IDEFat.h

/* Arduino IDEFat Library
 * Copyright (C) 2009 by William Greiman
 *
 * This file is part of the Arduino IDEFat Library
 *
 * This Library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with the Arduino IDEFat Library.  If not, see
 * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
#ifndef IDEFat_h
#define IDEFat_h
/**
 * \file
 * IDEFile and IDEVolume classes
 */
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include "IDE.h"
#include "IDEFatStructs.h"
#include "Print.h"
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * Allow use of deprecated functions if non-zero
 */
#define ALLOW_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS 1
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// forward declaration since IDEVolume is used in IDEFile
class IDEVolume;
//==============================================================================
// IDEFile class

// flags for ls()
/** ls() flag to print modify date */
uint8_t const LS_DATE = 1;
/** ls() flag to print file size */
uint8_t const LS_SIZE = 2;
/** ls() flag for recursive list of subdirectories */
uint8_t const LS_R = 4;

// use the gnu style oflag in open()
/** open() oflag for reading */
uint8_t const O_READ = 0X01;
/** open() oflag - same as O_READ */
uint8_t const O_RDONLY = O_READ;
/** open() oflag for write */
uint8_t const O_WRITE = 0X02;
/** open() oflag - same as O_WRITE */
uint8_t const O_WRONLY = O_WRITE;
/** open() oflag for reading and writing */
uint8_t const O_RDWR = (O_READ | O_WRITE);
/** open() oflag mask for access modes */
uint8_t const O_ACCMODE = (O_READ | O_WRITE);
/** The file offset shall be set to the end of the file prior to each write. */
uint8_t const O_APPEND = 0X04;
/** synchronous writes - call sync() after each write */
uint8_t const O_SYNC = 0X08;
/** create the file if nonexistent */
uint8_t const O_CREAT = 0X10;
/** If O_CREAT and O_EXCL are set, open() shall fail if the file exists */
uint8_t const O_EXCL = 0X20;
/** truncate the file to zero length */
uint8_t const O_TRUNC = 0X40;

// flags for timestamp
/** set the file's last access date */
uint8_t const T_ACCESS = 1;
/** set the file's creation date and time */
uint8_t const T_CREATE = 2;
/** Set the file's write date and time */
uint8_t const T_WRITE = 4;
// values for type_
/** This IDEFile has not been opened. */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_CLOSED = 0;
/** IDEFile for a file */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_NORMAL = 1;
/** IDEFile for a FAT16 root directory */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_ROOT16 = 2;
/** IDEFile for a FAT32 root directory */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_ROOT32 = 3;
/** IDEFile for a subdirectory */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_SUBDIR = 4;
/** Test value for directory type */
uint8_t const FAT_FILE_TYPE_MIN_DIR = FAT_FILE_TYPE_ROOT16;

/** date field for FAT directory entry */
static inline uint16_t FAT_DATE(uint16_t year, uint8_t month, uint8_t day) {
  return (year - 1980) << 9 | month << 5 | day;
}
/** year part of FAT directory date field */
static inline uint16_t FAT_YEAR(uint16_t fatDate) {
  return 1980 + (fatDate >> 9);
}
/** month part of FAT directory date field */
static inline uint8_t FAT_MONTH(uint16_t fatDate) {
  return (fatDate >> 5) & 0XF;
}
/** day part of FAT directory date field */
static inline uint8_t FAT_DAY(uint16_t fatDate) {
  return fatDate & 0X1F;
}
/** time field for FAT directory entry */
static inline uint16_t FAT_TIME(uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute, uint8_t second) {
  return hour << 11 | minute << 5 | second >> 1;
}
/** hour part of FAT directory time field */
static inline uint8_t FAT_HOUR(uint16_t fatTime) {
  return fatTime >> 11;
}
/** minute part of FAT directory time field */
static inline uint8_t FAT_MINUTE(uint16_t fatTime) {
  return(fatTime >> 5) & 0X3F;
}
/** second part of FAT directory time field */
static inline uint8_t FAT_SECOND(uint16_t fatTime) {
  return 2*(fatTime & 0X1F);
}
/** Default date for file timestamps is 1 Jan 2000 */
uint16_t const FAT_DEFAULT_DATE = ((2000 - 1980) << 9) | (1 << 5) | 1;
/** Default time for file timestamp is 1 am */
uint16_t const FAT_DEFAULT_TIME = (1 << 11);
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * \class IDEFile
 * \brief Access FAT16 and FAT32 files on SD and SDHC cards.
 */
class IDEFile : public Print {
 public:
  /** Create an instance of IDEFile. */
  IDEFile(void) : type_(FAT_FILE_TYPE_CLOSED) {}
  /**
   * writeError is set to true if an error occurs during a write().
   * Set writeError to false before calling print() and/or write() and check
   * for true after calls to print() and/or write().
   */
  bool writeError;
  /**
   * Cancel unbuffered reads for this file.
   * See setUnbufferedRead()
   */
  void clearUnbufferedRead(void) {
    flags_ &= ~F_FILE_UNBUFFERED_READ;
  }
  uint8_t close(void);
  uint8_t contiguousRange(uint32_t* bgnBlock, uint32_t* endBlock);
  uint8_t createContiguous(IDEFile* dirFile,
          const char* fileName, uint32_t size);
  /** \return The current cluster number for a file or directory. */
  uint32_t curCluster(void) const {return curCluster_;}
  /** \return The current position for a file or directory. */
  uint32_t curPosition(void) const {return curPosition_;}
  /**
   * Set the date/time callback function
   *
   * \param[in] dateTime The user's call back function.  The callback
   * function is of the form:
   *
   * \code
   * void dateTime(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time) {
   *   uint16_t year;
   *   uint8_t month, day, hour, minute, second;
   *
   *   // User gets date and time from GPS or real-time clock here
   *
   *   // return date using FAT_DATE macro to format fields
   *   *date = FAT_DATE(year, month, day);
   *
   *   // return time using FAT_TIME macro to format fields
   *   *time = FAT_TIME(hour, minute, second);
   * }
   * \endcode
   *
   * Sets the function that is called when a file is created or when
   * a file's directory entry is modified by sync(). All timestamps,
   * access, creation, and modify, are set when a file is created.
   * sync() maintains the last access date and last modify date/time.
   *
   * See the timestamp() function.
   */
  static void dateTimeCallback(
    void (*dateTime)(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time)) {
    dateTime_ = dateTime;
  }
  /**
   * Cancel the date/time callback function.
   */
  static void dateTimeCallbackCancel(void) {
    // use explicit zero since NULL is not defined for Sanguino
    dateTime_ = 0;
  }
  /** \return Address of the block that contains this file's directory. */
  uint32_t dirBlock(void) const {return dirBlock_;}
  uint8_t dirEntry(dir_t* dir);
  /** \return Index of this file's directory in the block dirBlock. */
  uint8_t dirIndex(void) const {return dirIndex_;}
  static void dirName(const dir_t& dir, char* name);
  /** \return The total number of bytes in a file or directory. */
  uint32_t fileSize(void) const {return fileSize_;}
  /** \return The first cluster number for a file or directory. */
  uint32_t firstCluster(void) const {return firstCluster_;}
  /** \return True if this is a IDEFile for a directory else false. */
  uint8_t isDir(void) const {return type_ >= FAT_FILE_TYPE_MIN_DIR;}
  /** \return True if this is a IDEFile for a file else false. */
  uint8_t isFile(void) const {return type_ == FAT_FILE_TYPE_NORMAL;}
  /** \return True if this is a IDEFile for an open file/directory else false. */
  uint8_t isOpen(void) const {return type_ != FAT_FILE_TYPE_CLOSED;}
  /** \return True if this is a IDEFile for a subdirectory else false. */
  uint8_t isSubDir(void) const {return type_ == FAT_FILE_TYPE_SUBDIR;}
  /** \return True if this is a IDEFile for the root directory. */
  uint8_t isRoot(void) const {
    return type_ == FAT_FILE_TYPE_ROOT16 || type_ == FAT_FILE_TYPE_ROOT32;
  }
  void ls(uint8_t flags = 0, uint8_t indent = 0);
  uint8_t makeDir(IDEFile* dir, const char* dirName);
  uint8_t open(IDEFile* dirFile, uint16_t index, uint8_t oflag);
  uint8_t open(IDEFile* dirFile, const char* fileName, uint8_t oflag);

  uint8_t openRoot(IDEVolume* vol);
  static void printDirName(const dir_t& dir, uint8_t width);
  static void printFatDate(uint16_t fatDate);
  static void printFatTime(uint16_t fatTime);
  static void printTwoDigits(uint8_t v);
  /**
   * Read the next byte from a file.
   *
   * \return For success read returns the next byte in the file as an int.
   * If an error occurs or end of file is reached -1 is returned.
   */
  int16_t read(void) {
    uint8_t b;
    return read(&b, 1) == 1 ? b : -1;
  }
  int16_t read(void* buf, uint16_t nbyte);
  int8_t readDir(dir_t* dir);
  static uint8_t remove(IDEFile* dirFile, const char* fileName);
  uint8_t remove(void);
  /** Set the file's current position to zero. */
  void rewind(void) {
    curPosition_ = curCluster_ = 0;
  }
  uint8_t rmDir(void);
  uint8_t rmRfStar(void);
  /** Set the files position to current position + \a pos. See seekSet(). */
  uint8_t seekCur(uint32_t pos) {
    return seekSet(curPosition_ + pos);
  }
  /**
   *  Set the files current position to end of file.  Useful to position
   *  a file for append. See seekSet().
   */
  uint8_t seekEnd(void) {return seekSet(fileSize_);}
  uint8_t seekSet(uint32_t pos);
  /**
   * Use unbuffered reads to access this file.  Used with Wave
   * Shield ISR.  Used with IDE2Card::partialBlockRead() in WaveRP.
   *
   * Not recommended for normal applications.
   */
  void setUnbufferedRead(void) {
    if (isFile()) flags_ |= F_FILE_UNBUFFERED_READ;
  }
  uint8_t timestamp(uint8_t flag, uint16_t year, uint8_t month, uint8_t day,
          uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute, uint8_t second);
  uint8_t sync(void);
  /** Type of this IDEFile.  You should use isFile() or isDir() instead of type()
   * if possible.
   *
   * \return The file or directory type.
   */
  uint8_t type(void) const {return type_;}
  uint8_t truncate(uint32_t size);
  /** \return Unbuffered read flag. */
  uint8_t unbufferedRead(void) const {
    return flags_ & F_FILE_UNBUFFERED_READ;
  }
  /** \return IDEVolume that contains this file. */
  IDEVolume* volume(void) const {return vol_;}
  void write(uint8_t b);
  int16_t write(const void* buf, uint16_t nbyte);
  void write(const char* str);
  void write_P(PGM_P str);
  void writeln_P(PGM_P str);
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if ALLOW_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS
// Deprecated functions  - suppress cpplint warnings with NOLINT comment
  /** \deprecated Use:
   * uint8_t IDEFile::contiguousRange(uint32_t* bgnBlock, uint32_t* endBlock);
   */
  uint8_t contiguousRange(uint32_t& bgnBlock, uint32_t& endBlock) {  // NOLINT
    return contiguousRange(&bgnBlock, &endBlock);
  }
 /** \deprecated Use:
   * uint8_t IDEFile::createContiguous(IDEFile* dirFile,
   *   const char* fileName, uint32_t size)
   */
  uint8_t createContiguous(IDEFile& dirFile,  // NOLINT
    const char* fileName, uint32_t size) {
    return createContiguous(&dirFile, fileName, size);
  }

  /**
   * \deprecated Use:
   * static void IDEFile::dateTimeCallback(
   *   void (*dateTime)(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time));
   */
  static void dateTimeCallback(
    void (*dateTime)(uint16_t& date, uint16_t& time)) {  // NOLINT
    oldDateTime_ = dateTime;
    dateTime_ = dateTime ? oldToNew : 0;
  }
  /** \deprecated Use: uint8_t IDEFile::dirEntry(dir_t* dir); */
  uint8_t dirEntry(dir_t& dir) {return dirEntry(&dir);}  // NOLINT
  /** \deprecated Use:
   * uint8_t IDEFile::makeDir(IDEFile* dir, const char* dirName);
   */
  uint8_t makeDir(IDEFile& dir, const char* dirName) {  // NOLINT
    return makeDir(&dir, dirName);
  }
  /** \deprecated Use:
   * uint8_t IDEFile::open(IDEFile* dirFile, const char* fileName, uint8_t oflag);
   */
  uint8_t open(IDEFile& dirFile, // NOLINT
    const char* fileName, uint8_t oflag) {
    return open(&dirFile, fileName, oflag);
  }
  /** \deprecated  Do not use in new apps */
  uint8_t open(IDEFile& dirFile, const char* fileName) {  // NOLINT
    return open(dirFile, fileName, O_RDWR);
  }
  /** \deprecated Use:
   * uint8_t IDEFile::open(IDEFile* dirFile, uint16_t index, uint8_t oflag);
   */
  uint8_t open(IDEFile& dirFile, uint16_t index, uint8_t oflag) {  // NOLINT
    return open(&dirFile, index, oflag);
  }
  /** \deprecated Use: uint8_t IDEFile::openRoot(IDEVolume* vol); */
  uint8_t openRoot(IDEVolume& vol) {return openRoot(&vol);}  // NOLINT

  /** \deprecated Use: int8_t IDEFile::readDir(dir_t* dir); */
  int8_t readDir(dir_t& dir) {return readDir(&dir);}  // NOLINT
  /** \deprecated Use:
   * static uint8_t IDEFile::remove(IDEFile* dirFile, const char* fileName);
   */
  static uint8_t remove(IDEFile& dirFile, const char* fileName) {  // NOLINT
    return remove(&dirFile, fileName);
  }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// rest are private
 private:
  static void (*oldDateTime_)(uint16_t& date, uint16_t& time);  // NOLINT
  static void oldToNew(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time) {
    uint16_t d;
    uint16_t t;
    oldDateTime_(d, t);
    *date = d;
    *time = t;
  }
#endif  // ALLOW_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS
 private:
  // bits defined in flags_
  // should be 0XF
  static uint8_t const F_OFLAG = (O_ACCMODE | O_APPEND | O_SYNC);
  // available bits
  static uint8_t const F_UNUSED = 0X30;
  // use unbuffered SD read
  static uint8_t const F_FILE_UNBUFFERED_READ = 0X40;
  // sync of directory entry required
  static uint8_t const F_FILE_DIR_DIRTY = 0X80;

// make sure F_OFLAG is ok
#if ((F_UNUSED | F_FILE_UNBUFFERED_READ | F_FILE_DIR_DIRTY) & F_OFLAG)
#error flags_ bits conflict
#endif  // flags_ bits

  // private data
  uint8_t   flags_;         // See above for definition of flags_ bits
  uint8_t   type_;          // type of file see above for values
  uint32_t  curCluster_;    // cluster for current file position
  uint32_t  curPosition_;   // current file position in bytes from beginning
  uint32_t  dirBlock_;      // SD block that contains directory entry for file
  uint8_t   dirIndex_;      // index of entry in dirBlock 0 <= dirIndex_ <= 0XF
  uint32_t  fileSize_;      // file size in bytes
  uint32_t  firstCluster_;  // first cluster of file
  IDEVolume* vol_;           // volume where file is located

  // private functions
  uint8_t addCluster(void);
  uint8_t addDirCluster(void);
  dir_t* cacheDirEntry(uint8_t action);
  static void (*dateTime_)(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time);
  static uint8_t make83Name(const char* str, uint8_t* name);
  uint8_t openCachedEntry(uint8_t cacheIndex, uint8_t oflags);
  dir_t* readDirCache(void);
};
//==============================================================================
// IDEVolume class
/**
 * \brief Cache for an SD data block
 */
union cache_t {
           /** Used to access cached file data blocks. */
  uint8_t  data[512];
           /** Used to access cached FAT16 entries. */
  uint16_t fat16[256];
           /** Used to access cached FAT32 entries. */
  uint32_t fat32[128];
           /** Used to access cached directory entries. */
  dir_t    dir[16];
           /** Used to access a cached MasterBoot Record. */
  mbr_t    mbr;
           /** Used to access to a cached FAT boot sector. */
  fbs_t    fbs;
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * \class IDEVolume
 * \brief Access FAT16 and FAT32 volumes on SD and SDHC cards.
 */
class IDEVolume {
 public:
  /** Create an instance of IDEVolume */
  IDEVolume(void) :allocSearchStart_(2), fatType_(0) {}
  /** Clear the cache and returns a pointer to the cache.  Used by the WaveRP
   *  recorder to do raw write to the SD card.  Not for normal apps.
   */
  static uint8_t* cacheClear(void) {
    cacheFlush();
    cacheBlockNumber_ = 0XFFFFFFFF;
    return cacheBuffer_.data;
  }
  /**
   * Initialize a FAT volume.  Try partition one first then try super
   * floppy format.
   *
   * \param[in] dev The IDE2Card where the volume is located.
   *
   * \return The value one, true, is returned for success and
   * the value zero, false, is returned for failure.  Reasons for
   * failure include not finding a valid partition, not finding a valid
   * FAT file system or an I/O error.
   */
  uint8_t init(IDE* dev) { return init(dev, 1) ? true : init(dev, 0);}
  uint8_t init(IDE* dev, uint8_t part);

  // inline functions that return volume info
  /** \return The volume's cluster size in blocks. */
  uint8_t blocksPerCluster(void) const {return blocksPerCluster_;}
  /** \return The number of blocks in one FAT. */
  uint32_t blocksPerFat(void)  const {return blocksPerFat_;}
  /** \return The total number of clusters in the volume. */
  uint32_t clusterCount(void) const {return clusterCount_;}
  /** \return The shift count required to multiply by blocksPerCluster. */
  uint8_t clusterSizeShift(void) const {return clusterSizeShift_;}
  /** \return The logical block number for the start of file data. */
  uint32_t dataStartBlock(void) const {return dataStartBlock_;}
  /** \return The number of FAT structures on the volume. */
  uint8_t fatCount(void) const {return fatCount_;}
  /** \return The logical block number for the start of the first FAT. */
  uint32_t fatStartBlock(void) const {return fatStartBlock_;}
  /** \return The FAT type of the volume. Values are 12, 16 or 32. */
  uint8_t fatType(void) const {return fatType_;}
  /** \return The number of entries in the root directory for FAT16 volumes. */
  uint32_t rootDirEntryCount(void) const {return rootDirEntryCount_;}
  /** \return The logical block number for the start of the root directory
       on FAT16 volumes or the first cluster number on FAT32 volumes. */
  uint32_t rootDirStart(void) const {return rootDirStart_;}
  /** return a pointer to the IDE object for this volume */
  static IDE* ideDrive(void) {return ideDrive_;}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if ALLOW_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS
  // Deprecated functions  - suppress cpplint warnings with NOLINT comment
  /** \deprecated Use: uint8_t IDEVolume::init(IDE2Card* dev); */
  uint8_t init(IDE& dev) {return init(&dev);}  // NOLINT

  /** \deprecated Use: uint8_t IDEVolume::init(IDE2Card* dev, uint8_t vol); */
  uint8_t init(IDE& dev, uint8_t part) {  // NOLINT
    return init(&dev, part);
  }
#endif  // ALLOW_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private:
  // Allow IDEFile access to IDEVolume private data.
  friend class IDEFile;

  // value for action argument in cacheRawBlock to indicate read from cache
  static uint8_t const CACHE_FOR_READ = 0;
  // value for action argument in cacheRawBlock to indicate cache dirty
  static uint8_t const CACHE_FOR_WRITE = 1;

  static cache_t cacheBuffer_;        // 512 byte cache for device blocks
  static uint32_t cacheBlockNumber_;  // Logical number of block in the cache
  static IDE* ideDrive_;            // IDE2Card object for cache
  static uint8_t cacheDirty_;         // cacheFlush() will write block if true
  static uint32_t cacheMirrorBlock_;  // block number for mirror FAT
//
  uint32_t allocSearchStart_;   // start cluster for alloc search
  uint8_t blocksPerCluster_;    // cluster size in blocks
  uint32_t blocksPerFat_;       // FAT size in blocks
  uint32_t clusterCount_;       // clusters in one FAT
  uint8_t clusterSizeShift_;    // shift to convert cluster count to block count
  uint32_t dataStartBlock_;     // first data block number
  uint8_t fatCount_;            // number of FATs on volume
  uint32_t fatStartBlock_;      // start block for first FAT
  uint8_t fatType_;             // volume type (12, 16, OR 32)
  uint16_t rootDirEntryCount_;  // number of entries in FAT16 root dir
  uint32_t rootDirStart_;       // root start block for FAT16, cluster for FAT32
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  uint8_t allocContiguous(uint32_t count, uint32_t* curCluster);
  uint8_t blockOfCluster(uint32_t position) const {
          return (position >> 9) & (blocksPerCluster_ - 1);}
  uint32_t clusterStartBlock(uint32_t cluster) const {
           return dataStartBlock_ + ((cluster - 2) << clusterSizeShift_);}
  uint32_t blockNumber(uint32_t cluster, uint32_t position) const {
           return clusterStartBlock(cluster) + blockOfCluster(position);}
  static uint8_t cacheFlush(void);
  static uint8_t cacheRawBlock(uint32_t blockNumber, uint8_t action);
  static void cacheSetDirty(void) {cacheDirty_ |= CACHE_FOR_WRITE;}
  static uint8_t cacheZeroBlock(uint32_t blockNumber);
  uint8_t chainSize(uint32_t beginCluster, uint32_t* size) const;
  uint8_t fatGet(uint32_t cluster, uint32_t* value) const;
  uint8_t fatPut(uint32_t cluster, uint32_t value);
  uint8_t fatPutEOC(uint32_t cluster) {
    return fatPut(cluster, 0x0FFFFFFF);
  }
  uint8_t freeChain(uint32_t cluster);
  uint8_t isEOC(uint32_t cluster) const {
    return  cluster >= (fatType_ == 16 ? FAT16EOC_MIN : FAT32EOC_MIN);
  }
  uint8_t readBlock(uint32_t block, uint8_t* dst) {
    return ideDrive_->readBlock(block, dst);}
  uint8_t readData(uint32_t block, uint16_t offset,
    uint16_t count, uint8_t* dst) {
      return ideDrive_->readData(block, offset, count, dst);
  }
  uint8_t writeBlock(uint32_t block, const uint8_t* dst) {
    return ideDrive_->writeBlock(block, dst);
  }
};
#endif  // IDEFat_h