diff --git a/lib/utils/include/utils/containers.h b/lib/utils/include/utils/containers.h
index c75876ecf1..206a817ce8 100644
--- a/lib/utils/include/utils/containers.h
+++ b/lib/utils/include/utils/containers.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "bidict.h"
 #include "invoke.h"
 #include "optional.h"
+#include "type_traits.h"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <functional>
@@ -12,7 +13,6 @@
 #include <numeric>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
@@ -509,19 +509,21 @@ std::unordered_set<Out> flatmap_v2(std::unordered_set<In> const &v,
   return result;
 }
 
-template <typename T, typename F>
-std::vector<T> sorted_by(std::unordered_set<T> const &s, F const &f) {
-  std::vector<T> result(s.begin(), s.end());
-  inplace_sorted_by(s, f);
+template <typename C, typename F, typename Elem = typename C::value_type>
+std::vector<Elem> sorted_by(C const &c, F const &f) {
+  std::vector<Elem> result(c.begin(), c.end());
+  inplace_sorted_by(c, f);
   return result;
 }
 
-template <typename T, typename F>
-void inplace_sorted_by(std::vector<T> &v, F const &f) {
-  auto custom_comparator = [&](T const &lhs, T const &rhs) -> bool {
+template <typename C, typename F, typename Elem = typename C::value_type>
+void inplace_sorted_by(C &c, F const &f) {
+  CHECK_SUPPORTS_ITERATOR_TAG(std::random_access_iterator_tag, C);
+
+  auto custom_comparator = [&](C const &lhs, C const &rhs) -> bool {
     return f(lhs, rhs);
   };
-  std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), custom_comparator);
+  std::sort(c.begin(), c.end(), custom_comparator);
 }
 
 template <typename C, typename F>
@@ -531,17 +533,6 @@ C filter(C const &v, F const &f) {
   return result;
 }
 
-template <typename T, typename F>
-std::unordered_set<T> filter(std::unordered_set<T> const &v, F const &f) {
-  std::unordered_set<T> result;
-  for (T const &t : v) {
-    if (f(t)) {
-      result.insert(t);
-    }
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
 template <typename C, typename F, typename Elem = typename C::value_type>
 void inplace_filter(C &v, F const &f) {
   std::remove_if(v.begin(), v.end(), [&](Elem const &e) { return !f(e); });
diff --git a/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_map.h b/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_map.h
index 17e42ce755..bc08f44dc4 100644
--- a/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_map.h
+++ b/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_map.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef _FLEXFLOW_UTILS_STACK_MAP_H
 #define _FLEXFLOW_UTILS_STACK_MAP_H
 
+#include "containers.h"
 #include "optional.h"
 #include "stack_vector.h"
 
@@ -28,6 +29,28 @@ struct stack_map {
     }
   }
 
+  size_t size() const {
+    return this->contents.size();
+  }
+
+  bool empty() const {
+    return this->contents.empty();
+  }
+
+  friend bool operator==(stack_map const &lhs, stack_map const &rhs) {
+    if (lhs.size() != rhs.size()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return lhs.sorted() == rhs.sorted();
+  }
+
+  friend bool operator!=(stack_map const &lhs, stack_map const &rhs) {
+    if (lhs.size() != rhs.size()) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return lhs.sorted() != rhs.sorted();
+  }
+
   V &at(K const &k) {
     return this->contents.at(get_idx(k).value()).second;
   }
@@ -70,6 +93,15 @@ struct stack_map {
   }
 
 private:
+  std::vector<std::pair<K, V>> sorted() const {
+    auto comparator = [](std::pair<K, V> const &lhs,
+                         std::pair<K, V> const &rhs) {
+      return lhs.first < rhs.first;
+    };
+
+    return sorted_by(this->contents, comparator);
+  }
+
   optional<size_t> get_idx(K const &k) const {
     for (std::size_t idx = 0; idx < contents.size(); idx++) {
       if (contents.at(idx).first == k) {
@@ -82,6 +114,7 @@ struct stack_map {
 
   stack_vector<std::pair<K, V>, MAXSIZE> contents;
 };
+CHECK_WELL_BEHAVED_VALUE_TYPE_NO_HASH(stack_map<int, int, 10>);
 
 } // namespace FlexFlow
 
diff --git a/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_vector.h b/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_vector.h
index e74b9b6365..8564d8a4bf 100644
--- a/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_vector.h
+++ b/lib/utils/include/utils/stack_vector.h
@@ -259,6 +259,10 @@ struct stack_vector {
     return this->m_size;
   }
 
+  bool empty() const {
+    return (this->m_size == 0);
+  }
+
 private:
   std::size_t m_size = 0;
   std::array<optional<T>, MAXSIZE> contents;
diff --git a/lib/utils/include/utils/type_traits.h b/lib/utils/include/utils/type_traits.h
index 299856f3fc..ee44f01983 100644
--- a/lib/utils/include/utils/type_traits.h
+++ b/lib/utils/include/utils/type_traits.h
@@ -44,13 +44,6 @@ struct is_rc_copy_virtual_compliant
                                        std::is_move_assignable<T>>>,
                   std::has_virtual_destructor<T>> {};
 
-template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
-struct is_clonable : std::false_type {};
-
-template <typename T>
-struct is_clonable<T, void_t<decltype(std::declval<T>().clone())>>
-    : std::true_type {};
-
 template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
 struct is_streamable : std::false_type {};
 
@@ -120,6 +113,16 @@ struct elements_satisfy<Cond, std::tuple<>> : std::true_type {};
 static_assert(
     elements_satisfy<is_equal_comparable, std::tuple<int, float>>::value, "");
 
+template <typename C, typename Tag>
+struct supports_iterator_tag
+    : std::is_base_of<Tag,
+                      typename std::iterator_traits<
+                          typename C::iterator>::iterator_category> {};
+
+#define CHECK_SUPPORTS_ITERATOR_TAG(TAG, ...)                                  \
+  static_assert(supports_iterator_tag<__VA_ARGS__, TAG>::value,                \
+                #__VA_ARGS__ " does not support required iterator tag " #TAG);
+
 template <typename T>
 using is_default_constructible = std::is_default_constructible<T>;