumption of individual cloud native applications and their typical integration patterns. +- Recommend energy-efficient strategies for the entire lifecycle of cloud native applications, from development to deployment and operation. +- Collaborate with other environmental or sustainability entities, even those outside of CNCF's purview. + +If the TAG’s goals resonate with your own,keep on reading to learn more about why YOU should join the TAG and how to get involved. + +## TAG Environmental Sustainability needs YOU - but WHY? + +Open source transcends mere lines of code; it epitomizes a global collaboration uniting individuals worldwide to craft free and accessible software. +By integrating technical and environmental considerations, the TAG ENV engages in a diverse array of cloud native projects. +Our commitment lies in transforming concepts into tangible initiatives that positively impact both the environment and the tech industry. + +**1. Why should you contribute to open source?** + +Getting involved in open source is an incredible way to collaborate with diverse individuals worldwide to develop free and accessible software. +It's an opportunity to contribute to innovative projects, share valuable insights, and nurture successful initiatives while learning from a vibrant community of developers and enthusiasts. + +**2. Why should you contribute to the cloud native sustainability domain?** + +At TAG Environmental Sustainability, we thrive on collaboration by connecting you with CNCF projects, including [working groups](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups) and [projects](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/projects/README.md), to create innovative solutions for a greener tech future. +We serve as a knowledge hub for sharing insights and fostering eco-friendly innovations. Your contributions help nurture successful open source projects focused on sustainability. +We provide resources and support, ensuring you don't have to start from scratch. +[TAG ENV](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/charter.md), as a [Technical Advisory Group](https://github.com/cncf/toc/tree/main/tags), collaborates with the open source community, working towards defining environmental sustainability factors for the cloud native landscape. +Our mission includes incubating open source projects to measure and reduce carbon footprints in cloud native infrastructure. +We aim to raise awareness of environmental sustainability in open source and support projects that promote energy-efficient solutions, positively impacting the community. + +

Overview of TAG Environmental Sustainability structure and Working Groups

+ +[Join us](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability#contact) and let's make a difference together! + +## Making a meaningful impact as part of the CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability + +

Visualization of different ways how one can contribute to the TAG Environmental Sustainability

+ +With the mounting challenges our planet faces, efforts from all corners are essential. +Here you can find some of the suggested actions that will help you get started: + +1. [Detailed Contributor Guide:](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) Still curious about how you can contribute more meaningfully? Explore our contributor guide and the [contributor-ladder](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/governance/contributor-ladder.md) for in-depth details. + +2. [Explore TAG ENV GitHub repo:](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability) Your journey with the TAG Environmental Sustainability can begin at its GitHub repository. Familiarize yourself with the ongoing projects, issues, and the larger objectives of the group. If what you see sparks interest, dive deeper!  Please look through the available information and feel free to add to it.  We always are looking for help, suggestions, and more knowledge. + +3. [Attend TAG ENV Regular Meetings](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com&ctz=America%2FChicago): These meetings offer a 360° view of what's happening within the TAG: latest news, latest projects, newcomers. You can introduce yourself and let us know what brought you here! Can't wait to hear your story! + +4. [Engage on Slack](https://communityinviter.com/apps/cloud-native/cncf): For a more informal setting, join the [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6), [#tag-env-wg-comms](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C068XUD9AEA) and[#tag-env-wg-green-reviews](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C060EDHN431) channels on [CNCF Slack](https://communityinviter.com/apps/cloud-native/cncf). Say hello to the community, engage in discussions, and comment on posts that pique your interest. This platform allows you to foster connections with other contributors and stay updated on day-to-day happenings. + +5. [Contribute to the TAG ENV Working Groups](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/about/working-groups/): If you can't wait to make a hands-on difference, this is your avenue. + +6. All the details about the Working Groups goals, non-goals and ongoing activities can be found here: . Right now we have two working groups: + + - **Green Reviews**. This group aims to design a strategic approach to aid CNCF projects in tracing and improving their environmental sustainability footprint. Intrigued? Dive into the specifics by checking out [the charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/working-groups/green-reviews/charter.md). + + - **Communications**. Effective communication is as crucial as the technical work itself, as it ensures that the impactful actions of our working group are understood and appreciated by a wider audience. The working group charter will be published soon, but for now you can find additional details in following PR: + +7. [Tackle GitHub Issues:](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues) If you have a knack for addressing specific challenges or if you're seeking a shorter commitment, GitHub issues might be your calling. Browse through them and identify where you can contribute. If you feel lost and you don't know where to start, a good starting point is always an issue with the ["Help wanted" label](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/labels/help%20wanted). + +8. [Events & Meetups:](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events/) If you lean more towards communications and networking, you're in for a treat! The TAG ENV meets in-person at major conferences like KubeCon+CloudNativeCon and Open Source Summit. In addition TAG ENV organizes global events like the [Cloud Native Sustainability Week](https://github.com/orgs/cncf/projects/10/views/11) where both a virtual mini conference and local [cloud native meetups](https://community.cncf.io) were organized by a larger, international community. If you have ideas or want to organize an event dedicated to the cloud native sustainability where you live, the TAG ENV community would be thrilled to help you out and support you in making it happen! + +Every individual, irrespective of their expertise or background, has something valuable to offer. If the topic of environmental sustainability resonates with you, the TAG ENV awaits your unique touch. Dive in, and together, let's make a difference! + +## Can YOU help shape the future of the TAG Environmental Sustainability? + +Yes! The TAG ENV is a community-driven group, and everyone's input is highly valued and appreciated. If you have an idea that you would like to propose to the TAG ENV, the first step is to check if this idea already exists as a project or otherwise. You can check the [issues](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues) page for closed and open issues where you discuss your idea or reopen an old discussion. + +Scope your idea and refer to the first-time contributors quick start from our [contributor guide](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#first-time-contributors). It is advisable to refer to the [governance folder](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/governance) to get a better understanding of different processes in the TAG. + +Your idea can be phrased in the form of a detailed proposal, a blog post, or even a presentation. It may be a message in Slack or a GitHub issue. You can write a full-fledged proposal from the beginning and once your idea is documented, you can  share it with the group in [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6) channel on [CNCF Slack](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6), where the TAG actively discusses new ideas. + +Another way to bring your proposals to the TAG ENV community is by participating in TAG's working groups. These are groups of experts and enthusiasts who focus on specific topics, such as performing sustainability footprint reviews of CNCF projects or driving marketing and communication. + +By joining one of the working groups, you can collaborate with like-minded individuals and contribute to ongoing discussions and projects. Working groups are an excellent opportunity to receive feedback on your proposals and work collaboratively to bring them to fruition. + +To ensure that your contributions are in line with TAG's standards and expectations, TAG has a "Contribute" section on the website, which provides detailed information on how to get involved and contribute to different areas of the organization. It also includes a technical guide that outlines TAG's technical specifications and guidelines for creating documentation and code. + +The TAG ENV community encourages and welcomes contributions from anyone. If you have an idea that you believe can make a positive impact on the industry, don't hesitate to share it with the TAG ENV community. Together, we can shape the idea into something actionable for the benefit of the TAG and the cloud native community as a whole. + +## Join us and spread the word + +Thank you for your interest and enthusiasm, those are invaluable. We hope that this article is a good resource that enables you to clarify some of the recurring doubts when joining an open source project. Feel free to reach out directly in one of the many channels highlighted in this guide, we will be happy to hear from you and welcome you on board. + +We appreciate any  amplification of our message by sharing this article and participating in our meetups and projects. While we've provided some starting points, your unique journey and insights are what truly enriches our collective effort. We eagerly await your contribution and look forward to collaborating with you! diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9f26192b --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +--- +title: "Reduce, Reuse, Rebase: Sustainable Containers with Buildpacks" +description: Buildpacks are an environmentally friendly choice for container builds +slug: 2023-12-reduce-reuse-rebase-buildpacks +weight: 1 +date: 2023-12-19 00:00:00 +0000 +author: Joe Kutner +--- + + +Container builds can be very wasteful. Every operating system update, new dependency version, and toolchain upgrade results in copious amounts of energy used to build and rebuild our container images; often unnecessarily. It can be costly at scale, which is why Cloud Native Buildpacks were designed to perform full builds only when a rebuild is actually required. + +Buildpacks transform application source code into container images. They can be used with or without Docker to encapsulate common patterns across builds, which makes containerization easier and more consistent for app developers. Buildpacks also provide advanced caching and patching mechanisms that make them an environmentally friendly choice for container builds. In certain cases, Buildpacks prevent many images from being rebuilt at all. That's a big shift from other cloud native technologies that may assume unlimited cloud resources are available. + +

CNB logo with recycling

+ +## On the Environmental Impact of Cloud Native + +Prior to the emergence of the cloud native ecosystem and widespread use of container images, we deployed our applications in servers built from machine images that were updated infrequently and on a different cadence from the application itself. + +Today, many applications are coupled to the operating system and its packages because they use a `Dockerfile` to define their container images. As a result, those images frequently need rebuilds to apply patches to OS-level components, or simply to update tools that aren't even used by the application. Even worse, the layer caching mechanism imposed by `Dockerfile` forces us to frequently rebuild layers that don't even need to be rebuilt. + +The cloud-native ecosystem has brought great productivity and operational improvements to software development. But we've lost sight of how wasteful some of those technologies can be. +Buildpacks, on the other hand, have been designed to work at a scale (i.e. tens millions of images) where being wasteful has real costs. That's why the Buildpacks rebase mechanism requires minimal resources. + +## Reduce, Reuse, Rebase + +Container images built from a `Dockerfile` require a full build when a new operating system update is available, even if your app doesn't need a re-compile or re-install to work with the update (i.e. the update is [ABI compatible](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_binary_interface)). This is not the case when using Buildpacks. + +When a new operating system base image becomes available for an image that been generated by a buildpack, the existing layers that sit above the operating system can be reused. This process, illustrated below, is called rebasing. The application layers, with the exact same SHA, can be lifted on to the new operating system image layers. + +

Updating the operating system of a container image requires a rebuild if you're using Dockerfile

+ +

Buildpacks rebase constructs a new container image using existing layers, without the need for build

+ +Buildpacks rebase process ultimately constructs a new container image using both the existing layers and the new operating system layers, without the need for build. At its core, image rebasing is a simple process. By inspecting an app image, rebase can determine whether or not a newer version of the app's base image exists (either locally or in a registry). If a newer version exists, rebase updates the app image's layer metadata to reference the newer base image version. This is essentially a an operation that edits a JSON file. It takes milliseconds and uses very little compute resources. + +Rebase allows app developers or operators to rapidly update an app image when its run image has changed. By using image layer rebasing, this command avoids the need to fully rebuild the app. + +You can [learn more about rebase in the Buildpacks documentation](https://buildpacks.io/docs/concepts/operations/rebase/). But rebase isn't the only Buildpacks mechanism that's more sustainable than `Dockerfile` builds. Buildpacks can also cache build artifacts to enable incremental compilation, and other resource saving techniques. These cache layers won't always be discarded when you do require a re-build, like they would with `Dockerfile`` builds. + +## Be As Green As Your Unit Tests + +Container builds are not the biggest offender when it comes to the environmental impact of software. Electricity needed to mine bitcoin is [more than used by entire countries](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/feb/27/bitcoin-mining-electricity-use-environmental-impact), but the growth of software that uses cryptographic techniques has brought new awareness to how our code affects the world around us. That's a good thing. + +We have a responsibility to think about minimizing the required resources of the software we produce. The code we write has an impact on the world, and our choices matter. + +To learn more about the relationship between open source software development and the environment, visit the [Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG)](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/) diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2024-01-31 cloud native sustainability week 2023 wrap up.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-01-31 cloud native sustainability week 2023 wrap up.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..bc888538 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-01-31 cloud native sustainability week 2023 wrap up.md @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +--- +title: Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 - putting sustainability on the community radar +description: Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 was a huge success with great community engagement; we look back at the event and forward to 2024! +slug: 2024-wrap-up-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023 +weight: 1 +date: 2024-01-31 10:00:00 +0000 +author: Michel Murabito, Marta Paciorkowska, Kristina Devochko, and Leonard Pahlke +--- + +

Banner image of the cloud native sustainability week 2023

+ +For the first time, during the week 9th-15th October 2023, [CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/) organized a global community event that was aimed to raise awareness for and share knowledge about the topic of cloud native sustainability – [Cloud Native Sustainability Week](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events/cloud-native-sustainability-week/). When we started planning the event we didn’t expect that there would be so much interest and willingness to help in organizing the event from the community, but the engagement and involvement have been overwhelming and we’re extremely grateful for that! + +Throughout the week we had **5** live streams, **1** global virtual mini conference, **5** blog posts and **12** local meetups. But the involvement didn’t just stop after that week: countless social media posts and content references were spread by the global tech community in addition to 10 more local meetups that were organized shortly after the main week of the event. In total the event took place in **17** countries spread across **4** continents – if that can’t be called a stunning success, what can?😃 + +> *All of the links to different types of content that was shared during Cloud Native Sustainability Week can be found in our earlier [blog post](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events/cloud-native-sustainability-week/#events). Live stream and meetup recordings are available in a [dedicated playlist on our YouTube channel](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_3_oSSuNpD4cdUFtW68Ejl5FpD7fEFdg&si=LVS0PR7aFcUpVTL6).* + +

A screenshot from the interactive map of all the locally organized meetups in conjunction with Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023

+ +The Cloud Native Sustainability Week became a forum where community members share knowledge and reflections, participate in engaging discussions and look into potential actions and approaches for improving sustainability posture of cloud native and open source space. It’s an event that brings together like-minded individuals with different backgrounds, but with the same passion in common, which is sustainability. + +We believe that with the collaborative approach that Cloud Native Sustainability Week provides the grounds for, attendees will be empowered and inspired to contribute to the future development of cloud native sustainability domain and the TAG ENV itself. Together we can shape the sustainability posture of the projects within the cloud native and open source realm, which will add up to other global actions for the better of our planet and future generations. + +## Insights from the attendee survey + +With 22 meetups, hosting over a thousand in-person attendees and thousands online, we had an opportunity to get insight into the community’s views on sustainability, their level of awareness, ideas and actions that are gaining traction. We gathered data through an attendee survey with 86 responses. + +It is important to paint a realistic landscape of the community’s concerns. A few voices expressed disbelief in sustainability being taken seriously by large players in the IT industry. Although not a popular sentiment in our respondents, it underlines the critical importance of transparency and data in order to not risk falling into the trap of green washing. + +Most attendees considered the content of our sessions to be effective in helping them understand what cloud native sustainability is. Attendees valued the work that’s being put into raising awareness on the need for sustainable practices in the cloud native landscape. Given that the majority also stated that they are very likely to apply the knowledge from our sessions in their projects, we can be somewhat confident that a mix of informative and hands-on sessions is a good recipe for future events, especially when sessions are interactive – our attendees are eager to discuss ideas and particular use-cases. + +We asked people: *What was the most interesting insight that you have gained from the events you’ve attended so far that enhanced your understanding of cloud native sustainability?* The answers can be divided into a few categories. Most answers revolved around collecting data, raising awareness of sustainable practices, and adopting concrete tools to run more sustainable IT operations in the cloud. + +Our attendees are aware that data collection on energy consumption and the actual carbon footprint of applications is crucial, and they signal the need for transparency from cloud providers on that front (*Difficulty getting accurate carbon footprint information from energy/IT providers*, to quote one respondent). + +Our attendees also recognize *the role that developers have in reducing the carbon footprint of cloud technologies*. Thus, the responsibility for sustainable practices falls not just on the cloud providers, but also on their customers, who should *consider “green” as an important priority* when planning and developing new products. They mention technologies like [Kepler](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler), [eBPF](https://ebpf.io/), [Leafcloud](https://www.leaf.cloud/), and [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre) as areas of interest. + +A common challenge to adopting tools to collect data on carbon intensity and acting on them is IT strategy and knowledge gaps (17 responses each) on the one hand, and time and budget constraints (14 and 11 responses, respectively) on the other. This highlights the need for being efficient in communication around sustainability since most organizations have pressing priorities already, while at the same time being aware of the risks of oversimplification. + +## Embracing a global community + +The Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 was an exemplary demonstration of how a global community can come together around a common goal. The event featured meetups in 17 countries and an online gathering that reached people from every corner of the world, showcasing its international reach and shared commitment to sustainability in the cloud. This collective effort highlighted the power of a united and forward-looking community. + +The combination of physical and virtual meetings created a powerful sense of a global community, united by a common goal: promoting sustainability in the cloud sector. + +To reflect the scope and energy of these meetings, we have compiled a collage of photos showcasing a few images from some of the meetups around the world. These photos represent not only the highlights and meaningful interactions but also the diversity and enthusiasm of the participants. Each image is a testament to the vibrancy and commitment of our community towards sustainability 💚. + +

Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 Meetup Collage

+ +The Cloud Native Sustainability Week highlighted just how strong and dedicated our global community is. Every meetup, every online session, every shared photo is a piece of this vast mosaic of individuals and groups working together for a more sustainable future. This week of events was a clear demonstration of how, when united by a common goal, we can overcome geographical and cultural barriers to make a difference. + +Looking ahead, the success of the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 is an exciting starting point for further initiatives. We will continue to build this global community, drawing inspiration from this year’s successes and expanding our commitment to making the cloud native world increasingly sustainable. + +## A warm Thank You and looking ahead to Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 + +Summing it up, we would like to thank everyone who has supported and helped us make Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 such a success! All the attendees, local meetup and global virtual mini conference organizers, speakers, live stream guests and hosts, blog post authors and reviewers, social media engagers, supporting organizations and individuals – without **YOU** Cloud Native Sustainability Week would not have been possible!💚 + +Based on the astonishing engagement, activity and positive feedback we’ve received about the event we’ve decided to make it a regular, annual happening. We’re happy to announce that there will be a Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 event! 🎉 It’s currently in the very early planning stage, but what’s important is that it’s open for everyone in the community to contribute, engage and share ideas. We’ve opened a [GitHub issue](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290) to track the organization of the event in an open and transparent manner – you’re welcome to leave a comment if you’re interested in supporting the event in any capacity. Thank you! + +There are many ways you can contribute to making Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 even better than the previous event. Organizing a local meetup, writing a blog post, doing a live stream, helping with common organizational activities like creating artworks, presentation slides, surveys, social media promotion, suggesting ideas/actions etc. – as long as it’s related to the topic of cloud native sustainability and is in alignment with the event’s mission all contributions, big and small, count and are much appreciated! We would also recommend you to check out our recent [“Getting started as a TAG Environmental Sustainability Contributor”](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-getting-started-as-tag-env-contributor) blog post for even more inspiration on how to engage with the TAG ENV community and start contributing. + +We’re looking forward to seeing you join Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024! In the meantime, please check out our [live stream and meetup recordings from Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_3_oSSuNpD4cdUFtW68Ejl5FpD7fEFdg&si=LVS0PR7aFcUpVTL6) and [blog posts](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog), and join us in planning for Cloud Native Sustainability 2024 on [GitHub](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290)!🤗 + +Also! We have worked with CNCF to develop a micro-survey to help us understand the sustainability challenges you’re facing and learn more about how organizations are tackling these issues. Take the short survey [here](http://surveymonkey.com/r/YW5QK6D)! + +

Banner for encouraging to support and contribute to CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 by joining discussion in the dedicated GitHub issue: https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290

diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2024-03-15-green-reviews-working-group-moving-towards-measuring-the-sustainability-footprint-of-cncf-projects.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-03-15-green-reviews-working-group-moving-towards-measuring-the-sustainability-footprint-of-cncf-projects.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..577730e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-03-15-green-reviews-working-group-moving-towards-measuring-the-sustainability-footprint-of-cncf-projects.md @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +--- +title: "Green Reviews Working Group: Moving towards measuring the sustainability footprint of CNCF projects" +description: "In this blog post we will take a look at how the Green Reviews Working Group is contributing to moving towards continuously measuring the sustainability footprint of CNCF projects" +slug: 2024-green-reviews-working-group-measuring-sustainability +weight: 1 +date: 2024-03-15 10:00:00 +0000 +author: Antonio di Turi, Imma Valls, Kristina Devochko, Leonard Pahlke, Niki Manoledaki, Ross Fairbanks +--- + +## Introducing the Green Reviews Working Group and its mission + +Cloud computing has a significant environmental impact that is rapidly growing due to the rising demand for cloud services, especially with resource-intensive applications like Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI). To identify and address environmental sustainability challenges in the cloud native and open source space, some of the cloud native community members started a Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) that operates under the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) umbrella. You can learn more about TAG ENV on our [website](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io). + +TAG ENV has created subgroups known as Working Groups for more narrowly scoped activities. Currently, two Working Groups (WG) operate under TAG ENV, one of them being the **Green Reviews WG**, which we will look at in this blog post. Source code, documentation, and other relevant content produced by Green Reviews WG is available in the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling. + +

Overview of active Working Groups under CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability

+ +The main goal of the **[Green Reviews WG](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/tree/main/working-groups/green-reviews)** is to assess the environmental sustainability footprint of CNCF projects, as well as provide guidance and recommendations on how the footprint can be lowered over time. By providing a framework to gather this type of sustainability-related insights and making this data publicly available for all CNCF projects, we are contributing to continuous improvement of the overall ecological footprint of the CNCF landscape. The [Green Reviews WG Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/working-groups/green-reviews/charter.md) expands further on the mission and vision of the Green Reviews WG. + +By evaluating the environmental sustainability footprint of CNCF projects, the Working Group aims to raise awareness and provide meaningful insights for the project maintainers regarding the sustainability posture of their projects. In addition, the Working Group seeks to provide the guiding pillars for the project maintainers to make informed decisions that will improve the sustainability posture of their projects for every new release. + +Finally, we believe this data will also be helpful for the end users and adopters of the CNCF projects and contribute to even broader awareness around environmental sustainability in the cloud native and open source realm. + +## Putting Green Reviews WG goals into action + +Measuring the sustainability footprint of software is not an easy task. Our vision is that the WG will compute the sustainability data for every release of a CNCF project that requests a sustainability footprint assessment. To achieve such a vision, our goal is to develop a workflow that can integrate well with the existing software lifecycle of other CNCF projects. To achieve this, we are creating an automated workflow for performing sustainability assessments. This has been the main goal of the [milestone](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/milestone/1) that the WG completed in Q1 of 2024 in the run-up of KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2024. The milestone can be found in the project repository, as well as the [Roadmap](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling?tab=readme-ov-file#roadmap). + +To accomplish the goal, the WG needs to collaborate closely with the CNCF projects. This is to ensure that the right software is running on the right platform with realistic test cases and meets all the technical requirements. In this regard, it may be worth mentioning a separation of responsibilities between the WG and the CNCF project requesting the assessment. More granular information can be found in the **[Green Review WG Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/working-groups/green-reviews/charter.md)**. + +The WG will be responsible for setting up the infrastructure, including all the needed hardware and software to perform the sustainability footprint assessment. It will also be responsible for defining and calculating the metrics that are needed to assess the environmental sustainability footprint of CNCF projects. + +CNCF projects, on the other hand, will be responsible for providing the configuration that is needed to install the software on the Green Reviews WG technical platform. They also need to provide use cases that the WG will use to perform benchmarking of the respective projects. + +

Separation of responsabilities CNCF projects Green Reviews WG

+ +In other words, the WG provides a technical platform - including the necessary underlying infrastructure and tooling - for CNCF projects to assess their sustainability footprint. This process needs a lot of experimentation. We want to make sure that the metrics that are computed are as reliable as possible. At the point of writing this blog post, there is no established definition/industry standard of how to perform a software sustainability footprint assessment. The WG’s investigations balance exploration of the available tooling and methodologies with the application of the best practices for application deployment, for example by applying GitOps practices and tooling, and platform automation. + +### Building the workflow for assessing the sustainability footprint of CNCF projects + +A good way to practically understand the first version of the workflow that the WG is designing is to take a look at the following architecture diagram: + +

Separation of responsabilities CNCF projects Green Reviews WG

+ +The WG's workflow vision is that every release requesting a sustainability footprint assessment will trigger a Github Action specified in the [Green Reviews repo](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling) that will start a benchmarking pipeline. The pipeline’s job is to: + +1. Spin up the Equinix Metal resources +2. Install Kubernetes and all the needed observability tools +3. Install the software that will be assessed +4. Execute the necessary test cases +5. Gather sustainability-related metrics +6. Publish sustainability metrics + +We are happy to share that our cloud infrastructure is now fully operational. Our Kubernetes (k8s) cluster is hosted on Equinix Metal servers from the community lab. The cluster uses a GitOps approach using Flux to deploy observability tools such as Kepler, Prometheus, and Grafana. Our infrastructure setup is documented [here](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs/infrastructure/about.md). These are essential for conducting the sustainability footprint assessments. [Kepler](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler), in particular, is a CNCF project that uses eBPF and RAPL to provide accurate energy metrics in various types of cloud environments, from bare metal to VMs in the public cloud, and associates them to Pods and other Kubernetes resources. + +Flux is responsible for deploying all the selected observability tools and the CNCF projects. After the GitHub Action triggers all the defined use cases, Kepler will produce the energy metrics and export them natively to Prometheus. + +### Sustainability metrics and the Software Carbon Intensity specification + +This infrastructure is used to generate the initial data to calculate the carbon intensity of Falco using the [Software Carbon Intensity](https://learn.greensoftware.foundation/measurement#software-carbon-intensity-specification) (SCI) specification, a soon-to-be [ISO standard](https://www.iso.org/standard/86612.html) developed by the [Green Software Foundation](https://greensoftware.foundation/). This dashboard showcases the SCI factors, such as the energy consumption of Falco, the carbon emissions of the Equinix geographical location, and the embedded carbon of the hardware the software is running on. The dashboard is a public Grafana dashboard, illustrating our commitment to transparency and continuous improvement. + +

SCI index componentes Grafana dashboard

+ +The sustainability footprint metrics are not limited to the SCI specification, but we are using it as a North Star. It is an opportunity to show a cloud native reference architecture for it. More information about these measurements can be found in the project’s [docs](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs/measurement/sci.md). To access the public Grafana instance and view the dashboard, follow the steps [here](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs/infrastructure/about.md#monitoring). + +The destination where to publish the sustainability metrics is not decided upon at the point of writing this blog post. [CNCF devstats](https://devstats.cncf.io/) is being discussed as another possible place where to make this type of data publicly available. + +### Next steps for the sustainability footprint assessments and benchmark test pipeline + +The continuous operation of a Kubernetes cluster raises questions about how sustainable this solution is. Some decisions were forced, like using bare metal servers to be able to retrieve accurate energy metrics. But new questions keep coming up as the work on the technical platform progresses. + +Can we create nodes on-demand when conducting sustainability footprint assessments instead of running the nodes all the time? Another enhancement opportunity is that currently, Falco is always deployed and the kernel is always being tested, which we hope to improve after KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2024, so that we use the minimal amount of energy in the pipeline itself. These questions are crucial to the WG’s mission, and we are looking forward to the community's suggestions and contributions. + +In addition, the sustainability footprint assessment itself will be something that we need to tackle in the next milestone. The WG’s goal is to make the sustainability footprint assessment pipeline useful for CNCF project maintainers, such as Falco maintainers. We will continue to collaborate with the respective project maintainers as we enter the “review” phase of the project. This type of sustainability footprint assessment is inspired by the processes like TAG Security’s Security Assessment (TSSA) that is already utilized for CNCF projects. More information about the collaboration between Green Reviews WG and CNCF project maintainers can be found in the [docs](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs/cncf-projects/cncf-projects.md). **CNCF project maintainers who are interested in having their projects assessed are welcome to flag their interest [here](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/223)!** + +Please keep in mind that only some components of the described vision are in production at the time of writing this blog post. If you would like to find out more about the latest status of the work that’s being done in the Green Reviews WG, please join our community in the [Green Reviews WG Slack channel](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C060EDHN431) or the [TAG ENV Slack channel](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6), or check out the [documentation](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs) on GitHub. + +## Reflecting on Green Reviews WG's journey till now + +Since its formal announcement at KubeCon + CloudNativeCon North America 2023, the Green Reviews Working Group (WG) has been on a journey, making progress in the realm of sustainability within the cloud native ecosystem. + +Reflecting on the WG’s progress, we would like to share the milestones that have been achieved so far: in a collaborative effort, we reached our first **100+** commits and successfully addressed our first **10+** issues. The group’s GitHub repository is progressively taking shape, driven by engaging discussions and gaining momentum, especially with the very first collaboration with the Falco project team, which will be the pilot CNCF project to perform a sustainability footprint assessment with the help of the WG’s technical platform. + +The WG faced many challenges in the past months: we had to keep multiple streams open in parallel and ensure that there was continuous progress: designing the workflow, setting up the infrastructure, installing, configuring, and running Falco according to the defined requirements, and deciding upon the framework for calculating sustainability metrics. + +The most recent milestone was even harder because we had to balance the scalability of the solution with the practical need to build a reproducible sustainability footprint assessment workflow. The project is still very young, and we had to learn how to best collaborate and document every step in a transparent, open source way. + +The Falco project was also challenging because many of the WG contributors were not familiar with the complex nature of this security software. Ensuring that Falco was running with the correct load and specifically with a meaningful kernel_event_rate was challenging, but luckily the Falco maintainers and contributors were very collaborative. + +Before KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2024, the WG’s goal was to present the first implementation of a sustainability footprint assessment workflow to the community. At the point of writing the blog post, **version 0.1** is up and running, though it still needs improvements, including: + +- The definition of the GitHub Actions workflow that the release of the CNCF project will trigger; +- The steps needed to provision Equinix servers on-demand; +- Continuous improvement of the quality and quantity of the sustainability metrics; + +Please refer to the WG’s [Roadmap](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling#roadmap) on GitHub for future updates and enhancements. + +## Green Reviews WG is always looking for new contributors - please come and join us! 💚 + +All the activities and communication that are going on in the **Green Reviews Working Group** are transparent, public, and open to everyone. The Working Group is fully volunteer-run and is always on the lookout for new contributors to help with tasks. We always have a few [issues with labels such as "help wanted"](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3A%22help+wanted%22) in the repository that folks can pick up or pair on! + +If you’re looking for ways to contribute technically to a project in the cloud native sustainability domain, then you are in the right place! Our Working Group is diverse and inclusive, and we’re happy to welcome everyone who would like to join us and contribute to the group. + +There are many ways to begin your contributor journey. We recommend checking out some of the resources below that should provide enough information to get you started if you would like to read further. Or just join one of the meetings and learn with us along the way! + +- Read the blog [Getting started as a TAG Environmental Sustainability Contributor](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-getting-started-as-tag-env-contributor). It’s a general guide on how to get started in the TAG Environmental Sustainability, and many of the steps provided in the blog post also apply to the Green Reviews WG. +- Check the [Green Reviews WG Charter](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/blob/main/working-groups/green-reviews/charter.md). It outlines the WG's motivation, scope, goals, non-goals, and deliverables. +- Read the [documentation](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/website/content/docs) in the green-reviews tooling GitHub repository. +- Join the WG Slack channel [#tag-env-wg-green-reviews](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C060EDHN431) in the [CNCF Slack](https://slack.cncf.io) workspace and attend the group [meetings](http://bit.ly/wg-green-reviews). +- Check out the Working Group's backlog to find beginner-friendly issues to work on, and check the [contributing guide](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)! All types of contributions are welcome: code contributions, issues, suggestions for things like product roadmap, questions, and documentation. + +The **Green Reviews WG** encourages and welcomes contributions from anyone. If you have an idea, don’t hesitate to share it with the group by submitting [a GitHub issue](https://github.com/cncf-tags/green-reviews-tooling/issues/new) or posting it in the Slack channel. + +We’re on an exciting journey with many opportunities for collaboration, experimentation, research, innovation, and learning by doing. Together we’re making an impact and paving the path for a more sustainable cloud native and open source landscape, and we hope that what you’ve learned from this blog post inspires you to join us on this journey! \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/2024-05-30-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2024-is-underway-and-why-you-should-care.md b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-05-30-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2024-is-underway-and-why-you-should-care.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d37e8f5f --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/2024-05-30-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2024-is-underway-and-why-you-should-care.md @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +--- +title: "CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 is underway and why YOU should care" +description: "In this blog post, we discuss CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024, an event dedicated to exploring eco-friendly practices in cloud technology. This week-long event features meetups and virtual sessions focused on sustainability." +slug: 2024-CNCF-Cloud-Native-Sustainability-Week-2024-is-underway-and-why-YOU-should-care +weight: 1 +date: 2024-05-30 10:00:00 +0000 +author: Michel Murabito, Nancy Chauhan, Julie Chenadec +--- + + +## Uniting Technology and Sustainability for a Brighter Future + +In our modern world, technology and sustainability can harmoniously coexist, creating a brighter future. Each of us can contribute to this by adopting innovative and eco-friendly practices. CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week provides a forum and a unique opportunity to reflect on how we can evolve and innovate together, sustainably. + +After the successful 2023 edition of the event, planning for this year's edition is already underway, with a renewed commitment to increasingly green and engaging initiatives. + +But let's start from the beginning. + +### What is CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week? + +The CNCF Sustainability Week is an annual event that is organized by the CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) in collaboration with the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). The main goal of the event is to promote environmental sustainability in the cloud native industry and open source space. + +This global event, which includes both in-person meet-ups and virtual sessions, is organized by local tech communities around the world and coordinated by the TAG ENV. We believe that by encouraging such global intercontinental collaboration, we can enable people from all over the globe to understand how sustainability is an integral factor in the technology sector and how, sometimes with very little, technological and innovative initiatives can be carried out while respecting the environment. + +Before delving into the details around CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week, let's take a look at what the CNCF TAG ENV is. + +## Introducing CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV) + +The CNCF TAG ENV is a Technical Advisory Group that’s driven by passionate individuals who are committed to developing guidelines, tools, and practices to integrate sustainability into cloud native technologies. Its main purpose is to share tools and best practices to reduce the environmental impact of technological infrastructures, proposing innovative strategies and practical solutions. + +TAG ENV regularly organizes meetings, including initiatives such as promoting Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024. TAG ENV is an open group, and anyone wishing to contribute and actively participate in the group and its activities can do so. The group is focused on transparency, inclusion and active collaboration between its contributors that sparks innovation and creates further opportunities to contribute to a more sustainable cloud native and open source space. + +If you would like to join TAG ENV, participate in discussions, and contribute to the groups activities like planning the Cloud Native Sustainability Week, you can join the CNCF Slack channel, [#tag-environmental-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6), attend regular TAG ENV [meetings](https://calendar.google.com/calendar/embed?src=72e93a411f02e5664bb4485c04311b83dae6a62574e4ab882a1ccf8526aa9bf1%40group.calendar.google.com), or collaborate together with other contributors on the TAG ENV [GitHub issues](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues). Last year we wrote a [blog post that does a deep-dive into how you can start contributing to the TAG ENV](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-getting-started-as-tag-env-contributor), and if it sounds interesting then we encourage you to check it out for more details! + +New contributors are always welcome and we would love to have YOU join us! Every contribution, big or small, can make a difference in realizing a greener and more sustainable technological future. + +### Sneak Peek into CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 + +This week provides a unique opportunity to actively engage in promoting sustainability in the cloud native and open source space. There are multiple ways to participate, allowing everyone to find the format most suitable to their needs and interests. Whether you prefer in-person meetings for a more direct and interactive experience or virtual sessions for greater flexibility, there's an option for you. Additionally, you can also take the initiative to organize a local meetup where you live, contributing to spreading sustainable practices in your local community. + +* In-Person Meetups: Join events and meetups organized by local communities around the world. These meetings provide an opportunity to discuss regional challenges and learn about innovative solutions for sustainability. +* Virtual Sessions: Participate in webinars, workshops, and online discussions organized by the TAG ENV to explore topics such as renewable energy and IT resource optimization. +* Speak at an Event: Propose a session on sustainability topics at a local or online meetup. This is an opportunity to share your ideas and actively contribute to the sustainability discussions. + +### A Look Back at CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 + +In 2023, the CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week saw significant and diverse participation. + +Over 22 meetups were organized in more than 17 countries, involving numerous international speakers and thousands of participants. The events covered a wide range of topics, from renewable energy to IT resource optimization. + +Reflecting back on last year’s event, which was also organized for the first time, we see that it was a huge success! Based on the feedback from the community, it contributed to: + +* Increased Awareness: Awareness campaigns reached a broader audience, educating on sustainable practices through articles, social media posts, and webinars. +* Community Engagement: Active participation facilitated the sharing of knowledge and best practices, creating a network of sustainability supporters. +* Successful Initiatives: Specific projects were launched, such as improving IT infrastructures to reduce energy consumption. + +If you would like to relive the highlights of the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 and hear some significant testimonials about the event, check out the [following video](https://youtu.be/ezGSYtvQH2c?si=3q-USUPyLVjBq9wH). This video gathers the experiences of participants and organizers, offering an inspiring look at the conducted activities and highlighting the most memorable moments from the event. We’ve also published a blog post wrapping up the CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023: [Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 - putting sustainability on the community radar](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2024-wrap-up-cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023) + +## The CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week needs YOU! + +The success of the CNCF Sustainability Week relies on the contribution of passionate volunteers, and there are several ways you can help: + +* Organizing Events: If you're willing, you can organize an event, support other local gatherings, or virtual sessions. This role is crucial to ensure each event runs smoothly and reaches its full potential. +* Sharing Your Expertise: If you have experience in sustainable practices or cloud native technologies, consider hosting a session or workshop. Sharing your knowledge can have a significant impact and inspire others to adopt sustainable practices. +* Active Participation: Even just attending events, promoting them within your network, and sharing your ideas can help create a more aware and engaged community. Every voice counts, and your contribution can make a difference. + +Join us in promoting sustainable practices and making a difference. For more information and to sign up as a volunteer, visit the [TAG ENV website](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events). + +### Are YOU joining us at the CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024? + +CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 provides an unmissable opportunity to make a positive impact for anyone interested in making the technology sector more sustainable by fostering innovation and collaboration with a broader community. By participating in the event, you'll not only gain new knowledge and skills but also contribute to a global movement aimed at protecting our planet for future generations. Don't miss this opportunity to make a difference! + +Every participant, every volunteer, and every shared idea can contribute to real and lasting change. Together, we can build a future where technology not only coexists with global sustainability goals but actively contributes to reaching those goals. Your participation can inspire others, create new connections, and pave the way for sustainable innovations that will make a difference. + +No matter your level of experience or where you are in the world, there's always a way to contribute. Join us in making 2024 a turning point for sustainability in cloud native and open source technologies. + +For more information and to participate, visit the official CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week page that will soon be published on the [TAG ENV website](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events). Until the page is made available on the website, please refer to the [Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 tracking issue on GitHub](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290) to flag your interest. diff --git a/website/content/ja/blog/_index.md b/website/content/ja/blog/_index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f6f272ff --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/blog/_index.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +--- +title: Blog +linkTitle: Blog +toc_hide: true +list_pages: true +menu: + main: + weight: 40 +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2023-Kubecon-na.md b/website/content/ja/events/2023-Kubecon-na.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d19610d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2023-Kubecon-na.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +--- +title: KubeCon + CloudNativeCon NA 2023 +description: TAG Environmental Sustainability presence at Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference in Chicago, USA from 6-9 November, 2023. +weight: 96 +--- + +The Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference gathers adopters and technologists from leading open source and cloud native communities for the second time in 2023. This time KubeCon+CloudNativeCon event takes place in the windy city of Chicago, USA from 6-9 November, 2023. Both us from the TAG will be delivering a few sessions on-site, and there will be multiple sustainability-related sessions from other community members that we would like to highlight here! + +We are looking forward to hearing your perspectives and welcome everyone who wants to contribute to our efforts in the cloud native sustainability space. +Let’s reduce the environmental sustainability footprint of the cloud, data centers and CNCF projects together. + +## Overview of TAG Environmental Sustainability and Related Talks + +* [Keynote: Environmental Sustainability in the Cloud Is Not a Mythical Creature - Frederick Kautz, TestifySec; Rimma Iontel, Red Hat; Tammy McClellan, Microsoft; Marlow Weston, Intel; Niki Manoledaki, Grafana Labs](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1R4Tl/keynote-environmental-sustainability-in-the-c[…]anoledaki-grafana-labs) + +* [CNCF Environmental Sustainability TAG Updates and Information - Marlow Weston, Intel & Niki Manoledaki, Grafana Labs](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1R2mQ/cncf-environmental-sustainability-tag-updates[…]anoledaki-grafana-labs) + +* [Kepler: Project Update and Deep Dive - Marcelo Amaral & Tatsuhiro Chiba, IBM](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1R2rh/kepler-project-update-and-deep-dive-marcelo-amaral-tatsuhiro-chiba-ibm) + +* [Sustainability and Efficiency: Environmentally-Friendly Software Development with Kube-Green - Davide Bianchi, Mia-Platform](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1R2u2/sustainability-and-efficiency-environmentally[…]e-bianchi-mia-platform) + +* [Building Carbon Awareness with KEDA: Taking the First Step Towards Sustainability - Paul Yu, Microsoft](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1TeMO/building-carbon-awareness-with-keda-taking-th[…]lity-paul-yu-microsoft) + +* [Environmentally Sustainable AI via Power-Aware Batch Scheduling - Atanas Atanasov, Intel & Daniel Wilson, Boston University](https://kccncna2023.sched.com/event/1R2tJ/environmentally-sustainable-ai-via-power-awar[…]lson-boston-university) + +* [Cutting Climate Costs with Kubernetes and CAPI - Shiva Rezaie & Steve Francis, Sidero Labs](https://sched.co/1R2p6) + +* [Sponsored Keynote: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle - Nathan Taber, Head of Product, Kubernetes, Amazon Web Services](https://sched.co/1R4fu) + +* [Kube-Costbusters: Optimizing Kubernetes Clusters for Efficiency and Epic Savings! - Rachel Leekin & Antoinette Mills, AWS](https://sched.co/1R2r2) + +* [Where's Your Money Going? the Beginners Guide to Measuring Kubernetes Costs - Mark Poko & JuanJo Ciarlante, Grafana Labs](https://sched.co/1R2vE) diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md b/website/content/ja/events/2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b93870f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2023-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +--- +title: CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 +linkTitle: Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 +exclude_search: true +description: Cloud Native Sustainability Week is a global event where the CNCF community organizes local meetings around the theme of Cloud Native Sustainability. The Cloud Native Sustainability Week will take place in the second week of October 2023. +weight: 97 +slug: cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023 +--- + +

CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week Banner

+ +The CNCF Global Week of Cloud Native Sustainability is an event organized by the [CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability](http://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability) and the wider [Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) community](http://cncf.io) to address the emerging topic of environmental sustainability in the cloud native industry and open source space. The event aims to engage with the community and IT industry as a whole, get a better understanding of the current environmental sustainability landscape, and promote collaboration and knowledge sharing on the topic. + +During the **second week of October 2023 (W41)**, the [CNCF community groups around the globe](https://community.cncf.io/chapters/) will organize meetups in their cities with a focus on cloud native sustainability. These meetups can be organized by anyone interested in supporting the effort. Additionally, the [CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG ENV)](http://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability), will host a virtual meetup. The recordings of the virtual and recorded in person event will be uploaded to this [playlist on YouTube](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_3_oSSuNpD4cdUFtW68Ejl5FpD7fEFdg&si=iBEY_qa1-DccqWz_). + +| **Meetups around the globe** | **[Daily Blog posts](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/)** | **[Virtual Mini Conference](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-presents-virtual-mini-conference-cloud-native-sustainability-week/)** | **[Daily Livestreams on YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/@kubesimplify)** +|---|---|---|---| + +## Events + +We will host 21 local meetups happening across 16 countries and 4 continents. Below, you see a visual representation of all the local meetups. + +### Local Meetups + +
+ +
+ + +| **Nr** | **Location** | **Date** | **Event Link** | **Name** | +|---|---|---|---|---| +| 1 | China, Beijing | Nov.4 | [Link](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0hALcFLFxqB3Mec0fYYO5g) | Sam Yuan, Jiaju Zhang | +| 2 | China, Shanghai | Nov.4 | [Link](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0hALcFLFxqB3Mec0fYYO5g) | Shane Wang, Hongbo Wang | +| 3 | Brasil, São Paulo | Nov.27 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-sao-paulo-presents-cloud-native-sao-paulo-meetup-23-em-bradesco/) | Carol Valencia | +| 4 | Colombia, Bogota | Oct.26 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-bogota-presents-1-cloud-native-bogota/) | Ivan Camargo | +| 5 | Colombia, Medellin | Oct.21 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-medellin-presents-bienvenidos-a-cloud-native-medellin-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | Elias Quintero, Samantha Upegui | +| 6 | France, Paris | Oct.10 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/cloud-native-computing-paris/events/296073417/) | Andrea Giardini, Tim Carry | +| 7 | Germany, Hamburg | Oct.10 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/hamburg-kubernetes-meetup/events/296100283/) | Leonard Pahlke | +| 8 | Germany, Karlsruhe | Oct.10 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/de-DE/green-software-development-karlsruhe/events/296165492/) | Aydin Mir Mohammadi | +| 9 | Germany, Munich | Oct.9 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-munich-presents-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week-munich/) | Antonio Di Turi, Max Körbächer | +| 10 | Guatemala | Nov.23 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-guatemala-presents-sustainability-week-cloud-native-guatemala/) | Sergio Méndez, Jefferson Molina | +| 11 | India, Bangalore | Oct.14 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/kubernetes-india-meetup/events/296353271/) | Nancy Chauhan, Prakash Mishra, Humble Devassy Chirammal | +| 12 | India, Chennai | Nov.5 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-chennai-presents-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | Manikandan, Vinothini, Vijayabharathi | +| 13 | Italy, Milan | Oct.9 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/mia-platform-cultura-innovazione-team/events/296124350/) | Michel Murabito, Federica Leonino | +| 14 | Korea, Seoul | Oct.13 | [Link](https://festa.io/events/3916) | Seokho Son, Hoon Jo | +| 15 | Luxembourg, Luxembourg | Oct.10 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-luxembourg-presents-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | Stéphane Este-Gracias (@sestegra) | +| 16 | Netherlands, Amsterdam | Oct.9 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/Dutch-Kubernetes-Meetup/events/296272552) | Alessandro Vozza | +| 17 | Norway, Oslo | Oct.9 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/gsf-oslo/events/295698438) | Kristina Devochko | +| 18 | Spain, Barcelona | Oct.10 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-barcelona-presents-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | Niki Manoledaki, Imma Valls | +| 19 | Switzerland, Bern | Oct.10 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/cloudnativebern/events/295861662/) | Johann Gyger | +| 20 | Taiwan, Taipei | Oct.24 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-taiwan-user-group-presents-cncf-sustainability-week-taiwan-x-green-software-foundation/) | Phil Huang (@pichuang), Sarah Hsu, Moris Wu | +| 21 | USA, South Florida | Oct.19 | [Link](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-south-florida-presents-south-florida-meetup-cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | Angel Ramirez, Hitomi Mizugaki, Cristher Castro | +| 22 | USA, Colorado | Oct.16 | [Link](https://www.meetup.com/colorado-kubernetes-cloud-native/events/296665831/) | Karen Chu, Kris Woyna | + + +### Virtual Mini Conference on Oct.12 + +[Virtual Mini Conference](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-presents-virtual-mini-conference-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) is a meetup organized by the CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG ENV). It is a 2-hour event with presentations both from the community speakers and TAG ENV maintainers. You can find the event on the CNCF community page [here](https://community.cncf.io/events/details/cncf-cloud-native-sustainability-presents-virtual-mini-conference-cloud-native-sustainability-week/). The recording can be found [here](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_3_oSSuNpD4cdUFtW68Ejl5FpD7fEFdg&si=iBEY_qa1-DccqWz_). + +### Blog Posts + +The blog posts will be published on the [CNCF blog](https://www.cncf.io/blog/) and on the [TAG ENV blog](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/). + + +| **Day** | **Blog Post** | **Link** | +|---|---|---| +| Monday Oct.9 | Welcome to the Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2023 | [Link](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-welcome-cloud-native-sustainability-week/) | +| Tuesday Oct.10 | Reducing your environmental impact with the Linkerd service mesh | [Link](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-reducing-env-impact-with-linkerd/) | +| Wednesday Oct.11 | Embracing Edge Computing with Kepler - A Dive into Remote Monitoring, Centralized Dashboarding, and Visualization | [Link](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-embracing-edge-computing-with-kepler/) | +| Monday Oct.12 | Towards Optimized Microservices Performance & Sustainability via Istio, Kepler and Smart Scheduling | [Link](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/blog/2023-sustainability-istio-kepler-smart-scheduling/) | +| Friday Oct.13 | The road to Scaphandre v1.0 : Challenges and improvements to come on IT energy consumption evaluation | [Link](https://www.cncf.io/blog/2023/10/11/the-road-to-scaphandre-v1-0-challenges-and-improvements-to-come-on-it-energy-consumption-evaluation/) | + + +### Livestreams on YouTube by [kubesimplify](https://www.youtube.com/@kubesimplify) with Host Saiyam (Civo) and Divya (Suse) + + +| **Day** | **Guest** | **Link** | +|---|---|---| +| Monday Oct.9 | Henrik Rexed (Dynatrace) |[Link](https://www.youtube.com/live/qthk0dbzFMk?si=ZwtBj6NyXkrJnL1S) | +| Tuesday Oct.10 | Mark Bjornsgaard (Deep green) |[Link](https://www.youtube.com/live/hY_0BI9h2o4?si=YVp12SRRBHZBC-e2) | +| Wednesday Oct.11 | Dheeraj Ravula (Avesha) |[Link](https://www.youtube.com/live/6i3wN9EiJUE?si=HJkRtHYF3jVp6BvP) | +| Thursday Oct.12 | David Aronchick (Expanso) |[Link](https://www.youtube.com/live/j-lToQG7gwg?si=2k0d_t3q-s4xG6n1) | +| Friday Oct.13 | Saiyam (Civo) Divya (SUSE) |[Link](https://www.youtube.com/live/qXtgoRIQpos?si=ea4h1MZoKLKgHAJe) | + + +

CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week Generic Engine

+ +## Event Goals + +1. **Gain better insights into the current [Cloud Native Sustainability Landscape](/landscape/)**: Engage with the community and IT industry as a whole to develop a deeper understanding of the [Cloud Native Sustainability Landscape](/landscape/). +2. **Identify knowledge gaps**: Recognize domain areas for cloud native environmental sustainability where further exploration and knowledge sharing is needed. +3. **Foster project collaboration**: Encourage participants to actively collaborate on further development and improvement of existing projects and tools that pertain to the field of cloud native sustainability. +4. **Raise awareness**: Enhance awareness and knowledge sharing around the topic of cloud native environmental sustainability. +5. **Promote TAG ENV and CNCF**: Promoting the #tag-environmental-sustainability and raising awareness about the CNCF in general. +6. **Survey**: distributing a survey to gather information on end user adoption of cloud native sustainability. +7. **Badges**: providing badges from credly for organizers and potentially speakers. + +This [document](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1s28lqqc3IBAMw4T7n13zfyAuUEEc3I4_xhPxCLA4_dk/edit?usp=sharing) describes the goals in more detail and the plan how we can achieve them. + +## Contact and Resources + +Please reach out to us via the [CNCF Slack workspace](https://slack.cncf.io/) in the channel [tag-env-sustainability](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C03F270PDU6), if you have any comments or questions. All resources are publicly accessible. +If you are a meetup organizer, we have a [tracking issue](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/134) to collect input and questions. + +* **General Tracking Issue**: +* **General Meetup Organizer Guide**: +* **Milestone to track the event organization tasks**: +* **Google Drive folder**: + +## Acknowledgements ✨ + +The event is organized solely by volunteers who dedicate their spare time, making it a true community effort. Without the collective contributions of everyone involved, this event would not have been possible. Thank you to each and every community member for your support and contributions! + + +Special thanks to Kristina Devochko, Leonard Pahlke, Nancy Chauhan, Mercy Bamiduro and the wider TAG ENV community to help organise the event. +Many thanks to all the local meetup organizers and the entire CNCF team for their support. diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2023-kubecon-eu.md b/website/content/ja/events/2023-kubecon-eu.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..410c25a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2023-kubecon-eu.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: Kubecon CloudNativeCon EU 2023 +description: TAG Environmental Sustainability presence at Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference in Amsterdam, The Netherlands from 18-21 April, 2023. +weight: 99 +--- + +The Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference gathers adopters and technologists from leading open source and cloud native communities in Amsterdam, The Netherlands from 18-21 April, 2023. +And we as a TAG have a few sessions planned on site! + +## TAG [Meetup](https://sched.co/1JWOX) + +Are you interested in the impact your cloud projects and cloud-related work has on the environment? +Then we would love to meet you at our [**TAG Environmental Sustainability Project Meeting**](https://sched.co/1JWOX) at KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2023. +We have some exiting presentations and discussions planned. +We are looking forward to hearing your perspectives and welcome everyone who wants to contribute to our effort. +Let’s reduce the environmental of the cloud, data centers and our projects. + +## TAG [Talk](https://sched.co/1Hzd3) + +In the talk we will talk about the latest from the CNCF Environmental Sustainability TAG. We’ll focus on the findings exploring the Cloud Native Sustainability landscape, the landscape of organizations that we collaborate with! We highlight current bottlenecks and challenges and provide guidance and opportunities to contribute to sustainability yourself. We will introduce you to cloud native projects that you can use today to build your tech stack a little more sustainable. + +## Sustainability related talks at a glance + +### Tuesday 18th of April + +* [Power-Aware Scheduling](https://sched.co/1HyWC) +* [GreenCourier](https://sched.co/1HyXM) +* [TAG Project Meeting](https://sched.co/1JWOX) ⬅️ brought to you by the TAG ENV + +### Wednesday 19th of April + +* [Accelerate Sustainable Computing with Community Collaboration](https://sched.co/1HyPf) +* [Be the Change Our Planet Seeks: How YOU Can Contribute to Running Environment-Friendly Workloads on Kubernetes](https://sched.co/1HyW9) +* [Building a Sustainable, Carbon-Aware Cloud: Scale Workloads and Reduce Emissions](https://sched.co/1HyPo) + +### Thursday 20th of April + +* [The state of green software + cloud native](https://sched.co/1Hzd3) ⬅️ brought to you by the TAG ENV +* [Minimizing Energy Consumption in Bare Metal K8s Clusters](https://sched.co/1HybW) +* [Evolution of on-Node Adaptive Power Tuning](https://sched.co/1Hycj) + +### Friday 21st of April + +* [Scale Down Your Environmental Impact](https://sched.co/1Hybr) +* [Sustainability Through Accountability in a CNCF Ecosystem](https://sched.co/1HyYK) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2023-oss-na.md b/website/content/ja/events/2023-oss-na.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c016863f --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2023-oss-na.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +--- +title: Open Source Summit NA 2023 +description: TAG Environmental Sustainability presence at the Linux Foundation’s flagship conference in Vancouver, British Columbia from 10-12 May, 2023. +weight: 98 +--- + +Level up your open source knowledge with access to 15 micro-conferences, including SustainabilityCOn, and 300+ sessions. Join the ultimate gathering of open source innovators to learn, network and collaborate in Vancouver, British Columbia from 10-12 May, 2023. +And we as a TAG have a few sessions planned on site! + +### SustainabilityCon Sessions - [link](https://events.linuxfoundation.org/open-source-summit-north-america/program/schedule/) + +Are you interested in the impact your cloud projects and cloud-related work has on the environment? +Then we would love to meet you at our [**TAG Environmental Sustainability Project Meeting**](https://tockify.com/cncf.public.events/detail/598/1683747900000) at OSS NA. + +We are looking forward to hearing your perspectives and welcome everyone who wants to contribute to our effort. +Let’s reduce the environmental of the cloud, data centers and our projects. diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md b/website/content/ja/events/2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..95278742 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2024-cloud-native-sustainability-week.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +--- +title: CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 +linkTitle: Cloud Native Sustainability Week 2024 +exclude_search: true +description: Cloud Native Sustainability Week is a global event where the CNCF community organizes local meetings around the theme of Cloud Native Sustainability. The Cloud Native Sustainability Week will take place at the first week of October 2024. +weight: 94 +slug: cloud-native-sustainability-week +aliases: + - /cloud-native-sustainability-week +--- + +

CNCF Cloud Native Sustainability Week Banner

+ +The CNCF Sustainability Week is an annual event that is organized by the [CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV)](http://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability) in collaboration with the [Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF)](http://cncf.io). The main goal of the event is to promote environmental sustainability in the cloud native industry and open source space. + +This global event, which includes both in-person meet-ups and virtual sessions, is organized by local tech communities around the world and coordinated by the TAG ENV. We believe that by encouraging such global intercontinental collaboration, we can enable people from all over the globe to understand how sustainability is an integral factor in the technology sector and how, sometimes with very little, technological and innovative initiatives can be carried out while respecting the environment. + +After the successful [Sustainability Week 2023](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/events/cloud-native-sustainability-week-2023/), planning for this year's edition is already underway, with a renewed commitment to increasingly green and engaging initiatives. + +**At the first week of October 2024**, the [CNCF community groups around the globe](https://community.cncf.io/chapters/) will organize meetups in their cities with a focus on cloud native sustainability. These meetups can be organized by anyone interested in supporting the effort. Additionally, the [CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Advisory Group (TAG ENV)](http://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability), will host a virtual meetup. The recordings of the virtual and recorded in person event will be uploaded to the playlist on YouTube. + +
+ +## Meetup Locations + +*Note that this list is changing, we will publish a complete overview a few weeks for the event! Take a look at [this document](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xfUqxt0EeMhrsg8h5p_cAJ1ZHzWryrIywue53rVRFJw/edit?usp=sharing) to check the latest status, and persons to contact.* + + +| **NR** | **Location** | **Date** | **Event Link** | **Name** | +|---|---|---|---|---| +| 1 | Amsterdam, Netherlands | TBD | TBD | Brendan Kamp +| 2 | Guatemala | TBD | TBD | Sergio Méndez +| 3 | China | TBD | TBD | Sam Yuan +| 4 | Norway | TBD | TBD | Marta Paciorkowska +| 5 | Tokyo, Japan | TBD | TBD | Sunyanan Choochotkaew +| 6 | Milan, Italy | TBD | TBD | Michel Murabito +| 7 | Sao Paulo, Brazil | TBD | TBD | Carol Valenica +| 8 | India | TBD | TBD | Saiyam + + +## Event Goals + +1. **Gain better insights into the current [Cloud Native Sustainability Landscape](/landscape/)**: Engage with the community and IT industry as a whole to develop a deeper understanding of the [Cloud Native Sustainability Landscape](/landscape/). +2. **Identify knowledge gaps**: Recognize domain areas for cloud native environmental sustainability where further exploration and knowledge sharing is needed. +3. **Foster project collaboration**: Encourage participants to actively collaborate on further development and improvement of existing projects and tools that pertain to the field of cloud native sustainability. +4. **Raise awareness**: Enhance awareness and knowledge sharing around the topic of cloud native environmental sustainability. +5. **Promote TAG ENV and CNCF**: Promoting the #tag-environmental-sustainability and raising awareness about the CNCF in general. +6. **Survey**: distributing a survey to gather information on end user adoption of cloud native sustainability. +7. **Badges**: providing badges from credly for organizers and potentially speakers. + +## Why Participate + +1. **Make a Difference**: As the world faces increasing environmental challenges, it's crucial for the technology industry to address its impact. +2. **Community Engagement & Networking**: The event brings together a diverse community of like-minded individuals who are passionate about cloud native technologies and sustainability. By organizing the event, you have the chance to network with industry experts, potential collaborators, and like-minded individuals. +3. **Knowledge Sharing**: Hosting a meetup provides a platform to share knowledge and insights about cloud native environmental sustainability. You can invite experts, thought leaders, and practitioners to give talks, lead discussions, and share best practices. +4. **Amplify Your Voice**: Organizing a meetup allows you to contribute to a larger collective voice coming from the CNCF. We are stronger together! +5. **Personal Fulfillment**: Making a positive impact on the environment and being part of a global movement can be personally fulfilling. + +## Contact and Resources + +Please reach out to us via the [CNCF Slack workspace](https://slack.cncf.io/) in the channel [#tag-env-cloud-native-sustainability-week](https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C06TCK5RXCG6), if you have any comments or questions. All resources are publicly accessible. +If you are a meetup organizer, we have a [tracking issue](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability/issues/290) to collect input and questions. + +* **General Tracking Issue**: +* **General Meetup Organizer Guide**: +* **Milestone to track the event organization tasks**: +* **Google Drive folder**: diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/2024-kubecon-eu.md b/website/content/ja/events/2024-kubecon-eu.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2a62aac9 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/2024-kubecon-eu.md @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +--- +title: Kubecon + CloudNativeCon EU 2024 +description: TAG Environmental Sustainability presence at Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference in Paris, France from 19-22 March, 2024. +weight: 95 +--- + +The Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference gathers adopters and technologists from leading open source and cloud native communities in Paris, France from 19-22 March 2024. + +The TAG will also be running a few things in Paris! + +## TAG Booth + +TAG members will be at our booth on the AM of Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday! Find us at Solutions Showcase | Level 7.2 | Hall 7.2 | Project Pavilion Booth #PP20-B! Come and chat to us about the work we are currently doing, different projects and working groups, or how you can get involved! + +## TAG Meetup + +We're hosting an informal meetup for everyone who's interested in the TAG ENV on Thursday, 21st of March, 15:30 - 16:45. We will meet on the venue terrace! It's accessible via the escalators from level 7.3 up to level 7.4, specifically from the MAIN LOBBY side (you can recognize it due to presence of windows). + +## TAG [Talk](https://sched.co/1Yhgd) + +In tech, sustainability is not just an ideal but a pressing technical challenge, especially within the domain of cloud computing. Enter the CNCF Technical Advisory Group for Environmental Sustainability (TAG ENV), a community group dedicated to cultivating a more eco-friendly CNCF landscape. Join us as we navigate the key challenges confronting our community in the pursuit of a more environmentally friendly cloud native ecosystem. We'll shed light on TAG ENV's latest initiatives and achievements, like our ongoing assessment of the sustainability footprint of CNCF projects. By the end of this session, you'll grasp the current landscape of cloud native sustainability and gain insights into the community's efforts to enhance it. Discover practical ways our work can benefit you and your company, and learn how to actively contribute to our endeavors. Most importantly, you'll recognize sustainability not just as a concept but as an urgent technical challenge demanding attention. + +## Sustainability related talks at a glance + +### Tuesday 19th of March + +10:30 - 10:37 CET + +* [Sustainable Computing: Measuring Application Energy Consumption in Kubernetes Environments with Kepler | Project Lightning Talk](https://sched.co/1aQWg) + +17:35 - 17:40 CET + +* [Lightning Talk: Debunking Myths About Environmental Sustainability in the Cloud, Building a Greener CNCF Landscape](https://sched.co/1YeLF) + +### Wednesday 20th of March + +09:45 - 10:00 CET + +* [Keynote Panel Discussion: Optimizing Performance and Sustainability for AI](https://sched.co/1YhIO) + +11:30 - 12:15 CET + +* [CloudNativeHacks: Panel Discussion Facilitated by The Sustainability Working Group](https://sched.co/1Yvvp) + +14:30 - 16:00 CET + +* [Tutorial: Cloud Native Sustainable LLM Inference in Action](https://sched.co/1YeMh) + +17:25 - 18:00 CET + +* [The Data Pipelines Behind Forest Carbon Credits – Why Pachama Uses Flyte to Orchestrate Workflows](https://sched.co/1YeNk) + +### Thursday 21st of March + +09:45 - 10:00 CET + +* [Keynote: Building IT Green: A Journey of Platforms, Data, and Developer Empowerment at Deutsche Bahn](https://sched.co/1YhJk) + +10:05 - 10:20 CET + +* [Keynote: Innovating Responsibly: How to Navigate Sustainability in the Era of Kubernetes](https://sched.co/1YhJv) + +11:00 - 11:35 CET + +* [Heating Pools with Cloud Power: A New Wave in Green Computing](https://sched.co/1YeOI) + +11:55 - 12:30 CET + +* [Cloud Native Sustainability Efforts in the Community - TAG Environmental Sustainability](https://sched.co/1Yhgd) ⬅️ brought to you by the TAG ENV + +14:30 - 15:05 CET + +* [Unlock Energy Consumption in the Cloud with eBPF](https://sched.co/1YeOO) + +### Friday 22nd of March + +11:55 - 12:30 CET + +* [Saving the Planet One Cluster at a Time: Operationalising Sustainability in Kubernetes](https://sched.co/1YeR6) + +16:00 - 16:35 CET + +* [CASPIAN: A Carbon-Optimized Multi-Cluster Job Scheduler](https://sched.co/1YeSb) diff --git a/website/content/ja/events/_index.md b/website/content/ja/events/_index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..08a6ca70 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/events/_index.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +--- +title: Events +linkTitle: Events +list_pages: true +menu: + main: + weight: 30 +description: Events at which TAG Environmental Sustainability is present +--- diff --git a/website/content/ja/glossary/index.md b/website/content/ja/glossary/index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d12847c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/glossary/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +--- +title: Environmental Sustainability Glossary +linkTitle: Glossary +list_pages: true +menu: + main: + weight: 30 +description: This glossary aims to define the wording used within our Technical Advisory Group (TAG) for environmental sustainability. It doesn't claim to be holistically complete and therefore provides additional resources where needed. +--- + +> This glossary is also a living artifact that changes and is edited over time. + +## C + +### **Carbon or Carbon Dioxide (CO2)** + +Carbon Dioxide commonly just named carbon is a colorless, odorless gas, that is released from burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas. +CO2 emissions are fundamentally a natural process, but one that has been exacerbated by the burning of natural resources for energy production or logistics to such an extent that it is now a major factor in climate change. Depending on how the supply chain of hardware (e.g. computer chips, cables etc.) and software (e.g. digital services like cloud computing, file sharing etc.) production/services is structured, CO2 gets emitted. + +### **Carbon Diet** + +Actions to reduce the output of CO2 to reduce the impact on the environment. + +### **Carbon Footprint** + +Is the total amount of greenhouse gasses, often carbon dioxide, that a person, family, company, organization, or building (like a data center) releases to the environment. +This includes the release of GHG through direct use (e.g. the energy consumption of a data center) and indirect use (e.g. the energy required to produce servers). + +### **Climate or Carbon Neutrality** + +Often used by organizations and companies to express that they equalize the cause of carbon pollution they generate. +This typically happens by buying negative carbon emissions from organizations that really saved carbon or are net-zero or even reduce more carbon than they produce. +However, it is important to understand that this is only a compensation and does not have to imply a new product development leading to more sustainability. Please also read about the term "Net Zero" as both terms are often mixed or misleadingly used. + +## E + +### **Eco-Efficiency** + +Goods and services that use fewer resources and create less waste and pollution. + +### **Embodied (Carbon) Emissions** + +Embodied (sometimes substituted with the word Embedded) Carbon Emissions are all emissions caused during a good's production. +That can include anything from transportation, storage, heating, the production of other goods to finish this good and so on. + +### **Emissions** + +This is an umbrella term that usually is used to refer to gasses, but can also include other factors such as micro-particles. Emissions are categorized into three scopes: +Scope 1: direct emissions: for example the CO2 output of the vehicles owned by the company +Scope 2: indirect emissions: for example the power consumption of a data center, that causes emissions by the production of electricity +Scope 3: indirect emissions, that not directly can be changed: for example delivery chain caused CO2 pollution + +### **Environmental Sustainability** + +Sustainability is the concept of a social, economical and environmental activity that, in simple terms, leaves the ecosystem as it found it. +Environmental sustainability focuses on the ecological impact of our doings and how we can improve our actions to reduce or eliminate our negative impact on nature, earth, and finally humanity. + +## G + +### **Green House Gas (GHG)** + +Any kind of gasses caused by nature or human activities that trap heat in the atmosphere. GHG includes carbon dioxide, methane, ozone and others. +These gasses are called greenhouse gas because they have the same effect as a greenhouse: the sunlight can enter the house and part is reflected back, but it can‘t leave the greenhouse fully because the roof prevents the heat from escaping. +This causes the inside of a greenhouse to get hotter and hotter, the same as what is going on with the earth. See also: Emissions. + +## N + +### **Net Zero** + +This phrase stands for zero-carbon emissions, in that anyone (including companies) using this term must store or neutralize the same amount of carbon as that consumed. + +## O + +### **Operational Carbon Emission** + +This refers to the quantity of carbon emitted during the phase where something is in use. Typical examples are when buildings like data centers are in use, or (if measurable) this may also refer to smaller elements in that datacenter, such as when a server is powered on. +Per definition, operational carbon emissions include the usage, management and maintenance. + +## P + +### **Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)** + +The PUE describes how efficiently a data center uses energy. It defines how much energy is used by the computing equipment vs the overall power consumption of the data center. +An ideal PUE is 1.0. It is also a global standard under the ISO/IEC 30134-2:2016. + +PUE is calculated either through: +Total Facility Energy / IT Equipment Energy +1 + Non-IT Facility Energy / IT Equipment Energy + +## S + +### **Server Idle Energy Coefficiency (SIEC)** + +Developed by the research project LEAP and is done by measuring the server energy consumption. What is relevant here is the continuous energy consumption of the server VS. the actually required energy by the chip. +This mainly depends on the configuration or modus of the server power management. Very simplified, it's the SIEC calculated by the energy wasted during idle time decided by the energy consumption in total. +The higher the number (given as %) the worse it is. + +## Abbreviations + +GHG - Green House Gas + +PUE - Power Usage Effectiveness + +SIEC - Server Idle Energy Coefficiency + +## Additional Resources + +* [1] Glossary of Climate Change - +* [2] Climate Change Vocabulary - diff --git a/website/content/ja/landscape/index.md b/website/content/ja/landscape/index.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a03870fe --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/landscape/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,501 @@ +--- +title: Cloud Native Sustainability Landscape +linkTitle: Landscape +description: This captures the known and ongoing sustainability efforts within the cloud native landscape as well as identifies challenge areas. +toc_hide: true +exclude_search: true +menu: + main: + weight: 30 +slug: landscape +aliases: +- /about/landscape + +--- + + +*This document was published on 23.06. We are aware that this document contains gaps that will be addressed in future releases. Contributions are very welcome!* + +All relevant wordings can be found explained here in the [glossary](https://tag-env-sustainability.cncf.io/glossary/). If you are missing something, feel free to submit a PR to include it. + +## Summary + +[Read the Korean translation of this document here](/ko/landscape/). + +Cloud computing has revolutionized the way we store and process data, enabling organizations to be more agile, efficient, and scalable. +However, as companies transform their business models to meet sustainability requirements, concerns about environmental sustainability in cloud computing have also emerged. +The carbon footprint of cloud computing has become a topic of discussion, as it indirectly causes enormous amounts of emissions due to its energy consumption. +As a result, it has become imperative to quantify and reduce carbon emissions associated with cloud computing to mitigate the impact on the environment. + +Quantifying operational carbon emissions is not as simple as deploying tooling for visibility and accountability. +This is particularly true for cloud computing, as there are multiple hardware components enclosed in a server, different generations/architecture/vendors of hardware in cloud Infrastructure, dependencies of the services, services running in virtualized/containerized environments, separate fan/cooling controller in the server, missing data, telemetry & observability, AI/ML workloads, and confidential workloads. +These challenges make it difficult to accurately measure carbon emissions associated with cloud computing. + +In this white paper, we explore the challenges associated with carbon and energy accounting in cloud computing and provide insights into the complexities of quantifying carbon emissions in public and private clouds. +Furthermore, the paper explores sector-specific challenges, such as the telecommunications industry. + +## Table of Contents + +- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) +- [Contributors](#contributors) +- [Foundations of Sustainable Cloud Systems](#foundations-of-sustainable-cloud-systems) + - [Carbon Emissions of the Cloud](#carbon-emissions-of-the-cloud) + - [Green Computing](#green-computing) + - [Carbon/Energy Accounting](#carbonenergy-accounting) +- [Challenges of Sustainable Cloud Systems](#challenges-of-sustainable-cloud-systems) +- [Challenges of Carbon/Energy Accounting](#challenges-of-carbonenergy-accounting) + - [Quantifying Operational Carbon Emission](#quantifying-operational-carbon-emission) + - [Clouds](#clouds) + - [Challenges in the Public Cloud](#challenges-in-the-public-cloud) + - [Users of Cloud Service Providers](#users-of-cloud-service-providers) + - [Challenges in the Private Clouds](#challenges-in-the-private-clouds) + - [Sector Specific Challenges](#sector-specific-challenges) + - [Telco](#telco) + - [Finance](#finance) + - [Workload Specific Challenges](#workload-specific-challenges) + - [AI/ML](#aiml) +- [Layers of the solutions](#layers-of-the-solutions) +- [Current Industry Research and Development](#current-industry-research-and-development) + - [Runtime System Power Measurement](#runtime-system-power-measurement) + - [Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction](#energy-conservation-and-carbon-reduction) + - [Tuning, Scaling, and Configuration](#tuning-scaling-and-configuration) + - [Green System Architecture](#green-system-architecture) +- [Current Sustainable Cloud Computing Landscape](#current-sustainable-cloud-computing-landscape) + - [Data centers](#data-centers) + - [Smart Data Centers](#smart-data-centers) + - [Cooling / BMC](#cooling--bmc) + - [Methodologies](#methodologies) + - [Measurement Methodologies](#measurement-methodologies) + - [Observability Methodologies](#observability-methodologies) + - [Observability Tooling](#observability-tooling) + - [Infrastructure Tooling](#infrastructure-tooling) + - [Scheduling At The Cluster Level](#scheduling-at-the-cluster-level) + - [Scaling](#scaling) + - [On-Node Power Management Tuning](#on-node-power-management-tuning) +- [Sustainability Initiatives](#sustainability-initiatives) + - [Organizations](#organizations) + - [Conferences](#conferences) + - [Carbon Emissions Reports](#carbon-emissions-reports) + - [Net Zero / Carbon Neutrality](#net-zero--carbon-neutrality) + - [Programming Language Efficiency Analysis](#programming-language-efficiency-analysis) + +## Contributors + +A special thank you to our contributors of this document. If you are interested in improving and enhancing the content, please file a PR on the repo and ensure you add yourself as a contributor below! + + +Huamin Chen, [Marlow Weston](https://github.com/catblade), [Niki Manoledaki](https://github.com/nikimanoledaki), Eun Kyung Lee, [Chen Wang](https://github.com/wangchen615), [Chris Lloyd-Jones](https://github.com/Sealjay), +[Parul Singh](https://github.com/husky-parul), [Przemysław Perycz](https://github.com/pperycz), [Christopher Cantalupo](https://github.com/cmcantalupo), [Patricia Cahill](https://github.com/patricia-cahill), [Jochen Joswig](https://github.com/by-d-sign), [Emily Fox](https://github.com/thefoxatwork), [Leonard Pahlke](https://github.com/leonardpahlke) + +## Foundations of Sustainable Cloud Systems + +Sustainable cloud and cloud native systems may only be constructed when three foundations exist. +These foundations form the basis of informed design, decision-making, and accountability in cloud and cloud native architectures. + +### Carbon Emissions of the Cloud + +The carbon emissions of Information and Communication Technology (short: ICT) systems are categorized as and composed of: + +- **operational emissions**: the amount of carbon emitted during the operational or in-use phase of an ICT system. +These emissions are mostly due to burning of fossil fuels to generate the electricity required by these systems. +- **embodied emissions**: the amount of carbon emitted during the creation and disposal the hardware (short: HW) and physical components of an ICT system (e.g.: devices, servers, cables, buildings, etc.). +Embodied emissions are also referred to as embedded emissions. + +Cloud and cloud native systems are no exception to the foundation of carbon emissions to ensure environmentally sustainable computing as they are firmly under the umbrella of ICT systems. + +### Green Computing + +Green computing refers to the architecture and design of software and systems that monitor and optimize resource consumption, reduce environmental impact, and improve sustainability, while providing useful services to its users and stakeholders. + +### Carbon/Energy Accounting + +Carbon and energy accounting refers to systems, services, and methodologies to track and account for carbon and energy consumption. + +## Challenges of Sustainable Cloud Systems + +The challenges associated with building and maintaining sustainable cloud systems are still being uncovered with green computing and carbon and energy accounting as two rapidly developing fields with interest from a variety of industry sectors. +We anticipate more challenges *and* solutions to be uncovered as more adoption and maturity of these technologies increases. However, the below section attempts to capture current challenges across the foundations. +A popular standard for Carbon Accounting is the [Greenhouse Gas Protocol](https://ghgprotocol.org/) (short: GHG protocol, GHGP). + +## Challenges of Carbon/Energy Accounting + +### Quantifying Operational Carbon Emission + +Observability in the performance of cloud native workloads has grown in popularity as organizations learn the value in various telemetry data points for increased visibility and understanding of how their architectures are operating. +As more organizations begin to consider how to reach similar value in the resource utilization and energy consumption, they're learning that quantifying the operational carbon emission is not as simple as deploying tooling for visibility and accountability. +Quantifying the operational carbon emission is not trivial for a number of reasons, not limited to the following: + +* Multiple Hardware (HW) components enclosed in a server - power modeling is required for various HW components (e.g., CPU, Memory, GPU, Storage, I/O) for accurate quantification/estimation. +* HW is used by multiple users/accounts simultaneously – power modeling per different user (e.g., multiple software thread(s)) is a totally different problem for modeling. +A important issue to understand here is [Energy Proportionality](https://learn.greensoftware.foundation/energy-efficiency#energy-proportionality). +The SW/HW interaction should be well-understood for power modeling. +* Different generations/architecture/vendors of HW in cloud Infrastructure - power modeling is required for different generations/architecture/vendors for example, Intel vs. AMD vs. ARM, Skylake vs. Sapphire Rapids, and ConnectX-5 vs. ConnectX-6. +* Dependencies of the services - a service may use different services. (e.g., Kubernetes uses COS service), applications may be distributed across data centers and clouds. +* Services running in virtualized/containerized environments - power modeling is required for virtualized/containerized environments, which increases the complexity of modeling +* Separate fan/cooling controller in the server – The fan and other cooling components are often controlled by a separate controller, which requires additional modeling. +* Missing data – due to the limitation of exposing internal data in the cloud, accessing the key data to calculate the operation emission is prohibited. On-premise (On-prem) data centers are sometimes lacking power measurement technology. +* Telemetry & observability – a user often uses multiple HW at the same time, reliable and high-granularity telemetry becomes more important. However, telemetry/observability overhead should be low relative to the services being executed on the server/cloud. +* AI/ML workloads – dramatic increase in using Artificial Intelligence (AI)/ Machine Learning (ML) workload leads to the strong need of dedicated GPU-based clusters. The characteristics of such workloads are different than traditional workloads and their power consumptions are significantly higher. +* Confidential workloads - evolve from VM use case to confidential container (SGX/SEV/TDX), the TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) +and the usage of bounce buffer/SWIOTLB might cost more energy. However, the confidential workload is hard to be observed due to +security concerns. + +Quantifying embedded carbon emissions is also very challenging as manufacturing details (embodied emissions) are not being incorporated into information for holistic quantification by consumers of manufactured technology. +This is out of the scope of this white paper, however this TAG encourages interested readers to suggest guidance, best practices, methods, and mechanisms to quantify these emissions by filing an issue or pull request on our [repository](https://github.com/cncf/tag-env-sustainability). + + +### Clouds + +#### Challenges in the Public Cloud + +Public cloud providers, such as AWS, Azure, and GCP are often quite restrictive with consumption and emission data, as the providers limit decisions users can make with regard to accessing sustainability-related metrics. +Sustainability-related metrics include data points such as the energy consumption, hardware, electricity source, data center PUE, etc. + +Providers do try to keep their day-to-day costs, energy usage, and emissions down, but the functionality exposed to users to can be quite limited. +This is likely due in part to the shared responsibility model upon which cloud computing is designed - abstracting the operational complexity organizations would otherwise be responsible for in running their own data centers. + +Additionally, the quantification challenges previously identified also contribute heavily to further difficulties in accounting for carbon costs by specific users, as the carbon accounting can take much longer than users have to connect to individual types of jobs. +The hyperscalers mentioned above offer insight into the carbon emissions of cloud resources through carbon dashboards or APIs. +Yet, these can be quite limited and/or have a considerable time lag for the carbon emission data to become available within an acceptable time window for users to take action on. +In addition, the methodologies used to calculate carbon emissions can vary between cloud providers, reducing a user's ability to compare between providers. +How this information is measured or estimated is often obtuse, inconsistent, and without industry consensus. +As with most emerging technology areas, the variance in underlying implementations will continue until industry centers around a collective schema or framework for both measuring and expressing those measurements. + +##### Users of Cloud Service Providers + +Users are often unaware and inexperienced in how their workloads effect their organization's carbon footprint. +Those that do care about their environmental impact have a hard time connecting their individual workloads to their carbon costs. + +#### Challenges in the Private Clouds + +These are clouds run by particular companies or universities for use of the members of those companies or universities. +These clouds are often more trusting environments, as the users are accountable to the administrators or management of the cloud they are running their workloads on. +Due to the special-purposes of private clouds, environmental sustainability, green computing, and accountability of emissions are not in the forefront of design, operation, or even expense, thus contributing to further challenges unique to private cloud. +These are still yet unknown. + +### Sector Specific Challenges + +#### Telco + +Telecommunications (Telco) customers are often demanding due to their unique needs in providing high reliability and high velocity service to their customers. +Telco needs their systems to be extremely stable, and the traffic to be fast and reliable. +Some systems are left entirely at full-power because power modulation can affect traffic and the tolerance for this is low. +Building systems that reduce power that Telco is confident will not affect their traffic is challenging. + +#### Finance + +Finance may have simulations being run, in the off-hours, and those will look like an AI/ML workload. +However, for transactions and fast-traffic, finance has predictable times of day of use-when the markets are up. +For this reason, time-of-day adjustments on the majority of the clusters run by finance can be limited. +However, transaction times do affect real dollars, so being fast will be prioritized in these environments over power use. +In order to get this set of customers to use sustainable options, care must be taken to limit the impact to their bottom line. +Additional, high-security and regulatory requirements can increase the utilization and emissions from finance workloads as a result of increased logging, monitoring, and other factors. + +### Workload Specific Challenges + +#### AI/ML + +In addition to the challenges identified above, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) workloads exist either as schedulable compute at a cloud service provider or within a bare metal environment. +In either case, AI/Ml clusters often have the added complexity of XPUs, or accelerators. +These accelerators take significant amounts of power to run, more by an order of magnitude required from regular computer chips. +Additionally, some of the workloads on these clusters are not time-sensitive, for instance training sets of information, and some are time-sensitive, for instance inference jobs for recognition systems. + +## Layers of the solutions + +When considering solutions complimentary to the three foundations of sustainable cloud systems, we can divide solution considerations into three general areas: + +1. Which data center to use, if there are multiple options available. +2. Where to place the workload once a data center is chosen. +3. How to manage the resources on the node allocated for a workload to run on. + +All of these elements can be investigated further individually. + +| Area | Goal | Efforts | +| ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | +| Multi Data Centers | Intelligently choosing which data center to schedule on according to environmental factors such as whether the region is powered by renewables, the region's Marginal Emissions Rate, Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), time of day, etc. | Cluster Management | +| Within Data Center | Scheduling effectively according to workload, availability, and urgency of workload | Power Management, K8S Scheduler Plugin | +| Within a node | Optimizing resources to handle workload specifications (which may include performance parameters) while minimizing resource consumption | Node Tuning, Pod Scaling | + +## Current Industry Research and Development + +There are a number of developments and ongoing research in the field of sustainable computing. +If you know of some that aren't captured here, we would love for you to contribute them! + +### Runtime System Power Measurement + +📗 [A summarization of topics and research up to 2016](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-time_estimation_of_system_and_sub-system_level_power_consumption) + +### Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction + +#### Tuning, Scaling, and Configuration + +At runtime, energy consumed by workloads can be reduced at HW level through DVFS-based scaling, at SW level through runtime parameter tuning and re-configuration, or at the orchestration level through scale-to-zero automation. + +### Green System Architecture + +Green HW/SW systems either improve sub-system efficiency or change the way that computation is conducted. + +For instance, programs written in [energy efficient languages](https://haslab.github.io/SAFER/scp21.pdf) or running on more [optimized runtimes](https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03275286/document) are generally "greener". + +On the other hand, architectures that address the root cause of energy waste, including idle power and data center cooling, are evaluated to be more environmentally friendly. +For instance, Federated Learning spreads model training to devices that do not require expensive cooling is [evaluated](https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/can-federated-learning-save-the-world) to reduce carbon footprint in aggregate. + +## Current Sustainable Cloud Computing Landscape + +The diagram below illustrates the dimensions of the sustainable cloud computing landscape, which are described in detail in the following sections. + +```mermaid +%%{init: {'theme':'neutral'}}%% +flowchart TB + root{{Sustainable Cloud Computing Landscape}} -.- dc[Data centers] & methodologies[Methodologies] + root -..- infra[Infrastructure Tooling] & obs[Observability Tooling] + dc --> smart_dc[Smart Data centers] & cooling[Cooling / BMC] + methodologies --> measurement[Measurement Methodologies] & obs_methodologies[Observability Methodologies] + infra --> scheduling[Scheduling] & scaling[Scaling] & tuning[Resource Tuning] + + classDef dimensions fill:#ececff,stroke:#9572db,stroke-width:4px + class dc,methodologies,infra,obs dimensions; +``` + +### Data centers + +#### Smart Data Centers + +* ECO-Qube is a holistic management system that aims to enhance energy efficiency and cooling performance by orchestrating both hardware and software components in edge computing applications [ECO-Qube](https://www.ecoqube.org) +* [Patchwork Kilt](https://openuk.uk/patchworkkilt/) - A blueprint for sustainable data centers. +* [Open Compute Sustainability Project](https://www.opencompute.org/projects/sustainability) - Leveraging the expertise of the OCP community, we offer an open framework and resources for OCP members and data center industry – vendors, suppliers, and end users - to deploy industry best practices that promotes reusability and circularity. + +#### Cooling / BMC + +* 📰 🧊 OCP Cooling Telemetry [Improve data center cooling facility efficiency through platform power telemetry](https://www.opencompute.org/documents/ocp-wp-dcf-improve-data-center-cooling-facility-efficiency-through-platform-power-telemetryr1-0-final-update-pdf)
+Data center operators usually over provision facility capacity to ensure enough buffer to fulfill peak demand. +Over provisioning brings great pressure to data centers' total cost of ownership (TCO). +Today, the data center management stack has been widely deployed to monitor data center runtime health status and it gathered tons of data across power, temperature, and resource utilization. +These data create opportunities to optimize data center efficiency through data intelligences. +In this paper, we introduced our practices in cloud environments for using power trend prediction to improve cooling efficiency. +Meanwhile, this paper discussed some key challenges and design considerations while enabling IT platform data-driven facility control at hyperscale data center, e.g. telemetry collection, messaging mechanism, and management API. +Effective interoperability among IT devices, facility and management systems is very critical for solution deployment, and the adoption of Open Compute Project design and Redfish API easier system-level integration and reduce deployment costs over different systems and different manufacturers. +* 🧊 BMC Telemetry [Exposes Baseboard Management Controller data in Prometheus format.](https://github.com/gebn/bmc_exporter) + +### Methodologies + +#### Measurement Methodologies + +* [Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Standard](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/sci) - A specification that describes how to calculate the carbon intensity of software applications. +* [Green Software Patterns](https://patterns.greensoftware.foundation/) - An online open-source database of software patterns reviewed and curated by the Green Software Foundation across a wide range of categories. +* [SCI Guidance](https://sci-guide.greensoftware.foundation) - The SCI Guidance project details various approaches on how to understand the different methodologies that are available for calculating energy, carbon intensity, embodied emissions, and functional unit values which are the core components of the SCI calculation. +* Runtime system power consumption estimate [Run-time estimation of system and sub-system level power consumption](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-time_estimation_of_system_and_sub-system_level_power_consumption) + +#### Observability Methodologies + +* 👀 Open Telemetry [High-quality, ubiquitous, and portable telemetry to enable effective observability](https://opentelemetry.io/)
+A CNCF incubating project designed to create and collect telemetry data from services and software and then forward these to a variety of analysis tools. +OpenTelemetry integrates with popular libraries and frameworks such as Spring, ASP.NET Core, Express, Quarkus, and others. + +### Observability Tooling + +The diagram below illustrates the infrastructure dimension of the sustainable cloud computing landscape. + +```mermaid +%%{init: {'theme':'neutral'}}%% +flowchart TB + root{{Observability - Sustainable Cloud Computing Landscape}} -.- obs[Observability Tooling] + + %% OBSERVABILITY + obs --> g_profiler[gProfiler] + obs --> power_api[PowerAPI\n a Python\n framework] + obs --> kepler[Kepler\n Kubernetes based\n Efficient Power\n Level Exporter] + obs --> scaphandre[Scaphandre\n Multi-platform energy consumption\n metrology agent] + obs --> green_metrics_tool[Green Metrics\n Tool] + obs --> cloud_carbon_footprint[Cloud Carbon\n Footprint] + obs --> influx_telegraf[InfluxData\n Telegraf Collector] + obs --> carbon_ql[Carbon QL] + obs --> powertop[PowerTOP] + + click g_profiler "https//docs.gprofiler.io/" "Source" + click power_api "https://github.com/powerapi-ng/" "Source" + click kepler "https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler" "Source" + click scaphandre "https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre" "Source" + click green_metrics_tool "https://docs.green-coding.berlin/" "Source" + click cloud_carbon_footprint "https://www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org/docs/" "Source" + click influx_telegraf "https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf" "Source" + click carbon_ql "https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-ql" "Source" + click powertop "https://github.com/fenrus75/powertop" "Source" + + classDef sections fill:#ececff,stroke:#9572db,stroke-width:4px + class obs sections; +``` + +* 👀 gProfiler [OS code profiling tool to visualize applications' execution sequences and resource usage down to the line of code level](https://docs.gprofiler.io/)
+gProfiler, is a free, self-service, and open source, enabling businesses to improve application performance through continuous profiling, thereby reducing costs and minimizing carbon footprint. +Granulate users can monitor their carbon emission reduction on the gCenter dashboard, alongside cost and resource reductions, with the CO2 Savings Meter. +* 👀 PowerAPI [Python framework for building software-defined power meters](https://github.com/powerapi-ng/)
+PowerAPI is a middleware toolkit for building software-defined power meters. +Software-defined power meters are configurable software libraries that can estimate the power consumption of software in real time. +PowerAPI supports the acquisition of raw metrics from a wide diversity of sensors (eg., physical meters, processor interfaces, hardware counters, OS counters) and the delivery of power consumptions via different channels (including file system, network, web, graphical). +As a middleware toolkit, PowerAPI offers the capability of assembling power meters «à la carte» to accommodate user requirements. +* 👀 [Kubernetes-based Efficient Power Level Exporter:](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler)
+Kepler leverages eBPF programs to probe per-container energy consumption related to system counters and exports them as Prometheus metrics. +These metrics help end users monitor their containers’ energy consumption and help cluster administrators make intelligent decisions toward achieving their energy conservation goals. +The [Kepler Model Server](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/kepler-model-server) is an internal program that provides Kepler with ML models for estimating power consumption on Kubernetes workloads. +The Kepler Model Server pre-trains its models with node energy statistics (labels) and node performance counters (features) as Prometheus metrics on a variety of different Kubernetes clusters and workloads. +Once the models achieve an acceptable performance level, Kepler Model Server exports them via flask routes and Kepler can then access them to calculate per-pod energy consumption metrics given per-pod performance counters. +Unlike other similar projects, the Kepler Model Server also continuously trains and tunes its pre-trained models using node data scraped by Kepler’s Power Estimate Agents from client clusters. +This gives Kepler the ability to further adapt its pod energy consumption calculation capabilities to serve clients’ unique systems. +* 👀 Scaphandre [Scaphandre](https://github.com/hubblo-org/scaphandre)
+Scaphandre is a multi-platform monitoring agent, dedicated to power usage / energy consumption metrics and other useful data for reducing ICT software impacts. +* 👀 Green Metrics Tool [A holistic framework to measure the energy / co2 of your application.](https://docs.green-coding.berlin/) +* 👀 [InfluxData Telegraf Collector](https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf) - an open source, plugin-based agent for collecting, processing, aggregating, and writing metrics. +Includes multiple input plugins that help determine energy consumption, e.g. [intel_powerstat](https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/tree/master/plugins/inputs/intel_powerstat) (exposes CPU & DRAM power consumption, CPU temperature, TDP, CPU and uncore frequencies, C-State residencies), [ipmi_sensor](https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/tree/master/plugins/inputs/ipmi_sensor) (exposes IPMI sensor data), [redfish](https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/tree/master/plugins/inputs/redfish) (exposes CPU temperature, fan speed, power supply and voltage data as exposed by [DMTF Redfish](https://redfish.dmtf.org/) interfaces), and a high number of plugins that help determine the utilization of individual resources that in turn help identifying where the power is consumed. +A rich set of available output plugins makes it easy to integrate with various metrics destinations. +* 👀 [Carbon QL](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-ql) - The intent of this project is to build a single API codenamed carbonQL that you can use to measure your software emissions for every runtime environment. +* 👀 [Cloud Carbon Footprint](https://www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org/docs/)
+This application pulls usage data (compute, storage, networking, etc.) from major cloud providers and calculates estimated energy (Watt-Hours) and greenhouse gas emissions expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents (metric tons CO2e). +We display these visualizations in a dashboard for developers, sustainability leaders and other stakeholders in an organization to view and take action. It currently supports AWS, Google Cloud and Microsoft Azure. +* 👀 [PowerTOP](https://github.com/fenrus75/powertop) - a Linux tool, which among other things allows you to monitor the power consumption per process running on the Linux machine. +* 📗 OSTI [Paper] [Metrics for Evaluating Energy Saving Techniques for Resilient HPC Systems](https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1140455) +* 📗 [Carbon Aware SDK](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-aware-sdk): The Carbon Aware SDK is a WebApi and Command Line Interface (CLI) to assist in building carbon aware software. + +### Infrastructure Tooling + +The diagram below illustrates the infrastructure dimension of the sustainable cloud computing landscape. + +```mermaid +%%{init: {'theme':'neutral'}}%% +flowchart TB + root{{Infrastructure - Sustainable Cloud Computing Landscape}} -.- scheduling[Scheduling] & scaling[Scaling] & tuning[Resource Tuning] + + %% SCHEDULING + scheduling --> plat_aware_scheduling[Platform aware\n scheduling] + scheduling --> intent_driven_orch[Intend driven\n orchestration] + + click plat_aware_scheduling "https://github.com/intel/platform-aware-scheduling/tree/master/telemetry-aware-scheduling/docs/power" "Source" + click intent_driven_orch "https://github.com/intel/intent-driven-orchestration" "Source" + + %% SCALING + scaling --> predictive_vpa[Predictive Vertical\n Pod Autoscaler] + scaling --> clever[Container Level Energy \n efficient VPA Recommender] + scaling --> keda[Kubernetes Event\n driven Autoscaling] + + click predictive_vpa "https://github.com/openshift/predictive-vpa-recommenders" "Source" + click clever "https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/clever" "Source" + click keda "https://keda.sh/" "Source" + + %% RESOURCE TUNING + tuning --> tuned_on_ocp[Node tuning\n via TuneD on OCP] + tuning --> k8s_power_manager[Kubernetes\n Power Manager] + tuning --> geopm[Extensible\n Power Manager] + + click tuned_on_ocp "https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/4.10/scalability_and_performance/using-node-tuning-operator.html" "Source" + click k8s_power_manager "https://github.com/intel/kubernetes-power-manager" "Source" + click geopm "https://geopm.github.io" "Source" + + classDef sections fill:#ececff,stroke:#9572db,stroke-width:4px + class scheduling,scaling,tuning sections; +``` + +#### Scheduling At The Cluster Level + +At the cluster-level scheduling phase, energy to be consumed by the workload can be reduced by intelligent schedulers that are aware of carbon footprint in a data center, thermal temperature and cooling, caching aware, or server power efficiency. +Batch scheduling according to power costs (carbon, money, et cetera). + +* 🚆 Power Driven Scheduling and Scaling with CPU telemetry in K8s [Power Driven Scheduling and Scaling with CPU telemetry in Kubernetes](https://github.com/intel/platform-aware-scheduling/tree/master/telemetry-aware-scheduling/docs/power)
+Telemetry Aware Scheduling, a scheduling extension, and the Kubernetes native Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) are used to enable cluster automation based on real-time information about the current state of power usage on the node. +The power metrics used to drive placement and scaling decisions derive from Intel's Running Average Power Limit (RAPL). [collectd](https://collectd.org/) is used to gather the metrics and expose them to Prometheus which makes them available inside the cluster using the Prometheus Adapter. +* 🚆 [Intent Driven Orchestration](https://github.com/intel/intent-driven-orchestration)
+This grants a new way to do orchestration by moving from an imperative model to an intent driven model for choosing workload placement. +In this model, the user expresses their intents in the form of objectives (e.g. as required latency, throughput, or reliability targets) and the orchestration stack itself determines what resources in the infrastructure are required to fulfill the objectives. +This new approach will continue to benefit from community investments in scheduling (determining when & where to place workloads) and be augmented with a continuous running planning loop determining what/how to configure in the system. +There is already preliminary work being done to leverage this in a power-optimal usage environment. +* 📗 Carbon-aware Kubernetes scheduler [A Low Carbon Kubernetes Scheduler](http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2382/ICT4S2019_paper_28.pdf) + +* 📗 Energy aware scheduling [Paper] [Improving Data Center Efficiency Through Holistic Scheduling In Kubernetes](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333062266_Improving_Data_Center_Efficiency_Through_Holistic_Scheduling_In_Kubernetes) + +#### Scaling + +* 🚤 Predictive VPA [Predictive Vertical Pod Autoscaler (VPA) recommenders pluggable with the default VPA on OpenShift](https://github.com/openshift/predictive-vpa-recommenders) +* 🚤 CLEVER [Container Level Energy-efficient VPA Recommender for Kubernetes](https://github.com/sustainable-computing-io/clever):
+Vertical Pod Autoscalers in Kubernetes allow for automatic CPU and memory request and limit adjustment based on historical resource usage measurements. +A VPA deployment has three main components: VPA Recommender, VPA Updater, and VPA Admission Controller. +It is possible to replace the default VPA Recommender with a custom Recommender. +CLEVER, an intelligent recommender, uses this feature to ensure the QoS or performance of the workloads are not compromised when you try to adjust the CPU frequencies of your cluster. +Here’s how it works: assume you have a frequency tuner deployed in your cluster to update the frequency of the CPUs frequencies as per a target metrics or energy consumption budget. +Intuitively, when you lower down the frequencies, you do save energy but the performance of workloads also decreases. +To counter this you can obtain information like ClusterState and CPU frequencies for the nodes after the frequencies were changed. +CLEVER recomputes the new recommendation for CPU requests for pods managed by the VPA based on the updated CPU frequencies. +That’s how CLEVER guarantees a similar QoS for a workload by lowering the frequencies to reduce energy but at the same time increasing CPU allocation. +* 🚤 [KEDA](https://keda.sh/): Kubernetes Event-driven Autoscaling enables scale-to-zero platforms. + +#### On-Node Power Management Tuning + +Once the region and node are chosen, administrators and users can further tune the node to minimize the amount of power necessary to run workloads. +This can reduce power 30% or more per node. + +* 🎵 Node tuning via TuneD on OCP [Manage node-level tuning by orchestrating the tuned daemon](https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/4.10/scalability_and_performance/using-node-tuning-operator.html)
+The Node Tuning Operator helps you manage node-level tuning by orchestrating the TuneD daemon. +The majority of high-performance applications require some level of kernel tuning. The Node Tuning Operator provides a unified management interface to users of node-level sysctl's and more flexibility to add custom tuning specified by user needs. +* 🎵 Kubernetes Power Manager [Kubernetes Operator designed to expose and utilize Intel specific power management technologies in a Kubernetes Environment](https://github.com/intel/kubernetes-power-manager)
+The allocation of CPU resources from a pool of platforms in a container orchestration engine like Kubernetes (K8s) is exclusively based on availability. +In order to expose and use power management technologies in a Kubernetes context, the Kubernetes Power Manager is a Kubernetes operator created using the Operator SDK. +The Kubernetes Power Manager makes use of a powerful set of power management technologies that give users more precise control over CPU performance and power usage on a per-core basis. +Yet, Kubernetes is purposefully built to operate as an abstraction layer between the workload and such hardware capabilities as a workload orchestrator. +Users of Kubernetes who are running performance-critical applications with particular requirements that depend on hardware capabilities have a hurdle as a result of this. +By enabling the user to adjust the frequencies and determine the priority level of the cores selected by the Kubernetes Native CPU Manager, the Kubernetes Power Manager fills the gap between the hardware feature enablement and the container orchestration layer. +It has been proven to work with TuneD as well to allow TuneD profiles to bem used to control the power on the nodes according to various frequency tunings. +* 🎵 GEOPM [Extensible Power Manager](https://geopm.github.io):
+Initially specific to HPC environments, but now more generalized, the Global Extensible Open Power Manager (GEOPM) is a framework for exploring power and energy optimizations on heterogeneous platforms.
+The GEOPM software is split into two packages: The GEOPM Service and the GEOPM Runtime. The GEOPM Service provides user-space access to low-level hardware metrics and configuration knobs. The GEOPM Runtime leverages the GEOPM Service to tune hardware settings in reaction to hardware metrics and application feedback. The application feedback is collected through lightweight asynchronous profiling hooks injected with callbacks into middle-ware packages.
+The GEOPM Runtime has a plugin architecture for selecting between optimization algorithms. Some of the built-in algorithms target energy efficiency, and others optimize performance within a power bound. +The port of GEOPM to Kubernetes is ongoing. There is an [experimental branch](https://github.com/geopm/geopm/tree/cloud#experimental-branch) called ``cloud`` with implementations of new features that support Kubernetes. These features will be migrated into the main ``dev`` branch as they each become production ready.
+Additional documentation may be found in the [service readme file](https://github.com/geopm/geopm/tree/cloud/service#kubernetes-support) and in the [runtime k8 directory](https://github.com/geopm/geopm/tree/cloud/k8). + + + +## Sustainability Initiatives + +There are a number of sustainability initiatives ongoing, if we've missed one please contribute to this list by filing a pull request! + +### Organizations + +* 🐝 Green Software Foundation [Building a trusted ecosystem of people, standards, tooling and best practices for green software](https://greensoftware.foundation/)
+ The Green Software Foundation (GSF) exists to change how we build software, [so there are zero harmful environmental effects](https://greensoftware.foundation/articles/theory-of-change), a foundation with over 42 member organizations. + Key pillars are Knowledge, Tech Culture, and Tooling; which are delivered through a [standards working group](https://standards.greensoftware.foundation/), an [open source working group](https://opensource.greensoftware.foundation/), a [community working group](https://community.greensoftware.foundation/), and a [policy working group](https://policy.greensoftware.foundation/).
+ The GSF has created a [software carbon intensity (SCI)](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/software_carbon_intensity) standard, which has been submitted to ISO (International Standards Organisation) for ratification, to ensure we measure carbon consistently. This standard is being implemented in code through the [Carbon Aware SDK](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-aware-sdk) (a tool to do more when the energy grid is green, and less when it is dirty), the [Carbon Pipeline](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/Carbon_CI_Pipeline_Tooling) (measuring carbon in the CI/CD process, and [CarbonQL](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-ql) - a standardized API for measuring carbon according to the SCI standard. +* 🐝 [LF Energy](https://www.lfenergy.org/)
+ LF Energy is an open source foundation focused on the power systems sector, hosted within The Linux Foundation. LF Energy provides a neutral, collaborative community to build the shared digital investments that will transform the world’s relationship to energy. This organization contains the repositories for the core LF Energy Foundation and many of the hosted projects and working groups. Their landscape can be found [here](https://landscape.lfenergy.org/). +* 🐝 Energy Efficient High Performance Computing Working Group [Encourages implementation of energy conservation measures, energy efficient design in high performance computing (HPC)](https://eehpcwg.llnl.gov/)
+ Mission is to encourage the implementation of energy conservation measures, energy efficient design in high performance computing (HPC), and + share ideas. Can find an extensive collection of papers [here](https://datacenters.lbl.gov/resources?field_focus_areas_tid) that can be + extrapolated from in terms of patterns to be lifted into the cloud native landscape. +* 🐝 [Green Software Training](https://learn.greensoftware.foundation/)
+ This initiative will teach you how to build, maintain and run greener applications irrespective of the application domain, industry, organization size or type, programming language, or framework; leading to a [Green Software Certification](https://training.linuxfoundation.org/training/green-software-for-practitioners-lfc131/) backed by the Linux Foundation. +* 🐝 [Cloud Carbon Footprint](https://www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org/)
+ Get to know the carbon footprint of your cloud usage - and reduce it.
+Cloud Carbon Footprint is an open source tool that provides visibility and tooling to measure, monitor and reduce your cloud carbon emissions. We use best practice methodologies to convert cloud utilization into estimated energy usage and carbon emissions, producing metrics and carbon savings estimates that can be shared with employees, investors, and other stakeholders. +* 🐝 [Open Compute Project](https://www.opencompute.org/projects/heat-reuse)
+ Almost 100% of the energy used in a processor turns into heat. Up until very recently this has been a liability and a challenge: an immense quantity of heat to be removed which requires a significant additional energy expenditure. With the proper design, data center cooling systems can be converted into a heat source and a heat management opportunity that in turn converts the heat from a liability to an asset. The OCP Heat Reuse subgroup explores these challenges and opportunities. Its goal is to suggest solutions to enable implementations of technologies designed to harness the heat to turn cost into profit.``` + +### Conferences + +* 🐝 Linux Foundation's SustainabilityCon [The first sustainability-focused track by the Linux Foundation](https://events.linuxfoundation.org/open-source-summit-north-america/about/sustainabilitycon/) +* 🐝 [EnviroInfo](https://www.enviroinfo2023.eu/): EnviroInfo 2023 is the 37th edition of the long-standing and well-established international and interdisciplinary conference series on leading environmental information and communication technologies. + +### Carbon Emissions Reports + +* 📄 IEA [Emissions - Global Energy and CO2 Status Report 2019](https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-co2-status-report-2019/emissions) +* 📄 European Environment Agency [EU Greenhouse Emission Intensity](https://www.eea.europa.eu/ims/greenhouse-gas-emission-intensity-of-1) +* 📄 electricityMap's [real-time CO2 emission data](https://app.electricitymap.org) +* [SCI Reporting](https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/sci-reporting) - Creating the infrastructure, and processes to store, host, and publicly report SCI scores, and other related reporting requirements within the SCI specification. +* 📄 WattTime API [Provides insight into a electricity grid’s marginal emissions rate](https://docs.watttime.org/#tag/Introduction) + +### Net Zero / Carbon Neutrality + +* 🥬 The Climate Pledge [Net-Zero Carbon by 2040](https://www.theclimatepledge.com/) +* 🥬 WeTransfer [WeTransfer becomes Climate Neutral](https://wetransfer.com/blog/story/breaking-the-climate-neutral-barrier/) + +* 🥬 Adrian Cockroft, ex-Amazon VP of Sustainability Architecture ["Cloud computing pioneer's new focus is on sustainability transformation"](https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/sustainability/cloud-computing-pioneers-new-focus-is-on-sustainability-transformation) +* 🥬 Supercritical [Helping businesses achieve net zero](https://gosupercritical.com/) + +### Programming Language Efficiency Analysis + +* 🔌 Energy Efficiency of Languages [The complete set of tools for energy consumption analysis of programming languages, using Computer Language Benchmark Game](https://github.com/greensoftwarelab/Energy-Languages) diff --git a/website/content/ja/search.md b/website/content/ja/search.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4e0d6c3c --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ja/search.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +--- +title: 検索結果 +layout: search +toc_hide: true +--- +