Dunet is a simple source generator for discriminated unions in C#.
- NuGet:
dotnet add package dunet
// 1. Import the namespace.
using Dunet;
// 2. Add the `Union` attribute to a partial record.
[Union]
partial record Shape
{
// 3. Define the union members as inner partial records.
partial record Circle(double Radius);
partial record Rectangle(double Length, double Width);
partial record Triangle(double Base, double Height);
}
// 4. Use the union members.
var shape = new Shape.Rectangle(3, 4);
var area = shape.Match(
circle => 3.14 * circle.Radius * circle.Radius,
rectangle => rectangle.Length * rectangle.Width,
triangle => triangle.Base * triangle.Height / 2
);
Console.WriteLine(area); // "12"Use generics for more advanced union types. For example, an option monad:
// 1. Import the namespace.
using Dunet;
// Optional: use aliasing for more terse code.
using static Option<int>;
// 2. Add the `Union` attribute to a partial record.
// 3. Add one or more type arguments to the union record.
[Union]
partial record Option<T>
{
partial record Some(T Value);
partial record None();
}
// 4. Use the union members.
Option<int> ParseInt(string? value) =>
int.TryParse(value, out var number)
? new Some(number)
: new None();
string GetOutput(Option<int> number) =>
number.Match(
some => some.Value.ToString(),
none => "Invalid input!"
);
var input = Console.ReadLine(); // User inputs "not a number".
var result = ParseInt(input);
var output = GetOutput(result);
Console.WriteLine(output); // "Invalid input!"
input = Console.ReadLine(); // User inputs "12345".
result = ParseInt(input);
output = GetOutput(result);
Console.WriteLine(output); // "12345".Given a union type where all members contain only a single parameter and all parameters are a different type, Dunet will generate implicit conversions between their values and the union type.
For example, consider a Result union type that represents success
as a double and failure as an Exception:
// 1. Import the namespace.
using Dunet;
// 2. Define a union type with single unique member values:
[Union]
partial record Result
{
partial record Success(double Value);
partial record Failure(Exception Error);
}
// 3. Return union member values directly.
Result Divide(double numerator, double denominator)
{
if (denominator is 0d)
{
// No need for `new Result.Failure(new InvalidOperationException("..."));`
return new InvalidOperationException("Cannot divide by zero!");
}
// No need for `new Result.Success(...);`
return numerator / denominator;
}
var result = Divide(42, 0);
var output = result.Match(
success => success.Value.ToString(),
failure => failure.Error.Message
);
Console.WriteLine(output); // "Cannot divide by zero!"