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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!-- Basic -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>Seafeed | FAQ</title>
<meta name="keywords" content="FAQ" />
<meta name="description" content="Frequently asked questions">
<meta name="author" content="Evelyn Yu">
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<h2 class="font-weight-normal text-7 mb-2">Frequently Asked <strong class="font-weight-extra-bold">Questions</strong></h2>
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<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How do cattle produce methane?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p> A cow has 4 stomachs, and methane production takes place in the first stomach, which is known as the rumen. In the rumen, there are microbes called methanogens and they bind with vitamin B12 to digest food. However, as a byproduct, they produce a ton of methane which is belched out through the mouth. This process is called enteric fermentation.</p>
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</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How does the seaweed reduce methane emissions in from cattle?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>Asparagopsis contains a chemical called bromoform, and what bromoform does is bind to the vitamin B12 itself, so that the methanogens cannot bind to it. Without vitamin B12, these microbes cannot undergo enteric fermentation, and therefore cannot produce methane.</p>
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<a class="toggle-title">What is currently being done to reduce cattle emissions?</a>
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<p>There are companies using garlic, citric acid, herbs and even yeast to reduce methane emissions in cattle and ruminants. However, their products aren't nearly as efficient as Asparagopsis Taxiformis, only reducing emissions by up to 30%.</p>
</div>
</section>
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<a class="toggle-title">Are there any companies using Asparagopsis Taxiformis?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>Yes there are other companies like Future Feed, Symbrosia and Greener Grazing. However, these companies are facing the issue of scaling seaweed production and none have yet to reach the market.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How are we farming Asparagopsis Taxiformis?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>To farm this seaweed, we collect samples of Asparagopsis and let them culture in sterile seawater in a lab under Red UV light to simulate nutrients from the sun. Once large enough, we will tie bundles of AT seaweed to ropes in the ocean, where they will mature for 6-8 weeks. When the seaweed is matured, it will be harvested and loaded onto a boat, where it will be cleaned, freeze-dried, and powdered into a livestock additive. From there, farmers can order this product online and it will be transported to farms via truck or cargo ship.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">Where are we going to farm this seaweed?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>Since Asparagopsis is a species of tropical red algae, its native habitat is along the equator. We plan to set up a 20-hectare test farm in Northeast Florida for a year, and if we get the funding and validation to scale up, we will establish an 8,000-hectare commercial farm in Northwest Taiwan.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How much methane is being released by livestock and cattle each year?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>In total, livestock emits 284 million tonnes of methane each year, which accounts for 14.5% of all anthropogenic greenhouse gases. To compare, that's almost 94 million tanker trucks worth of gasoline! Cattle approximately release 80-140 million tonnes of methane each year, which accounts for 8-10% of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How much methane can Asparagopsis reduce in different doses?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>With a >2% inclusion in a cattle's diet, Asparagopsis Taxiformis can reduce methane emissions in enteric fermentation by over 99% and with a 1% inclusion, can reduce around 95% of emissions. Some studies are even suggesting that 0.2% inclusion can reduce methane emissions by around 90%.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">Does feeding seaweed negatively affect cattle?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p> Feeding Asparagopsis Taxiformis doesn't harm cattle in any physical way. In fact, the inclusion of Asparagopsis did not influence the tenderness, juiciness, flavor, or overall liking of the meat according to Meat Standards Australia (MSA) inspectors. No traces of seaweed or bromoform could be found in the meat, milk, kidney, fat, or feces either. <p>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">How can the seaweed increase the productivity of cattle?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>10-15% of the cow's daily energy is used to produce methane when undergoing enteric fermentation. By eliminating the process of methane creation, the remaining 10-15% of energy is used for other things like producing more meat, which increases the productivity of the cattle.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">What's the difference between Asparagopsis Taxiformis and Armata?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>Currently, Seafeed is using Asparagopsis Taxiformis to reduce methane emissions in cattle and ruminant livestock. There are two main types of Asparagopsis seaweed which are Asparagopsis Taxiformis and Asparagopsis Armata. Taxiformis thrives in tropical waters while Armata thrives in temperate waters. </p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="toggle">
<a class="toggle-title">What's the difference between a ruminant and cattle?</a>
<div class="toggle-content">
<p>Ruminants are animals that contain a rumen, which is a type of stomach. This includes cows, sheep, goats, and buffalo. Cattle are a type of ruminant that belongs to the genus, Bos. This includes cows and bulls exclusively.</p>
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