Babel is a repository for experimenting with all the different programming languages. Below you will find an alphabetical list of the languages that this repository contains, for a full list of all programming languages take a look here.
The popularity of a language can rise and fall over time and differ from one developer to the next. The graphic below shows the most popular languages on GitHub in 2021, however the Stack Overflow 2021 survey shows slightly different results. You can get more historical GitHub data if you check out this link.
Not all languages are created equal, they have evolved and adapted over time becoming easier to use and specialized to specific niches. Some languages are also built directly on top of other languages, as you can see in the infographic below there is a language hierarchy.
The bottom of the pyramid is always the physical hardware that runs the code. Just above the hardware is machine language/binary, unless your engineering specialized hardware or sensors you will likely never work on this layer. The next and arguably the first real 'language' is Assembly, another mostly invisible layer responsible for compiling higher level languages into CPU specific machine code. Above that are the high level languages that are actually used by developers such as C. Lastly, on the top of the pyramid are object oriented languages like Python that generally have more human friendly syntax and conceal the more primitive details of programing like specifying variable data types for example.
Each language has its place and deciding what language to work in depends on your application. Who knows, maybe even more advanced languages will evolve in the future that more closely resemble human natural language.
Here is an alphabetical list of the languages that this repository contains: