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EC2 Notes

EC2 - Elastic Compute Cloud

Payment options

  • On Demand (linux by the second, Windows by the hour)
    • No long term commitments
    • Spiky, short term work loads
    • Development use
  • Reserved (1 to 3 years in length)
    • Production servers
    • Standard RI up to 75% off on-demand costs
    • Convertible RI up to 54% off on-demand costs
    • Scheduled RI runs in a reserved time window (day, week, month)
  • Spot (bid a price)
    • Run a low use times
    • Need high performance for a limited time
  • Dedicated Hosts (Physical servers for you)
    • Regulatory needs
    • License needs
    • Can be hourly priced
    • Up to 75% off on-demand

Instance Types

  • F1 Field Programmable Gate Array [Analytics]
  • I3 High speed storage [DB]
  • G3 Graphics [Video Encoding/Streaming]
  • H1 High disk throughput [MapReduce]
  • T2 Lowest Cost, GP [development/testing]
  • D2 Dense Storage [Data Warehouse/Hadoop]
  • R4 Memory optimized [Memory Intensive/DB]
  • M5 GP [Application Servers]
  • C5 Compute Optimized [CPU Intensive applications]
  • P3 GPU [Machine Learning/Bit Coin Mining]
  • X1 Memory Optimized (hugh amount of ram) [SAP/HANNA]

FightDrMcPx - remember instance types....

EBS - Elastic Block Storage (attached volumes)

Root device volume - boot and image drive

  • GP2 General Purpose SSD
    • balance of price and performance
    • 3 IOPS per GB up to 10,000 IOPS with burst up to 3000 IOPS for volumes above 3334 GB
  • Pervisioned IOPS SSD
    • Database use
    • Need more than 10,000 IOPS
  • ST1 Throughput optimized HDD
    • cannot be boot volume
    • log files
    • big data SC1 - Cold HHD
    • cannot be boot volume Magnetic (Std)
    • legacy
    • can boot from

AWS CLI

  • stored in ~/.aws/config ~/.aws/credentials
  • aws configure --profile {profile_name}
  • export AWS_PROFILE={profile_name} or setx AWS_PROFILE {profile_name}

AWS EBS

  • EBS volume must be in same availablity zone as ec2 instance.
  • create encrypted root volume by copying root volume and creating an ec2 image from the copied and encrypted root volume.

RDS

  • (OLTP) SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Aurora, MariaDB
  • (OLAP) Redshift
  • Elasticache [Memcached, Redis]

RDS Backups

  • automated backups, snapshot + transaction logs
  • snapshot, done manually, stored until original RDS instance is deleted.
  • restored instances have a different url
  • encrypted if database is encrypted,
  • create an encryted database by copying a snapshot and restoring

RDS Multi-AZ

  • for disaster recovery only - synchronous replication

RDS Read-replica

  • for performance - asynchronous replication
  • NOT available for Oracle or SQL Server
  • 5 read replica for each DB
  • can be in different availablity zone or region
  • can be promoted to main DB, but breaks all read replication

RDS Elasticache

  • store critical data in memory
  • redis allows multi-az consistency
  • redis is managed like a database, with persistence
  • memcached auto scaling like EC2 auto scaling
  • read heavy queries
  • not for OLAP, use Redshift instead

Memcached

  • simple
  • offline database data
  • scale out

Redis

  • advanced data types (lists, hashes, sets)
  • pub/sub
  • sorting, ranked datasets like leaderboards
  • persistence
  • multi-az

CloudFront

  • max TTL 31536000 seconds (365 days)
  • default TTL 86400 seconds (24hrs)
  • protect content with signed URLs or signed cookies
  • WAF projects you at the application layer, automatically projects you from
  • SSL cert, can bring your own and store in ACM or IAM