Git Cheat Sheet

It contains all commonly and uncommonly used git commands with explanation.

Table of Contents:

1. Setup and Configuration
2. Creating and Initializing Repositories
3. Staging and Committing Changes
4. Viewing Changes and Logs
5. Branching and Merging
6. Remote Repositories
7. Tagging
8. Undoing Changes
9. Stashing Changes
10. Advanced Operations
11. Collaboration and Contributing

1. Setup and Configuration:

1. Sets the username for all repositories on your machine.

git config --global user.name "Your Name"

2. Sets the email for all repositories on your machine.

git config --global user.email "you@example.com"

3. Displays all configuration settings.

git config --list

4. Sets the default text editor for Git (e.g., vim, nano).

git config --global core.editor <editor>

5. Creates a shortcut for a Git command.

git config --global alias.<alias-name> <command>

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2. Creating and Initializing Repositories

1. Initializes a new Git repository in the current directory.

git init	

2. Creates a local copy of a remote repository.

git clone <repository-url>

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3. Staging and Committing Changes

1. Adds a file to the staging area.

git add <file>

2. Adds all changes in the current directory to the staging area.

git add .

3. Creates a commit with the specified message.

git commit -m "Commit message"

4. Stages and commits all tracked files in one step.

git commit -a -m "Commit message"

5. Unstages a file from the staging area.

git restore --staged <file>

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4. Viewing Changes and Logs

1. Displays the status of files in the working directory and staging area.

git status

2. Shows differences between the working directory and the staging area.

git diff

3. Shows differences between the staging area and the last commit.

git diff --staged

4. Displays a history of commits.

git log

5. Shows a condensed commit history.

git log --oneline

6. Displays details of a specific commit.

git show <commit-hash>

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5. Branching and Merging

1. Lists all branches in the repository.

git branch

2. Creates a new branch.

git branch <branch-name>

3. Switches to the specified branch.

git checkout <branch-name>

4. Another way to switch branches.

git switch <branch-name>

5. Creates and switches to a new branch.

git checkout -b <branch-name>

6. Merges the specified branch into the current branch.

git merge <branch-name>

7. Deletes the specified branch.

git branch -d <branch-name>

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6. Remote Repositories

1. Links a local repository to a remote repository.

git remote add origin <url>	

2. Lists remote connections.

git remote -v

3. Pushes commits from the local branch to the remote branch.

git push origin <branch-name>

4. Fetches changes from the remote repository without merging them.

git fetch

5. Fetches and merges changes from the remote repository.

git pull

6. Pushes a new branch and sets it to track the remote branch.

git push --set-upstream origin <branch-name>

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7. Tagging

1. Creates a lightweight tag for the current commit.

git tag <tag-name>

2. Creates an annotated tag.

git tag -a <tag-name> -m "Message"

3. Displays details about a tag.

git show <tag-name>

4. Pushes a tag to the remote repository.

git push origin <tag-name>

5. Pushes all tags to the remote repository.

git push --tags

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8. Undoing Changes

1. Restores a file to its last committed state.

git restore <file>	

2. Resets the current branch to the specified commit.

git reset <commit>

3. Resets to the commit but keeps changes staged.

git reset --soft <commit>

4. Resets to the commit and removes all changes.

git reset --hard <commit>

5. Creates a new commit that undoes the changes from a specific commit.

git revert <commit>

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9. Stashing Changes

1. Temporarily saves changes without committing them.

git stash

2. Lists all stashes.

git stash list

3. Applies a specific stash.

git stash apply <stash>

4. Applies and removes the most recent stash.

git stash pop

5. Deletes a specific stash.

git stash drop <stash>

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10. Advanced Operations

1. Applies a specific commit to the current branch.

git cherry-pick <commit>

2. Moves the base of the current branch to the specified branch.

git rebase <branch-name>

3. Displays a log of all reference updates (useful for recovery).

git reflog

4. Helps identify the commit that introduced a bug.

git bisect

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11. Collaboration and Contributing

1. Creates a personal copy of a repository on GitHub or similar platforms.

git fork

2. Fetches changes from the original repository of a fork.

git fetch upstream

3. Replays local commits on top of the upstream branch.

git rebase upstream/<branch>

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Created By Kausalya N P

Users can copy this repo for educational purpose.