ci: Run tests on `v*` branches #6706

Job	Run time
External Tests	1m 9s
Test on 3.8 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	36s
Test on 3.9 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	31s
Test on 3.10 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	33s
Test on 3.11 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	30s
Test on 3.12 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	33s
Test on 3.13 (tests) / ubuntu-latest	39s
Test on 3.8 (tests) / macos-latest	1m 7s
Test on 3.9 (tests) / macos-latest	40s
Test on 3.10 (tests) / macos-latest	35s
Test on 3.11 (tests) / macos-latest	36s
Test on 3.12 (tests) / macos-latest	36s
Test on 3.13 (tests) / macos-latest	35s
Test on 3.8 (tests) / windows-latest	54s
Test on 3.9 (tests) / windows-latest	55s
Test on 3.10 (tests) / windows-latest	54s
Test on 3.11 (tests) / windows-latest	55s
Test on 3.12 (tests) / windows-latest	55s
Test on 3.13 (tests) / windows-latest	54s
Test on 3.13 (doctest) / ubuntu-latest	21s
Test on 3.12 (mypy) / ubuntu-latest	29s
Test on 3.12 (deps) / ubuntu-latest	13s
Coverage	1s
	15m 11s

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