Benchmark

To reproduce our experiments, you need to install BugsCpp, BugsInPy, and coverage data in your PAFL directory.

BugsCpp installation

git clone https://github.com/Suresoft-GLaDOS/bugscpp.git
cd bugscpp; make install; cd ..

To download the C/C++ projects used in our experiments, you can run the following script.

chmod +x docker/scripts/checkout_bugscpp.sh
docker/scripts/checkout_bugscpp.sh

BugsInPy installation

git clone https://github.com/soarsmu/BugsInPy.git

To download the Python projects used in our experiments, you can run the following script.

chmod +x docker/scripts/checkout_bugsinpy.sh
docker/scripts/checkout_bugsinpy.sh

Coverage data

We provide pre-executed coverage data to avoid running all test cases: download link (7 GB)
After downloading from the link, extract the folder coverage and place it in data/ in the PAFL directory. coverage includes the fault locations oracles, every project's execution on its test suite, and the results of CNN-FL, RNN-FL, MLP-FL, and Aeneas

Installation

There are two ways to install PAFL:

• building docker container (recommended)
• native build

We recommend building a docker container since we provide the scripts for docker to reproduce our experiments.

Building docker container

docker build --tag pafl $(pwd)
docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd):/workspace pafl

docker build

option	description
--tag pafl	tag a built image as pafl
.	build an image from current directory

docker run

option	description
--rm	remove the container when it stopped
-it	enable real-time standard I/O
-v $(pwd):/workspace	mount $(pwd) in host machine to /workspace in container
pafl	create a container from the pafl image

Native build

Requirements

clang>=13 or clang>=5, gcc>=9

CMake stages

1. Generate native build tool
   • build/cmake.sh
2. Run the native build tool
   • build/make.sh

PAFL executable path: build/release/pafl

Reproducing Our Experiments

After installing the benchmark and running the docker container, you are now ready to reproduce our experiments. Initially, the current working directory is /workspace. The structure of the container is as follows:

/workspace
|_ BugsInPy : BugsInPy framework
|_ coverage : consists of test suites, fault locations oracles, DLFL results, and Aeneas results
|_ bugscpp : BugsCpp framework
|_ source : stores buggy versions of the projects

/opt/PAFL
|_ build : consists of build scripts and executable file
|_ profile : stores PAFL models and log files
|_ example : small program for example
|	|_ example : repository
|	|_ test_example : test suites
|	|_ fault.json : fault locations oracle
|_ ...

1. Caching coverage data (optional)

To reduce the cost of parsing JSON format coverage data every time, you can run the following script. However, coverage already has cached coverage data so that you can skip this part.

caching.sh

2. Running PAFL

To run the baseline fault localizer and PAFL, you can run the following script.

# Running SBFL
run_sbfl.sh
# Running DLFL
run_dlfl.sh
# Running Aeneas
run_aeneas.sh

We support parallelization using a fixed number of thread pools. You can specify the number of threads by giving the desired number to the script (default is 1).

# Running SBFL with 16 threads
run_sbfl.sh 16

Cost reduction from parallelization is most effective when the project contains many source files.

The ranking list of statements is stored in this path:

• <test_suite_directory>/__pafl__/<profile>/ranking.json

If you want to understand details about the commands for running PAFL, please read PAFL Command.

3. Checking log files (optional)

Log files are stored in /opt/pafl/profile. You can copy this folder to workspace by running cp -r /opt/PAFL/profile /workspace.

PAFL Command

command	description
help	show full description of PAFL command
run-base	run baseline fault localizer
run-pafl	run PAFL
train	train model of profile using fault location oracle
profile	create or edit profile
profile-rm	delete profile
profile-reset	delete model of profile (reset model version to 0)
caching	cache coverage data of test suite for faster loading

Example command

# Set profile (language = C++, baseline = ochiai)
pafl profile example-ochiai cpp ochiai

# For version 1 to 5
for i in {1..4}; do
  pafl run-pafl -P example-ochiai -S example/example -T example/test_example/buggy-$i
  pafl train -P example-ochiai -S example/example -T example/test_example/buggy-$i -O example/fault.json
done
pafl run-pafl -P example-ochiai -S example/example -T example/test_example/buggy-5