diff --git a/pkg/export/otel/traces.go b/pkg/export/otel/traces.go
index ff824ab05..7587c1a23 100644
--- a/pkg/export/otel/traces.go
+++ b/pkg/export/otel/traces.go
@@ -169,6 +169,39 @@ func (tr *tracesOTELReceiver) spanDiscarded(span *request.Span) bool {
 	return span.IgnoreTraces() || span.ServiceID.ExportsOTelTraces() || !tr.acceptSpan(span)
 }
 
+func (tr *tracesOTELReceiver) processSpans(exp exporter.Traces, spans []request.Span, traceAttrs map[attr.Name]struct{}, sampler trace.Sampler) {
+	for i := range spans {
+		span := &spans[i]
+		if span.InternalSignal() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if tr.spanDiscarded(span) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		finalAttrs := traceAttributes(span, traceAttrs)
+
+		sr := sampler.ShouldSample(trace.SamplingParameters{
+			ParentContext: tr.ctx,
+			Name:          span.TraceName(),
+			TraceID:       span.TraceID,
+			Kind:          spanKind(span),
+			Attributes:    finalAttrs,
+		})
+
+		if sr.Decision == trace.Drop {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		envResourceAttrs := ResourceAttrsFromEnv(&span.ServiceID)
+		traces := GenerateTracesWithAttributes(span, tr.ctxInfo.HostID, finalAttrs, envResourceAttrs)
+		err := exp.ConsumeTraces(tr.ctx, traces)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("error sending trace to consumer", "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func (tr *tracesOTELReceiver) provideLoop() (pipe.FinalFunc[[]request.Span], error) {
 	if !tr.cfg.Enabled() {
 		return pipe.IgnoreFinal[[]request.Span](), nil
@@ -198,22 +231,10 @@ func (tr *tracesOTELReceiver) provideLoop() (pipe.FinalFunc[[]request.Span], err
 			return
 		}
 
+		sampler := tr.cfg.Sampler.Implementation()
+
 		for spans := range in {
-			for i := range spans {
-				span := &spans[i]
-				if span.InternalSignal() {
-					continue
-				}
-				if tr.spanDiscarded(span) {
-					continue
-				}
-				envResourceAttrs := ResourceAttrsFromEnv(&span.ServiceID)
-				traces := GenerateTraces(span, tr.ctxInfo.HostID, traceAttrs, envResourceAttrs)
-				err := exp.ConsumeTraces(tr.ctx, traces)
-				if err != nil {
-					slog.Error("error sending trace to consumer", "error", err)
-				}
-			}
+			tr.processSpans(exp, spans, traceAttrs, sampler)
 		}
 	}, nil
 }
@@ -384,8 +405,7 @@ func traceAppResourceAttrs(hostID string, service *svc.ID) []attribute.KeyValue
 	return attrs
 }
 
-// GenerateTraces creates a ptrace.Traces from a request.Span
-func GenerateTraces(span *request.Span, hostID string, userAttrs map[attr.Name]struct{}, envResourceAttrs []attribute.KeyValue) ptrace.Traces {
+func GenerateTracesWithAttributes(span *request.Span, hostID string, attrs []attribute.KeyValue, envResourceAttrs []attribute.KeyValue) ptrace.Traces {
 	t := span.Timings()
 	start := spanStartTime(t)
 	hasSubSpans := t.Start.After(start)
@@ -424,7 +444,6 @@ func GenerateTraces(span *request.Span, hostID string, userAttrs map[attr.Name]s
 	}
 
 	// Set span attributes
-	attrs := traceAttributes(span, userAttrs)
 	m := attrsToMap(attrs)
 	m.CopyTo(s.Attributes())
 
@@ -435,6 +454,11 @@ func GenerateTraces(span *request.Span, hostID string, userAttrs map[attr.Name]s
 	return traces
 }
 
+// GenerateTraces creates a ptrace.Traces from a request.Span
+func GenerateTraces(span *request.Span, hostID string, userAttrs map[attr.Name]struct{}, envResourceAttrs []attribute.KeyValue) ptrace.Traces {
+	return GenerateTracesWithAttributes(span, hostID, traceAttributes(span, userAttrs), envResourceAttrs)
+}
+
 // createSubSpans creates the internal spans for a request.Span
 func createSubSpans(span *request.Span, parentSpanID pcommon.SpanID, traceID pcommon.TraceID, ss *ptrace.ScopeSpans, t request.Timings) {
 	// Create a child span showing the queue time
diff --git a/pkg/export/otel/traces_test.go b/pkg/export/otel/traces_test.go
index 60e3c4fc8..ce0af2584 100644
--- a/pkg/export/otel/traces_test.go
+++ b/pkg/export/otel/traces_test.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
+	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
@@ -15,10 +16,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mariomac/pipes/pipe"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/consumer"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/pcommon"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/ptrace"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/codes"
+	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
 	semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.25.0"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 
@@ -600,6 +604,76 @@ func TestGenerateTracesAttributes(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestTraceSampling(t *testing.T) {
+	spans := []request.Span{}
+	start := time.Now()
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		span := request.Span{Type: request.EventTypeHTTP,
+			RequestStart: start.UnixNano(),
+			Start:        start.Add(time.Second).UnixNano(),
+			End:          start.Add(3 * time.Second).UnixNano(),
+			Method:       "GET",
+			Route:        "/test" + strconv.Itoa(i),
+			Status:       200,
+			ServiceID:    svc.ID{},
+			TraceID:      randomTraceID(),
+		}
+		spans = append(spans, span)
+	}
+
+	receiver := makeTracesTestReceiver([]string{"http"})
+
+	t.Run("test sample all", func(t *testing.T) {
+		sampler := sdktrace.AlwaysSample()
+		attrs := make(map[attr.Name]struct{})
+
+		tr := []ptrace.Traces{}
+
+		exporter := TestExporter{
+			collector: func(td ptrace.Traces) {
+				tr = append(tr, td)
+			},
+		}
+
+		receiver.processSpans(exporter, spans, attrs, sampler)
+		assert.Equal(t, 10, len(tr))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("test sample nothing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		sampler := sdktrace.NeverSample()
+		attrs := make(map[attr.Name]struct{})
+
+		tr := []ptrace.Traces{}
+
+		exporter := TestExporter{
+			collector: func(td ptrace.Traces) {
+				tr = append(tr, td)
+			},
+		}
+
+		receiver.processSpans(exporter, spans, attrs, sampler)
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, len(tr))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("test sample 1/10th", func(t *testing.T) {
+		sampler := sdktrace.TraceIDRatioBased(0.1)
+		attrs := make(map[attr.Name]struct{})
+
+		tr := []ptrace.Traces{}
+
+		exporter := TestExporter{
+			collector: func(td ptrace.Traces) {
+				tr = append(tr, td)
+			},
+		}
+
+		receiver.processSpans(exporter, spans, attrs, sampler)
+		// The result is likely 0,1,2 with 1/10th, but we don't want
+		// to maybe fail if it accidentally it randomly becomes 3
+		assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, 3, len(tr))
+	})
+}
+
 func TestAttrsToMap(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("test with string attribute", func(t *testing.T) {
 		attrs := []attribute.KeyValue{
@@ -1232,3 +1306,24 @@ func generateTracesForSpans(t *testing.T, tr *tracesOTELReceiver, spans []reques
 
 	return res
 }
+
+type TestExporter struct {
+	collector func(td ptrace.Traces)
+}
+
+func (e TestExporter) Start(_ context.Context, _ component.Host) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e TestExporter) Shutdown(_ context.Context) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e TestExporter) ConsumeTraces(_ context.Context, td ptrace.Traces) error {
+	e.collector(td)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e TestExporter) Capabilities() consumer.Capabilities {
+	return consumer.Capabilities{}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_arm64_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_arm64_bpfel.o
index 4d51385a0..575bcc92c 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_arm64_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_arm64_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:e65386bef45dcce6b67ab5aa3f92d04a390291df34ea98f18f9d857cadd35ebe
-size 355408
+oid sha256:a6ae04f97d30e3d9c5fce4275bcd243dabb39d91578d10145342592f8c3c8552
+size 355496
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_arm64_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
index ecef74e68..42c7a0104 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:96a91823649748c856e4b86a288a3772278ea0b1d4ffcb765ca50fe674a47093
-size 532736
+oid sha256:3cfb1226360807de420ab981791c8fffcb4ffac092035cb330933a0db8d33146
+size 532824
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_x86_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_x86_bpfel.o
index 06ac848c5..407a4ed93 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_x86_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_debug_x86_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:abf8b982af575d8e3d9ae0583af49e2cf3d12c92cd2032abc2b8bd4b0c729f2d
-size 532584
+oid sha256:261ccfe170c57dc77945151610bd1f79d73d2b2f5c13dc651a9b25a5d5233e2e
+size 532672
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_arm64_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_arm64_bpfel.o
index 110c822c9..b16a5a5fe 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_arm64_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_arm64_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:2394b1644379543bdff4b59dc77ff1d645b4392e3f4b6a3f736f5f150cecf3aa
-size 370000
+oid sha256:e2eb5aa04d474c1b07384ff3d0d4ad116c1b444b03ce47f7a6d08898132d9908
+size 370096
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_arm64_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
index f3f26cd20..9aa5d21d2 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_arm64_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:3b71cb95fa528e821b44b678ed9ad55e096ded53e8d1fc3f02409fdd32ddd83e
-size 550936
+oid sha256:9fd1e4312cada04a41c275dd2d77cd2536cc0879b0db4c037bc20ae8bd4c2977
+size 551032
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_x86_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_x86_bpfel.o
index 6f21a7f48..e72d98422 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_x86_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_debug_x86_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:56293f4f3563281134bde7d43701a0cc5490da349c6c07f057162379e9d6785c
-size 550792
+oid sha256:999dfc4bb189ad2070d0fa60f749a49e42c5fa9c46f7640a7191e743ac872bbf
+size 550880
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_x86_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_x86_bpfel.o
index 42adee408..dc7647bfc 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_x86_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_tp_x86_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:6bb240ffbc2d5e102a56d1e88c45f4665ed0de89d46b6407dba6151851809a1c
-size 369744
+oid sha256:16f05dda5a0ea3fc6bc9d4499c50df936031017f37ec605371bae620e982f951
+size 369832
diff --git a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_x86_bpfel.o b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_x86_bpfel.o
index dd0a9225a..23c597474 100644
--- a/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_x86_bpfel.o
+++ b/pkg/internal/ebpf/ktracer/bpf_x86_bpfel.o
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
-oid sha256:aadfc85ccf6ffc1ce702af4d3813f40a8d7aa73ad36c2b1db492d52bb4d1f9c8
-size 355152
+oid sha256:ddcc1954a4d5de08b9b67c617b87bbf01be920f1a05d564261da8ec050b6f7c4
+size 355248