Git Commands

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A list of commonly used Git commands from basic to advanced

Getting & Creating Projects

Command	Description
git init	Initialize a local Git repository
git clone ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Create a local copy of a remote repository
git clone [url]	Clone a repository using HTTPS or SSH

Basic Snapshotting

Command	Description
git status	Check status
git add [file-name.txt]	Add a file to the staging area
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to the staging area
git commit -m "[commit message]"	Commit changes
git commit -am "[commit message]"	Add and commit in one step
git rm [file-name.txt]	Remove a file
git rm -r [file-name.txt]	Remove a file (or folder)
git mv [old-file-name.txt] [new-file-name.txt]	Rename a file

Branching & Merging

Command	Description
git branch	List branches (the asterisk denotes the current branch)
git branch -a	List all branches (local and remote)
git branch [branch name]	Create a new branch
git branch -d [branch name]	Delete a branch
git branch -D [branch name]	Force delete a branch
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git checkout -b [branch name]	Create a new branch and switch to it
git checkout [branch name]	Switch to a branch
git checkout -	Switch to the branch last checked out
git checkout -- [file-name.txt]	Discard changes to a file
git merge [branch name]	Merge a branch into the active branch
git merge --no-ff [branch name]	Merge a branch into the active branch with a merge commit
git stash	Stash changes in a dirty working directory
git stash list	List stashed changes
git stash apply	Apply the latest stashed changes
git stash apply stash@{n}	Apply specific stashed changes
git stash clear	Remove all stashed entries

Sharing & Updating Projects

Command	Description
git push origin [branch name]	Push a branch to your remote repository
git push -u origin [branch name]	Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)
git push	Push changes to remote repository (remembered branch)
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git pull	Update local repository to the newest commit
git pull origin [branch name]	Pull changes from remote repository
git fetch	Fetch all branches from remote repository
git fetch origin	Fetch all branches from remote repository
git remote add origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Add a remote repository
git remote set-url origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Set a repository's origin branch to SSH

Inspection & Comparison

Command	Description
git log	View changes
git log --summary	View changes (detailed)
git log --oneline	View changes (briefly)
git log --graph --oneline	View changes as a graph
git diff	Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc.
git diff [source branch] [target branch]	Preview changes before merging
git diff --staged	Show changes between staged changes and the last commit
git show [commit]	Show various objects (blobs, trees, commits, tags)
git blame [file]	Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file

Advanced Commands

Command	Description
git rebase [branch]	Reapply commits on top of another base tip
git rebase -i [commit]	Start an interactive rebase
git cherry-pick [commit]	Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits
git revert [commit]	Revert a commit by making a new commit
git reset [commit]	Reset your current branch to a specific commit
git reset --hard [commit]	Reset and discard all changes to a specific commit
git reset --soft [commit]	Reset to a specific commit, but keep changes staged
git reflog	Show a log of changes to the local repository's HEAD
git clean -f	Remove untracked files from the working tree
git clean -fd	Remove untracked files and directories
git bisect start	Start a binary search to find a commit that introduced a bug
git bisect bad	Mark the current commit as bad
git bisect good [commit]	Mark a known good commit