diff --git a/Doc/c-api/init.rst b/Doc/c-api/init.rst
index f3690ebfab2827..dfb381953dd51d 100644
--- a/Doc/c-api/init.rst
+++ b/Doc/c-api/init.rst
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The following functions can be safely called before Python is initialized:
    :c:func:`Py_Initialize`: :c:func:`Py_EncodeLocale`, :c:func:`Py_GetPath`,
    :c:func:`Py_GetPrefix`, :c:func:`Py_GetExecPrefix`,
    :c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`, :c:func:`Py_GetPythonHome`,
-   :c:func:`Py_GetProgramName` and :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads`.
+   and :c:func:`Py_GetProgramName`.
 
 
 .. _global-conf-vars:
@@ -326,7 +326,6 @@ Initializing and finalizing the interpreter
 .. c:function:: void Py_Initialize()
 
    .. index::
-      single: PyEval_InitThreads()
       single: modules (in module sys)
       single: path (in module sys)
       pair: module; builtins
@@ -813,45 +812,6 @@ code, or when embedding the Python interpreter:
    this thread's interpreter state.
 
 
-.. c:function:: void PyEval_InitThreads()
-
-   .. index::
-      single: PyEval_AcquireThread()
-      single: PyEval_ReleaseThread()
-      single: PyEval_SaveThread()
-      single: PyEval_RestoreThread()
-
-   Deprecated function which does nothing.
-
-   In Python 3.6 and older, this function created the GIL if it didn't exist.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.9
-      The function now does nothing.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.7
-      This function is now called by :c:func:`Py_Initialize()`, so you don't
-      have to call it yourself anymore.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.2
-      This function cannot be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize()` anymore.
-
-   .. deprecated:: 3.9
-
-   .. index:: pair: module; _thread
-
-
-.. c:function:: int PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()
-
-   Returns a non-zero value if :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads` has been called.  This
-   function can be called without holding the GIL, and therefore can be used to
-   avoid calls to the locking API when running single-threaded.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.7
-      The :term:`GIL` is now initialized by :c:func:`Py_Initialize()`.
-
-   .. deprecated:: 3.9
-
-
 .. c:function:: PyThreadState* PyEval_SaveThread()
 
    Release the global interpreter lock (if it has been created) and reset the
@@ -1223,39 +1183,6 @@ All of the following functions must be called after :c:func:`Py_Initialize`.
    available (even when threads have not been initialized).
 
 
-.. c:function:: void PyEval_AcquireLock()
-
-   Acquire the global interpreter lock.  The lock must have been created earlier.
-   If this thread already has the lock, a deadlock ensues.
-
-   .. deprecated:: 3.2
-      This function does not update the current thread state.  Please use
-      :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread` or :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread`
-      instead.
-
-   .. note::
-      Calling this function from a thread when the runtime is finalizing
-      will terminate the thread, even if the thread was not created by Python.
-      You can use :c:func:`_Py_IsFinalizing` or :func:`sys.is_finalizing` to
-      check if the interpreter is in process of being finalized before calling
-      this function to avoid unwanted termination.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.8
-      Updated to be consistent with :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`,
-      :c:func:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS`, and :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure`,
-      and terminate the current thread if called while the interpreter is finalizing.
-
-
-.. c:function:: void PyEval_ReleaseLock()
-
-   Release the global interpreter lock.  The lock must have been created earlier.
-
-   .. deprecated:: 3.2
-      This function does not update the current thread state.  Please use
-      :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` or :c:func:`PyEval_ReleaseThread`
-      instead.
-
-
 .. _sub-interpreter-support:
 
 Sub-interpreter support
diff --git a/Doc/data/refcounts.dat b/Doc/data/refcounts.dat
index ef37b83487809c..65ffb96d5c8265 100644
--- a/Doc/data/refcounts.dat
+++ b/Doc/data/refcounts.dat
@@ -764,8 +764,6 @@ PyErr_WarnFormat::...::
 PyErr_WriteUnraisable:void:::
 PyErr_WriteUnraisable:PyObject*:obj:0:
 
-PyEval_AcquireLock:void:::
-
 PyEval_AcquireThread:void:::
 PyEval_AcquireThread:PyThreadState*:tstate::
 
@@ -783,10 +781,6 @@ PyEval_GetFuncDesc:PyObject*:func:0:
 PyEval_GetFuncName:const char*:::
 PyEval_GetFuncName:PyObject*:func:0:
 
-PyEval_InitThreads:void:::
-
-PyEval_ReleaseLock:void:::
-
 PyEval_ReleaseThread:void:::
 PyEval_ReleaseThread:PyThreadState*:tstate::
 
diff --git a/Doc/data/stable_abi.dat b/Doc/data/stable_abi.dat
index 84523525e2631e..767025b76f8b11 100644
--- a/Doc/data/stable_abi.dat
+++ b/Doc/data/stable_abi.dat
@@ -177,7 +177,6 @@ function,PyErr_WarnEx,3.2,,
 function,PyErr_WarnExplicit,3.2,,
 function,PyErr_WarnFormat,3.2,,
 function,PyErr_WriteUnraisable,3.2,,
-function,PyEval_AcquireLock,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_AcquireThread,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_EvalCode,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_EvalCodeEx,3.2,,
@@ -189,12 +188,9 @@ function,PyEval_GetFuncDesc,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_GetFuncName,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_GetGlobals,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_GetLocals,3.2,,
-function,PyEval_InitThreads,3.2,,
-function,PyEval_ReleaseLock,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_ReleaseThread,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_RestoreThread,3.2,,
 function,PyEval_SaveThread,3.2,,
-function,PyEval_ThreadsInitialized,3.2,,
 var,PyExc_ArithmeticError,3.2,,
 var,PyExc_AssertionError,3.2,,
 var,PyExc_AttributeError,3.2,,
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst
index 1f1172493cb232..f3ded6ae34eca3 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst
@@ -396,3 +396,19 @@ Removed
   Use the new :c:type:`PyConfig` API of the :ref:`Python Initialization
   Configuration <init-config>` instead (:pep:`587`), added to Python 3.8.
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105145`.)
+
+* Remove ``PyEval_InitThreads()`` and ``PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()``
+  functions, deprecated in Python 3.9. Since Python 3.7, ``Py_Initialize()``
+  always creates the GIL: calling ``PyEval_InitThreads()`` did nothing and
+  ``PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()`` always returned non-zero.
+  (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.)
+
+* Remove ``PyEval_AcquireLock()`` and ``PyEval_ReleaseLock()`` functions,
+  deprecated in Python 3.2. They didn't update the current thread state.
+  They can be replaced with:
+
+  * :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`;
+  * low-level :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`;
+  * or :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release`.
+
+  (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.)
diff --git a/Include/ceval.h b/Include/ceval.h
index cf231b74f2bffa..9885bdb7febc21 100644
--- a/Include/ceval.h
+++ b/Include/ceval.h
@@ -107,14 +107,6 @@ PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyEval_EvalFrameEx(PyFrameObject *f, int exc);
 PyAPI_FUNC(PyThreadState *) PyEval_SaveThread(void);
 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_RestoreThread(PyThreadState *);
 
-Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyEval_ThreadsInitialized(void);
-Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
-/* PyEval_AcquireLock() and PyEval_ReleaseLock() are part of stable ABI.
- * They will be removed from this header file in the future version.
- * But they will be remained in ABI until Python 4.0.
- */
-Py_DEPRECATED(3.2) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_AcquireLock(void);
-Py_DEPRECATED(3.2) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_ReleaseLock(void);
 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_AcquireThread(PyThreadState *tstate);
 PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_ReleaseThread(PyThreadState *tstate);
 
diff --git a/Makefile.pre.in b/Makefile.pre.in
index 7ae94ff02cd285..0b0651eef4e520 100644
--- a/Makefile.pre.in
+++ b/Makefile.pre.in
@@ -1319,7 +1319,8 @@ regen-all: regen-cases regen-opcode regen-opcode-targets regen-typeslots \
 	regen-pegen-metaparser regen-pegen regen-test-frozenmain \
 	regen-test-levenshtein regen-global-objects
 	@echo
-	@echo "Note: make regen-stdlib-module-names and make regen-configure should be run manually"
+	@echo "Note: make regen-stdlib-module-names, make regen-limited-abi"
+	@echo "and make regen-configure should be run manually"
 
 ############################################################################
 # Special rules for object files
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-23-28.gh-issue-105182.kLEHl-.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-23-28.gh-issue-105182.kLEHl-.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..ad9c9e51baa58b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-23-28.gh-issue-105182.kLEHl-.rst	
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Remove ``PyEval_InitThreads()`` and ``PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()``
+functions, deprecated in Python 3.9. Patch by Victor Stinner.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-24-03.gh-issue-105182.l5sCw4.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-24-03.gh-issue-105182.l5sCw4.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..0fe5487c3e2181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2023-06-01-11-24-03.gh-issue-105182.l5sCw4.rst	
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Remove ``PyEval_AcquireLock()`` and ``PyEval_ReleaseLock()`` functions,
+deprecated in Python 3.2. Patch by Victor Stinner.
diff --git a/Misc/stable_abi.toml b/Misc/stable_abi.toml
index fac59c97f4bf9f..2209f6e02cfcd1 100644
--- a/Misc/stable_abi.toml
+++ b/Misc/stable_abi.toml
@@ -664,6 +664,7 @@
     added = '3.2'
 [function.PyEval_AcquireLock]
     added = '3.2'
+    abi_only = true
 [function.PyEval_AcquireThread]
     added = '3.2'
 [function.PyEval_CallFunction]
@@ -697,8 +698,10 @@
     added = '3.2'
 [function.PyEval_InitThreads]
     added = '3.2'
+    abi_only = true
 [function.PyEval_ReleaseLock]
     added = '3.2'
+    abi_only = true
 [function.PyEval_ReleaseThread]
     added = '3.2'
 [function.PyEval_RestoreThread]
@@ -707,6 +710,7 @@
     added = '3.2'
 [function.PyEval_ThreadsInitialized]
     added = '3.2'
+    abi_only = true
 [data.PyExc_ArithmeticError]
     added = '3.2'
 [data.PyExc_AssertionError]
diff --git a/Misc/valgrind-python.supp b/Misc/valgrind-python.supp
index c9c45ba7ed6de4..29954c1bbad350 100644
--- a/Misc/valgrind-python.supp
+++ b/Misc/valgrind-python.supp
@@ -46,14 +46,6 @@
 #    Will need to fix that.
 #
 
-{
-   Suppress leaking the GIL.  Happens once per process, see comment in ceval.c.
-   Memcheck:Leak
-   fun:malloc
-   fun:PyThread_allocate_lock
-   fun:PyEval_InitThreads
-}
-
 {
    Suppress leaking the GIL after a fork.
    Memcheck:Leak
diff --git a/Python/ceval_gil.c b/Python/ceval_gil.c
index b9bdb74fcedf32..536991f9d9b56b 100644
--- a/Python/ceval_gil.c
+++ b/Python/ceval_gil.c
@@ -496,7 +496,8 @@ _PyEval_ThreadsInitialized(void)
     return gil_created(gil);
 }
 
-int
+// Function removed in the Python 3.13 API but kept in the stable ABI.
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
 PyEval_ThreadsInitialized(void)
 {
     return _PyEval_ThreadsInitialized();
@@ -584,7 +585,8 @@ _PyEval_FiniGIL(PyInterpreterState *interp)
     interp->ceval.gil = NULL;
 }
 
-void
+// Function removed in the Python 3.13 API but kept in the stable ABI.
+PyAPI_FUNC(void)
 PyEval_InitThreads(void)
 {
     /* Do nothing: kept for backward compatibility */
@@ -597,7 +599,9 @@ _PyEval_Fini(void)
     _Py_PrintSpecializationStats(1);
 #endif
 }
-void
+
+// Function removed in the Python 3.13 API but kept in the stable ABI.
+PyAPI_FUNC(void)
 PyEval_AcquireLock(void)
 {
     PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();
@@ -606,7 +610,8 @@ PyEval_AcquireLock(void)
     take_gil(tstate);
 }
 
-void
+// Function removed in the Python 3.13 API but kept in the stable ABI.
+PyAPI_FUNC(void)
 PyEval_ReleaseLock(void)
 {
     PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();