diff --git a/ra/ra.go b/ra/ra.go
index 60fdd43495d..d4c18c439aa 100644
--- a/ra/ra.go
+++ b/ra/ra.go
@@ -2478,9 +2478,10 @@ func (ra *RegistrationAuthorityImpl) NewOrder(ctx context.Context, req *rapb.New
 	}
 
 	newOrder := &sapb.NewOrderRequest{
-		RegistrationID: req.RegistrationID,
-		Names:          core.UniqueLowerNames(req.Names),
-		ReplacesSerial: req.ReplacesSerial,
+		RegistrationID:         req.RegistrationID,
+		Names:                  core.UniqueLowerNames(req.Names),
+		CertificateProfileName: req.CertificateProfileName,
+		ReplacesSerial:         req.ReplacesSerial,
 	}
 
 	if len(newOrder.Names) > ra.maxNames {
@@ -2519,14 +2520,18 @@ func (ra *RegistrationAuthorityImpl) NewOrder(ctx context.Context, req *rapb.New
 		if existingOrder.Id == 0 || existingOrder.Status == "" || existingOrder.RegistrationID == 0 || len(existingOrder.Names) == 0 || core.IsAnyNilOrZero(existingOrder.Created, existingOrder.Expires) {
 			return nil, errIncompleteGRPCResponse
 		}
-		// Track how often we reuse an existing order and how old that order is.
-		ra.orderAges.WithLabelValues("NewOrder").Observe(ra.clk.Since(existingOrder.Created.AsTime()).Seconds())
-		return existingOrder, nil
+
+		// Only re-use the order if the profile (even if it is just the empty
+		// string, leaving us to choose a default profile) matches.
+		if existingOrder.CertificateProfileName == newOrder.CertificateProfileName {
+			// Track how often we reuse an existing order and how old that order is.
+			ra.orderAges.WithLabelValues("NewOrder").Observe(ra.clk.Since(existingOrder.Created.AsTime()).Seconds())
+			return existingOrder, nil
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Renewal orders, indicated by ARI, are exempt from NewOrder rate limits.
 	if !req.IsARIRenewal {
-
 		// Check if there is rate limit space for issuing a certificate.
 		err = ra.checkNewOrderLimits(ctx, newOrder.Names, newOrder.RegistrationID, req.IsRenewal)
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/ra/ra_test.go b/ra/ra_test.go
index d056bb67666..f87a2dca6d3 100644
--- a/ra/ra_test.go
+++ b/ra/ra_test.go
@@ -2049,13 +2049,15 @@ func TestNewOrder(t *testing.T) {
 
 	now := fc.Now()
 	orderA, err := ra.NewOrder(context.Background(), &rapb.NewOrderRequest{
-		RegistrationID: Registration.Id,
-		Names:          []string{"b.com", "a.com", "a.com", "C.COM"},
+		RegistrationID:         Registration.Id,
+		CertificateProfileName: "test",
+		Names:                  []string{"b.com", "a.com", "a.com", "C.COM"},
 	})
 	test.AssertNotError(t, err, "ra.NewOrder failed")
 	test.AssertEquals(t, orderA.RegistrationID, int64(1))
 	test.AssertEquals(t, orderA.Expires.AsTime(), now.Add(time.Hour))
 	test.AssertEquals(t, len(orderA.Names), 3)
+	test.AssertEquals(t, orderA.CertificateProfileName, "test")
 	// We expect the order names to have been sorted, deduped, and lowercased
 	test.AssertDeepEquals(t, orderA.Names, []string{"a.com", "b.com", "c.com"})
 	test.AssertEquals(t, orderA.Id, int64(1))
@@ -2173,6 +2175,16 @@ func TestNewOrderReuse(t *testing.T) {
 			// We do not expect reuse because the order regID differs from firstOrder
 			ExpectReuse: false,
 		},
+		{
+			Name: "Duplicate order, different profile",
+			OrderReq: &rapb.NewOrderRequest{
+				RegistrationID:         Registration.Id,
+				CertificateProfileName: "different",
+				Names:                  names,
+			},
+			// We do not expect reuse because the profile name differs from firstOrder
+			ExpectReuse: false,
+		},
 		{
 			Name:         "Duplicate order, same regID, first expired",
 			OrderReq:     orderReq,