Also discard 'caches' and 'backfill' stream POSITIONS (#16655)

Follow on from #16640

changelog.d/16655.misc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+More efficiently handle no-op `POSITION` over replication.

synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py

@@ -305,6 +305,14 @@ def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
         # which means we need to negate it.
         return -self.store._backfill_id_gen.get_minimal_local_current_token()
 
+    def can_discard_position(
+        self, instance_name: str, prev_token: int, new_token: int
+    ) -> bool:
+        # Backfill stream can't go backwards, so we know we can ignore any
+        # positions where the tokens are from before the current token.
+
+        return new_token <= self.current_token(instance_name)
+
 
 class PresenceStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
     @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
@@ -519,6 +527,14 @@ def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
             return self.store._cache_id_gen.get_minimal_local_current_token()
         return self.current_token(self.local_instance_name)
 
+    def can_discard_position(
+        self, instance_name: str, prev_token: int, new_token: int
+    ) -> bool:
+        # Caches streams can't go backwards, so we know we can ignore any
+        # positions where the tokens are from before the current token.
+
+        return new_token <= self.current_token(instance_name)
+
 
 class DeviceListsStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
     """Either a user has updated their devices or a remote server needs to be