diff --git a/Include/abstract.h b/Include/abstract.h
index b4c2bedef442bf..3b4ba2d10142de 100644
--- a/Include/abstract.h
+++ b/Include/abstract.h
@@ -397,6 +397,13 @@ PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyIter_Check(PyObject *);
    This function always succeeds. */
 PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyAIter_Check(PyObject *);
 
+/* Takes an iterator object and calls its tp_iternext slot,
+   setting *item to the next value, or to NULL if the iterator
+   is exhausted.
+
+   returns 0 on success and -1 on error. */
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyIter_NextItem(PyObject *iter, PyObject **item);
+
 /* Takes an iterator object and calls its tp_iternext slot,
    returning the next value.
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py b/Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py
index 037c8112d53e7a..15155afb6d68d5 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py
@@ -410,6 +410,41 @@ def __delitem__(self, index):
             _testcapi.sequence_del_slice(mapping, 1, 3)
         self.assertEqual(mapping, {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'})
 
+    def run_iter_api_test(self, next_func):
+        inputs = [ (), (1,2,3),
+                   [], [1,2,3]]
+
+        for inp in inputs:
+            items = []
+            it = iter(inp)
+            while (item := next_func(it)) is not None:
+                items.append(item)
+            self.assertEqual(items, list(inp))
+
+        class Broken:
+            def __init__(self):
+                self.count = 0
+
+            def __next__(self):
+                if self.count < 3:
+                    self.count += 1
+                    return self.count
+                else:
+                    raise TypeError('bad type')
+
+        it = Broken()
+        self.assertEqual(next_func(it), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(next_func(it), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(next_func(it), 3)
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'bad type'):
+            next_func(it)
+
+    def test_iter_next(self):
+        self.run_iter_api_test(_testcapi.call_pyiter_next)
+
+    def test_iter_nextitem(self):
+        self.run_iter_api_test(_testcapi.call_pyiter_nextitem)
+
     @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(_testcapi, 'negative_refcount'),
                          'need _testcapi.negative_refcount')
     def test_negative_refcount(self):
diff --git a/Modules/_testcapimodule.c b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
index d7c89f48f792ed..a662053a99e41d 100644
--- a/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
@@ -282,6 +282,41 @@ dict_getitem_knownhash(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
     return Py_XNewRef(result);
 }
 
+static PyObject*
+call_pyiter_next(PyObject* self, PyObject *args)
+{
+    PyObject *iter;
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:call_pyiter_next", &iter)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    assert(PyIter_Check(iter) || PyAIter_Check(iter));
+    PyObject *item = PyIter_Next(iter);
+    if (item == NULL && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
+        Py_RETURN_NONE;
+    }
+    return item;
+}
+
+static PyObject*
+call_pyiter_nextitem(PyObject* self, PyObject *args)
+{
+    PyObject *iter;
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:call_pyiter_nextitem", &iter)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    assert(PyIter_Check(iter) || PyAIter_Check(iter));
+    PyObject *item = NULL;
+    int ret = PyIter_NextItem(iter, &item);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (item == NULL && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
+        Py_RETURN_NONE;
+    }
+    return item;
+}
+
+
 /* Issue #4701: Check that PyObject_Hash implicitly calls
  *   PyType_Ready if it hasn't already been called
  */
@@ -3286,6 +3321,8 @@ static PyMethodDef TestMethods[] = {
     {"test_list_api",           test_list_api,                   METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_dict_iteration",     test_dict_iteration,             METH_NOARGS},
     {"dict_getitem_knownhash",  dict_getitem_knownhash,          METH_VARARGS},
+    {"call_pyiter_next",        call_pyiter_next,                METH_VARARGS},
+    {"call_pyiter_nextitem",    call_pyiter_nextitem,            METH_VARARGS},
     {"test_lazy_hash_inheritance",      test_lazy_hash_inheritance,METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_xincref_doesnt_leak",test_xincref_doesnt_leak,        METH_NOARGS},
     {"test_incref_doesnt_leak", test_incref_doesnt_leak,         METH_NOARGS},
diff --git a/Modules/_xxtestfuzz/fuzzer.c b/Modules/_xxtestfuzz/fuzzer.c
index 37d402824853f0..c7f8244c5d4d4f 100644
--- a/Modules/_xxtestfuzz/fuzzer.c
+++ b/Modules/_xxtestfuzz/fuzzer.c
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ static int fuzz_csv_reader(const char* data, size_t size) {
     if (reader) {
         /* Consume all of the reader as an iterator */
         PyObject* parsed_line;
-        while ((parsed_line = PyIter_Next(reader))) {
+        while (PyIter_NextItem(reader, &parsed_line) == 0) {
             Py_DECREF(parsed_line);
         }
     }
diff --git a/Objects/abstract.c b/Objects/abstract.c
index e95785900c9c5f..3fdb5ed9a9b9e2 100644
--- a/Objects/abstract.c
+++ b/Objects/abstract.c
@@ -2833,6 +2833,29 @@ PyAIter_Check(PyObject *obj)
             tp->tp_as_async->am_anext != &_PyObject_NextNotImplemented);
 }
 
+/* Set *item to the next item. Return 0 on success and -1 on error.
+ * If the iteration terminates normally, set *item to NULL and clear
+ * the PyExc_StopIteration exception (if it was set).
+ */
+int
+PyIter_NextItem(PyObject *iter, PyObject **item)
+{
+    *item = (*Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext)(iter);
+    if (*item == NULL) {
+        PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();
+        if (_PyErr_Occurred(tstate)) {
+            if (_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(tstate, PyExc_StopIteration)) {
+                _PyErr_Clear(tstate);
+                *item = NULL;
+            }
+            else {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
 /* Return next item.
  * If an error occurs, return NULL.  PyErr_Occurred() will be true.
  * If the iteration terminates normally, return NULL and clear the
@@ -2844,14 +2867,8 @@ PyObject *
 PyIter_Next(PyObject *iter)
 {
     PyObject *result;
-    result = (*Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext)(iter);
-    if (result == NULL) {
-        PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();
-        if (_PyErr_Occurred(tstate)
-            && _PyErr_ExceptionMatches(tstate, PyExc_StopIteration))
-        {
-            _PyErr_Clear(tstate);
-        }
+    if (PyIter_NextItem(iter, &result) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
     }
     return result;
 }