E. Formal Grammar

dml →

maybe_provisional maybe_device maybe_bitorder device_statements

maybe_provisional →

provisional ident_list ";"
| <empty>

maybe_device →

device objident ";"
| <empty>

maybe_bitorder →

<empty>
| bitorder ident ";"

device_statements →

device_statements device_statement
| <empty>

device_statement →

toplevel
| object
| toplevel_param
| method
| bad_shared_method
| istemplate ";"
| toplevel_if
| error_stmt
| in_each

toplevel_param →

param

toplevel_if →

hashif "(" expression ")" "{" device_statements "}" toplevel_else

toplevel_else →

<empty>
| hashelse "{" device_statements "}"
| hashelse toplevel_if

array_list →

<empty>
| array_list "[" arraydef "]"

object →

register objident array_list sizespec offsetspec maybe_istemplate object_spec

bitrangespec →

"@" bitrange
| <empty>

object →

field objident array_list bitrangespec maybe_istemplate object_spec

bitrange →

"[" expression "]"
| "[" expression ":" expression "]"

data →

session

object →

session_decl

session_decl →

data named_cdecl ";"
| data named_cdecl "=" initializer ";"
| data "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" ";"
| data "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" "=" initializer ";"

object →

saved_decl

saved_decl →

saved named_cdecl ";"
| saved named_cdecl "=" initializer ";"
| saved "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" ";"
| saved "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" "=" initializer ";"

object →

connect objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| interface objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| attribute objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| bank objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| event objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| group objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| port objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| implement objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec
| subdevice objident array_list maybe_istemplate object_spec

maybe_default →

default
| <empty>

method →

method_qualifiers method objident method_params_typed maybe_default compound_statement
| inline method objident method_params_maybe_untyped maybe_default compound_statement

arraydef →

ident "<" expression
| ident "<" "..."

template_stmts →

<empty>
| template_stmts template_stmt

template_stmt →

object_statement_or_typedparam
| shared method_qualifiers method shared_method
| shared hook_decl

method_qualifiers →

<empty>
| independent
| independent startup
| independent startup memoized

shared_method →

ident method_params_typed ";"
| ident method_params_typed default compound_statement
| ident method_params_typed compound_statement

toplevel →

template objident maybe_istemplate "{" template_stmts "}"
| header "%{ ... %}"
| footer "%{ ... %}"
| _header "%{ ... %}"
| loggroup ident ";"
| constant ident "=" expression ";"
| extern cdecl ";"
| typedef named_cdecl ";"
| extern typedef named_cdecl ";"
| import utf8_sconst ";"

object_desc →

composed_string_literal
| <empty>

object_spec →

object_desc ";"
| object_desc "{" object_statements "}"

object_statements →

object_statements object_statement
| <empty>

object_statement →

object_statement_or_typedparam
| bad_shared_method

bad_shared_method →

shared method_qualifiers method shared_method

toplevel →

export expression as expression ";"

object_statement_or_typedparam →

object
| param
| method
| istemplate ";"
| object_if
| error_stmt
| in_each

in_each →

in each istemplate_list "{" object_statements "}"

hashif →

"#if"
| if

hashelse →

"#else"
| else

object_if →

hashif "(" expression ")" "{" object_statements "}" object_else

object_else →

<empty>
| hashelse "{" object_statements "}"
| hashelse object_if

param →

param objident paramspec_maybe_empty
| param objident auto ";"
| param objident ":" paramspec
| param objident ":" ctypedecl paramspec_maybe_empty

paramspec_maybe_empty →

paramspec
| ";"

paramspec →

"=" expression ";"
| default expression ";"

method_outparams →

<empty>
| "->" "(" cdecl_list ")"

method_params_maybe_untyped →

"(" cdecl_or_ident_list ")" method_outparams throws

method_params_typed →

"(" cdecl_list ")" method_outparams throws

throws →

throws
| <empty>

maybe_istemplate →

<empty>
| istemplate

istemplate →

is istemplate_list

istemplate_list →

objident
| "(" objident_list ")"

sizespec →

size expression
| <empty>

offsetspec →

"@" expression
| <empty>

cdecl_or_ident →

named_cdecl
| inline ident

named_cdecl →

cdecl

cdecl →

basetype cdecl2
| const basetype cdecl2

basetype →

typeident
| struct
| layout
| bitfields
| typeof
| sequence "(" typeident ")"
| hook "(" cdecl_list ")"

cdecl2 →

cdecl3
| const cdecl2
| "*" cdecl2
| vect cdecl2

cdecl3 →

ident
| <empty>
| cdecl3 "[" expression "]"
| cdecl3 "(" cdecl_list_opt_ellipsis ")"
| "(" cdecl2 ")"

cdecl_list →

<empty>
| cdecl_list_nonempty

cdecl_list_nonempty →

cdecl
| cdecl_list_nonempty "," cdecl

cdecl_list_opt_ellipsis →

cdecl_list
| cdecl_list_ellipsis

cdecl_list_ellipsis →

"..."
| cdecl_list_nonempty "," "..."

cdecl_or_ident_list →

<empty>
| cdecl_or_ident_list2

cdecl_or_ident_list2 →

cdecl_or_ident
| cdecl_or_ident_list2 "," cdecl_or_ident

typeof →

typeof expression

struct →

struct "{" struct_decls "}"

struct_decls →

struct_decls named_cdecl ";"
| <empty>

layout_decl →

layout utf8_sconst "{" layout_decls "}"

layout →

layout_decl

layout_decls →

layout_decls named_cdecl ";"
| <empty>

bitfields →

bitfields integer-literal "{" bitfields_decls "}"

bitfields_decls →

bitfields_decls named_cdecl "@" "[" bitfield_range "]" ";"

bitfield_range →

expression
| expression ":" expression

bitfields_decls →

<empty>

ctypedecl →

const_opt basetype ctypedecl_ptr

ctypedecl_ptr →

stars ctypedecl_array

stars →

<empty>
| "*" const stars
| "*" stars

ctypedecl_array →

ctypedecl_simple

ctypedecl_simple →

"(" ctypedecl_ptr ")"
| <empty>

const_opt →

const
| <empty>

typeident →

ident
| char
| double
| float
| int
| long
| short
| signed
| unsigned
| void
| register

assignop →

expression "+=" expression
| expression "-=" expression
| expression "*=" expression
| expression "/=" expression
| expression "%=" expression
| expression "|=" expression
| expression "&=" expression
| expression "^=" expression
| expression "<<=" expression
| expression ">>=" expression

expression →

expression "?" expression ":" expression
| expression #? expression #: expression
| expression "+" expression
| expression "-" expression
| expression "*" expression
| expression "/" expression
| expression "%" expression
| expression "<<" expression
| expression ">>" expression
| expression "==" expression
| expression "!=" expression
| expression "<" expression
| expression ">" expression
| expression "<=" expression
| expression ">=" expression
| expression "||" expression
| expression "&&" expression
| expression "|" expression
| expression "^" expression
| expression "&" expression
| cast "(" expression "," ctypedecl ")"
| sizeof expression
| "-" expression
| "+" expression
| "!" expression
| "~" expression
| "&" expression
| "*" expression
| defined expression
| stringify "(" expression ")"
| "++" expression
| "--" expression
| expression "++"
| expression "--"
| expression "(" ")"
| expression "(" single_initializer_list ")"
| expression "(" single_initializer_list "," ")"
| integer-literal
| hex-literal
| binary-literal
| char-literal
| float-literal
| string-literal

utf8_sconst →

string-literal

expression →

undefined
| objident
| default
| this
| expression "." objident
| expression "->" objident
| sizeoftype typeoparg

typeoparg →

ctypedecl
| "(" ctypedecl ")"

expression →

new ctypedecl
| new ctypedecl "[" expression "]"
| "(" expression ")"
| "[" expression_list "]"
| expression "[" expression "]"
| expression "[" expression "," identifier "]"
| expression "[" expression ":" expression endianflag "]"
| each objident in "(" expression ")"

endianflag →

"," identifier
| <empty>

expression_opt →

expression
| <empty>

expression_list →

<empty>
| expression
| expression "," expression_list

expression_list_ntc_nonempty →

expression
| expression "," expression_list_ntc_nonempty

composed_string_literal →

utf8_sconst
| composed_string_literal "+" utf8_sconst

bracketed_string_literal →

composed_string_literal
| "(" composed_string_literal ")"

single_initializer →

expression
| "{" single_initializer_list "}"
| "{" single_initializer_list "," "}"

initializer →

single_initializer
| "(" single_initializer "," single_initializer_list ")"

single_initializer_list →

single_initializer
| single_initializer_list "," single_initializer

single_initializer →

"{" designated_struct_initializer_list "}"
| "{" designated_struct_initializer_list "," "}"
| "{" designated_struct_initializer_list "," "..." "}"

designated_struct_initializer →

"." ident "=" single_initializer

designated_struct_initializer_list →

designated_struct_initializer
| designated_struct_initializer_list "," designated_struct_initializer

statement →

statement_except_hashif

statement_except_hashif →

compound_statement
| local ";"
| assign_stmt ";"
| assignop ";"

assign_stmt →

assign_chain
| tuple_literal "=" initializer

assign_chain →

expression "=" assign_chain
| expression "=" initializer

tuple_literal →

"(" expression "," expression_list_ntc_nonempty ")"

statement_except_hashif →

";"
| expression ";"
| if "(" expression ")" statement
| if "(" expression ")" statement else statement

statement →

"#if" "(" expression ")" statement
| "#if" "(" expression ")" statement "#else" statement

statement_except_hashif →

while "(" expression ")" statement
| do statement while "(" expression ")" ";"

for_post →

<empty>
| for_post_nonempty

for_post_nonempty →

for_post_one
| for_post_nonempty "," for_post_one

for_post_one →

assign_stmt
| assignop
| expression

for_pre →

local
| for_post

statement_except_hashif →

for "(" for_pre ";" expression_opt ";" for_post ")" statement
| switch "(" expression ")" "{" stmt_or_case_list "}"

stmt_or_case →

statement_except_hashif
| cond_case_statement
| case_statement

cond_case_statement →

"#if" "(" expression ")" "{" stmt_or_case_list "}"
| "#if" "(" expression ")" "{" stmt_or_case_list "}" "#else" "{" stmt_or_case_list "}"

stmt_or_case_list →

<empty>
| stmt_or_case_list stmt_or_case

statement_except_hashif →

delete expression ";"
| try statement catch statement
| after expression identifier ":" expression ";"

ident_list →

<empty>
| nonempty_ident_list

nonempty_ident_list →

ident
| nonempty_ident_list "," ident

statement_except_hashif →

after expression "->" "(" ident_list ")" ":" expression ";"
| after expression "->" ident ":" expression ";"
| after expression ":" expression ";"
| after ":" expression ";"
| assert expression ";"

log_kind →

identifier
| error

log_level →

expression then expression
| expression

statement_except_hashif →

log log_kind "," log_level "," expression ":" bracketed_string_literal log_args ";"
| log log_kind "," log_level ":" bracketed_string_literal log_args ";"
| log log_kind ":" bracketed_string_literal log_args ";"

hashselect →

"#select"

statement_except_hashif →

hashselect ident in "(" expression ")" where "(" expression ")" statement hashelse statement
| foreach ident in "(" expression ")" statement
| "#foreach" ident in "(" expression ")" statement

case_statement →

case expression ":"
| default ":"

statement_except_hashif →

goto ident ";"
| break ";"
| continue ";"
| throw ";"
| return ";"
| return initializer ";"
| error_stmt

error_stmt →

error ";"
| error bracketed_string_literal ";"

statement_except_hashif →

warning_stmt

warning_stmt →

_warning bracketed_string_literal ";"

log_args →

<empty>
| log_args "," expression

compound_statement →

"{" statement_list "}"

statement_list →

<empty>
| statement_list statement

local_keyword →

local

static →

session

local_decl_kind →

local_keyword
| static

local →

local_decl_kind cdecl
| saved cdecl
| local_decl_kind cdecl "=" initializer
| saved cdecl "=" initializer
| local_decl_kind "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")"
| saved "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")"
| local_decl_kind "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" "=" initializer
| saved "(" cdecl_list_nonempty ")" "=" initializer

simple_array_list →

<empty>
| simple_array_list "[" expression "]"

hook_decl →

hook "(" cdecl_list ")" ident simple_array_list ";"

object →

hook_decl

objident_list →

objident
| objident_list "," objident

objident →

ident
| register

ident →

attribute
| bank
| bitorder
| connect
| constant
| data
| device
| event
| field
| footer
| group
| header
| implement
| import
| interface
| loggroup
| method
| port
| size
| subdevice
| nothrow
| then
| throws
| _header
| provisional
| param
| saved
| independent
| startup
| memoized
| identifier
| class
| enum
| namespace
| private
| protected
| public
| restrict
| union
| using
| virtual
| volatile
| call
| auto
| static
| select
| async
| await
| with