[Bug] Pull requests depending on branch in dbt-adapters are not fully working

[dbeatty10]

Is this a new bug?

• I believe this is a new bug
• I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this bug

Current Behavior

It's tricky to have a PR in dbt-postgres that depends on a branch in dbt-adapters and allows all CI checks to execute.

See internal slack for initial context: https://dbt-labs.slack.com/archives/C034EV1RH4Z/p1712161174778999?thread_ts=1711994615.204219&cid=C034EV1RH4Z

Expected Behavior

There should be a mechanism with a similar effect as bc0b179 that allows for (temporarily) using a dev branch in dbt-adapters for testing purposes.

Steps To Reproduce

No response

Relevant log output

No response

Environment

- OS:
- Python:
- dbt-postgres:

Additional Context

Here's an example:

#39 needs the branch from dbt-labs/dbt-adapters#135 in order to do its testing.

[colin-rogers-dbt]

Work needed: Update pyproject.toml and hatch to load from a set of customizable dev requirement

[dbeatty10]

Here's the exact changes I needed to make: bc0b179