Passport-SAML

This is a SAML 2.0 authentication provider for Passport, the Node.js authentication library.

The code was originally based on Michael Bosworth's express-saml library.

Passport-SAML has been tested to work with Onelogin, Okta, Shibboleth, SimpleSAMLphp based Identity Providers, and with Active Directory Federation Services.

Installation

$ npm install passport-saml

Usage

Configure strategy

This example utilizes the Feide OpenIdp identity provider. You need an account there to log in with this. You also need to register your site as a service provider.

The SAML identity provider will redirect you to the URL provided by the path configuration.

var SamlStrategy = require('passport-saml').Strategy;
[...]

passport.use(new SamlStrategy(
  {
    path: '/login/callback',
    entryPoint: 'https://openidp.feide.no/simplesaml/saml2/idp/SSOService.php',
    issuer: 'passport-saml'
  },
  function(profile, done) {
    findByEmail(profile.email, function(err, user) {
      if (err) {
        return done(err);
      }
      return done(null, user);
    });
  })
);

Config parameter details:

• Core
• callbackUrl: full callbackUrl (overrides path/protocol if supplied)
• path: path to callback; will be combined with protocol and server host information to construct callback url if callbackUrl is not specified (default: /saml/consume)
• protocol: protocol for callback; will be combined with path and server host information to construct callback url if callbackUrl is not specified (default: http://)
• host: host for callback; will be combined with path and protocol to construct callback url if callbackUrl is not specified (default: localhost)
• entryPoint: identity provider entrypoint
• issuer: issuer string to supply to identity provider
• cert: see Security and signatures
• privateCert: see Security and signatures
• decryptionPvk: optional private key that will be used to attempt to decrypt any encrypted assertions that are received
• signatureAlgorithm: optionally set the signature algorithm for signing requests, valid values are 'sha1' (default), 'sha256', or 'sha512'
• Additional SAML behaviors
• additionalParams: dictionary of additional query params to add to all requests
• additionalAuthorizeParams: dictionary of additional query params to add to 'authorize' requests
• identifierFormat: if truthy, name identifier format to request from identity provider (default: urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:emailAddress)
• acceptedClockSkewMs: Time in milliseconds of skew that is acceptable between client and server when checking OnBefore and NotOnOrAfter assertion condition validity timestamps. Setting to -1 will disable checking these conditions entirely. Default is 0.
• attributeConsumingServiceIndex: optional AttributeConsumingServiceIndex attribute to add to AuthnRequest to instruct the IDP which attribute set to attach to the response (link)
• disableRequestedAuthnContext: if truthy, do not request a specific auth context
• authnContext: if truthy, name identifier format to request auth context (default: urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport)
• forceAuthn: if set to true, the initial SAML request from the service provider specifies that the IdP should force re-authentication of the user, even if they possess a valid session.
• providerName: optional human-readable name of the requester for use by the presenter's user agent or the identity provider
• skipRequestCompression: if set to true, the SAML request from the service provider won't be compressed.
• authnRequestBinding: if set to HTTP-POST, will request authentication from IDP via HTTP POST binding, otherwise defaults to HTTP Redirect
• InResponseTo Validation
• validateInResponseTo: if truthy, then InResponseTo will be validated from incoming SAML responses
• requestIdExpirationPeriodMs: Defines the expiration time when a Request ID generated for a SAML request will not be valid if seen in a SAML response in the InResponseTo field. Default is 8 hours.
• cacheProvider: Defines the implementation for a cache provider used to store request Ids generated in SAML requests as part of InResponseTo validation. Default is a built-in in-memory cache provider. For details see the 'Cache Provider' section.
• Passport
• passReqToCallback: if truthy, req will be passed as the first argument to the verify callback (default: false)
• Logout
• logoutUrl: base address to call with logout requests (default: entryPoint)
• additionalLogoutParams: dictionary of additional query params to add to 'logout' requests
• logoutCallbackUrl: The value with which to populate the Location attribute in the SingleLogoutService elements in the generated service provider metadata.

Provide the authentication callback

You need to provide a route corresponding to the path configuration parameter given to the strategy:

app.post('/login/callback',
  passport.authenticate('saml', { failureRedirect: '/', failureFlash: true }),
  function(req, res) {
    res.redirect('/');
  }
);

Authenticate requests

Use passport.authenticate(), specifying saml as the strategy:

app.get('/login',
  passport.authenticate('saml', { failureRedirect: '/', failureFlash: true }),
  function(req, res) {
    res.redirect('/');
  }
);

generateServiceProviderMetadata( decryptionCert )

As a convenience, the strategy object exposes a generateServiceProviderMetadata method which will generate a service provider metadata document suitable for supplying to an identity provider. This method will only work on strategies which are configured with a callbackUrl (since the relative path for the callback is not sufficient information to generate a complete metadata document).

The decryptionCert argument should be a public certificate matching the decryptionPvk and is required if the strategy is configured with a decryptionPvk.

Security and signatures

Passport-SAML uses the HTTP Redirect Binding for its AuthnRequests (unless overridden with the authnRequestBinding parameter), and expects to receive the messages back via the HTTP POST binding.

Authentication requests sent by Passport-SAML can be signed using RSA-SHA1. To sign them you need to provide a private key in the PEM format via the privateCert configuration key. The certificate should start with -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- on its own line and end with -----END PRIVATE KEY----- on its own line.

For example:

    privateCert: fs.readFileSync('./cert.pem', 'utf-8')

It is a good idea to validate the incoming SAML Responses. For this, you can provide the Identity Provider's public PEM-encoded X.509 certificate using the cert confguration key. The "BEGIN CERTIFICATE" and "END CERTIFICATE" lines should be stripped out and the certificate should be provided on a single line.

    cert: 'MIICizCCAfQCCQCY8tKaMc0BMjANBgkqh ... W=='

If you have a certificate in the binary DER encoding, you can convert it to the necessary PEM encoding like this:

     openssl x509 -inform der -in my_certificate.cer -out my_certificate.pem

If the Identity Provider has multiple signing certificates that are valid (such as during the rolling from an old key to a new key and responses signed with either key are valid) then the cert configuration key can be an array:

    cert: [ 'MIICizCCAfQCCQCY8tKaMc0BMjANBgkqh ... W==', 'MIIEOTCCAyGgAwIBAgIJAKZgJdKdCdL6M ... g=' ]

The cert configuration key can also be a function that receives a callback as argument calls back a possible error and a certificate or array of certificates. This allows the Identity Provider to be polled for valid certificates and the new certificate can be used if it is changed:

    cert: function(callback) { callback(null,polledCertificates); }

Usage with Active Directory Federation Services

Here is a configuration that has been proven to work with ADFS:

  {
    entryPoint: 'https://ad.example.net/adfs/ls/',
    issuer: 'https://your-app.example.net/login/callback',
    callbackUrl: 'https://your-app.example.net/login/callback',
    cert: 'MIICizCCAfQCCQCY8tKaMc0BMjANBgkqh ... W==',
    authnContext: 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2008/06/identity/authenticationmethod/windows',
    identifierFormat: null
  }

Please note that ADFS needs to have a trust established to your service in order for this to work.

For more detailed instructions, see ADSF documentation.

SAML Response Validation - NotBefore and NotOnOrAfter

If the NotBefore or the NotOnOrAfter attributes are returned in the SAML response, Passport-SAML will validate them against the current time +/- a configurable clock skew value. The default for the skew is 0s. This is to account for differences between the clock time on the client (Node server with Passport-SAML) and the server (Identity provider).

NotBefore and NotOnOrAfter can be part of either the SubjectConfirmation element, or within in the Assertion/Conditions element in the SAML response.

Subject confirmation validation

When configured (turn validateInResponseTo to true in the Passport-SAML config), the InResponseTo attribute will be validated. Validation will succeed if Passport-SAML previously generated a SAML request with an id that matches the value of InResponseTo.

Also note that InResponseTo is validated as an attribute of the top level Response element in the SAML response, as well as part of the SubjectConfirmation element.

Previous request id's generated for SAML requests will eventually expire. This is controlled with the requestIdExpirationPeriodMs option passed into the Passport-SAML config. The default is 28,800,000 ms (8 hours). Once expired, a subsequent SAML response received with an InResponseTo equal to the expired id will not validate and an error will be returned.

Cache Provider

When InResponseTo validation is turned on, Passport-SAML will store generated request ids used in SAML requests to the IdP. The implementation of how things are stored, checked to see if they exist, and eventually removed is from the Cache Provider used by Passport-SAML.

The default implementation is a simple in-memory cache provider. For multiple server/process scenarios, this will not be sufficient as the server/process that generated the request id and stored in memory could be different than the server/process handling the SAML response. The InResponseTo could fail in this case erroneously.

To support this scenario you can provide an implementation for a cache provider by providing an object with following functions:

{
    save: function(key, value, callback) {
      // save the key with the optional value, invokes the callback with the value saves
    },
    get: function(key, callback) {
      // invokes 'callback' and passes the value if found, null otherwise
    },
    remove: function(key, callback) {
      // removes the key from the cache, invokes `callback` with the
      // key removed, null if no key is removed
    }
}

The callback argument is a function in the style of normal Node callbacks:

function callback(err, result)
{

}

Provide an instance of an object which has these functions passed to the cacheProvider config option when using Passport-SAML.

FAQ

What if I have multiple SAML providers that my users may be connecting to?

A single instance of passport-saml will only authenticate users against a single identity provider. If you have a use case where different logins need to be routed to different identity providers, you can create multiple instances of passport-saml, and either dispatch to them with your own routing code, or use a library like https://www.npmjs.org/package/passports.

Is there an example I can look at?

Gerard Braad has provided an example app at https://github.com/gbraad/passport-saml-example/