Tutorial_Bash_Arrays.ipynb

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    "# Bash Array Tutorial\n",
    "\n",
    "### Resources\n",
    "\n",
    "This tutorial was inspired by several online  <a href=\"#basharray_resources\">resources</a> cited below\n",
    "\n",
    "## What software versions are we using?\n",
    "\n",
    "In the interest of documenting our experiment, let's first document what OS, what shell and other tool versions we are using\n",
    "\n",
    "### OS version"
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      "Running kernel version:\r\n",
      "\t Linux notebook-server 3.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt11-1+deb8u2~bpo70+1 (2015-07-22) x86_64 GNU/Linux\r\n",
      "Running release:\r\n",
      "    PRETTY_NAME=\"Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)\"\r\n",
      "    NAME=\"Debian GNU/Linux\"\r\n",
      "    VERSION_ID=\"8\"\r\n",
      "    VERSION=\"8 (jessie)\"\r\n",
      "    ID=debian\r\n",
      "    HOME_URL=\"http://www.debian.org/\"\r\n",
      "    SUPPORT_URL=\"http://www.debian.org/support/\"\r\n",
      "    BUG_REPORT_URL=\"https://bugs.debian.org/\"\r\n"
     ]
    }
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   "source": [
    "echo -e \"Running kernel version:\\n\\t\" $(uname -a)\n",
    "RELEASE_INFO=$(cat /etc/*release 2>/dev/null)\n",
    "[ ! -z \"$RELEASE_INFO\" ] &&\n",
    "    echo -e \"Running release:\"; sed 's/^/    /' /etc/*release"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "## bash version"
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     "text": [
      "GNU bash, version 4.3.30(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)\r\n",
      "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n",
      "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.\r\n",
      "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bash --version"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Bash Arrays"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "In newer versions of bash (bash v3) array variables are supported and more recently (bash v4) support associative arrays.\n",
    "\n",
    "In bash variables are normally set as\n",
    "```VARIABLE=VALUE```\n",
    "\n",
    "e.g."
   ]
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     "text": [
      "my scalar variable 'VAR'\r\n"
     ]
    }
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   "source": [
    "VAR=\"my scalar variable 'VAR'\";\n",
    "echo $VAR"
   ]
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    "Bash also allows array variables to be declared in several ways, either by specifying an index as\n",
    "\n",
    "    VAR[10]=\"value\"\n",
    "\n",
    "or by declaring the variable as an array using\n",
    "\n",
    "    declare -a VAR\n",
    "    \n",
    "or as\n",
    "\n",
    "    VAR=(zero one two three)"
   ]
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     "text": [
      "element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n"
     ]
    }
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   "source": [
    "VAR[10]=\"element 10 of array 'VAR'\"\n",
    "echo ${VAR[10]}"
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    "Note that we have not modified the scalar VAR variable, we have created another variable VAR which is an array.\n",
    "\n",
    "Below, we can see that both are still separately defined:"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "echo $VAR\n",
    "echo ${VAR[10]}"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "... well almost, as it seems our VAR now appears as an element of VAR[]\n",
    "\n",
    "we can list all array elements\n"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "VAR3[aa]=\"hello\""
   ]
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   "source": [
    "echo ${VAR3[*]}\n",
    "echo ${#VAR3[*]}"
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   "source": [
    "echo ${!VAR3[@]}"
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     "text": [
      "X0\r\n",
      "Yaa\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "declare -A VAR4\n",
    "VAR4[aa]=\"hello\"\n",
    "echo \"X${!VAR3[@]}\"\n",
    "echo \"Y${!VAR4[@]}\""
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     "text": [
      "my scalar variable 'VAR' element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n",
      "my scalar variable 'VAR'\r\n",
      "2\r\n",
      "2\r\n",
      "my scalar variable 'VAR' element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n",
      "bash: *: syntax error: operand expected (error token is \"*\")\r\n"
     ]
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   "source": [
    "echo \"${VAR[*]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${VAR['']}\"\n",
    "echo \"${#VAR[*]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${#VAR[@]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${VAR[@]}\"\n",
    "echo ${#VAR[\"*\"]}"
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      "my scalar variable 'VAR'\r\n",
      "element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n"
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    "VAR2=(\"elem zero\" one \"two\" \"three\")"
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     "text": [
      "one\r\n"
     ]
    }
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    "echo ${VAR2[1]}"
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    "We can al"
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      "my scalar variable 'VAR' element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n",
      "2\r\n",
      "2\r\n",
      "my scalar variable 'VAR' element 10 of array 'VAR'\r\n",
      "bash: *: syntax error: operand expected (error token is \"*\")\r\n"
     ]
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    "echo \"${VAR[*]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${#VAR[*]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${#VAR[@]}\"\n",
    "echo \"${VAR[@]}\"\n",
    "echo ${#VAR[\"*\"]}"
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    "var[1]=\"hello\""
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    "echo $var"
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      "\r\n"
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    "echo $var"
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      "BASH(1)                     General Commands Manual                    BASH(1)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE\r\n",
      "       bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSY\bYN\bNO\bOP\bPS\bSI\bIS\bS\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bas\bsh\bh [options] [command_string | file]\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "C\bCO\bOP\bPY\bYR\bRI\bIG\bGH\bHT\bT\r\n",
      "       Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2013 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "D\bDE\bES\bSC\bCR\bRI\bIP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  is  an  s\bsh\bh-compatible  command language interpreter that executes\r\n",
      "       commands read from the standard input or from a file.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh also incor-\r\n",
      "       porates useful features from the _\bK_\bo_\br_\bn and _\bC shells (k\bks\bsh\bh and c\bcs\bsh\bh).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  is  intended  to  be a conformant implementation of the Shell and\r\n",
      "       Utilities portion  of  the  IEEE  POSIX  specification  (IEEE  Standard\r\n",
      "       1003.1).  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "       All  of  the  single-character shell options documented in the descrip-\r\n",
      "       tion of the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command can be used as options when  the  shell\r\n",
      "       is invoked.  In addition, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh interprets the following options when it\r\n",
      "       is invoked:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b-c\bc        If the -\b-c\bc option is present, then commands are read from  the\r\n",
      "                 first non-option argument _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b__\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  If there are argu-\r\n",
      "                 ments after the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b__\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg,  they  are  assigned  to  the\r\n",
      "                 positional parameters, starting with $\b$0\b0.\r\n",
      "       -\b-i\bi        If the -\b-i\bi option is present, the shell is _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bv_\be.\r\n",
      "       -\b-l\bl        Make b\bba\bas\bsh\bh act as if it had been invoked as a login shell (see\r\n",
      "                 I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).\r\n",
      "       -\b-r\br        If the -\b-r\br option is present,  the  shell  becomes  _\br_\be_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd\r\n",
      "                 (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below).\r\n",
      "       -\b-s\bs        If  the -\b-s\bs option is present, or if no arguments remain after\r\n",
      "                 option processing, then commands are read from  the  standard\r\n",
      "                 input.   This  option  allows the positional parameters to be\r\n",
      "                 set when invoking an interactive shell.\r\n",
      "       -\b-D\bD        A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by $\b$ is  printed\r\n",
      "                 on  the standard output.  These are the strings that are sub-\r\n",
      "                 ject to language translation when the current locale is not C\bC\r\n",
      "                 or  P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX.   This  implies the -\b-n\bn option; no commands will be\r\n",
      "                 executed.\r\n",
      "       [\b[-\b-+\b+]\b]O\bO [\b[_\bs_\bh_\bo_\bp_\bt_\b__\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]\b]\r\n",
      "                 _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bp_\bt_\b__\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is one of the  shell  options  accepted  by  the\r\n",
      "                 s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt   builtin  (see  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL  B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS  below).   If\r\n",
      "                 _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bp_\bt_\b__\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is present, -\b-O\bO sets the value of that option; +\b+O\bO\r\n",
      "                 unsets  it.   If  _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bp_\bt_\b__\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is not supplied, the names and\r\n",
      "                 values of the shell options accepted by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt are printed  on\r\n",
      "                 the  standard  output.   If  the invocation option is +\b+O\bO, the\r\n",
      "                 output is displayed in a format that may be reused as input.\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-        A -\b--\b- signals the end of options and disables  further  option\r\n",
      "                 processing.   Any arguments after the -\b--\b- are treated as file-\r\n",
      "                 names and arguments.  An argument of -\b- is equivalent to -\b--\b-.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh also  interprets  a  number  of  multi-character  options.   These\r\n",
      "       options  must  appear  on  the command line before the single-character\r\n",
      "       options to be recognized.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-d\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bgg\bge\ber\br\r\n",
      "              Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell\r\n",
      "              starts.   Turns  on extended debugging mode (see the description\r\n",
      "              of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below).\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-p\bpo\bo-\b-s\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bgs\bs\r\n",
      "              Equivalent to -\b-D\bD, but the output is in the GNU _\bg_\be_\bt_\bt_\be_\bx_\bt p\bpo\bo  (por-\r\n",
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      "       -\b--\b-d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-s\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bgs\bs\r\n",
      "              Equivalent to -\b-D\bD.\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-h\bhe\bel\blp\bp Display  a  usage  message  on standard output and exit success-\r\n",
      "              fully.\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
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      "              ization file _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc if the shell is interactive (see  I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bA-\b-\r\n",
      "              T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn\r\n",
      "              Equivalent to -\b-l\bl.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "              Do  not  use the GNU r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be library to read command lines when\r\n",
      "              the shell is interactive.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-n\bno\bop\bpr\bro\bof\bfi\bil\ble\be\r\n",
      "              Do not read either the system-wide startup file _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be  or\r\n",
      "              any   of  the  personal  initialization  files  _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be,\r\n",
      "              _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn, or _\b~_\b/_\b._\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be.   By  default,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  reads  these\r\n",
      "              files  when  it  is  invoked  as  a  login shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "              below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-n\bno\bor\brc\bc Do not read and execute  the  system  wide  initialization  file\r\n",
      "              _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc  and the personal initialization file _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc\r\n",
      "              if the shell is interactive.  This option is on  by  default  if\r\n",
      "              the shell is invoked as s\bsh\bh.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
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      "              from the POSIX standard to match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).  See\r\n",
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      "              posix mode affects bash's behavior.\r\n",
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      "       -\b--\b-r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd\r\n",
      "              The shell becomes restricted (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be\r\n",
      "              Equivalent to  -\b-v\bv.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b--\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
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      "       tus  of  the  last  command executed in the script.  If no commands are\r\n",
      "       executed, the exit status is 0.  An attempt is first made to  open  the\r\n",
      "       file in the current directory, and, if no file is found, then the shell\r\n",
      "       searches the directories in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for the script.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       A _\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl is one whose first character of argument zero is a -\b-,  or\r\n",
      "       one started with the -\b--\b-l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn option.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       An  _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bv_\be  shell  is one started without non-option arguments and\r\n",
      "       without the -\b-c\bc option whose standard input and error are both connected\r\n",
      "       to  terminals  (as determined by _\bi_\bs_\ba_\bt_\bt_\by(3)), or one started with the -\b-i\bi\r\n",
      "       option.  P\bPS\bS1\b1 is set and $\b$-\b- includes i\bi if b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive,  allowing\r\n",
      "       a shell script or a startup file to test this state.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  following paragraphs describe how b\bba\bas\bsh\bh executes its startup files.\r\n",
      "       If any of the files exist but cannot be read, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  reports  an  error.\r\n",
      "       Tildes  are expanded in filenames as described below under T\bTi\bil\bld\bde\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bn-\b-\r\n",
      "       s\bsi\bio\bon\bn in the E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN section.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a  non-inter-\r\n",
      "       active  shell with the -\b--\b-l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn option, it first reads and executes com-\r\n",
      "       mands from the file _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be, if that file exists.   After  reading\r\n",
      "       that file, it looks for _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be, _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn, and _\b~_\b/_\b._\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be,\r\n",
      "       in that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one  that\r\n",
      "       exists  and  is  readable.  The -\b--\b-n\bno\bop\bpr\bro\bof\bfi\bil\ble\be option may be used when the\r\n",
      "       shell is started to inhibit this behavior.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When a login shell exits, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reads and  executes  commands  from  the\r\n",
      "       file _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bo_\bu_\bt, if it exists.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  an  interactive  shell that is not a login shell is started, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       reads and executes commands from  _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc  and  _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc,  if\r\n",
      "       these  files  exist.  This may be inhibited by using the -\b--\b-n\bno\bor\brc\bc option.\r\n",
      "       The -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be option will force b\bba\bas\bsh\bh to read and  execute  commands\r\n",
      "       from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be instead of _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc and _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  is  started  non-interactively,  to run a shell script, for\r\n",
      "       example, it looks for the variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV in the environment, expands\r\n",
      "       its  value if it appears there, and uses the expanded value as the name\r\n",
      "       of a file to read and execute.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh behaves as if the  following  com-\r\n",
      "       mand were executed:\r\n",
      "              if [ -n \"$BASH_ENV\" ]; then . \"$BASH_ENV\"; fi\r\n",
      "       but  the value of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH variable is not used to search for the file-\r\n",
      "       name.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is invoked with the name s\bsh\bh, it  tries  to  mimic  the  startup\r\n",
      "       behavior  of  historical  versions  of s\bsh\bh as closely as possible, while\r\n",
      "       conforming to the POSIX standard as well.  When invoked as an  interac-\r\n",
      "       tive  login  shell, or a non-interactive shell with the -\b--\b-l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn option,\r\n",
      "       it first attempts to read and execute commands  from  _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be  and\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be,  in  that  order.   The  -\b--\b-n\bno\bop\bpr\bro\bof\bfi\bil\ble\be  option may be used to\r\n",
      "       inhibit this behavior.  When invoked as an interactive shell  with  the\r\n",
      "       name  s\bsh\bh,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  looks for the variable E\bEN\bNV\bV, expands its value if it is\r\n",
      "       defined, and uses the expanded value as the name of a file to read  and\r\n",
      "       execute.  Since a shell invoked as s\bsh\bh does not attempt to read and exe-\r\n",
      "       cute commands from any other startup files, the -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be option has  no\r\n",
      "       effect.   A  non-interactive  shell  invoked  with the name s\bsh\bh does not\r\n",
      "       attempt to read any other startup files.   When  invoked  as  s\bsh\bh,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       enters _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode after the startup files are read.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  is  started in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, as with the -\b--\b-p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx command line\r\n",
      "       option, it follows the POSIX standard for startup files.  In this mode,\r\n",
      "       interactive  shells  expand  the E\bEN\bNV\bV variable and commands are read and\r\n",
      "       executed from the file whose name is  the  expanded  value.   No  other\r\n",
      "       startup files are read.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input\r\n",
      "       connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell\r\n",
      "       daemon,  usually _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd, or the secure shell daemon _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd.  If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh deter-\r\n",
      "       mines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and  executes  commands\r\n",
      "       from  _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc  and  _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc, if these files exist and are readable.\r\n",
      "       It will not do this if invoked as s\bsh\bh.  The -\b--\b-n\bno\bor\brc\bc option may be used to\r\n",
      "       inhibit  this  behavior,  and  the -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be option may be used to force\r\n",
      "       another file to be read, but neither _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd nor _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd generally invoke the\r\n",
      "       shell with those options or allow them to be specified.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to\r\n",
      "       the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, no startup\r\n",
      "       files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,\r\n",
      "       the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH,  and  G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE  variables,  if  they\r\n",
      "       appear  in  the  environment, are ignored, and the effective user id is\r\n",
      "       set to the real user id.  If the -\b-p\bp option is supplied  at  invocation,\r\n",
      "       the  startup  behavior  is  the  same, but the effective user id is not\r\n",
      "       reset.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "       The following definitions are used throughout the rest  of  this  docu-\r\n",
      "       ment.\r\n",
      "       b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk  A space or tab.\r\n",
      "       w\bwo\bor\brd\bd   A  sequence  of  characters  considered  as a single unit by the\r\n",
      "              shell.  Also known as a t\bto\bok\bke\ben\bn.\r\n",
      "       n\bna\bam\bme\be   A _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd consisting only of  alphanumeric  characters  and  under-\r\n",
      "              scores,  and beginning with an alphabetic character or an under-\r\n",
      "              score.  Also referred to as an i\bid\bde\ben\bnt\bti\bif\bfi\bie\ber\br.\r\n",
      "       m\bme\bet\bta\bac\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br\r\n",
      "              A character that, when unquoted, separates words.   One  of  the\r\n",
      "              following:\r\n",
      "              |\b|  &\b& ;\b; (\b( )\b) <\b< >\b> s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be t\bta\bab\bb\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bon\bnt\btr\bro\bol\bl o\bop\bpe\ber\bra\bat\bto\bor\br\r\n",
      "              A _\bt_\bo_\bk_\be_\bn that performs a control function.  It is one of the fol-\r\n",
      "              lowing symbols:\r\n",
      "              |\b||\b| &\b& &\b&&\b& ;\b; ;\b;;\b; (\b( )\b) |\b| |\b|&\b& <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "R\bRE\bES\bSE\bER\bRV\bVE\bED\bD W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS\r\n",
      "       _\bR_\be_\bs_\be_\br_\bv_\be_\bd _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs are words that have a special meaning to the shell.  The\r\n",
      "       following words are recognized as reserved when unquoted and either the\r\n",
      "       first word of a simple command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR below) or  the  third\r\n",
      "       word of a c\bca\bas\bse\be or f\bfo\bor\br command:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       !\b!  c\bca\bas\bse\be   c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc   d\bdo\bo  d\bdo\bon\bne\be e\bel\bli\bif\bf e\bel\bls\bse\be e\bes\bsa\bac\bc f\bfi\bi f\bfo\bor\br f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn i\bif\bf i\bin\bn s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt\r\n",
      "       t\bth\bhe\ben\bn u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be {\b{ }\b} t\bti\bim\bme\be [\b[[\b[ ]\b]]\b]\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR\r\n",
      "   S\bSi\bim\bmp\bpl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs\r\n",
      "       A _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is a sequence of optional  variable  assignments  fol-\r\n",
      "       lowed  by  b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk-separated  words and redirections, and terminated by a\r\n",
      "       _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl _\bo_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br.  The first word specifies the command to be executed,\r\n",
      "       and  is  passed  as  argument  zero.  The remaining words are passed as\r\n",
      "       arguments to the invoked command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The return value of a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is its exit status,  or  128+_\bn  if\r\n",
      "       the command is terminated by signal _\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPi\bip\bpe\bel\bli\bin\bne\bes\bs\r\n",
      "       A  _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be  is  a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of\r\n",
      "       the control operators |\b| or |\b|&\b&.  The format for a pipeline is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [t\bti\bim\bme\be [-\b-p\bp]] [ ! ] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [ [|\b|||\b|&\b&] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 ... ]\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The standard output of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is connected via a pipe to the  standard\r\n",
      "       input  of  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2.   This connection is performed before any redirec-\r\n",
      "       tions specified by the command (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).  If |\b|&\b& is used,\r\n",
      "       _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd's  standard  error, in addition to its standard output, is con-\r\n",
      "       nected to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2's standard input through the pipe; it  is  shorthand\r\n",
      "       for  2\b2>\b>&\b&1\b1  |\b|.   This  implicit redirection of the standard error to the\r\n",
      "       standard output is performed after any redirections  specified  by  the\r\n",
      "       command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The return status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command,\r\n",
      "       unless the p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl option is enabled.  If  p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl  is  enabled,  the\r\n",
      "       pipeline's  return  status is the value of the last (rightmost) command\r\n",
      "       to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands  exit  success-\r\n",
      "       fully.  If the reserved word !\b!  precedes a pipeline, the exit status of\r\n",
      "       that pipeline is the logical negation of the exit status  as  described\r\n",
      "       above.   The  shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate\r\n",
      "       before returning a value.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the t\bti\bim\bme\be reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as  well  as\r\n",
      "       user  and  system  time consumed by its execution are reported when the\r\n",
      "       pipeline terminates.  The -\b-p\bp option changes the output format  to  that\r\n",
      "       specified  by POSIX.  When the shell is in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, it does not rec-\r\n",
      "       ognize t\bti\bim\bme\be as a reserved word if the next token  begins  with  a  `-'.\r\n",
      "       The  T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT  variable  may be set to a format string that specifies\r\n",
      "       how the timing information should be displayed; see the description  of\r\n",
      "       T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs below.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When the shell is in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, t\bti\bim\bme\be may be followed by a newline.  In\r\n",
      "       this case, the shell displays the total user and system  time  consumed\r\n",
      "       by  the shell and its children.  The T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable may be used to\r\n",
      "       specify the format of the time information.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Each command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e.,  in\r\n",
      "       a subshell).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   L\bLi\bis\bst\bts\bs\r\n",
      "       A  _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the\r\n",
      "       operators ;\b;, &\b&, &\b&&\b&, or |\b||\b|, and optionally terminated by one of ;\b;, &\b&, or\r\n",
      "       <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Of these list operators, &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| have equal precedence, followed by ;\b;\r\n",
      "       and &\b&, which have equal precedence.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  instead  of  a\r\n",
      "       semicolon to delimit commands.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  a  command  is terminated by the control operator &\b&, the shell exe-\r\n",
      "       cutes the command in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd in a subshell.  The shell does  not\r\n",
      "       wait  for  the command to finish, and the return status is 0.  Commands\r\n",
      "       separated by a ;\b; are executed sequentially; the shell  waits  for  each\r\n",
      "       command  to terminate in turn.  The return status is the exit status of\r\n",
      "       the last command executed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more  pipelines  separated  by\r\n",
      "       the  &\b&&\b&  and  |\b||\b| control operators, respectively.  AND and OR lists are\r\n",
      "       executed with left associativity.  An AND list has the form\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 &\b&&\b& _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2 is executed if, and only if, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns an  exit  status\r\n",
      "       of zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       An OR list has the form\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 |\b||\b| _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b2  is  executed  if and only if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b1 returns a non-zero exit\r\n",
      "       status.  The return status of AND and OR lists is the  exit  status  of\r\n",
      "       the last command executed in the list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs\r\n",
      "       A  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is one of the following.  In most cases a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt in a\r\n",
      "       command's description may be separated from the rest of the command  by\r\n",
      "       one  or  more  newlines, and may be followed by a newline in place of a\r\n",
      "       semicolon.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       (_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in a subshell environment (see  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD  E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bU-\b-\r\n",
      "              T\bTI\bIO\bON\bN  E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT below).  Variable assignments and builtin com-\r\n",
      "              mands that affect the  shell's  environment  do  not  remain  in\r\n",
      "              effect  after  the  command completes.  The return status is the\r\n",
      "              exit status of _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       { _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; }\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is simply executed in the current shell environment.   _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt\r\n",
      "              must  be  terminated with a newline or semicolon.  This is known\r\n",
      "              as a _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.  The return status is  the  exit  status  of\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.   Note that unlike the metacharacters (\b( and )\b), {\b{ and }\b} are\r\n",
      "              _\br_\be_\bs_\be_\br_\bv_\be_\bd _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs and must occur where a reserved word is permitted\r\n",
      "              to  be  recognized.   Since they do not cause a word break, they\r\n",
      "              must be separated from  _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  by  whitespace  or  another  shell\r\n",
      "              metacharacter.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ((_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn))\r\n",
      "              The  _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn  is  evaluated  according to the rules described\r\n",
      "              below under A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.  If the value of the  expres-\r\n",
      "              sion  is  non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return\r\n",
      "              status is 1.  This is exactly equivalent to l\ble\bet\bt \"\b\"_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn\"\b\".\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       [\b[[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn ]\b]]\b]\r\n",
      "              Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on  the  evaluation  of  the\r\n",
      "              conditional  expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn.  Expressions are composed of\r\n",
      "              the primaries described  below  under  C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL  E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.\r\n",
      "              Word  splitting  and pathname expansion are not performed on the\r\n",
      "              words between the [\b[[\b[ and  ]\b]]\b];  tilde  expansion,  parameter  and\r\n",
      "              variable  expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,\r\n",
      "              process substitution, and quote removal are  performed.   Condi-\r\n",
      "              tional operators such as -\b-f\bf must be unquoted to be recognized as\r\n",
      "              primaries.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              When used with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort  lexicographically\r\n",
      "              using the current locale.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       See  the description of the _\bt_\be_\bs_\bt builtin command (section SHELL BUILTIN\r\n",
      "       COMMANDS below) for the handling of parameters (i.e.   missing  parame-\r\n",
      "       ters).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  the  =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b= operators are used, the string to the right of the\r\n",
      "       operator is considered a pattern and matched  according  to  the  rules\r\n",
      "       described  below under P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg, as if the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option\r\n",
      "       were enabled.  The =\b= operator is equivalent to =\b==\b=.  If the shell option\r\n",
      "       n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh  is  enabled,  the match is performed without regard to the\r\n",
      "       case of alphabetic characters.  The return value is  0  if  the  string\r\n",
      "       matches  (=\b==\b=) or does not match (!\b!=\b=) the pattern, and 1 otherwise.  Any\r\n",
      "       part of the pattern may be quoted to force the  quoted  portion  to  be\r\n",
      "       matched as a string.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       An  additional  binary operator, =\b=~\b~, is available, with the same prece-\r\n",
      "       dence as =\b==\b= and !\b!=\b=.  When it is used, the string to the  right  of  the\r\n",
      "       operator  is  considered  an  extended  regular  expression and matched\r\n",
      "       accordingly (as in _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx(3)).  The return value  is  0  if  the  string\r\n",
      "       matches  the  pattern,  and  1 otherwise.  If the regular expression is\r\n",
      "       syntactically incorrect, the conditional expression's return  value  is\r\n",
      "       2.   If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is performed\r\n",
      "       without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.  Any part  of  the\r\n",
      "       pattern  may  be  quoted to force the quoted portion to be matched as a\r\n",
      "       string.  Bracket expressions in regular  expressions  must  be  treated\r\n",
      "       carefully,  since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between\r\n",
      "       brackets.  If the pattern is stored in a shell  variable,  quoting  the\r\n",
      "       variable expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string.\r\n",
      "       Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within  the  regular\r\n",
      "       expression  are  saved in the array variable B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH.  The element\r\n",
      "       of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index 0 is the portion of the string matching  the\r\n",
      "       entire regular expression.  The element of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index _\bn is\r\n",
      "       the portion of the string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Expressions may be combined using the following  operators,  listed  in\r\n",
      "       decreasing order of precedence:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              (\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn )\b)\r\n",
      "                     Returns  the  value  of  _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn.  This may be used to\r\n",
      "                     override the normal precedence of operators.\r\n",
      "              !\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                     True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is false.\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 &\b&&\b& _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2\r\n",
      "                     True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 are true.\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 |\b||\b| _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2\r\n",
      "                     True if either _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1 or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 is true.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The &\b&&\b& and |\b||\b| operators do not evaluate _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b2 if the value\r\n",
      "              of  _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b1  is  sufficient to determine the return value of\r\n",
      "              the entire conditional expression.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\br _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ [ i\bin\bn [ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\b._\b._\b. ] ] ; ] d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be\r\n",
      "              The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of\r\n",
      "              items.  The variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to each element of this list in\r\n",
      "              turn, and _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed each time.  If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  is  omit-\r\n",
      "              ted,  the  f\bfo\bor\br  command  executes  _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt once for each positional\r\n",
      "              parameter that is set (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).  The return status\r\n",
      "              is  the  exit  status of the last command that executes.  If the\r\n",
      "              expansion of the items following i\bin\bn results in an empty list, no\r\n",
      "              commands are executed, and the return status is 0.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\br (( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 ; _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 )) ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be\r\n",
      "              First, the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 is evaluated according to\r\n",
      "              the rules described  below  under  A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC  E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.   The\r\n",
      "              arithmetic  expression  _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is then evaluated repeatedly until\r\n",
      "              it evaluates to zero.  Each time _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 evaluates to  a  non-zero\r\n",
      "              value,  _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  is executed and the arithmetic expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b3 is\r\n",
      "              evaluated.  If any expression is omitted, it behaves  as  if  it\r\n",
      "              evaluates to 1.  The return value is the exit status of the last\r\n",
      "              command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt that is executed, or false if any of the expres-\r\n",
      "              sions is invalid.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd ] ; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ; d\bdo\bon\bne\be\r\n",
      "              The list of words following i\bin\bn is expanded, generating a list of\r\n",
      "              items.  The set of expanded words is  printed  on  the  standard\r\n",
      "              error,  each  preceded  by a number.  If the i\bin\bn _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is omitted,\r\n",
      "              the positional parameters are printed  (see  P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS  below).\r\n",
      "              The  P\bPS\bS3\b3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan-\r\n",
      "              dard input.  If the line consists of a number  corresponding  to\r\n",
      "              one  of  the  displayed  words, then the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to\r\n",
      "              that word.  If the line is empty, the words and prompt are  dis-\r\n",
      "              played again.  If EOF is read, the command completes.  Any other\r\n",
      "              value read causes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be set to  null.   The  line  read  is\r\n",
      "              saved  in  the  variable R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY.  The _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed after each\r\n",
      "              selection until a b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk command is executed.  The exit status of\r\n",
      "              s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt  is the exit status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,\r\n",
      "              or zero if no commands were executed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bca\bas\bse\be _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd i\bin\bn [ [(] _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ |\b| _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ] ... ) _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt ;; ] ... e\bes\bsa\bac\bc\r\n",
      "              A c\bca\bas\bse\be command first expands _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and tries to match it against\r\n",
      "              each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in turn, using the same matching rules as for path-\r\n",
      "              name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be  E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn  below).   The  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  is\r\n",
      "              expanded  using  tilde  expansion, parameter and variable expan-\r\n",
      "              sion, arithmetic  substitution,  command  substitution,  process\r\n",
      "              substitution  and  quote  removal.   Each  _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn  examined  is\r\n",
      "              expanded using tilde expansion, parameter  and  variable  expan-\r\n",
      "              sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, and process\r\n",
      "              substitution.  If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is  enabled,  the\r\n",
      "              match  is  performed  without  regard  to the case of alphabetic\r\n",
      "              characters.  When a match is found, the  corresponding  _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  is\r\n",
      "              executed.  If the ;\b;;\b; operator is used, no subsequent matches are\r\n",
      "              attempted after the first pattern match.  Using ;\b;&\b& in  place  of\r\n",
      "              ;\b;;\b;  causes  execution  to continue with the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt associated with\r\n",
      "              the next set of patterns.  Using ;\b;;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b;  causes  the\r\n",
      "              shell  to  test  the next pattern list in the statement, if any,\r\n",
      "              and execute any associated _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt on a successful match.  The exit\r\n",
      "              status is zero if no pattern matches.  Otherwise, it is the exit\r\n",
      "              status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; [ e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] ... [ e\bel\bls\bse\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] f\bfi\bi\r\n",
      "              The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed.  If its exit status is zero,  the  t\bth\bhe\ben\bn\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  is  executed.   Otherwise,  each  e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed in\r\n",
      "              turn, and if its exit status is  zero,  the  corresponding  t\bth\bhe\ben\bn\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed and the command completes.  Otherwise, the e\bel\bls\bse\be\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed, if present.  The exit status is the exit  sta-\r\n",
      "              tus of the last command executed, or zero if no condition tested\r\n",
      "              true.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2; d\bdo\bon\bne\be\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1; d\bdo\bo _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2; d\bdo\bon\bne\be\r\n",
      "              The w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be command continuously executes the list _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 as  long\r\n",
      "              as the last command in the list _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1 returns an exit status of\r\n",
      "              zero.  The u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl command is  identical  to  the  w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be  command,\r\n",
      "              except  that  the test is negated; _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2 is executed as long as\r\n",
      "              the last command in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b1 returns a non-zero exit status.   The\r\n",
      "              exit  status  of the w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be and u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl commands is the exit status\r\n",
      "              of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\b2, or zero if none was exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bse\bes\bs\r\n",
      "       A _\bc_\bo_\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs is a shell command preceded by the c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc reserved word.  A\r\n",
      "       coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if  the  command\r\n",
      "       had  been  terminated  with the &\b& control operator, with a two-way pipe\r\n",
      "       established between the executing shell and the coprocess.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The format for a coprocess is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc [_\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs]\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       This creates a coprocess named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE.  If  _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE  is  not  supplied,  the\r\n",
      "       default name is C\bCO\bOP\bPR\bRO\bOC\bC.  _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE must not be supplied if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (see above); otherwise, it is interpreted as the first word\r\n",
      "       of  the simple command.  When the coprocess is executed, the shell cre-\r\n",
      "       ates an array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) named _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE in the context  of\r\n",
      "       the executing shell.  The standard output of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is connected via a\r\n",
      "       pipe to a file  descriptor  in  the  executing  shell,  and  that  file\r\n",
      "       descriptor  is  assigned  to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[0].  The standard input of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is\r\n",
      "       connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing  shell,  and\r\n",
      "       that  file descriptor is assigned to _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE[1].  This pipe is established\r\n",
      "       before any redirections  specified  by  the  command  (see  R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       below).   The  file  descriptors  can be utilized as arguments to shell\r\n",
      "       commands and redirections using standard  word  expansions.   The  file\r\n",
      "       descriptors  are  not  available  in  subshells.  The process ID of the\r\n",
      "       shell spawned to execute the coprocess is available as the value of the\r\n",
      "       variable  _\bN_\bA_\bM_\bE_PID.   The  w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin command may be used to wait for\r\n",
      "       the coprocess to terminate.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command,  the  c\bco\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bc\r\n",
      "       command  always  returns  success.  The return status of a coprocess is\r\n",
      "       the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl F\bFu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn D\bDe\bef\bfi\bin\bni\bit\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs\r\n",
      "       A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command  and\r\n",
      "       executes  a  compound  command with a new set of positional parameters.\r\n",
      "       Shell functions are declared as follows:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be () _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]\r\n",
      "       f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [()] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]\r\n",
      "              This defines a function named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  The reserved word  f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "              is  optional.   If  the  f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn reserved word is supplied, the\r\n",
      "              parentheses are optional.  The _\bb_\bo_\bd_\by of the function is the  com-\r\n",
      "              pound  command  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd  (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above).\r\n",
      "              That command is usually a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt of commands between { and },  but\r\n",
      "              may  be  any command listed under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs above.  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed whenever _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is specified as the name\r\n",
      "              of  a  simple  command.  When in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be may not be the\r\n",
      "              name of one of the POSIX  _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl  _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bs.   Any  redirections\r\n",
      "              (see R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below) specified when a function is defined are\r\n",
      "              performed when the function is executed.  The exit status  of  a\r\n",
      "              function  definition  is  zero unless a syntax error occurs or a\r\n",
      "              readonly function with the same name already exists.  When  exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted,  the  exit status of a function is the exit status of the\r\n",
      "              last command executed in the body.  (See F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below.)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS\r\n",
      "       In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\br-\b-\r\n",
      "       a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs  option  to  the  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt  builtin  is enabled (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "       B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), a word beginning with #\b# causes that  word  and\r\n",
      "       all  remaining  characters  on that line to be ignored.  An interactive\r\n",
      "       shell without the i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option enabled  does  not  allow\r\n",
      "       comments.  The i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs option is on by default in interac-\r\n",
      "       tive shells.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "Q\bQU\bUO\bOT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG\r\n",
      "       _\bQ_\bu_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters  or\r\n",
      "       words  to  the shell.  Quoting can be used to disable special treatment\r\n",
      "       for special characters, to prevent reserved words from being recognized\r\n",
      "       as such, and to prevent parameter expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Each  of  the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs listed above under D\bDE\bEF\bFI\bIN\bNI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS has special\r\n",
      "       meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to represent itself.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see  H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-\r\n",
      "       T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below), the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, usually !\b!, must\r\n",
      "       be quoted to prevent history expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There are  three  quoting  mechanisms:  the  _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be  _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br,  single\r\n",
      "       quotes, and double quotes.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A  non-quoted  backslash (\\\b\\) is the _\be_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bp_\be _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br.  It preserves the\r\n",
      "       literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of\r\n",
      "       <newline>.   If  a  \\\b\\<newline>  pair  appears, and the backslash is not\r\n",
      "       itself quoted, the \\\b\\<newline> is treated as a line  continuation  (that\r\n",
      "       is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Enclosing  characters  in  single quotes preserves the literal value of\r\n",
      "       each character within the quotes.  A single quote may not occur between\r\n",
      "       single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Enclosing  characters  in  double quotes preserves the literal value of\r\n",
      "       all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $\b$, `\b`,  \\\b\\,  and,\r\n",
      "       when  history  expansion  is enabled, !\b!.  The characters $\b$ and `\b` retain\r\n",
      "       their special meaning within double quotes.  The backslash retains  its\r\n",
      "       special  meaning only when followed by one of the following characters:\r\n",
      "       $\b$, `\b`, \"\b\", \\\b\\, or <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>.  A double quote may be quoted  within  double\r\n",
      "       quotes by preceding it with a backslash.  If enabled, history expansion\r\n",
      "       will be performed unless an !\b!  appearing in double  quotes  is  escaped\r\n",
      "       using a backslash.  The backslash preceding the !\b!  is not removed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  special  parameters  *\b*  and  @\b@ have special meaning when in double\r\n",
      "       quotes (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Words of the form $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' are treated specially.  The word expands to\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg,  with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the\r\n",
      "       ANSI C standard.  Backslash escape sequences, if present,  are  decoded\r\n",
      "       as follows:\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\a\ba     alert (bell)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\b\bb     backspace\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\e\be\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\E\bE     an escape character\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\f\bf     form feed\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\n\bn     new line\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\r\br     carriage return\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\t\bt     horizontal tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\v\bv     vertical tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\\\b\\     backslash\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\'\b'     single quote\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\"\b\"     double quote\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\_\bn_\bn_\bn   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value\r\n",
      "                     _\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\x\bx_\bH_\bH   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal\r\n",
      "                     value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the  Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the\r\n",
      "                     hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH\r\n",
      "                     the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is  the\r\n",
      "                     hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\c\bc_\bx    a control-_\bx character\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  expanded  result  is  single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not\r\n",
      "       been present.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($\b$\"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\") will cause\r\n",
      "       the  string  to  be translated according to the current locale.  If the\r\n",
      "       current locale is C\bC or P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX, the  dollar  sign  is  ignored.   If  the\r\n",
      "       string is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS\r\n",
      "       A  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an entity that stores values.  It can be a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a num-\r\n",
      "       ber, or one of the special characters listed below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bm-\b-\r\n",
      "       e\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs.   A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be is a parameter denoted by a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  A variable has a\r\n",
      "       _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be and zero or more _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs.  Attributes are assigned  using  the\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin command (see d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be below in S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value.  The null string is\r\n",
      "       a valid value.  Once a variable is set, it may be unset only  by  using\r\n",
      "       the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be may be assigned to by a statement of the form\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=[_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be]\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be  is not given, the variable is assigned the null string.  All\r\n",
      "       _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\bs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,  com-\r\n",
      "       mand  substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bN-\b-\r\n",
      "       S\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below).  If the variable has its i\bin\bnt\bte\beg\bge\ber\br attribute set, then _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be\r\n",
      "       is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the $((...)) expansion\r\n",
      "       is not used (see A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below).  Word  splitting  is  not\r\n",
      "       performed,  with the exception of \"\b\"$\b$@\b@\"\b\" as explained below under S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl\r\n",
      "       P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs.  Pathname expansion is not  performed.   Assignment  state-\r\n",
      "       ments  may  also  appear  as  arguments to the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt,\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt, r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by, and l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin  commands.   When  in  _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx  _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be,\r\n",
      "       these  builtins  may appear in a command after one or more instances of\r\n",
      "       the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin and retain these assignment statement properties.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to  a\r\n",
      "       shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to append to\r\n",
      "       or add to the variable's previous value.  When += is applied to a vari-\r\n",
      "       able  for  which the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute has been set, _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is evaluated\r\n",
      "       as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current  value,\r\n",
      "       which is also evaluated.  When += is applied to an array variable using\r\n",
      "       compound assignment (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below), the  variable's  value  is  not\r\n",
      "       unset (as it is when using =), and new values are appended to the array\r\n",
      "       beginning at one greater than the array's maximum  index  (for  indexed\r\n",
      "       arrays) or added as additional key-value pairs in an associative array.\r\n",
      "       When applied  to  a  string-valued  variable,  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be  is  expanded  and\r\n",
      "       appended to the variable's value.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A variable can be assigned the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute using the -\b-n\bn option to\r\n",
      "       the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin commands (see the descriptions of  d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be\r\n",
      "       and  l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl  below) to create a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf, or a reference to another vari-\r\n",
      "       able.  This allows variables to be  manipulated  indirectly.   Whenever\r\n",
      "       the  nameref  variable  is  referenced or assigned to, the operation is\r\n",
      "       actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref  variable's\r\n",
      "       value.  A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a\r\n",
      "       variable whose name is passed as an  argument  to  the  function.   For\r\n",
      "       instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first\r\n",
      "       argument, running\r\n",
      "              declare -n ref=$1\r\n",
      "       inside the function creates a nameref variable r\bre\bef\bf whose value  is  the\r\n",
      "       variable name passed as the first argument.  References and assignments\r\n",
      "       to r\bre\bef\bf are treated as references and assignments to the variable  whose\r\n",
      "       name  was  passed as $\b$1\b1.  If the control variable in a f\bfo\bor\br loop has the\r\n",
      "       nameref attribute, the list of words can be a list of shell  variables,\r\n",
      "       and  a name reference will be established for each word in the list, in\r\n",
      "       turn, when the loop is executed.  Array variables cannot be  given  the\r\n",
      "       -\b-n\bn attribute.  However, nameref variables can reference array variables\r\n",
      "       and subscripted array variables.  Namerefs can be unset  using  the  -\b-n\bn\r\n",
      "       option  to the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin.  Otherwise, if u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt is executed with the\r\n",
      "       name of a nameref variable as an argument, the variable  referenced  by\r\n",
      "       the nameref variable will be unset.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPo\bos\bsi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       A  _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,\r\n",
      "       other than the single digit 0.  Positional parameters are assigned from\r\n",
      "       the  shell's  arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using\r\n",
      "       the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command.  Positional parameters may not be assigned  to\r\n",
      "       with  assignment statements.  The positional parameters are temporarily\r\n",
      "       replaced when a shell function is executed (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single  digit  is\r\n",
      "       expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       The  shell  treats  several parameters specially.  These parameters may\r\n",
      "       only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.\r\n",
      "       *\b*      Expands to the positional parameters, starting from  one.   When\r\n",
      "              the  expansion  is  not  within  double  quotes, each positional\r\n",
      "              parameter expands to a separate word.  In contexts where  it  is\r\n",
      "              performed, those words are subject to further word splitting and\r\n",
      "              pathname expansion.  When the  expansion  occurs  within  double\r\n",
      "              quotes,  it  expands  to  a  single  word with the value of each\r\n",
      "              parameter separated by the first character of  the  I\bIF\bFS\bS  special\r\n",
      "              variable.   That  is, \"$\b$*\b*\" is equivalent to \"$\b$1\b1_\bc$\b$2\b2_\bc.\b..\b..\b.\", where _\bc\r\n",
      "              is the first character of the value of the I\bIF\bFS\bS variable.  If I\bIF\bFS\bS\r\n",
      "              is  unset,  the  parameters  are separated by spaces.  If I\bIF\bFS\bS is\r\n",
      "              null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators.\r\n",
      "       @\b@      Expands to the positional parameters, starting from  one.   When\r\n",
      "              the  expansion  occurs  within  double  quotes,  each  parameter\r\n",
      "              expands to a separate word.  That is, \"$\b$@\b@\" is equivalent to \"$\b$1\b1\"\r\n",
      "              \"$\b$2\b2\"  ...   If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,\r\n",
      "              the expansion of the first parameter is joined with  the  begin-\r\n",
      "              ning  part  of  the original word, and the expansion of the last\r\n",
      "              parameter is joined with the last part  of  the  original  word.\r\n",
      "              When  there  are no positional parameters, \"$\b$@\b@\" and $\b$@\b@ expand to\r\n",
      "              nothing (i.e., they are removed).\r\n",
      "       #\b#      Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.\r\n",
      "       ?\b?      Expands to the exit status of the most recently  executed  fore-\r\n",
      "              ground pipeline.\r\n",
      "       -\b-      Expands  to  the  current option flags as specified upon invoca-\r\n",
      "              tion, by the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command, or  those  set  by  the  shell\r\n",
      "              itself (such as the -\b-i\bi option).\r\n",
      "       $\b$      Expands  to  the  process ID of the shell.  In a () subshell, it\r\n",
      "              expands to the process ID of the current  shell,  not  the  sub-\r\n",
      "              shell.\r\n",
      "       !\b!      Expands  to  the process ID of the job most recently placed into\r\n",
      "              the background, whether executed as an asynchronous  command  or\r\n",
      "              using the b\bbg\bg builtin (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL below).\r\n",
      "       0\b0      Expands  to  the name of the shell or shell script.  This is set\r\n",
      "              at shell initialization.  If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is invoked with a file of com-\r\n",
      "              mands,  $\b$0\b0  is set to the name of that file.  If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started\r\n",
      "              with the -\b-c\bc option, then $\b$0\b0 is set to the first  argument  after\r\n",
      "              the  string to be executed, if one is present.  Otherwise, it is\r\n",
      "              set to the filename used to invoke b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, as  given  by  argument\r\n",
      "              zero.\r\n",
      "       _\b_      At  shell  startup,  set to the absolute pathname used to invoke\r\n",
      "              the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the  envi-\r\n",
      "              ronment  or  argument  list.   Subsequently, expands to the last\r\n",
      "              argument to the previous command, after expansion.  Also set  to\r\n",
      "              the  full  pathname  used  to  invoke  each command executed and\r\n",
      "              placed in the environment exported to that command.  When check-\r\n",
      "              ing  mail,  this  parameter holds the name of the mail file cur-\r\n",
      "              rently being checked.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs\r\n",
      "       The following variables are set by the shell:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH   Expands to the full filename used to  invoke  this  instance  of\r\n",
      "              b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS\r\n",
      "              A  colon-separated  list of enabled shell options.  Each word in\r\n",
      "              the list is a valid argument for the  -\b-s\bs  option  to  the  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt\r\n",
      "              builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  The options\r\n",
      "              appearing in B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as  _\bo_\bn  by  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt.   If\r\n",
      "              this  variable  is  in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts up, each\r\n",
      "              shell option in the list will  be  enabled  before  reading  any\r\n",
      "              startup files.  This variable is read-only.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHP\bPI\bID\bD\r\n",
      "              Expands  to  the  process  ID of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh process.  This\r\n",
      "              differs from $\b$$\b$ under certain circumstances, such  as  subshells\r\n",
      "              that do not require b\bba\bas\bsh\bh to be re-initialized.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS\r\n",
      "              An  associative  array  variable whose members correspond to the\r\n",
      "              internal list of aliases as maintained  by  the  a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs  builtin.\r\n",
      "              Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting\r\n",
      "              array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC\r\n",
      "              An array variable whose values are the number of  parameters  in\r\n",
      "              each frame of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack.  The number\r\n",
      "              of parameters to  the  current  subroutine  (shell  function  or\r\n",
      "              script  executed  with  .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) is at the top of the stack.\r\n",
      "              When a subroutine is executed, the number of  parameters  passed\r\n",
      "              is pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC.  The shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC only when in\r\n",
      "              extended debugging mode (see the  description  of  the  e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg\r\n",
      "              option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below)\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV\r\n",
      "              An  array  variable containing all of the parameters in the cur-\r\n",
      "              rent b\bba\bas\bsh\bh execution call stack.  The final parameter of the last\r\n",
      "              subroutine  call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter\r\n",
      "              of the initial call is at the bottom.  When a subroutine is exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted,  the  parameters supplied are pushed onto B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV.  The\r\n",
      "              shell sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV only when in extended debugging  mode  (see\r\n",
      "              the  description  of  the  e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg  option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin\r\n",
      "              below)\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCM\bMD\bDS\bS\r\n",
      "              An associative array variable whose members  correspond  to  the\r\n",
      "              internal  hash  table  of  commands  as  maintained  by the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "              builtin.  Elements added to this array appear in the hash table;\r\n",
      "              unsetting  array  elements cause commands to be removed from the\r\n",
      "              hash table.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD\r\n",
      "              The command currently being executed or about  to  be  executed,\r\n",
      "              unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,\r\n",
      "              in which case it is the command executing at  the  time  of  the\r\n",
      "              trap.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN_\b_S\bST\bTR\bRI\bIN\bNG\bG\r\n",
      "              The command argument to the -\b-c\bc invocation option.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO\r\n",
      "              An  array  variable whose members are the line numbers in source\r\n",
      "              files where each corresponding member of F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE  was  invoked.\r\n",
      "              $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}  is  the  line  number  in  the  source  file\r\n",
      "              ($\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b})  where  $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}  was  called  (or\r\n",
      "              $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b-_\b1]\b]}\b}  if  referenced  within another shell func-\r\n",
      "              tion).  Use L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO to obtain the current line number.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH\r\n",
      "              An array variable whose members are assigned by  the  =\b=~\b~  binary\r\n",
      "              operator  to the [\b[[\b[ conditional command.  The element with index\r\n",
      "              0 is the portion of  the  string  matching  the  entire  regular\r\n",
      "              expression.   The  element  with  index  _\bn is the portion of the\r\n",
      "              string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression.  This vari-\r\n",
      "              able is read-only.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE\r\n",
      "              An  array  variable whose members are the source filenames where\r\n",
      "              the corresponding shell function names  in  the  F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE  array\r\n",
      "              variable  are  defined.   The  shell function $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b} is\r\n",
      "              defined  in  the  file  $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}   and   called   from\r\n",
      "              $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b}.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSU\bUB\bBS\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "              Incremented  by one within each subshell or subshell environment\r\n",
      "              when the shell begins executing in that environment.   The  ini-\r\n",
      "              tial value is 0.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO\r\n",
      "              A readonly array variable whose members hold version information\r\n",
      "              for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.  The values  assigned  to  the  array\r\n",
      "              members are as follows:\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[0]\b]        The major version number (the _\br_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\be).\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[1]\b]        The minor version number (the _\bv_\be_\br_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn).\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[2]\b]        The patch level.\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[3]\b]        The build version.\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[4]\b]        The release status (e.g., _\bb_\be_\bt_\ba_\b1).\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIN\bNF\bFO\bO[\b[5]\b]        The value of M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_V\bVE\bER\bRS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "              Expands  to  a string describing the version of this instance of\r\n",
      "              b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD\r\n",
      "              An index into $\b${\b{C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS}\b} of the word containing  the  current\r\n",
      "              cursor position.  This variable is available only in shell func-\r\n",
      "              tions invoked by the  programmable  completion  facilities  (see\r\n",
      "              P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY\r\n",
      "              The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the cur-\r\n",
      "              rent completion function.\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE\r\n",
      "              The current command line.  This variable is  available  only  in\r\n",
      "              shell  functions  and  external commands invoked by the program-\r\n",
      "              mable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "              The index of the current cursor position relative to the  begin-\r\n",
      "              ning  of the current command.  If the current cursor position is\r\n",
      "              at the end of the current command, the value of this variable is\r\n",
      "              equal  to  $\b${\b{#\b#C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE}\b}.   This  variable  is available only in\r\n",
      "              shell functions and external commands invoked  by  the  program-\r\n",
      "              mable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE\r\n",
      "              Set  to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion\r\n",
      "              attempted that caused a completion function to be  called:  _\bT_\bA_\bB,\r\n",
      "              for  normal completion, _\b?, for listing completions after succes-\r\n",
      "              sive tabs, _\b!, for listing alternatives on partial  word  comple-\r\n",
      "              tion,  _\b@,  to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or\r\n",
      "              _\b%, for menu completion.  This  variable  is  available  only  in\r\n",
      "              shell  functions  and  external commands invoked by the program-\r\n",
      "              mable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS\r\n",
      "              The set of characters that the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be library treats  as  word\r\n",
      "              separators  when performing word completion.  If C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS\r\n",
      "              is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is  subse-\r\n",
      "              quently reset.\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS\r\n",
      "              An  array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) consisting of the individ-\r\n",
      "              ual words in the current command line.  The line is  split  into\r\n",
      "              words  as  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  would  split  it,  using C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS as\r\n",
      "              described above.  This variable is available only in shell func-\r\n",
      "              tions  invoked  by  the  programmable completion facilities (see\r\n",
      "              P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn below).\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOP\bPR\bRO\bOC\bC An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to  hold  the  file\r\n",
      "              descriptors  for  output  from and input to an unnamed coprocess\r\n",
      "              (see C\bCo\bop\bpr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bse\bes\bs above).\r\n",
      "       D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK\r\n",
      "              An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing the current con-\r\n",
      "              tents  of  the directory stack.  Directories appear in the stack\r\n",
      "              in the order they are displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin.   Assigning\r\n",
      "              to members of this array variable may be used to modify directo-\r\n",
      "              ries already in the stack, but the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd and p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd builtins  must\r\n",
      "              be used to add and remove directories.  Assignment to this vari-\r\n",
      "              able will not change the  current  directory.   If  D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK  is\r\n",
      "              unset,  it  loses  its  special properties, even if it is subse-\r\n",
      "              quently reset.\r\n",
      "       E\bEU\bUI\bID\bD   Expands to the effective user ID of the current  user,  initial-\r\n",
      "              ized at shell startup.  This variable is readonly.\r\n",
      "       F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE\r\n",
      "              An  array  variable  containing the names of all shell functions\r\n",
      "              currently in the execution call stack.  The element with index 0\r\n",
      "              is the name of any currently-executing shell function.  The bot-\r\n",
      "              tom-most element (the one with the  highest  index)  is  \"main\".\r\n",
      "              This  variable  exists  only when a shell function is executing.\r\n",
      "              Assignments to F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE have no effect and return an error  sta-\r\n",
      "              tus.   If  F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE  is  unset, it loses its special properties,\r\n",
      "              even if it is subsequently reset.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              This variable can be  used  with  B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO  and  B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE.\r\n",
      "              Each   element   of   F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE  has  corresponding  elements  in\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE to describe  the  call  stack.   For\r\n",
      "              instance,    $\b${\b{F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}    was   called   from   the   file\r\n",
      "              $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSO\bOU\bUR\bRC\bCE\bE[\b[_\b$_\bi_\b+_\b1]\b]}\b} at  line  number  $\b${\b{B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO[\b[_\b$_\bi]\b]}\b}.   The\r\n",
      "              c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br builtin displays the current call stack using this infor-\r\n",
      "              mation.\r\n",
      "       G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS An array variable containing the list of  groups  of  which  the\r\n",
      "              current  user is a member.  Assignments to G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS have no effect\r\n",
      "              and return an error status.  If G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS is unset,  it  loses  its\r\n",
      "              special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD\r\n",
      "              The history number, or index in the history list, of the current\r\n",
      "              command.  If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD is unset, it loses its special  properties,\r\n",
      "              even if it is subsequently reset.\r\n",
      "       H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE\r\n",
      "              Automatically set to the name of the current host.\r\n",
      "       H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE\r\n",
      "              Automatically  set  to a string that uniquely describes the type\r\n",
      "              of machine on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing.  The default  is  system-\r\n",
      "              dependent.\r\n",
      "       L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO Each  time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a\r\n",
      "              decimal number representing the current sequential  line  number\r\n",
      "              (starting  with  1)  within a script or function.  When not in a\r\n",
      "              script or function, the value substituted is not  guaranteed  to\r\n",
      "              be meaningful.  If L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO is unset, it loses its special proper-\r\n",
      "              ties, even if it is subsequently reset.\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAC\bCH\bHT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE\r\n",
      "              Automatically set to a string that fully  describes  the  system\r\n",
      "              type  on  which  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing, in the standard GNU _\bc_\bp_\bu_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bp_\ba_\bn_\by_\b-_\bs_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm format.  The default is system-dependent.\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE\r\n",
      "              An array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) created to  hold  the  text\r\n",
      "              read by the m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be builtin when no variable name is supplied.\r\n",
      "       O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD The previous working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.\r\n",
      "       O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG The  value  of the last option argument processed by the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "              builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "       O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD The index of the next argument to be processed  by  the  g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "              builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "       O\bOS\bST\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE Automatically  set to a string that describes the operating sys-\r\n",
      "              tem on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing.  The  default  is  system-depen-\r\n",
      "              dent.\r\n",
      "       P\bPI\bIP\bPE\bES\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS\r\n",
      "              An  array  variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs below) containing a list of exit\r\n",
      "              status values from the processes in  the  most-recently-executed\r\n",
      "              foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command).\r\n",
      "       P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD   The  process  ID  of the shell's parent.  This variable is read-\r\n",
      "              only.\r\n",
      "       P\bPW\bWD\bD    The current working directory as set by the c\bcd\bd command.\r\n",
      "       R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between\r\n",
      "              0 and 32767 is generated.  The sequence of random numbers may be\r\n",
      "              initialized by assigning a value to R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM.  If R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM is unset,\r\n",
      "              it  loses  its  special  properties,  even if it is subsequently\r\n",
      "              reset.\r\n",
      "       R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE\r\n",
      "              The contents of the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be line buffer, for use with \"bind -x\"\r\n",
      "              (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "       R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "              The position of the insertion point in the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be line buffer,\r\n",
      "              for use with \"bind -x\" (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "       R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY  Set to the line of input read by the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin  command  when\r\n",
      "              no arguments are supplied.\r\n",
      "       S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS\r\n",
      "              Each  time  this  parameter is referenced, the number of seconds\r\n",
      "              since shell invocation is returned.  If a value is  assigned  to\r\n",
      "              S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS,  the  value  returned upon subsequent references is the\r\n",
      "              number of seconds since the assignment plus the value  assigned.\r\n",
      "              If S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it\r\n",
      "              is subsequently reset.\r\n",
      "       S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS\r\n",
      "              A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each  word  in\r\n",
      "              the  list  is  a  valid  argument  for  the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "              builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  The options\r\n",
      "              appearing  in  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS are those reported as _\bo_\bn by s\bse\bet\bt -\b-o\bo.  If\r\n",
      "              this variable is in the environment when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  starts  up,  each\r\n",
      "              shell  option  in  the  list  will be enabled before reading any\r\n",
      "              startup files.  This variable is read-only.\r\n",
      "       S\bSH\bHL\bLV\bVL\bL  Incremented by one each time an instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started.\r\n",
      "       U\bUI\bID\bD    Expands to the user ID of the current user, initialized at shell\r\n",
      "              startup.  This variable is readonly.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  following  variables  are  used by the shell.  In some cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       assigns a default value to a variable; these cases are noted below.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT\r\n",
      "              The value is used to set the shell's compatibility  level.   See\r\n",
      "              the  description  of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN\r\n",
      "              C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for a description of the various  compatibility  levels\r\n",
      "              and  their  effects.   The  value may be a decimal number (e.g.,\r\n",
      "              4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42) corresponding to the desired  com-\r\n",
      "              patibility  level.   If B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT is unset or set to the empty\r\n",
      "              string, the compatibility level is set to the  default  for  the\r\n",
      "              current  version.   If B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT is set to a value that is not\r\n",
      "              one of the valid compatibility levels, the shell prints an error\r\n",
      "              message  and sets the compatibility level to the default for the\r\n",
      "              current version.  The valid compatibility levels  correspond  to\r\n",
      "              the   compatibility   options  accepted  by  the  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt  builtin\r\n",
      "              described below (for example, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b42\b2 means that 4.2 and 42 are\r\n",
      "              valid values).  The current version is also a valid value.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV\r\n",
      "              If  this parameter is set when b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is executing a shell script,\r\n",
      "              its value is interpreted as a filename  containing  commands  to\r\n",
      "              initialize the shell, as in _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc.  The value of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV is\r\n",
      "              subjected to  parameter  expansion,  command  substitution,  and\r\n",
      "              arithmetic  expansion  before  being  interpreted as a filename.\r\n",
      "              P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used to search for the resultant filename.\r\n",
      "       B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD\r\n",
      "              If set to an integer corresponding to a valid  file  descriptor,\r\n",
      "              b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  will  write  the  trace  output  generated  when _\bs_\be_\bt _\b-_\bx is\r\n",
      "              enabled to that file descriptor.  The file descriptor is  closed\r\n",
      "              when  B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD is unset or assigned a new value.  Unsetting\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD or assigning it the empty string causes the  trace\r\n",
      "              output  to  be  sent  to  the standard error.  Note that setting\r\n",
      "              B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_X\bXT\bTR\bRA\bAC\bCE\bEF\bFD\bD to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then\r\n",
      "              unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed.\r\n",
      "       C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH The  search  path for the c\bcd\bd command.  This is a colon-separated\r\n",
      "              list of directories in which the  shell  looks  for  destination\r\n",
      "              directories  specified  by  the  c\bcd\bd  command.  A sample value is\r\n",
      "              \".:~:/usr\".\r\n",
      "       C\bCH\bHI\bIL\bLD\bD_\b_M\bMA\bAX\bX\r\n",
      "              Set the number of exited child status values for  the  shell  to\r\n",
      "              remember.   Bash will not allow this value to be decreased below\r\n",
      "              a POSIX-mandated minimum, and there is  a  maximum  value  (cur-\r\n",
      "              rently  8192)  that  this  may not exceed.  The minimum value is\r\n",
      "              system-dependent.\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOL\bLU\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "              Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound command to  determine  the  terminal\r\n",
      "              width  when  printing selection lists.  Automatically set if the\r\n",
      "              c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be option is enabled or in an interactive  shell  upon\r\n",
      "              receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.\r\n",
      "       C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY\r\n",
      "              An array variable from which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reads the possible completions\r\n",
      "              generated by a shell function invoked by the  programmable  com-\r\n",
      "              pletion  facility  (see  P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be  C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn  below).  Each\r\n",
      "              array element contains one possible completion.\r\n",
      "       E\bEM\bMA\bAC\bCS\bS  If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh finds this variable in the environment  when  the  shell\r\n",
      "              starts  with  value \"t\", it assumes that the shell is running in\r\n",
      "              an Emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.\r\n",
      "       E\bEN\bNV\bV    Similar to B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV; used when the shell  is  invoked  in  POSIX\r\n",
      "              mode.\r\n",
      "       F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT The default editor for the f\bfc\bc builtin command.\r\n",
      "       F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE\r\n",
      "              A  colon-separated  list  of  suffixes to ignore when performing\r\n",
      "              filename completion (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below).  A filename whose suf-\r\n",
      "              fix  matches  one of the entries in F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is excluded from the\r\n",
      "              list of matched filenames.  A sample value is \".o:~\" (Quoting is\r\n",
      "              needed  when  assigning a value to this variable, which contains\r\n",
      "              tildes).\r\n",
      "       F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT\r\n",
      "              If set to a numeric value greater  than  0,  defines  a  maximum\r\n",
      "              function  nesting  level.  Function invocations that exceed this\r\n",
      "              nesting level will cause the current command to abort.\r\n",
      "       G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE\r\n",
      "              A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames\r\n",
      "              to be ignored by pathname expansion.  If a filename matched by a\r\n",
      "              pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the  patterns  in\r\n",
      "              G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE, it is removed from the list of matches.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL\r\n",
      "              A  colon-separated  list  of values controlling how commands are\r\n",
      "              saved on the history list.   If  the  list  of  values  includes\r\n",
      "              _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be,  lines  which  begin with a s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be character are not\r\n",
      "              saved in the history list.  A value of _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs  causes  lines\r\n",
      "              matching the previous history entry to not be saved.  A value of\r\n",
      "              _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bb_\bo_\bt_\bh is shorthand for _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be and _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs.  A value\r\n",
      "              of _\be_\br_\ba_\bs_\be_\bd_\bu_\bp_\bs causes all previous lines matching the current line\r\n",
      "              to be removed from the history list before that line  is  saved.\r\n",
      "              Any  value  not in the above list is ignored.  If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL is\r\n",
      "              unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by  the\r\n",
      "              shell parser are saved on the history list, subject to the value\r\n",
      "              of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.  The second and subsequent lines of a  multi-line\r\n",
      "              compound  command  are  not tested, and are added to the history\r\n",
      "              regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE\r\n",
      "              The name of the file in which command history is saved (see H\bHI\bIS\bS-\b-\r\n",
      "              T\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY  below).   The default value is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by.  If unset,\r\n",
      "              the command history is not saved when a shell exits.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE\r\n",
      "              The maximum number of lines contained in the history file.  When\r\n",
      "              this  variable  is  assigned  a value, the history file is trun-\r\n",
      "              cated, if necessary, to contain no  more  than  that  number  of\r\n",
      "              lines  by removing the oldest entries.  The history file is also\r\n",
      "              truncated to this size after writing it when a shell exits.   If\r\n",
      "              the  value  is  0,  the  history file is truncated to zero size.\r\n",
      "              Non-numeric values and numeric values  less  than  zero  inhibit\r\n",
      "              truncation.   The  shell  sets the default value to the value of\r\n",
      "              H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE after reading any startup files.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE\r\n",
      "              A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which  command\r\n",
      "              lines  should  be  saved  on  the history list.  Each pattern is\r\n",
      "              anchored at the beginning of the line and must  match  the  com-\r\n",
      "              plete  line  (no  implicit  `*\b*'  is  appended).  Each pattern is\r\n",
      "              tested against the line after the checks specified  by  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bN-\b-\r\n",
      "              T\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL  are  applied.   In  addition  to  the normal shell pattern\r\n",
      "              matching characters, `&\b&' matches the previous history line.  `&\b&'\r\n",
      "              may  be  escaped  using  a  backslash;  the backslash is removed\r\n",
      "              before attempting a match.  The second and subsequent lines of a\r\n",
      "              multi-line compound command are not tested, and are added to the\r\n",
      "              history regardless of the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE\r\n",
      "              The number of commands to remember in the command  history  (see\r\n",
      "              H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY  below).   If  the value is 0, commands are not saved in\r\n",
      "              the history list.  Numeric values less than zero result in every\r\n",
      "              command  being  saved  on  the history list (there is no limit).\r\n",
      "              The shell sets the  default  value  to  500  after  reading  any\r\n",
      "              startup files.\r\n",
      "       H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT\r\n",
      "              If  this  variable  is  set and not null, its value is used as a\r\n",
      "              format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to print the time stamp associated\r\n",
      "              with  each  history  entry displayed by the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin.  If\r\n",
      "              this variable is set, time stamps are  written  to  the  history\r\n",
      "              file  so they may be preserved across shell sessions.  This uses\r\n",
      "              the history comment character  to  distinguish  timestamps  from\r\n",
      "              other history lines.\r\n",
      "       H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE   The home directory of the current user; the default argument for\r\n",
      "              the c\bcd\bd builtin command.  The value of this variable is also used\r\n",
      "              when performing tilde expansion.\r\n",
      "       H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE\r\n",
      "              Contains  the  name  of  a file in the same format as _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs\r\n",
      "              that should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.\r\n",
      "              The  list  of possible hostname completions may be changed while\r\n",
      "              the shell is running;  the  next  time  hostname  completion  is\r\n",
      "              attempted  after the value is changed, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh adds the contents of\r\n",
      "              the new file to the existing list.  If H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is set, but  has\r\n",
      "              no  value,  or  does  not name a readable file, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to\r\n",
      "              read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs to obtain the list of possible hostname  comple-\r\n",
      "              tions.  When H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, the hostname list is cleared.\r\n",
      "       I\bIF\bFS\bS    The  _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl  _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd  _\bS_\be_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br  that is used for word splitting\r\n",
      "              after expansion and to split lines  into  words  with  the  r\bre\bea\bad\bd\r\n",
      "              builtin  command.   The  default  value  is  ``<space><tab><new-\r\n",
      "              line>''.\r\n",
      "       I\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bEE\bEO\bOF\bF\r\n",
      "              Controls the action of an interactive shell on receipt of an E\bEO\bOF\bF\r\n",
      "              character as the sole input.  If set, the value is the number of\r\n",
      "              consecutive E\bEO\bOF\bF characters which must  be  typed  as  the  first\r\n",
      "              characters  on an input line before b\bba\bas\bsh\bh exits.  If the variable\r\n",
      "              exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no  value,  the\r\n",
      "              default  value  is  10.  If it does not exist, E\bEO\bOF\bF signifies the\r\n",
      "              end of input to the shell.\r\n",
      "       I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC\r\n",
      "              The filename for  the  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  startup  file,  overriding  the\r\n",
      "              default of _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE below).\r\n",
      "       L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG   Used  to  determine  the  locale  category  for any category not\r\n",
      "              specifically selected with a variable starting with L\bLC\bC_\b_.\r\n",
      "       L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL This variable overrides the value of  L\bLA\bAN\bNG\bG  and  any  other  L\bLC\bC_\b_\r\n",
      "              variable specifying a locale category.\r\n",
      "       L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE\r\n",
      "              This  variable  determines the collation order used when sorting\r\n",
      "              the results of pathname expansion, and determines  the  behavior\r\n",
      "              of   range   expressions,  equivalence  classes,  and  collating\r\n",
      "              sequences within pathname expansion and pattern matching.\r\n",
      "       L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCT\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE\r\n",
      "              This variable determines the interpretation  of  characters  and\r\n",
      "              the  behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and\r\n",
      "              pattern matching.\r\n",
      "       L\bLC\bC_\b_M\bME\bES\bSS\bSA\bAG\bGE\bES\bS\r\n",
      "              This variable determines the locale used  to  translate  double-\r\n",
      "              quoted strings preceded by a $\b$.\r\n",
      "       L\bLC\bC_\b_N\bNU\bUM\bME\bER\bRI\bIC\bC\r\n",
      "              This  variable  determines  the  locale category used for number\r\n",
      "              formatting.\r\n",
      "       L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS  Used by the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt compound  command  to  determine  the  column\r\n",
      "              length  for  printing selection lists.  Automatically set if the\r\n",
      "              c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be option is enabled or in an interactive  shell  upon\r\n",
      "              receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGW\bWI\bIN\bNC\bCH\bH.\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bL   If  this  parameter  is  set to a file or directory name and the\r\n",
      "              M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH variable is not set,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  informs  the  user  of  the\r\n",
      "              arrival  of  mail in the specified file or Maildir-format direc-\r\n",
      "              tory.\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLC\bCH\bHE\bEC\bCK\bK\r\n",
      "              Specifies how often (in seconds)  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  checks  for  mail.   The\r\n",
      "              default  is  60 seconds.  When it is time to check for mail, the\r\n",
      "              shell does so before displaying the  primary  prompt.   If  this\r\n",
      "              variable  is  unset,  or  set  to  a  value that is not a number\r\n",
      "              greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH\r\n",
      "              A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.  The\r\n",
      "              message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file may\r\n",
      "              be specified by separating the filename from the message with  a\r\n",
      "              `?'.   When  used  in the text of the message, $\b$_\b_ expands to the\r\n",
      "              name of the current mailfile.  Example:\r\n",
      "              M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH='/var/mail/bfox?\"You  have  mail\":~/shell-mail?\"$_  has\r\n",
      "              mail!\"'\r\n",
      "              B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  supplies  a default value for this variable, but the loca-\r\n",
      "              tion of the user mail files that it  uses  is  system  dependent\r\n",
      "              (e.g., /var/mail/$\b$U\bUS\bSE\bER\bR).\r\n",
      "       O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR If set to the value 1, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays error messages generated by\r\n",
      "              the g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS  below).\r\n",
      "              O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR  is  initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a\r\n",
      "              shell script is executed.\r\n",
      "       P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH   The search path for commands.  It is a colon-separated  list  of\r\n",
      "              directories  in  which the shell looks for commands (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD\r\n",
      "              E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).  A zero-length (null) directory  name  in  the\r\n",
      "              value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH indicates the current directory.  A null directory\r\n",
      "              name may appear as two adjacent colons,  or  as  an  initial  or\r\n",
      "              trailing  colon.   The  default path is system-dependent, and is\r\n",
      "              set by the administrator who installs b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.  A common  value  is\r\n",
      "              ``/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin''.\r\n",
      "       P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bXL\bLY\bY_\b_C\bCO\bOR\bRR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bT\r\n",
      "              If this variable is in the environment  when  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  starts,  the\r\n",
      "              shell  enters _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be before reading the startup files, as if\r\n",
      "              the -\b--\b-p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx invocation option had been supplied.  If it  is  set\r\n",
      "              while  the  shell is running, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh enables _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, as if the\r\n",
      "              command _\bs_\be_\bt _\b-_\bo _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx had been executed.\r\n",
      "       P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bT_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD\r\n",
      "              If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each\r\n",
      "              primary prompt.\r\n",
      "       P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bT_\b_D\bDI\bIR\bRT\bTR\bRI\bIM\bM\r\n",
      "              If  set  to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the\r\n",
      "              number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding\r\n",
      "              the  \\\b\\w\bw  and  \\\b\\W\bW  prompt  string  escapes (see P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG below).\r\n",
      "              Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.\r\n",
      "       P\bPS\bS1\b1    The value of this parameter is expanded  (see  P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG  below)\r\n",
      "              and  used  as  the  primary prompt string.  The default value is\r\n",
      "              ``\\\b\\s\bs-\b-\\\b\\v\bv\\\b\\$\b$ ''.\r\n",
      "       P\bPS\bS2\b2    The value of this parameter is expanded as with P\bPS\bS1\b1 and used  as\r\n",
      "              the secondary prompt string.  The default is ``>\b> ''.\r\n",
      "       P\bPS\bS3\b3    The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt\r\n",
      "              command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above).\r\n",
      "       P\bPS\bS4\b4    The value of this parameter is expanded  as  with  P\bPS\bS1\b1  and  the\r\n",
      "              value  is  printed  before  each command b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays during an\r\n",
      "              execution trace.  The first character of P\bPS\bS4\b4 is replicated  mul-\r\n",
      "              tiple  times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indi-\r\n",
      "              rection.  The default is ``+\b+ ''.\r\n",
      "       S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL  The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment vari-\r\n",
      "              able.   If  it is not set when the shell starts, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh assigns to\r\n",
      "              it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.\r\n",
      "       T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT\r\n",
      "              The value of this parameter is used as a format string  specify-\r\n",
      "              ing  how  the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the\r\n",
      "              t\bti\bim\bme\be reserved word should be displayed.  The %\b% character  intro-\r\n",
      "              duces  an  escape  sequence  that is expanded to a time value or\r\n",
      "              other information.  The escape sequences and their meanings  are\r\n",
      "              as follows; the braces denote optional portions.\r\n",
      "              %\b%%\b%        A literal %\b%.\r\n",
      "              %\b%[\b[_\bp]\b][\b[l\bl]\b]R\bR  The elapsed time in seconds.\r\n",
      "              %\b%[\b[_\bp]\b][\b[l\bl]\b]U\bU  The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.\r\n",
      "              %\b%[\b[_\bp]\b][\b[l\bl]\b]S\bS  The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.\r\n",
      "              %\b%P\bP        The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  optional  _\bp is a digit specifying the _\bp_\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, the number\r\n",
      "              of fractional digits after a decimal point.  A value of 0 causes\r\n",
      "              no decimal point or fraction to be output.  At most three places\r\n",
      "              after the decimal point may be specified; values  of  _\bp  greater\r\n",
      "              than  3 are changed to 3.  If _\bp is not specified, the value 3 is\r\n",
      "              used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The optional l\bl specifies a longer format, including minutes,  of\r\n",
      "              the  form  _\bM_\bMm_\bS_\bS._\bF_\bFs.   The value of _\bp determines whether or not\r\n",
      "              the fraction is included.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If this variable is not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh acts as if it  had  the  value\r\n",
      "              $\b$'\b'\\\b\\n\bnr\bre\bea\bal\bl\\\b\\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blR\bR\\\b\\n\bnu\bus\bse\ber\br\\\b\\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blU\bU\\\b\\n\bns\bsy\bys\bs\\\b\\t\bt%\b%3\b3l\blS\bS'\b'.   If  the value is null,\r\n",
      "              no timing information is displayed.  A trailing newline is added\r\n",
      "              when the format string is displayed.\r\n",
      "       T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT  If  set  to  a  value greater than zero, T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT is treated as the\r\n",
      "              default timeout for the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin.  The s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command termi-\r\n",
      "              nates if input does not arrive after T\bTM\bMO\bOU\bUT\bT seconds when input is\r\n",
      "              coming from a terminal.  In an interactive shell, the  value  is\r\n",
      "              interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for a line of input\r\n",
      "              after issuing the primary prompt.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh terminates after waiting\r\n",
      "              for  that number of seconds if a complete line of input does not\r\n",
      "              arrive.\r\n",
      "       T\bTM\bMP\bPD\bDI\bIR\bR If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh uses its value as the name of a directory in  which\r\n",
      "              b\bba\bas\bsh\bh creates temporary files for the shell's use.\r\n",
      "       a\bau\but\bto\bo_\b_r\bre\bes\bsu\bum\bme\be\r\n",
      "              This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and\r\n",
      "              job control.  If this variable is set, single word  simple  com-\r\n",
      "              mands without redirections are treated as candidates for resump-\r\n",
      "              tion of an existing stopped job.  There is no ambiguity allowed;\r\n",
      "              if  there  is more than one job beginning with the string typed,\r\n",
      "              the job most recently accessed  is  selected.   The  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  of  a\r\n",
      "              stopped  job, in this context, is the command line used to start\r\n",
      "              it.  If set to the value _\be_\bx_\ba_\bc_\bt, the string supplied  must  match\r\n",
      "              the  name  of  a  stopped  job exactly; if set to _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg, the\r\n",
      "              string supplied needs to match a substring  of  the  name  of  a\r\n",
      "              stopped  job.  The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg value provides functionality analo-\r\n",
      "              gous to the %\b%?\b?  job identifier (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL below).  If  set\r\n",
      "              to  any  other  value, the supplied string must be a prefix of a\r\n",
      "              stopped job's name; this provides functionality analogous to the\r\n",
      "              %\b%_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg job identifier.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs\r\n",
      "              The  two or three characters which control history expansion and\r\n",
      "              tokenization (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below).  The first character\r\n",
      "              is  the _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn character, the character which signals\r\n",
      "              the start of a history  expansion,  normally  `!\b!'.   The  second\r\n",
      "              character  is the _\bq_\bu_\bi_\bc_\bk _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn character, which is used as\r\n",
      "              shorthand for re-running the previous command  entered,  substi-\r\n",
      "              tuting  one  string  for another in the command.  The default is\r\n",
      "              `^\b^'.  The optional third character is the character which  indi-\r\n",
      "              cates  that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as\r\n",
      "              the first character of a word, normally `#\b#'.  The  history  com-\r\n",
      "              ment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the\r\n",
      "              remaining words on the line.  It does not necessarily cause  the\r\n",
      "              shell parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.\r\n",
      "       Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin  will\r\n",
      "       explicitly  declare an array.  There is no maximum limit on the size of\r\n",
      "       an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned  con-\r\n",
      "       tiguously.   Indexed  arrays  are  referenced using integers (including\r\n",
      "       arithmetic expressions)  and are  zero-based;  associative  arrays  are\r\n",
      "       referenced  using  arbitrary  strings.  Unless otherwise noted, indexed\r\n",
      "       array indices must be non-negative integers.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       An indexed array is created automatically if any variable  is  assigned\r\n",
      "       to using the syntax _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.  The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is treated as\r\n",
      "       an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.  To explicitly\r\n",
      "       declare  an  indexed array, use d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[\b[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]\b] is also  accepted;  the  _\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is ignored.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Associative arrays are created using d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-A\bA _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Attributes may be specified for an array variable using the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be and\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by builtins.  Each attribute applies to all members of an array.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Arrays  are  assigned  to  using  compound  assignments  of  the   form\r\n",
      "       _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=(\b(value_\b1  ...  value_\bn)\b),  where  each  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be  is  of  the form [_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  Indexed array assignments do not require anything  but\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  When assigning to indexed arrays, if the optional brackets and\r\n",
      "       subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to; otherwise the  index\r\n",
      "       of  the element assigned is the last index assigned to by the statement\r\n",
      "       plus one.  Indexing starts at zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       This syntax is also accepted by the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin.  Individual  array\r\n",
      "       elements  may  be  assigned  to  using the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be syntax\r\n",
      "       introduced above.  When assigning to an indexed array, if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is  sub-\r\n",
      "       scripted  by  a negative number, that number is interpreted as relative\r\n",
      "       to one greater than the maximum index  of  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,  so  negative  indices\r\n",
      "       count back from the end of the array, and an index of -1 references the\r\n",
      "       last element.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Any element of an array may  be  referenced  using  ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}.\r\n",
      "       The braces are required to avoid conflicts with pathname expansion.  If\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is @\b@ or *\b*, the word expands to all members  of  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.   These\r\n",
      "       subscripts  differ only when the word appears within double quotes.  If\r\n",
      "       the word is double-quoted, ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[*]} expands to a single word with the\r\n",
      "       value  of each array member separated by the first character of the I\bIF\bFS\bS\r\n",
      "       special variable, and ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[@]} expands each element of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to a sep-\r\n",
      "       arate  word.   When  there  are no array members, ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[@]} expands to\r\n",
      "       nothing.  If the double-quoted expansion  occurs  within  a  word,  the\r\n",
      "       expansion  of  the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of\r\n",
      "       the original word, and the expansion of the last  parameter  is  joined\r\n",
      "       with  the  last  part  of  the original word.  This is analogous to the\r\n",
      "       expansion of the special parameters *\b* and  @\b@  (see  S\bSp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl  P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       above).   ${#_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}  expands  to  the  length  of ${_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]}.  If _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is *\b* or @\b@, the expansion is the number of  ele-\r\n",
      "       ments  in the array.  Referencing an array variable without a subscript\r\n",
      "       is equivalent to referencing the array with a subscript of 0.   If  the\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt used to reference an element of an indexed array evaluates to\r\n",
      "       a number less than zero, it is interpreted as relative to  one  greater\r\n",
      "       than  the  maximum  index  of the array, so negative indices count back\r\n",
      "       from the end of the array, and an index of -1 references the last  ele-\r\n",
      "       ment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       An  array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a\r\n",
      "       value.  The null string is a valid value.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as  the\r\n",
      "       values.   ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]} and ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b*]} expand to the indices assigned in\r\n",
      "       array variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  The treatment when in double quotes is similar to\r\n",
      "       the expansion of the special parameters _\b@ and _\b* within double quotes.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt  builtin  is  used to destroy arrays.  u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]\r\n",
      "       destroys the array element at index _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt.  Negative subscripts  to\r\n",
      "       indexed  arrays are interpreted as described above.  Care must be taken\r\n",
      "       to avoid unwanted side effects caused  by  pathname  expansion.   u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "       _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, where _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array, or u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt], where _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt\r\n",
      "       is *\b* or @\b@, removes the entire array.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by builtins each accept a  -\b-a\ba  option  to\r\n",
      "       specify  an  indexed  array  and  a -\b-A\bA option to specify an associative\r\n",
      "       array.  If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes  precedence.   The  r\bre\bea\bad\bd\r\n",
      "       builtin  accepts  a  -\b-a\ba  option to assign a list of words read from the\r\n",
      "       standard input to an array.  The s\bse\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtins display array\r\n",
      "       values in a way that allows them to be reused as assignments.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into\r\n",
      "       words.  There are seven kinds of expansion performed: _\bb_\br_\ba_\bc_\be  _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn,\r\n",
      "       _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be  _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn,  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\ba_\br_\bi_\bt_\bh_\bm_\be_\bt_\bi_\bc _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\bs_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg, and _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The order of expansions is: brace expansion; tilde expansion, parameter\r\n",
      "       and  variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, and command substitution\r\n",
      "       (done in a left-to-right fashion); word splitting; and pathname  expan-\r\n",
      "       sion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion avail-\r\n",
      "       able: _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn.  This is performed  at  the  same  time  as\r\n",
      "       tilde,  parameter,  variable, and arithmetic expansion and command sub-\r\n",
      "       stitution.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Only brace expansion, word splitting, and pathname expansion can change\r\n",
      "       the  number of words of the expansion; other expansions expand a single\r\n",
      "       word to a single word.  The only exceptions to this are the  expansions\r\n",
      "       of \"$\b$@\b@\" and \"$\b${\b{_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[\b[@\b@]\b]}\b}\" as explained above (see P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       _\bB_\br_\ba_\bc_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be gener-\r\n",
      "       ated.  This mechanism is similar to _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn, but  the  file-\r\n",
      "       names generated need not exist.  Patterns to be brace expanded take the\r\n",
      "       form of an optional _\bp_\br_\be_\ba_\bm_\bb_\bl_\be, followed by either a series of comma-sep-\r\n",
      "       arated  strings or a sequence expression between a pair of braces, fol-\r\n",
      "       lowed by an optional _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt.  The  preamble  is  prefixed  to  each\r\n",
      "       string contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended\r\n",
      "       to each resulting string, expanding left to right.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Brace expansions may be nested.  The results of  each  expanded  string\r\n",
      "       are  not  sorted;  left  to  right  order  is  preserved.  For example,\r\n",
      "       a{\b{d,c,b}\b}e expands into `ade ace abe'.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A sequence expression takes the form {\b{_\bx.\b..\b._\by[\b[.\b..\b._\bi_\bn_\bc_\br]\b]}\b}, where _\bx and _\by  are\r\n",
      "       either  integers or single characters, and _\bi_\bn_\bc_\br, an optional increment,\r\n",
      "       is an integer.  When integers are supplied, the expression  expands  to\r\n",
      "       each  number between _\bx and _\by, inclusive.  Supplied integers may be pre-\r\n",
      "       fixed with _\b0 to force each term to have the same width.  When either  _\bx\r\n",
      "       or  _\by  begins  with  a  zero, the shell attempts to force all generated\r\n",
      "       terms to contain the same number of digits, zero-padding  where  neces-\r\n",
      "       sary.   When  characters  are  supplied, the expression expands to each\r\n",
      "       character lexicographically between  _\bx  and  _\by,  inclusive,  using  the\r\n",
      "       default  C  locale.   Note  that both _\bx and _\by must be of the same type.\r\n",
      "       When the increment is supplied, it is used as  the  difference  between\r\n",
      "       each term.  The default increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions, and any char-\r\n",
      "       acters special to other expansions are preserved in the result.  It  is\r\n",
      "       strictly  textual.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh does not apply any syntactic interpretation to\r\n",
      "       the context of the expansion or the text between the braces.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain  unquoted  opening  and\r\n",
      "       closing  braces,  and  at  least one unquoted comma or a valid sequence\r\n",
      "       expression.  Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left  unchanged.\r\n",
      "       A {\b{ or ,\b, may be quoted with a backslash to prevent its being considered\r\n",
      "       part of a brace expression.  To avoid conflicts with  parameter  expan-\r\n",
      "       sion, the string $\b${\b{ is not considered eligible for brace expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       This construct is typically used as shorthand when the common prefix of\r\n",
      "       the strings to be generated is longer than in the above example:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,new,dist,bugs}\r\n",
      "       or\r\n",
      "              chown root /usr/{ucb/{ex,edit},lib/{ex?.?*,how_ex}}\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Brace expansion introduces a  slight  incompatibility  with  historical\r\n",
      "       versions  of s\bsh\bh.  s\bsh\bh does not treat opening or closing braces specially\r\n",
      "       when they appear as part of a word, and preserves them in  the  output.\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  removes  braces  from  words as a consequence of brace expansion.\r\n",
      "       For example, a word entered to s\bsh\bh as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b{_\b1_\b,_\b2_\b} appears  identically  in\r\n",
      "       the  output.  The same word is output as _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 after expansion by\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.  If strict compatibility with s\bsh\bh is desired, start b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with  the\r\n",
      "       +\b+B\bB option or disable brace expansion with the +\b+B\bB option to the s\bse\bet\bt com-\r\n",
      "       mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   T\bTi\bil\bld\bde\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character  (`~\b~'),  all  of  the\r\n",
      "       characters  preceding  the  first unquoted slash (or all characters, if\r\n",
      "       there is no unquoted slash) are considered a _\bt_\bi_\bl_\bd_\be_\b-_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx.  If none  of\r\n",
      "       the  characters  in  the tilde-prefix are quoted, the characters in the\r\n",
      "       tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a possible _\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "       If  this  login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the\r\n",
      "       value of the shell parameter H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE.  If H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE is unset, the  home  direc-\r\n",
      "       tory  of  the  user executing the shell is substituted instead.  Other-\r\n",
      "       wise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home  directory  associated\r\n",
      "       with the specified login name.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the  tilde-prefix  is  a  `~+', the value of the shell variable P\bPW\bWD\bD\r\n",
      "       replaces the tilde-prefix.  If the tilde-prefix is a `~-', the value of\r\n",
      "       the  shell variable O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD, if it is set, is substituted.  If the char-\r\n",
      "       acters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a  number  _\bN,\r\n",
      "       optionally  prefixed  by  a  `+' or a `-', the tilde-prefix is replaced\r\n",
      "       with the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it would be\r\n",
      "       displayed by the d\bdi\bir\brs\bs builtin invoked with the tilde-prefix as an argu-\r\n",
      "       ment.  If the characters following the tilde in the  tilde-prefix  con-\r\n",
      "       sist of a number without a leading `+' or `-', `+' is assumed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the login name is invalid, or the tilde expansion fails, the word is\r\n",
      "       unchanged.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes immedi-\r\n",
      "       ately following a :\b: or the first =\b=.  In these cases, tilde expansion is\r\n",
      "       also performed.  Consequently, one may use  filenames  with  tildes  in\r\n",
      "       assignments  to  P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH,  M\bMA\bAI\bIL\bLP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and the shell assigns the\r\n",
      "       expanded value.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\br E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       The `$\b$' character introduces parameter expansion, command substitution,\r\n",
      "       or  arithmetic  expansion.  The parameter name or symbol to be expanded\r\n",
      "       may be enclosed in braces, which are optional but serve to protect  the\r\n",
      "       variable  to be expanded from characters immediately following it which\r\n",
      "       could be interpreted as part of the name.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the  first  `}\b}'  not\r\n",
      "       escaped  by  a  backslash  or within a quoted string, and not within an\r\n",
      "       embedded  arithmetic  expansion,  command  substitution,  or  parameter\r\n",
      "       expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\r\n",
      "              The  value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is substituted.  The braces are required\r\n",
      "              when _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a positional  parameter  with  more  than  one\r\n",
      "              digit, or when _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is followed by a character which is not\r\n",
      "              to be interpreted as part of its name.  The _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a shell\r\n",
      "              parameter  as  described above P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS) or an array reference\r\n",
      "              (A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the first character of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an  exclamation  point  (!\b!),  it\r\n",
      "       introduces a level of variable indirection.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of the\r\n",
      "       variable formed from the rest of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br as the name of the variable;\r\n",
      "       this  variable  is  then expanded and that value is used in the rest of\r\n",
      "       the substitution, rather than the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br itself.   This  is\r\n",
      "       known as _\bi_\bn_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn.  The exceptions to this are the expansions\r\n",
      "       of ${!\b!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx*\b*} and ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]} described below.  The exclamation  point\r\n",
      "       must  immediately  follow the left brace in order to introduce indirec-\r\n",
      "       tion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In each of the cases below, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is subject to tilde expansion, parame-\r\n",
      "       ter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  not  performing  substring  expansion, using the forms documented\r\n",
      "       below (e.g., :\b:-\b-), b\bba\bas\bsh\bh tests for a parameter that  is  unset  or  null.\r\n",
      "       Omitting  the  colon  results  in  a  test only for a parameter that is\r\n",
      "       unset.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:-\b-_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              U\bUs\bse\be D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is unset or null,  the  expan-\r\n",
      "              sion  of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is substituted.  Otherwise, the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br\r\n",
      "              is substituted.\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:=\b=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              A\bAs\bss\bsi\big\bgn\bn D\bDe\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\bes\bs.  If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  unset  or  null,  the\r\n",
      "              expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is assigned to _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br.  The value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bt_\be_\br is then substituted.   Positional  parameters  and  special\r\n",
      "              parameters may not be assigned to in this way.\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:?\b?_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              D\bDi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by  E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br i\bif\bf N\bNu\bul\bll\bl o\bor\br U\bUn\bns\bse\bet\bt.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset,\r\n",
      "              the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd (or a message to that effect  if  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  is\r\n",
      "              not  present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if\r\n",
      "              it is not interactive, exits.  Otherwise, the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br\r\n",
      "              is substituted.\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:+\b+_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              U\bUs\bse\be  A\bAl\blt\bte\ber\brn\bna\bat\bte\be V\bVa\bal\blu\bue\be.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is null or unset, nothing is\r\n",
      "              substituted, otherwise the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is substituted.\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br:\b:_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt:\b:_\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh}\r\n",
      "              S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn.  Expands to up to _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh characters of  the\r\n",
      "              value  of  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br starting at the character specified by _\bo_\bf_\bf_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\be_\bt.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@, an indexed array subscripted by @\b@ or *\b*,\r\n",
      "              or  an  associative  array name, the results differ as described\r\n",
      "              below.  If _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh is omitted, expands to the  substring  of  the\r\n",
      "              value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br starting at the character specified by _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt\r\n",
      "              and extending to the end of the value.  _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh  and  _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt  are\r\n",
      "              arithmetic expressions (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt  evaluates  to  a number less than zero, the value is\r\n",
      "              used as an offset in characters from the end  of  the  value  of\r\n",
      "              _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br.   If  _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh evaluates to a number less than zero, it\r\n",
      "              is interpreted as an offset in characters from the  end  of  the\r\n",
      "              value  of  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br rather than a number of characters, and the\r\n",
      "              expansion is the characters  between  _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt  and  that  result.\r\n",
      "              Note  that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by\r\n",
      "              at least one space to avoid being confused with  the  :\b:-\b-  expan-\r\n",
      "              sion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  @\b@, the result is _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh positional parameters\r\n",
      "              beginning at _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.  A negative _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is taken relative to one\r\n",
      "              greater  than the greatest positional parameter, so an offset of\r\n",
      "              -1 evaluates to the last positional parameter.  It is an  expan-\r\n",
      "              sion error if _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh evaluates to a number less than zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an indexed array name subscripted by @ or *, the\r\n",
      "              result is  the  _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh  members  of  the  array  beginning  with\r\n",
      "              ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br[_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt]}.   A  negative  _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is taken relative to\r\n",
      "              one greater than the maximum index of the specified  array.   It\r\n",
      "              is  an expansion error if _\bl_\be_\bn_\bg_\bt_\bh evaluates to a number less than\r\n",
      "              zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Substring expansion applied to  an  associative  array  produces\r\n",
      "              undefined results.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Substring  indexing  is zero-based unless the positional parame-\r\n",
      "              ters are used, in  which  case  the  indexing  starts  at  1  by\r\n",
      "              default.   If  _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt  is  0,  and the positional parameters are\r\n",
      "              used, $\b$0\b0 is prefixed to the list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${!\b!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx*\b*}\r\n",
      "       ${!\b!_\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx@\b@}\r\n",
      "              N\bNa\bam\bme\bes\bs m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx.  Expands to the names of variables  whose\r\n",
      "              names begin with _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx, separated by the first character of the\r\n",
      "              I\bIF\bFS\bS special variable.  When _\b@ is used and the expansion  appears\r\n",
      "              within  double  quotes, each variable name expands to a separate\r\n",
      "              word.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b@]}\r\n",
      "       ${!\b!_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\b*]}\r\n",
      "              L\bLi\bis\bst\bt o\bof\bf a\bar\brr\bra\bay\by k\bke\bey\bys\bs.  If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an array  variable,  expands  to\r\n",
      "              the  list  of array indices (keys) assigned in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is\r\n",
      "              not an array, expands to 0 if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set  and  null  otherwise.\r\n",
      "              When  _\b@  is used and the expansion appears within double quotes,\r\n",
      "              each key expands to a separate word.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${#\b#_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\r\n",
      "              P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\br l\ble\ben\bng\bgt\bth\bh.  The length in  characters  of  the  value  of\r\n",
      "              _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  substituted.   If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is *\b* or @\b@, the value\r\n",
      "              substituted is the number of positional parameters.  If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bt_\be_\br  is  an  array name subscripted by *\b* or @\b@, the value substi-\r\n",
      "              tuted is the number of elements in the array.  If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is\r\n",
      "              an  indexed  array  name  subscripted by a negative number, that\r\n",
      "              number is interpreted as relative to one greater than the  maxi-\r\n",
      "              mum  index of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, so negative indices count back from the\r\n",
      "              end of the array, and an index of -1 references  the  last  ele-\r\n",
      "              ment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br#\b#_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br#\b##\b#_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              R\bRe\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx p\bpa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn.  The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce\r\n",
      "              a pattern just as in pathname expansion.  If the pattern matches\r\n",
      "              the  beginning of the value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, then the result of the\r\n",
      "              expansion is the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br with  the  shortest\r\n",
      "              matching  pattern  (the ``#\b#'' case) or the longest matching pat-\r\n",
      "              tern (the ``#\b##\b#'' case) deleted.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is  @\b@  or  *\b*,  the\r\n",
      "              pattern  removal operation is applied to each positional parame-\r\n",
      "              ter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  an array variable subscripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the pattern\r\n",
      "              removal operation is applied to each  member  of  the  array  in\r\n",
      "              turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br%\b%_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br%\b%%\b%_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd}\r\n",
      "              R\bRe\bem\bmo\bov\bve\be m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg s\bsu\buf\bff\bfi\bix\bx p\bpa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn.  The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is expanded to produce\r\n",
      "              a pattern just as in pathname expansion.  If the pattern matches\r\n",
      "              a  trailing portion of the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br, then the\r\n",
      "              result of the expansion is the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  with\r\n",
      "              the  shortest  matching  pattern (the ``%\b%'' case) or the longest\r\n",
      "              matching pattern (the ``%\b%%\b%'' case) deleted.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  @\b@\r\n",
      "              or  *\b*,  the  pattern  removal operation is applied to each posi-\r\n",
      "              tional parameter in turn, and the  expansion  is  the  resultant\r\n",
      "              list.   If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable subscripted with @\b@ or\r\n",
      "              *\b*, the pattern removal operation is applied to  each  member  of\r\n",
      "              the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br/\b/_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn/\b/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg}\r\n",
      "              P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn s\bsu\bub\bbs\bst\bti\bit\btu\but\bti\bio\bon\bn.  The _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is expanded to produce a pat-\r\n",
      "              tern just as in pathname expansion.  _\bP_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is  expanded  and\r\n",
      "              the  longest match of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn against its value is replaced with\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins with /\b/, all matches  of  _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn  are\r\n",
      "              replaced   with  _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.   Normally  only  the  first  match  is\r\n",
      "              replaced.  If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins with #\b#, it must match at the begin-\r\n",
      "              ning of the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br.  If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn begins with\r\n",
      "              %\b%, it must match at the end of the expanded value of  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br.\r\n",
      "              If _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is null, matches of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn are deleted and the /\b/ fol-\r\n",
      "              lowing _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn may be omitted.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is @\b@ or *\b*, the sub-\r\n",
      "              stitution  operation  is applied to each positional parameter in\r\n",
      "              turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is\r\n",
      "              an  array  variable  subscripted  with  @\b@ or *\b*, the substitution\r\n",
      "              operation is applied to each member of the array  in  turn,  and\r\n",
      "              the expansion is the resultant list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br^\b^_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br^\b^^\b^_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br,\b,_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn}\r\n",
      "       ${_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br,\b,,\b,_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn}\r\n",
      "              C\bCa\bas\bse\be  m\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn.   This expansion modifies the case of alpha-\r\n",
      "              betic characters in _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br.  The _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is expanded to  pro-\r\n",
      "              duce a pattern just as in pathname expansion.  Each character in\r\n",
      "              the expanded value of _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is tested against _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn,  and,\r\n",
      "              if  it  matches the pattern, its case is converted.  The pattern\r\n",
      "              should not attempt to match more  than  one  character.   The  ^\b^\r\n",
      "              operator  converts  lowercase letters matching _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn to upper-\r\n",
      "              case; the ,\b, operator converts matching uppercase letters to low-\r\n",
      "              ercase.  The ^\b^^\b^ and ,\b,,\b, expansions convert each matched character\r\n",
      "              in the expanded value; the ^\b^ and ,\b, expansions match and  convert\r\n",
      "              only  the  first character in the expanded value.  If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is\r\n",
      "              omitted, it is treated like a ?\b?, which matches every  character.\r\n",
      "              If  _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br  is  @\b@  or  *\b*,  the case modification operation is\r\n",
      "              applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the  expansion\r\n",
      "              is  the  resultant list.  If _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is an array variable sub-\r\n",
      "              scripted with @\b@ or *\b*, the case modification operation is applied\r\n",
      "              to  each  member  of the array in turn, and the expansion is the\r\n",
      "              resultant list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\bti\bit\btu\but\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn allows the output of a command to replace the com-\r\n",
      "       mand name.  There are two forms:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              $\b$(\b(_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd)\b)\r\n",
      "       or\r\n",
      "              `\b`_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd`\b`\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh performs the expansion by executing _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd and replacing the com-\r\n",
      "       mand substitution with the standard output of  the  command,  with  any\r\n",
      "       trailing newlines deleted.  Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they\r\n",
      "       may be removed during word splitting.  The command  substitution  $\b$(\b(c\bca\bat\bt\r\n",
      "       _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be)\b) can be replaced by the equivalent but faster $\b$(\b(<\b< _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be)\b).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  the  old-style  backquote form of substitution is used, backslash\r\n",
      "       retains its literal meaning except when followed by $\b$, `\b`,  or  \\\b\\.   The\r\n",
      "       first backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command sub-\r\n",
      "       stitution.  When using the $(_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd) form, all characters between  the\r\n",
      "       parentheses make up the command; none are treated specially.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Command substitutions may be nested.  To nest when using the backquoted\r\n",
      "       form, escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the substitution appears within double quotes,  word  splitting  and\r\n",
      "       pathname expansion are not performed on the results.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       Arithmetic  expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression\r\n",
      "       and the substitution of the result.  The format for  arithmetic  expan-\r\n",
      "       sion is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              $\b$(\b((\b(_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn)\b))\b)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  old  format  $\b$[\b[_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn]\b]  is  deprecated  and will be removed in\r\n",
      "       upcoming versions of bash.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is treated as if it were within  double  quotes,  but  a\r\n",
      "       double  quote  inside  the  parentheses  is not treated specially.  All\r\n",
      "       tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion, com-\r\n",
      "       mand  substitution,  and  quote  removal.  The result is treated as the\r\n",
      "       arithmetic expression to be evaluated.  Arithmetic  expansions  may  be\r\n",
      "       nested.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  evaluation  is performed according to the rules listed below under\r\n",
      "       A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.  If _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn is invalid, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh prints a message\r\n",
      "       indicating failure and no substitution occurs.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPr\bro\boc\bce\bes\bss\bs S\bSu\bub\bbs\bst\bti\bit\btu\but\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       _\bP_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs  _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bt_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn  is supported on systems that support named pipes\r\n",
      "       (_\bF_\bI_\bF_\bO_\bs) or the /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd method of naming open files.  It takes the  form\r\n",
      "       of  <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) or >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b).  The process _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is run with its input or out-\r\n",
      "       put connected to a _\bF_\bI_\bF_\bO or some file in /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd.  The name of this file\r\n",
      "       is  passed  as  an argument to the current command as the result of the\r\n",
      "       expansion.  If the >\b>(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, writing to the file will  pro-\r\n",
      "       vide  input  for _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.  If the <\b<(\b(_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b) form is used, the file passed as\r\n",
      "       an argument should be read to obtain the output of _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When available, process substitution is performed  simultaneously  with\r\n",
      "       parameter  and variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic\r\n",
      "       expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       The shell scans the results of parameter expansion,  command  substitu-\r\n",
      "       tion,  and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double quotes\r\n",
      "       for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\bs_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The shell treats each character of I\bIF\bFS\bS as a delimiter, and  splits  the\r\n",
      "       results  of  the  other expansions into words using these characters as\r\n",
      "       field  terminators.   If  I\bIF\bFS\bS  is  unset,  or  its  value  is   exactly\r\n",
      "       <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b><\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b><\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>,  the  default, then sequences of <\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>, <\b<t\bta\bab\bb>\b>,\r\n",
      "       and <\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> at the beginning and end of the results of  the  previous\r\n",
      "       expansions  are  ignored, and any sequence of I\bIF\bFS\bS characters not at the\r\n",
      "       beginning or end serves to delimit words.  If I\bIF\bFS\bS  has  a  value  other\r\n",
      "       than the default, then sequences of the whitespace characters s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be and\r\n",
      "       t\bta\bab\bb are ignored at the beginning and end of the word, as  long  as  the\r\n",
      "       whitespace  character is in the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS (an I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace charac-\r\n",
      "       ter).  Any character in I\bIF\bFS\bS that is not I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace, along with  any\r\n",
      "       adjacent  I\bIF\bFS\bS  whitespace  characters, delimits a field.  A sequence of\r\n",
      "       I\bIF\bFS\bS whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.  If the value\r\n",
      "       of I\bIF\bFS\bS is null, no word splitting occurs.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Explicit  null  arguments  (\"\b\"\"\b\"  or '\b''\b') are retained.  Unquoted implicit\r\n",
      "       null arguments, resulting from the expansion of parameters that have no\r\n",
      "       values,  are  removed.  If a parameter with no value is expanded within\r\n",
      "       double quotes, a null argument results and is retained.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting is performed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       After word splitting, unless the -\b-f\bf option has  been  set,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  scans\r\n",
      "       each  word  for the characters *\b*, ?\b?, and [\b[.  If one of these characters\r\n",
      "       appears, then the word is regarded as a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn, and replaced  with  an\r\n",
      "       alphabetically  sorted list of filenames matching the pattern (see P\bPa\bat\bt-\b-\r\n",
      "       t\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg below).  If no matching  filenames  are  found,  and  the\r\n",
      "       shell  option  n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is not enabled, the word is left unchanged.  If\r\n",
      "       the n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is set, and no  matches  are  found,  the  word  is\r\n",
      "       removed.   If  the  f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb  shell  option  is set, and no matches are\r\n",
      "       found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed.  If\r\n",
      "       the  shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is enabled, the match is performed without\r\n",
      "       regard to the case of alphabetic  characters.   Note  that  when  using\r\n",
      "       range expressions like [a-z] (see below), letters of the other case may\r\n",
      "       be included, depending on the setting of L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE.\b.  When a pattern is\r\n",
      "       used  for  pathname  expansion,  the character `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'  at the start of a\r\n",
      "       name or immediately following  a  slash  must  be  matched  explicitly,\r\n",
      "       unless  the shell option d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is set.  When matching a pathname, the\r\n",
      "       slash character must always be matched explicitly.  In other cases, the\r\n",
      "       `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'   character  is  not  treated  specially.  See the description of\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS  for  a  description  of  the\r\n",
      "       n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb, and d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell options.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable may be used to restrict the set of file-\r\n",
      "       names matching a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.  If G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set, each matching filename\r\n",
      "       that also matches one of the patterns in G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is removed from the\r\n",
      "       list of matches.  The filenames `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'  and `\b``\b`.\b..\b.'\b''\b'  are  always  ignored\r\n",
      "       when  G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is set and not null.  However, setting G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE to a\r\n",
      "       non-null value has the effect of enabling the d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option,  so\r\n",
      "       all other filenames beginning with a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'  will match.  To get the old\r\n",
      "       behavior of ignoring filenames beginning with a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b', make `\b``\b`.\b.*\b*'\b''\b'  one\r\n",
      "       of  the  patterns  in  G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.  The d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb option is disabled when\r\n",
      "       G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is unset.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern\r\n",
      "       characters  described below, matches itself.  The NUL character may not\r\n",
      "       occur in a pattern.  A backslash escapes the following  character;  the\r\n",
      "       escaping  backslash  is  discarded  when matching.  The special pattern\r\n",
      "       characters must be quoted if they are to be matched literally.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The special pattern characters have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              *\b*      Matches any string, including the null string.  When  the\r\n",
      "                     g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br  shell  option  is  enabled,  and *\b* is used in a\r\n",
      "                     pathname expansion context, two adjacent  *\b*s  used  as  a\r\n",
      "                     single  pattern  will  match  all  files and zero or more\r\n",
      "                     directories and subdirectories.  If followed by a /\b/,  two\r\n",
      "                     adjacent  *\b*s  will match only directories and subdirecto-\r\n",
      "                     ries.\r\n",
      "              ?\b?      Matches any single character.\r\n",
      "              [\b[.\b..\b..\b.]\b]  Matches any one of the enclosed characters.   A  pair  of\r\n",
      "                     characters  separated by a hyphen denotes a _\br_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\b-\r\n",
      "                     _\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn; any character that falls between those two  charac-\r\n",
      "                     ters,  inclusive,  using  the  current locale's collating\r\n",
      "                     sequence and character set, is  matched.   If  the  first\r\n",
      "                     character following the [\b[ is a !\b!  or a ^\b^ then any charac-\r\n",
      "                     ter not enclosed is matched.  The sorting order of  char-\r\n",
      "                     acters  in range expressions is determined by the current\r\n",
      "                     locale and the values of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE or  L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL  shell\r\n",
      "                     variables, if set.  To obtain the traditional interpreta-\r\n",
      "                     tion of range expressions, where [\b[a\ba-\b-d\bd]\b] is  equivalent  to\r\n",
      "                     [\b[a\bab\bbc\bcd\bd]\b],  set  value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell variable to C\bC, or\r\n",
      "                     enable the g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs shell  option.   A  -\b-  may  be\r\n",
      "                     matched by including it as the first or last character in\r\n",
      "                     the set.  A ]\b] may be matched by including it as the first\r\n",
      "                     character in the set.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "                     Within  [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using\r\n",
      "                     the syntax [\b[:\b:_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs:\b:]\b], where _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs is one of the following\r\n",
      "                     classes defined in the POSIX standard:\r\n",
      "                     a\bal\bln\bnu\bum\bm  a\bal\blp\bph\bha\ba  a\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bi  b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk  c\bcn\bnt\btr\brl\bl d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\br p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt\r\n",
      "                     p\bpu\bun\bnc\bct\bt s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\br w\bwo\bor\brd\bd x\bxd\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt\r\n",
      "                     A character class matches any character belonging to that\r\n",
      "                     class.  The w\bwo\bor\brd\bd character class matches letters, digits,\r\n",
      "                     and the character _.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "                     Within [\b[ and ]\b], an _\be_\bq_\bu_\bi_\bv_\ba_\bl_\be_\bn_\bc_\be  _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs  can  be  specified\r\n",
      "                     using the syntax [\b[=\b=_\bc=\b=]\b], which matches all characters with\r\n",
      "                     the same collation weight  (as  defined  by  the  current\r\n",
      "                     locale) as the character _\bc.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "                     Within [\b[ and ]\b], the syntax [\b[.\b._\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.\b.]\b] matches the collat-\r\n",
      "                     ing symbol _\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, several\r\n",
      "       extended  pattern  matching operators are recognized.  In the following\r\n",
      "       description, a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is a list of one or more patterns separated\r\n",
      "       by a |\b|.  Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the fol-\r\n",
      "       lowing sub-patterns:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              ?\b?(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "                     Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns\r\n",
      "              *\b*(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "                     Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns\r\n",
      "              +\b+(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "                     Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns\r\n",
      "              @\b@(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "                     Matches one of the given patterns\r\n",
      "              !\b!(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "                     Matches anything except one of the given patterns\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   Q\bQu\buo\bot\bte\be R\bRe\bem\bmo\bov\bva\bal\bl\r\n",
      "       After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the charac-\r\n",
      "       ters  \\\b\\,  '\b', and \"\b\" that did not result from one of the above expansions\r\n",
      "       are removed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       Before a command is executed, its input and output  may  be  _\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd\r\n",
      "       using  a special notation interpreted by the shell.  Redirection allows\r\n",
      "       commands' file handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to  refer\r\n",
      "       to different files, and can change the files the command reads from and\r\n",
      "       writes to.  Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in  the\r\n",
      "       current  shell execution environment.  The following redirection opera-\r\n",
      "       tors may precede or appear anywhere within a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or may fol-\r\n",
      "       low  a  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.   Redirections are processed in the order they appear,\r\n",
      "       from left to right.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor  number  may\r\n",
      "       instead be preceded by a word of the form {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be}.  In this case, for\r\n",
      "       each redirection operator except >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a\r\n",
      "       file  descriptor  greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "       If >&- or <&- is preceded by {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be}, the value  of  _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  defines\r\n",
      "       the file descriptor to close.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In  the  following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-\r\n",
      "       ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <\b<, the  re-\r\n",
      "       direction  refers  to  the  standard input (file descriptor 0).  If the\r\n",
      "       first character of the  redirection  operator  is  >\b>,  the  redirection\r\n",
      "       refers to the standard output (file descriptor 1).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  word  following the redirection operator in the following descrip-\r\n",
      "       tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace  expansion,  tilde\r\n",
      "       expansion,  parameter  and  variable  expansion,  command substitution,\r\n",
      "       arithmetic expansion,  quote  removal,  pathname  expansion,  and  word\r\n",
      "       splitting.  If it expands to more than one word, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Note  that  the order of redirections is significant.  For example, the\r\n",
      "       command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              ls >\b> dirlist 2>\b>&\b&1\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       directs both standard output and standard error to  the  file  _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,\r\n",
      "       while the command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              ls 2>\b>&\b&1 >\b> dirlist\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       directs  only the standard output to file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, because the standard\r\n",
      "       error was duplicated from the standard output before the standard  out-\r\n",
      "       put was redirected to _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh handles several filenames specially when they are used in redirec-\r\n",
      "       tions, as described in the following table:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd/\b/_\bf_\bd\r\n",
      "                     If _\bf_\bd is a valid integer, file descriptor  _\bf_\bd  is  dupli-\r\n",
      "                     cated.\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/s\bst\btd\bdi\bin\bn\r\n",
      "                     File descriptor 0 is duplicated.\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/s\bst\btd\bdo\bou\but\bt\r\n",
      "                     File descriptor 1 is duplicated.\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/s\bst\btd\bde\ber\brr\br\r\n",
      "                     File descriptor 2 is duplicated.\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/t\btc\bcp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt\r\n",
      "                     If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt\r\n",
      "                     is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  attempts\r\n",
      "                     to open the corresponding TCP socket.\r\n",
      "              /\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/u\bud\bdp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt\r\n",
      "                     If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt\r\n",
      "                     is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  attempts\r\n",
      "                     to open the corresponding UDP socket.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Redirections  using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with\r\n",
      "       care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses  inter-\r\n",
      "       nally.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Note that the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command can make redirections take effect in\r\n",
      "       the current shell.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg I\bIn\bnp\bpu\but\bt\r\n",
      "       Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the expan-\r\n",
      "       sion  of  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  to  be  opened for reading on file descriptor _\bn, or the\r\n",
      "       standard input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The general format for redirecting input is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]<\b<_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt\r\n",
      "       Redirection of output causes the  file  whose  name  results  from  the\r\n",
      "       expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for writing on file descriptor _\bn, or the\r\n",
      "       standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified.  If the file\r\n",
      "       does  not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero\r\n",
      "       size.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The general format for redirecting output is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the redirection operator is >\b>, and the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to  the  s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "       builtin  has  been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose\r\n",
      "       name results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists and is a  regular  file.\r\n",
      "       If the redirection operator is >\b>|\b|, or the redirection operator is >\b> and\r\n",
      "       the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is not enabled, the re-\r\n",
      "       direction is attempted even if the file named by _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   A\bAp\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bte\bed\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt\r\n",
      "       Redirection  of  output  in  this  fashion  causes  the file whose name\r\n",
      "       results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for appending  on  file\r\n",
      "       descriptor  _\bn,  or  the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not\r\n",
      "       specified.  If the file does not exist it is created.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The general format for appending output is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]>\b>>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt a\ban\bnd\bd S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br\r\n",
      "       This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1)  and\r\n",
      "       the  standard  error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the\r\n",
      "       file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There are two formats for  redirecting  standard  output  and  standard\r\n",
      "       error:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              &\b&>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "       and\r\n",
      "              >\b>&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Of the two forms, the first is preferred.  This is semantically equiva-\r\n",
      "       lent to\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              >\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd 2>\b>&\b&1\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When using the second form, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd may not expand to a number or  -\b-.   If\r\n",
      "       it  does,  other  redirection  operators  apply  (see  D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be\r\n",
      "       D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs below) for compatibility reasons.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   A\bAp\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt a\ban\bnd\bd S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br\r\n",
      "       This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1)  and\r\n",
      "       the  standard  error  output  (file descriptor 2) to be appended to the\r\n",
      "       file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The format for appending standard output and standard error is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              &\b&>\b>>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       This is semantically equivalent to\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              >\b>>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd 2>\b>&\b&1\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       (see D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   H\bHe\ber\bre\be D\bDo\boc\bcu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "       This type of redirection instructs the shell to  read  input  from  the\r\n",
      "       current source until a line containing only _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br (with no trailing\r\n",
      "       blanks) is seen.  All of the lines read up to that point are then  used\r\n",
      "       as the standard input for a command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The format of here-documents is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              <\b<<\b<[-\b-]_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "                      _\bh_\be_\br_\be_\b-_\bd_\bo_\bc_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt\r\n",
      "              _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       No  parameter  and variable expansion, command substitution, arithmetic\r\n",
      "       expansion, or pathname expansion is performed on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.  If any  charac-\r\n",
      "       ters  in  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd are quoted, the _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br is the result of quote removal\r\n",
      "       on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.  If  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "       is  unquoted, all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter\r\n",
      "       expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, the  charac-\r\n",
      "       ter  sequence  \\\b\\<\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b>  is  ignored, and \\\b\\ must be used to quote the\r\n",
      "       characters \\\b\\, $\b$, and `\b`.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the redirection operator is <\b<<\b<-\b-, then all leading tab characters are\r\n",
      "       stripped  from  input  lines  and  the line containing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br.  This\r\n",
      "       allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a  natural\r\n",
      "       fashion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   H\bHe\ber\bre\be S\bSt\btr\bri\bin\bng\bgs\bs\r\n",
      "       A variant of here documents, the format is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              <\b<<\b<<\b<_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  undergoes  brace  expansion,  tilde expansion, parameter and\r\n",
      "       variable expansion, command  substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and\r\n",
      "       quote  removal.   Pathname  expansion  and  word splitting are not per-\r\n",
      "       formed.  The result is supplied as a single string to  the  command  on\r\n",
      "       its standard input.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       The redirection operator\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       is used to duplicate input file descriptors.  If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd expands to one or\r\n",
      "       more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _\bn is made to be a  copy  of\r\n",
      "       that  file  descriptor.   If  the  digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file\r\n",
      "       descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs.  If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  evalu-\r\n",
      "       ates  to  -\b-,  file  descriptor _\bn is closed.  If _\bn is not specified, the\r\n",
      "       standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The operator\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors.  If  _\bn  is  not\r\n",
      "       specified,  the  standard  output  (file descriptor 1) is used.  If the\r\n",
      "       digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a  re-\r\n",
      "       direction  error  occurs.  If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evaluates to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is\r\n",
      "       closed.  As a special case, if _\bn is omitted, and _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd does  not  expand\r\n",
      "       to  one or more digits or -\b-, the standard output and standard error are\r\n",
      "       redirected as described previously.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       The redirection operator\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or  the  standard\r\n",
      "       input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified.  _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt is closed after\r\n",
      "       being duplicated to _\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Similarly, the redirection operator\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or  the  standard\r\n",
      "       output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   O\bOp\bpe\ben\bni\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs f\bfo\bor\br R\bRe\bea\bad\bdi\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd W\bWr\bri\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       The redirection operator\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [_\bn]<\b<>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       causes  the  file  whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for\r\n",
      "       both reading and writing on file descriptor _\bn, or on file descriptor  0\r\n",
      "       if _\bn is not specified.  If the file does not exist, it is created.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS\r\n",
      "       _\bA_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs  allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as\r\n",
      "       the first word of a simple command.  The  shell  maintains  a  list  of\r\n",
      "       aliases  that  may  be set and unset with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs and u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin\r\n",
      "       commands (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  The first  word  of  each\r\n",
      "       simple  command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias.  If\r\n",
      "       so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias.  The characters  /\b/,\r\n",
      "       $\b$,  `\b`,  and =\b= and any of the shell _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs or quoting characters\r\n",
      "       listed above may not appear in an alias name.  The replacement text may\r\n",
      "       contain  any  valid  shell  input, including shell metacharacters.  The\r\n",
      "       first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases,  but  a  word\r\n",
      "       that  is  identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second\r\n",
      "       time.  This means that one may alias l\bls\bs to l\bls\bs  -\b-F\bF,  for  instance,  and\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  does  not try to recursively expand the replacement text.  If the\r\n",
      "       last character of the alias value is a _\bb_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bk,  then  the  next  command\r\n",
      "       word following the alias is also checked for alias expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Aliases are created and listed with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command, and removed with\r\n",
      "       the u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text.   If\r\n",
      "       arguments  are  needed,  a shell function should be used (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "       below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless  the\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs  shell option is set using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt (see the description of\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The rules concerning the definition and use  of  aliases  are  somewhat\r\n",
      "       confusing.   B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  always  reads  at  least  one complete line of input\r\n",
      "       before executing any  of  the  commands  on  that  line.   Aliases  are\r\n",
      "       expanded  when  a command is read, not when it is executed.  Therefore,\r\n",
      "       an alias definition appearing on the same line as another command  does\r\n",
      "       not  take  effect  until  the next line of input is read.  The commands\r\n",
      "       following the alias definition on that line are not affected by the new\r\n",
      "       alias.   This  behavior  is  also an issue when functions are executed.\r\n",
      "       Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not  when  the\r\n",
      "       function  is  executed,  because a function definition is itself a com-\r\n",
      "       pound command.  As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are not\r\n",
      "       available  until  after  that function is executed.  To be safe, always\r\n",
      "       put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs in  com-\r\n",
      "       pound commands.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "       A  shell  function,  defined  as  described  above under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR,\r\n",
      "       stores a series of commands for later execution.  When the  name  of  a\r\n",
      "       shell  function  is used as a simple command name, the list of commands\r\n",
      "       associated with that function name is executed.  Functions are executed\r\n",
      "       in  the  context  of  the  current  shell; no new process is created to\r\n",
      "       interpret them (contrast this with the execution of  a  shell  script).\r\n",
      "       When  a  function is executed, the arguments to the function become the\r\n",
      "       positional parameters during its execution.  The special parameter #\b# is\r\n",
      "       updated  to reflect the change.  Special parameter 0\b0 is unchanged.  The\r\n",
      "       first element of the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE variable is set to the name of the  func-\r\n",
      "       tion while the function is executing.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       All  other  aspects  of  the  shell execution environment are identical\r\n",
      "       between a function and its caller with these exceptions:  the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and\r\n",
      "       R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN  traps  (see  the  description  of  the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "       B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inherited unless the function has  been\r\n",
      "       given  the  t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin\r\n",
      "       below) or the -\b-o\bo f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell option has been enabled with  the  s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "       builtin  (in  which  case  all  functions  inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN\r\n",
      "       traps), and the E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not inherited unless the -\b-o\bo e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be  shell\r\n",
      "       option has been enabled.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Variables  local to the function may be declared with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin\r\n",
      "       command.  Ordinarily, variables and their values are shared between the\r\n",
      "       function and its caller.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT  variable,  if  set  to  a  numeric value greater than 0,\r\n",
      "       defines a maximum function nesting level.   Function  invocations  that\r\n",
      "       exceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the  builtin command r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed in a function, the function\r\n",
      "       completes and execution resumes with the next command after  the  func-\r\n",
      "       tion  call.   Any  command  associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed\r\n",
      "       before execution resumes.  When a function completes, the values of the\r\n",
      "       positional  parameters  and the special parameter #\b# are restored to the\r\n",
      "       values they had prior to the function's execution.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Function names and definitions may be listed with the -\b-f\bf option to  the\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt builtin commands.  The -\b-F\bF option to d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\be-\b-\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bet\bt will list the function names only (and optionally the  source  file\r\n",
      "       and  line  number, if the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled).  Functions\r\n",
      "       may be exported so that subshells automatically have them defined  with\r\n",
      "       the  -\b-f\bf  option  to  the  e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt builtin.  A function definition may be\r\n",
      "       deleted using the -\b-f\bf option to the  u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt  builtin.   Note  that  shell\r\n",
      "       functions and variables with the same name may result in multiple iden-\r\n",
      "       tically-named entries in the environment passed to  the  shell's  chil-\r\n",
      "       dren.  Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Functions may be recursive.  The F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT variable may be used to limit\r\n",
      "       the depth of the function call stack and restrict the number  of  func-\r\n",
      "       tion  invocations.   By  default,  no limit is imposed on the number of\r\n",
      "       recursive calls.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under  certain\r\n",
      "       circumstances  (see the l\ble\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin commands and A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc\r\n",
      "       E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn).  Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with  no  check\r\n",
      "       for  overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.\r\n",
      "       The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values  are  the\r\n",
      "       same  as in the C language.  The following list of operators is grouped\r\n",
      "       into levels of equal-precedence operators.  The levels  are  listed  in\r\n",
      "       order of decreasing precedence.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bi_\bd+\b++\b+ _\bi_\bd-\b--\b-\r\n",
      "              variable post-increment and post-decrement\r\n",
      "       +\b++\b+_\bi_\bd -\b--\b-_\bi_\bd\r\n",
      "              variable pre-increment and pre-decrement\r\n",
      "       -\b- +\b+    unary minus and plus\r\n",
      "       !\b! ~\b~    logical and bitwise negation\r\n",
      "       *\b**\b*     exponentiation\r\n",
      "       *\b* /\b/ %\b%  multiplication, division, remainder\r\n",
      "       +\b+ -\b-    addition, subtraction\r\n",
      "       <\b<<\b< >\b>>\b>  left and right bitwise shifts\r\n",
      "       <\b<=\b= >\b>=\b= <\b< >\b>\r\n",
      "              comparison\r\n",
      "       =\b==\b= !\b!=\b=  equality and inequality\r\n",
      "       &\b&      bitwise AND\r\n",
      "       ^\b^      bitwise exclusive OR\r\n",
      "       |\b|      bitwise OR\r\n",
      "       &\b&&\b&     logical AND\r\n",
      "       |\b||\b|     logical OR\r\n",
      "       _\be_\bx_\bp_\br?\b?_\be_\bx_\bp_\br:\b:_\be_\bx_\bp_\br\r\n",
      "              conditional operator\r\n",
      "       =\b= *\b*=\b= /\b/=\b= %\b%=\b= +\b+=\b= -\b-=\b= <\b<<\b<=\b= >\b>>\b>=\b= &\b&=\b= ^\b^=\b= |\b|=\b=\r\n",
      "              assignment\r\n",
      "       _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ,\b, _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2\r\n",
      "              comma\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Shell  variables  are  allowed as operands; parameter expansion is per-\r\n",
      "       formed before the expression is evaluated.  Within an expression, shell\r\n",
      "       variables  may  also  be referenced by name without using the parameter\r\n",
      "       expansion syntax.  A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates  to\r\n",
      "       0 when referenced by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.\r\n",
      "       The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic  expression  when\r\n",
      "       it  is  referenced, or when a variable which has been given the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br\r\n",
      "       attribute using d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-i\bi is assigned a value.  A null value evaluates\r\n",
      "       to  0.   A shell variable need not have its _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute turned on\r\n",
      "       to be used in an expression.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.  A leading\r\n",
      "       0x  or  0X  denotes  hexadecimal.   Otherwise,  numbers  take  the form\r\n",
      "       [_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b#]n, where the optional _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is a decimal number between 2 and  64\r\n",
      "       representing  the  arithmetic base, and _\bn is a number in that base.  If\r\n",
      "       _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b# is omitted, then base 10 is used.  When specifying _\bn, the  digits\r\n",
      "       greater< than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase\r\n",
      "       letters, @, and _, in that order.  If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is less than or equal to 36,\r\n",
      "       lowercase  and  uppercase letters may be used interchangeably to repre-\r\n",
      "       sent numbers between 10 and 35.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Operators are evaluated in order  of  precedence.   Sub-expressions  in\r\n",
      "       parentheses  are  evaluated first and may override the precedence rules\r\n",
      "       above.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS\r\n",
      "       Conditional expressions are used by the [\b[[\b[  compound  command  and  the\r\n",
      "       t\bte\bes\bst\bt  and [\b[ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string\r\n",
      "       and arithmetic comparisons.  Expressions are formed from the  following\r\n",
      "       unary  or  binary  primaries.   If any _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the pri-\r\n",
      "       maries is of the form _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bf_\bd_\b/_\bn, then file descriptor _\bn is checked.  If\r\n",
      "       the  _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be  argument  to  one  of  the  primaries  is one of _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bi_\bn,\r\n",
      "       _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bo_\bu_\bt, or _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\be_\br_\br, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2,  respectively,\r\n",
      "       is checked.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow sym-\r\n",
      "       bolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link\r\n",
      "       itself.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  used  with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexicographically using\r\n",
      "       the current locale.  The t\bte\bes\bst\bt command sorts using ASCII ordering.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       -\b-a\ba _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists.\r\n",
      "       -\b-b\bb _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a block special file.\r\n",
      "       -\b-c\bc _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a character special file.\r\n",
      "       -\b-d\bd _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a directory.\r\n",
      "       -\b-e\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists.\r\n",
      "       -\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a regular file.\r\n",
      "       -\b-g\bg _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is set-group-id.\r\n",
      "       -\b-h\bh _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a symbolic link.\r\n",
      "       -\b-k\bk _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and its ``sticky'' bit is set.\r\n",
      "       -\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a named pipe (FIFO).\r\n",
      "       -\b-r\br _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is readable.\r\n",
      "       -\b-s\bs _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has a size greater than zero.\r\n",
      "       -\b-t\bt _\bf_\bd  True if file descriptor _\bf_\bd is open and refers to a terminal.\r\n",
      "       -\b-u\bu _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and its set-user-id bit is set.\r\n",
      "       -\b-w\bw _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is writable.\r\n",
      "       -\b-x\bx _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is executable.\r\n",
      "       -\b-G\bG _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is owned by the effective group id.\r\n",
      "       -\b-L\bL _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a symbolic link.\r\n",
      "       -\b-N\bN _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has been  modified  since  it  was  last\r\n",
      "              read.\r\n",
      "       -\b-O\bO _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is owned by the effective user id.\r\n",
      "       -\b-S\bS _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a socket.\r\n",
      "       _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -\b-e\bef\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2\r\n",
      "              True  if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 refer to the same device and inode num-\r\n",
      "              bers.\r\n",
      "       _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -n\bnt\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2\r\n",
      "              True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is newer (according  to  modification  date)  than\r\n",
      "              _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 does not.\r\n",
      "       _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -o\bot\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2\r\n",
      "              True  if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is older than _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1\r\n",
      "              does not.\r\n",
      "       -\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              True if the shell option _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is enabled.  See  the  list  of\r\n",
      "              options  under  the  description  of  the  -\b-o\bo  option to the s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "              builtin below.\r\n",
      "       -\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              True if the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set (has been  assigned  a\r\n",
      "              value).\r\n",
      "       -\b-R\bR _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              True  if  the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set and is a name refer-\r\n",
      "              ence.\r\n",
      "       -\b-z\bz _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\r\n",
      "              True if the length of _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is zero.\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\r\n",
      "       -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\r\n",
      "              True if the length of _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is non-zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 =\b==\b= _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 =\b= _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "              True if the strings are equal.  =\b= should be used with  the  t\bte\bes\bst\bt\r\n",
      "              command  for  POSIX conformance.  When used with the [\b[[\b[ command,\r\n",
      "              this performs pattern matching as described above (C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bm-\b-\r\n",
      "              m\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 !\b!=\b= _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "              True if the strings are not equal.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 <\b< _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "              True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts before _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 >\b> _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "              True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts after _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 O\bOP\bP _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2\r\n",
      "              O\bOP\bP  is one of -\b-e\beq\bq, -\b-n\bne\be, -\b-l\blt\bt, -\b-l\ble\be, -\b-g\bgt\bt, or -\b-g\bge\be.  These arithmetic\r\n",
      "              binary operators return true if _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 is equal to, not equal  to,\r\n",
      "              less  than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than\r\n",
      "              or equal to _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2, respectively.  _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2 may  be  positive\r\n",
      "              or negative integers.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSI\bIM\bMP\bPL\bLE\bE C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       When  a  simple  command  is executed, the shell performs the following\r\n",
      "       expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       1.     The words that the parser has  marked  as  variable  assignments\r\n",
      "              (those  preceding  the  command name) and redirections are saved\r\n",
      "              for later processing.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       2.     The words that are not variable assignments or redirections  are\r\n",
      "              expanded.   If  any words remain after expansion, the first word\r\n",
      "              is taken to be the name of the command and the  remaining  words\r\n",
      "              are the arguments.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       3.     Redirections are performed as described above under R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       4.     The text after the =\b= in each variable assignment undergoes tilde\r\n",
      "              expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic\r\n",
      "              expansion,  and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-\r\n",
      "              able.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current\r\n",
      "       shell  environment.  Otherwise, the variables are added to the environ-\r\n",
      "       ment of the executed command and do not affect the current shell  envi-\r\n",
      "       ronment.   If  any  of  the assignments attempts to assign a value to a\r\n",
      "       readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits with  a  non-\r\n",
      "       zero status.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  no  command  name  results,  redirections are performed, but do not\r\n",
      "       affect the current shell environment.  A redirection error  causes  the\r\n",
      "       command to exit with a non-zero status.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as\r\n",
      "       described below.  Otherwise, the command exits.  If one of  the  expan-\r\n",
      "       sions  contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command\r\n",
      "       is the exit status of the  last  command  substitution  performed.   If\r\n",
      "       there were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of\r\n",
      "       zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       After a command has been split into words, if it results  in  a  simple\r\n",
      "       command  and  an  optional list of arguments, the following actions are\r\n",
      "       taken.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts  to  locate\r\n",
      "       it.   If  there  exists a shell function by that name, that function is\r\n",
      "       invoked as described above in F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.  If the name does not match  a\r\n",
      "       function,  the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins.  If\r\n",
      "       a match is found, that builtin is invoked.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains  no\r\n",
      "       slashes,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  searches  each element of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for a directory con-\r\n",
      "       taining an executable file by that name.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses  a  hash  table  to\r\n",
      "       remember  the  full pathnames of executable files (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "       B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  A full search of the directories in  P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH  is\r\n",
      "       performed  only  if the command is not found in the hash table.  If the\r\n",
      "       search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell function\r\n",
      "       named c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd_\b_n\bno\bot\bt_\b_f\bfo\bou\bun\bnd\bd_\b_h\bha\ban\bnd\bdl\ble\be.  If that function exists, it is invoked\r\n",
      "       with the original command and the original command's arguments  as  its\r\n",
      "       arguments,  and  the  function's exit status becomes the exit status of\r\n",
      "       the shell.  If that function is not defined, the shell prints an  error\r\n",
      "       message and returns an exit status of 127.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the  search  is  successful, or if the command name contains one or\r\n",
      "       more slashes, the shell executes the named program in a separate execu-\r\n",
      "       tion environment.  Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remain-\r\n",
      "       ing arguments to the command are set to the arguments given, if any.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If this execution fails because the file is not in  executable  format,\r\n",
      "       and  the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt, a\r\n",
      "       file containing shell commands.  A subshell is spawned to  execute  it.\r\n",
      "       This  subshell  reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a new\r\n",
      "       shell had been invoked to handle the script, with  the  exception  that\r\n",
      "       the  locations  of  commands  remembered  by the parent (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh below\r\n",
      "       under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS) are retained by the child.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the program is a file beginning with #\b#!\b!, the remainder of the  first\r\n",
      "       line  specifies an interpreter for the program.  The shell executes the\r\n",
      "       specified interpreter on operating systems that do not handle this exe-\r\n",
      "       cutable format themselves.  The arguments to the interpreter consist of\r\n",
      "       a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the  first\r\n",
      "       line  of  the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by\r\n",
      "       the command arguments, if any.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "       The shell has an _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt, which consists of  the  follow-\r\n",
      "       ing:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      open  files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by\r\n",
      "              redirections supplied to the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      the current working directory as set by c\bcd\bd, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd, or  p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd,  or\r\n",
      "              inherited by the shell at invocation\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      the  file  creation  mode mask as set by u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk or inherited from\r\n",
      "              the shell's parent\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      current traps set by t\btr\bra\bap\bp\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "              or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      shell  functions  defined during execution or inherited from the\r\n",
      "              shell's parent in the environment\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      options enabled at invocation (either by default  or  with  com-\r\n",
      "              mand-line arguments) or by s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      options enabled by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      shell aliases defined with a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      various  process  IDs,  including  those of background jobs, the\r\n",
      "              value of $\b$$\b$, and the value of P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is  to  be\r\n",
      "       executed,  it  is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-\r\n",
      "       sists of the following.  Unless otherwise noted, the values are  inher-\r\n",
      "       ited from the shell.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      the  shell's  open  files,  plus any modifications and additions\r\n",
      "              specified by redirections to the command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      the current working directory\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      the file creation mode mask\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      shell variables and functions  marked  for  export,  along  with\r\n",
      "              variables exported for the command, passed in the environment\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from\r\n",
      "              the shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       A command invoked  in  this  separate  environment  cannot  affect  the\r\n",
      "       shell's execution environment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Command  substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-\r\n",
      "       nous commands are invoked in a subshell environment that is a duplicate\r\n",
      "       of  the  shell  environment,  except that traps caught by the shell are\r\n",
      "       reset to the values that the shell inherited from its parent at invoca-\r\n",
      "       tion.  Builtin commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also\r\n",
      "       executed in a subshell environment.  Changes made to the subshell envi-\r\n",
      "       ronment cannot affect the shell's execution environment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of\r\n",
      "       the -\b-e\be option from the parent shell.  When  not  in  _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx  mode,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       clears the -\b-e\be option in such subshells.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  a  command  is  followed  by a &\b& and job control is not active, the\r\n",
      "       default standard input for the command is  the  empty  file  _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bn_\bu_\bl_\bl.\r\n",
      "       Otherwise,  the  invoked  command  inherits the file descriptors of the\r\n",
      "       calling shell as modified by redirections.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "       When a program is invoked it is given an array of  strings  called  the\r\n",
      "       _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.   This  is  a  list  of  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be-_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be  pairs,  of  the  form\r\n",
      "       _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The shell provides several ways  to  manipulate  the  environment.   On\r\n",
      "       invocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter\r\n",
      "       for each name found, automatically marking it for _\be_\bx_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt to child  pro-\r\n",
      "       cesses.   Executed  commands  inherit  the environment.  The e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands allow parameters and functions to be added  to  and\r\n",
      "       deleted from the environment.  If the value of a parameter in the envi-\r\n",
      "       ronment is modified, the new value becomes  part  of  the  environment,\r\n",
      "       replacing  the  old.  The environment inherited by any executed command\r\n",
      "       consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be  modi-\r\n",
      "       fied  in  the  shell, less any pairs removed by the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt command, plus\r\n",
      "       any additions via the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The environment for any _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or  function  may  be  augmented\r\n",
      "       temporarily  by  prefixing  it with parameter assignments, as described\r\n",
      "       above in P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS.  These assignment statements affect only the envi-\r\n",
      "       ronment seen by that command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the  -\b-k\bk option is set (see the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command below), then _\ba_\bl_\bl\r\n",
      "       parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command,  not\r\n",
      "       just those that precede the command name.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  invokes  an  external command, the variable _\b_ is set to the\r\n",
      "       full filename of the command and passed to that command in its environ-\r\n",
      "       ment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT S\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS\r\n",
      "       The  exit  status  of  an executed command is the value returned by the\r\n",
      "       _\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\bp_\bi_\bd system call or equivalent function.  Exit statuses fall between\r\n",
      "       0  and  255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above\r\n",
      "       125 specially.  Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands\r\n",
      "       are  also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell\r\n",
      "       will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status\r\n",
      "       has  succeeded.   An exit status of zero indicates success.  A non-zero\r\n",
      "       exit status indicates failure.  When a command terminates  on  a  fatal\r\n",
      "       signal _\bN, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of 128+_\bN as the exit status.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  a  command  is  not  found, the child process created to execute it\r\n",
      "       returns a status of 127.  If a command is found but is not  executable,\r\n",
      "       the return status is 126.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,\r\n",
      "       the exit status is greater than zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if  successful,  and\r\n",
      "       non-zero  (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be)  if an error occurs while they execute.  All builtins\r\n",
      "       return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit  status  of  the  last  command  executed,\r\n",
      "       unless  a  syntax  error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero\r\n",
      "       value.  See also the e\bex\bxi\bit\bt builtin command below.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSI\bIG\bGN\bNA\bAL\bLS\bS\r\n",
      "       When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the  absence  of  any  traps,  it  ignores\r\n",
      "       S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM (so that k\bki\bil\bll\bl 0\b0 does not kill an interactive shell), and S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "       is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible).   In\r\n",
      "       all  cases,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  ignores  S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT.  If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Non-builtin commands run by b\bba\bas\bsh\bh have signal handlers set to the values\r\n",
      "       inherited  by  the  shell  from its parent.  When job control is not in\r\n",
      "       effect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition  to\r\n",
      "       these  inherited handlers.  Commands run as a result of command substi-\r\n",
      "       tution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bT-\b-\r\n",
      "       T\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  shell  exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP.  Before exiting,\r\n",
      "       an interactive shell  resends  the  S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP  to  all  jobs,  running  or\r\n",
      "       stopped.  Stopped jobs are sent S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT to ensure that they receive the\r\n",
      "       S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP.  To prevent the shell from sending the signal to  a  particular\r\n",
      "       job,  it  should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin\r\n",
      "       (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or  marked  to  not  receive  S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP\r\n",
      "       using d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn -\b-h\bh.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the  h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt  shell  option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a\r\n",
      "       S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal  for\r\n",
      "       which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until the com-\r\n",
      "       mand completes.  When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous  command  via\r\n",
      "       the  w\bwa\bai\bit\bt  builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been\r\n",
      "       set will cause the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin to return immediately with an exit sta-\r\n",
      "       tus greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL\r\n",
      "       _\bJ_\bo_\bb  _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl  refers  to  the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the\r\n",
      "       execution of processes and continue (_\br_\be_\bs_\bu_\bm_\be) their execution at a later\r\n",
      "       point.   A  user  typically  employs  this  facility via an interactive\r\n",
      "       interface supplied jointly by the operating  system  kernel's  terminal\r\n",
      "       driver and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  shell  associates  a  _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline.  It keeps a table of\r\n",
      "       currently executing jobs, which may be listed with  the  j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs  command.\r\n",
      "       When  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a\r\n",
      "       line that looks like:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              [1] 25647\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of the\r\n",
      "       last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647.  All of\r\n",
      "       the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same  job.   B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       uses the _\bj_\bo_\bb abstraction as the basis for job control.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       To  facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,\r\n",
      "       the operating system maintains the notion of a _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bt_\be_\br_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs\r\n",
      "       _\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bI_\bD.  Members of this process group (processes whose process group\r\n",
      "       ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID) receive keyboard-\r\n",
      "       generated  signals  such  as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT.  These processes are said to be in\r\n",
      "       the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd.  _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group  ID\r\n",
      "       differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-gen-\r\n",
      "       erated signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or,\r\n",
      "       if  the  user  so  specifies  with  stty tostop, write to the terminal.\r\n",
      "       Background processes which attempt to read from  (write  to  when  stty\r\n",
      "       tostop  is  in effect) the terminal are sent a S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN (\b(S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU)\b) signal\r\n",
      "       by the kernel's terminal driver, which,  unless  caught,  suspends  the\r\n",
      "       process.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If  the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bas\bsh\bh contains facilities to use it.  Typing the _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd character (typ-\r\n",
      "       ically ^\b^Z\bZ, Control-Z) while a process is running causes that process to\r\n",
      "       be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.   Typing  the  _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd  _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "       character  (typically  ^\b^Y\bY,  Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped\r\n",
      "       when it attempts to read input from the terminal,  and  control  to  be\r\n",
      "       returned  to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.  The user may then manipulate the state of this job,\r\n",
      "       using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the  f\bfg\bg  command\r\n",
      "       to continue it in the foreground, or the k\bki\bil\bll\bl command to kill it.  A ^\b^Z\bZ\r\n",
      "       takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of causing\r\n",
      "       pending output and typeahead to be discarded.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell.  The charac-\r\n",
      "       ter %\b% introduces a job specification (_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc).  Job number  _\bn  may  be\r\n",
      "       referred to as %\b%n\bn.  A job may also be referred to using a prefix of the\r\n",
      "       name used to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command\r\n",
      "       line.   For  example,  %\b%c\bce\be  refers  to  a  stopped c\bce\be job.  If a prefix\r\n",
      "       matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error.  Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be,  on  the\r\n",
      "       other  hand,  refers to any job containing the string c\bce\be in its command\r\n",
      "       line.  If the substring matches more than  one  job,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  reports  an\r\n",
      "       error.   The  symbols %\b%%\b% and %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last job stopped while it was in the  foreground\r\n",
      "       or started in the background.  The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may be referenced using\r\n",
      "       %\b%-\b-.  If there is only a single job, %\b%+\b+ and %\b%-\b- can both be used to refer\r\n",
      "       to  that  job.   In  output pertaining to jobs (e.g., the output of the\r\n",
      "       j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command), the current job is always flagged with a +\b+, and the pre-\r\n",
      "       vious  job  with  a -\b-.  A single % (with no accompanying job specifica-\r\n",
      "       tion) also refers to the current job.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1  is\r\n",
      "       a  synonym  for  `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the\r\n",
      "       foreground.  Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b'  resumes  job  1  in  the  background,\r\n",
      "       equivalent to `\b``\b`b\bbg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b'.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  shell  learns immediately whenever a job changes state.  Normally,\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bas\bsh\bh waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting changes\r\n",
      "       in  a  job's status so as to not interrupt any other output.  If the -\b-b\bb\r\n",
      "       option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports such changes\r\n",
      "       immediately.   Any  trap  on  S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD  is  executed for each child that\r\n",
      "       exits.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or,  if  the\r\n",
      "       c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs  shell  option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-\r\n",
      "       ning), the shell prints a warning message, and, if the c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs option\r\n",
      "       is  enabled,  lists  the jobs and their statuses.  The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may\r\n",
      "       then be used to inspect their status.  If a second attempt to  exit  is\r\n",
      "       made  without  an intervening command, the shell does not print another\r\n",
      "       warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG\r\n",
      "       When executing interactively, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays the primary prompt P\bPS\bS1\b1 when\r\n",
      "       it  is  ready  to  read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it\r\n",
      "       needs more input to complete  a  command.   B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  allows  these  prompt\r\n",
      "       strings  to  be  customized  by inserting a number of backslash-escaped\r\n",
      "       special characters that are decoded as follows:\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\a\ba     an ASCII bell character (07)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\d\bd     the date in \"Weekday Month Date\" format (e.g.,  \"Tue  May\r\n",
      "                     26\")\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\D\bD{\b{_\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt}\b}\r\n",
      "                     the  _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt  is  passed  to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is\r\n",
      "                     inserted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt  results\r\n",
      "                     in a locale-specific time representation.  The braces are\r\n",
      "                     required\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\e\be     an ASCII escape character (033)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\h\bh     the hostname up to the first `.'\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\H\bH     the hostname\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\j\bj     the number of jobs currently managed by the shell\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\l\bl     the basename of the shell's terminal device name\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\n\bn     newline\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\r\br     carriage return\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\s\bs     the name of the shell, the basename of  $\b$0\b0  (the  portion\r\n",
      "                     following the final slash)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\t\bt     the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\T\bT     the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\@\b@     the current time in 12-hour am/pm format\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\A\bA     the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\u\bu     the username of the current user\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\v\bv     the version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh (e.g., 2.00)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\V\bV     the release of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\w\bw     the  current  working  directory,  with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated\r\n",
      "                     with a tilde (uses the value of the P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bT_\b_D\bDI\bIR\bRT\bTR\bRI\bIM\bM  vari-\r\n",
      "                     able)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\W\bW     the basename of the current working directory, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE\r\n",
      "                     abbreviated with a tilde\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\!\b!     the history number of this command\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\#\b#     the command number of this command\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\$\b$     if the effective UID is 0, a #\b#, otherwise a $\b$\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\_\bn_\bn_\bn   the character corresponding to the octal number _\bn_\bn_\bn\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\\\b\\     a backslash\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\[\b[     begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which  could\r\n",
      "                     be  used  to  embed  a terminal control sequence into the\r\n",
      "                     prompt\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\]\b]     end a sequence of non-printing characters\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The command number and the history number are  usually  different:  the\r\n",
      "       history  number of a command is its position in the history list, which\r\n",
      "       may include commands  restored  from  the  history  file  (see  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY\r\n",
      "       below),  while  the  command  number is the position in the sequence of\r\n",
      "       commands executed during the current shell session.  After  the  string\r\n",
      "       is  decoded,  it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-\r\n",
      "       tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value  of\r\n",
      "       the  p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs  shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command\r\n",
      "       under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE\r\n",
      "       This is the library that handles reading input when using  an  interac-\r\n",
      "       tive shell, unless the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option is given at shell invocation.\r\n",
      "       Line editing is also used when using the -\b-e\be option to the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin.\r\n",
      "       By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.  A\r\n",
      "       vi-style line editing interface is also available.  Line editing can be\r\n",
      "       enabled  at  any  time  using  the -\b-o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or -\b-o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "       builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  To turn off  line  editing\r\n",
      "       after  the  shell  is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bet\bt builtin.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be N\bNo\bot\bta\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes.\r\n",
      "       Control  keys  are  denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N.  Simi-\r\n",
      "       larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X.   (On  key-\r\n",
      "       boards  without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key\r\n",
      "       then the _\bx key.  This makes ESC the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx.  The combination M-C-_\bx\r\n",
      "       means  ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key\r\n",
      "       while pressing the _\bx key.)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Readline commands may be given numeric _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, which normally act as\r\n",
      "       a  repeat  count.   Sometimes,  however, it is the sign of the argument\r\n",
      "       that is significant.  Passing a negative argument  to  a  command  that\r\n",
      "       acts  in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to\r\n",
      "       act in a backward direction.  Commands whose  behavior  with  arguments\r\n",
      "       deviates from this are noted below.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When  a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved\r\n",
      "       for possible future retrieval (_\by_\ba_\bn_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg).  The killed text is saved in a\r\n",
      "       _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl _\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  Consecutive kills cause the text to be accumulated into one\r\n",
      "       unit, which can be yanked all at once.  Commands which do not kill text\r\n",
      "       separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be I\bIn\bni\bit\bti\bia\bal\bli\biz\bza\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       Readline  is  customized  by putting commands in an initialization file\r\n",
      "       (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file).  The name of this file is taken from the  value  of\r\n",
      "       the  I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC  variable.   If  that  variable  is  unset, the default is\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc.  When a program which uses the readline library starts  up,\r\n",
      "       the initialization file is read, and the key bindings and variables are\r\n",
      "       set.  There are only a few basic constructs  allowed  in  the  readline\r\n",
      "       initialization  file.  Blank lines are ignored.  Lines beginning with a\r\n",
      "       #\b# are comments.  Lines beginning with a  $\b$  indicate  conditional  con-\r\n",
      "       structs.  Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  default  key-bindings  may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.  Other\r\n",
      "       programs that use this library may add their own commands and bindings.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       For example, placing\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              M-Control-u: universal-argument\r\n",
      "       or\r\n",
      "              C-Meta-u: universal-argument\r\n",
      "       into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command  _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\ba_\bl_\b-_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  following  symbolic  character  names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,\r\n",
      "       _\bE_\bS_\bC, _\bL_\bF_\bD, _\bN_\bE_\bW_\bL_\bI_\bN_\bE, _\bR_\bE_\bT, _\bR_\bE_\bT_\bU_\bR_\bN, _\bS_\bP_\bC, _\bS_\bP_\bA_\bC_\bE, and _\bT_\bA_\bB.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In addition to command names, readline allows keys to  be  bound  to  a\r\n",
      "       string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be K\bKe\bey\by B\bBi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bgs\bs\r\n",
      "       The  syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.\r\n",
      "       All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a  macro\r\n",
      "       and  a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-\r\n",
      "       fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _\bM_\be_\bt_\ba_\b- or\r\n",
      "       _\bC_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl_\b- prefixes, or as a key sequence.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When using the form k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, _\bk_\be_\by_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is the name\r\n",
      "       of a key spelled out in English.  For example:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Control-u: universal-argument\r\n",
      "              Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word\r\n",
      "              Control-o: \"> output\"\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function  u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,\r\n",
      "       _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL  is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to\r\n",
      "       run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert  the\r\n",
      "       text ``> output'' into the line).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In  the  second  form,  \"\b\"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq\"\b\":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs\r\n",
      "       from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence  may\r\n",
      "       be  specified  by  placing the sequence within double quotes.  Some GNU\r\n",
      "       Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following  example,  but\r\n",
      "       the symbolic character names are not recognized.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              \"\\C-u\": universal-argument\r\n",
      "              \"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file\r\n",
      "              \"\\e[11~\": \"Function Key 1\"\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In this example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is again bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt.\r\n",
      "       _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~  is\r\n",
      "       bound to insert the text ``Function Key 1''.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\C\bC-\b-    control prefix\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\M\bM-\b-    meta prefix\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\e\be     an escape character\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\\\b\\     backslash\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\"\b\"     literal \"\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\'\b'     literal '\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       In  addition  to  the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of\r\n",
      "       backslash escapes is available:\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\a\ba     alert (bell)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\b\bb     backspace\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\d\bd     delete\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\f\bf     form feed\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\n\bn     newline\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\r\br     carriage return\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\t\bt     horizontal tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\v\bv     vertical tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\_\bn_\bn_\bn   the eight-bit character whose value is  the  octal  value\r\n",
      "                     _\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\x\bx_\bH_\bH   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the hexadecimal\r\n",
      "                     value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must be used\r\n",
      "       to indicate a macro definition.  Unquoted text is assumed to be a func-\r\n",
      "       tion name.  In the macro body, the backslash  escapes  described  above\r\n",
      "       are  expanded.   Backslash  will quote any other character in the macro\r\n",
      "       text, including \" and '.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or  modi-\r\n",
      "       fied  with  the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command.  The editing mode may be switched\r\n",
      "       during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt  builtin  com-\r\n",
      "       mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs\r\n",
      "       Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its behav-\r\n",
      "       ior.  A variable may be set in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file with a statement of the\r\n",
      "       form\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              s\bse\bet\bt _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Except  where  noted,  readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf\r\n",
      "       (without regard to case).  Unrecognized  variable  names  are  ignored.\r\n",
      "       When  a variable value is read, empty or null values, \"on\" (case-insen-\r\n",
      "       sitive), and \"1\" are equivalent to O\bOn\bn.  All other values are equivalent\r\n",
      "       to O\bOf\bff\bf.  The variables and their default values are:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be (\b(a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be)\b)\r\n",
      "              Controls  what  happens when readline wants to ring the terminal\r\n",
      "              bell.  If set to n\bno\bon\bne\be, readline never rings the bell.  If set to\r\n",
      "              v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be,  readline  uses a visible bell if one is available.  If\r\n",
      "              set to a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd-\b-t\btt\bty\by-\b-s\bsp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the  control  characters\r\n",
      "              treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read-\r\n",
      "              line equivalents.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bol\blo\bor\bre\bed\bd-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline displays possible completions using  dif-\r\n",
      "              ferent  colors  to  indicate their file type.  The color defini-\r\n",
      "              tions are taken from the  value  of  the  L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS  environment\r\n",
      "              variable.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn (\b(`\b``\b`#\b#'\b''\b')\b)\r\n",
      "              The  string  that  is  inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt\r\n",
      "              command is executed.  This command is bound to M\bM-\b-#\b# in emacs mode\r\n",
      "              and to #\b# in vi command mode.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline performs filename matching and completion\r\n",
      "              in a case-insensitive fashion.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-l\ble\ben\bng\bgt\bth\bh (\b(0\b0)\b)\r\n",
      "              The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of  pos-\r\n",
      "              sible  completions that is displayed without modification.  When\r\n",
      "              set to a value greater than zero, common  prefixes  longer  than\r\n",
      "              this  value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi-\r\n",
      "              ble completions.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-q\bqu\bue\ber\bry\by-\b-i\bit\bte\bem\bms\bs (\b(1\b10\b00\b0)\b)\r\n",
      "              This determines when the user is queried about viewing the  num-\r\n",
      "              ber  of  possible  completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-\r\n",
      "              t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command.  It may be set to any integer value greater  than\r\n",
      "              or  equal  to  zero.   If  the number of possible completions is\r\n",
      "              greater than or equal to the value of this variable, the user is\r\n",
      "              asked  whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are\r\n",
      "              simply listed on the terminal.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bon\bnv\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with  the  eighth\r\n",
      "              bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and\r\n",
      "              prefixing an escape character (in effect, using  escape  as  the\r\n",
      "              _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx).\r\n",
      "       d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will inhibit word completion.  Completion\r\n",
      "              characters will be inserted into the line as if  they  had  been\r\n",
      "              mapped to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt.\r\n",
      "       e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)\r\n",
      "              Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings sim-\r\n",
      "              ilar to _\bE_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs or _\bv_\bi.  e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be can be set to either e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or\r\n",
      "              v\bvi\bi.\r\n",
      "       e\bec\bch\bho\bo-\b-c\bco\bon\bnt\btr\bro\bol\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              When  set to O\bOn\bn, on operating systems that indicate they support\r\n",
      "              it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal gener-\r\n",
      "              ated from the keyboard.\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-k\bke\bey\byp\bpa\bad\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              When set to O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable the application key-\r\n",
      "              pad when it is called.  Some systems need  this  to  enable  the\r\n",
      "              arrow keys.\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-k\bke\bey\by (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              When  set  to  O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable any meta modifier\r\n",
      "              key the terminal claims to support when it is called.   On  many\r\n",
      "              terminals, the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set  to  O\bOn\bn,  tilde  expansion  is  performed  when readline\r\n",
      "              attempts word completion.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bes\bse\ber\brv\bve\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, the history code attempts to place  point  at  the\r\n",
      "              same  location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-\r\n",
      "              t\bto\bor\bry\by or n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bsi\biz\bze\be (\b(0\b0)\b)\r\n",
      "              Set the maximum number of history entries saved in  the  history\r\n",
      "              list.   If set to zero, any existing history entries are deleted\r\n",
      "              and no new entries are saved.  If set to a value less than zero,\r\n",
      "              the  number  of history entries is not limited.  By default, the\r\n",
      "              number of history entries is not limited.\r\n",
      "       h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bro\bol\bll\bl-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single  line  for  display,\r\n",
      "              scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it\r\n",
      "              becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping  to  a\r\n",
      "              new line.\r\n",
      "       i\bin\bnp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it\r\n",
      "              will not strip the high  bit  from  the  characters  it  reads),\r\n",
      "              regardless of what the terminal claims it can support.  The name\r\n",
      "              m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg is a synonym for this variable.\r\n",
      "       i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs (\b(`\b``\b`C\bC-\b-[\b[C\bC-\b-J\bJ'\b''\b')\b)\r\n",
      "              The string of characters that should  terminate  an  incremental\r\n",
      "              search  without  subsequently  executing the character as a com-\r\n",
      "              mand.  If this variable has not been given a value, the  charac-\r\n",
      "              ters _\bE_\bS_\bC and _\bC_\b-_\bJ will terminate an incremental search.\r\n",
      "       k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)\r\n",
      "              Set  the current readline keymap.  The set of valid keymap names\r\n",
      "              is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b,  _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b,  _\bv_\bi_\b,  _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,  and  _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt.  _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is\r\n",
      "              equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd.  The default value is  _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs;  the\r\n",
      "              value of e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be also affects the default keymap.\r\n",
      "       k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq-\b-t\bti\bim\bme\beo\bou\but\bt (\b(5\b50\b00\b0)\b)\r\n",
      "              Specifies  the  duration _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait for a character when\r\n",
      "              reading an ambiguous key sequence (one that can form a  complete\r\n",
      "              key sequence using the input read so far, or can take additional\r\n",
      "              input to complete a  longer  key  sequence).   If  no  input  is\r\n",
      "              received  within  the timeout, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will use the shorter but\r\n",
      "              complete key sequence.  The value is specified in  milliseconds,\r\n",
      "              so  a value of 1000 means that _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait one second for\r\n",
      "              additional input.  If this variable is set to a value less  than\r\n",
      "              or  equal to zero, or to a non-numeric value, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait\r\n",
      "              until another key is pressed to decide  which  key  sequence  to\r\n",
      "              complete.\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, completed directory names have a slash appended.\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-m\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set  to  O\bOn\bn,  history lines that have been modified are dis-\r\n",
      "              played with a preceding asterisk (*\b*).\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, completed names which are symbolic links to direc-\r\n",
      "              tories   have   a  slash  appended  (subject  to  the  value  of\r\n",
      "              m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs).\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bid\bdd\bde\ben\bn-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline  to  match  files\r\n",
      "              whose  names  begin  with  a  `.' (hidden files) when performing\r\n",
      "              filename completion.  If set to O\bOf\bff\bf, the  leading  `.'  must  be\r\n",
      "              supplied by the user in the filename to be completed.\r\n",
      "       m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set to O\bOn\bn, menu completion displays the common prefix of the\r\n",
      "              list of possible completions (which may be empty) before cycling\r\n",
      "              through the list.\r\n",
      "       o\bou\but\btp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set  to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth\r\n",
      "              bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence.\r\n",
      "       p\bpa\bag\bge\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to  dis-\r\n",
      "              play a screenful of possible completions at a time.\r\n",
      "       p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bll\bly\by (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set  to  O\bOn\bn,  readline will display completions with matches\r\n",
      "              sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down  the\r\n",
      "              screen.\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-a\bat\bt-\b-n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set  to  O\bOn\bn, readline will undo all changes to history lines\r\n",
      "              before returning when a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be is executed.  By default, his-\r\n",
      "              tory  lines  may  be  modified  and retain individual undo lists\r\n",
      "              across calls to r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              This alters the default behavior of  the  completion  functions.\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, words which have more than one possible completion\r\n",
      "              cause the matches to be listed immediately  instead  of  ringing\r\n",
      "              the bell.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-u\bun\bnm\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              This  alters the default behavior of the completion functions in\r\n",
      "              a fashion similar to s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs.  If set to O\bOn\bn, words\r\n",
      "              which  have more than one possible completion without any possi-\r\n",
      "              ble partial completion (the possible completions don't  share  a\r\n",
      "              common  prefix)  cause  the  matches  to  be  listed immediately\r\n",
      "              instead of ringing the bell.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be-\b-i\bin\bn-\b-p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, add a character to the  beginning  of  the  prompt\r\n",
      "              indicating  the  editing  mode:  emacs (@), vi command (:) or vi\r\n",
      "              insertion (+).\r\n",
      "       s\bsk\bki\bip\bp-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\bed\bd-\b-t\bte\bex\bxt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If set to O\bOn\bn, this alters the default completion  behavior  when\r\n",
      "              inserting  a  single match into the line.  It's only active when\r\n",
      "              performing completion in the middle  of  a  word.   If  enabled,\r\n",
      "              readline  does  not  insert  characters from the completion that\r\n",
      "              match characters after point in the  word  being  completed,  so\r\n",
      "              portions of the word following the cursor are not duplicated.\r\n",
      "       v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              If  set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing  possible  com-\r\n",
      "              pletions.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bon\bnd\bdi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl C\bCo\bon\bns\bst\btr\bru\buc\bct\bts\bs\r\n",
      "       Readline  implements  a  facility  similar in spirit to the conditional\r\n",
      "       compilation features of the C preprocessor which  allows  key  bindings\r\n",
      "       and  variable  settings  to be performed as the result of tests.  There\r\n",
      "       are four parser directives used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       $\b$i\bif\bf    The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the  edit-\r\n",
      "              ing  mode,  the  terminal  being  used, or the application using\r\n",
      "              readline.  The text of the test extends to the end of the  line;\r\n",
      "              no characters are required to isolate it.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              m\bmo\bod\bde\be   The  m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b=  form  of  the  $\b$i\bif\bf  directive is used to test\r\n",
      "                     whether readline is in emacs or vi  mode.   This  may  be\r\n",
      "                     used  in  conjunction  with  the  s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for\r\n",
      "                     instance, to  set  bindings  in  the  _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd  and\r\n",
      "                     _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx  keymaps  only  if readline is starting out in\r\n",
      "                     emacs mode.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              t\bte\ber\brm\bm   The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to  include  terminal-specific\r\n",
      "                     key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by\r\n",
      "                     the terminal's function keys.  The word on the right side\r\n",
      "                     of the =\b= is tested against the both full name of the ter-\r\n",
      "                     minal and the portion of the  terminal  name  before  the\r\n",
      "                     first  -\b-.  This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,\r\n",
      "                     for instance.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "                     The a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn construct is used to include application-\r\n",
      "                     specific  settings.   Each  program  using  the  readline\r\n",
      "                     library sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an  initialization\r\n",
      "                     file can test for a particular value.  This could be used\r\n",
      "                     to bind key sequences to functions useful for a  specific\r\n",
      "                     program.   For instance, the following command adds a key\r\n",
      "                     sequence that quotes the  current  or  previous  word  in\r\n",
      "                     b\bba\bas\bsh\bh:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "                     $\b$i\bif\bf Bash\r\n",
      "                     # Quote the current or previous word\r\n",
      "                     \"\\C-xq\": \"\\eb\\\"\\ef\\\"\"\r\n",
      "                     $\b$e\ben\bnd\bdi\bif\bf\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       $\b$e\ben\bnd\bdi\bif\bf This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an $\b$i\bif\bf\r\n",
      "              command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       $\b$e\bel\bls\bse\be  Commands in this branch of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive are executed if the\r\n",
      "              test fails.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       $\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be\r\n",
      "              This  directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads\r\n",
      "              commands and bindings from that file.  For example, the  follow-\r\n",
      "              ing directive would read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              $\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be  _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   S\bSe\bea\bar\brc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       Readline  provides  commands  for searching through the command history\r\n",
      "       (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below) for lines containing a specified string.  There are\r\n",
      "       two search modes: _\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl and _\bn_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Incremental  searches  begin  before  the  user has finished typing the\r\n",
      "       search string.  As each character of the search string is typed,  read-\r\n",
      "       line displays the next entry from the history matching the string typed\r\n",
      "       so far.  An incremental search requires  only  as  many  characters  as\r\n",
      "       needed  to  find  the desired history entry.  The characters present in\r\n",
      "       the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate  an\r\n",
      "       incremental search.  If that variable has not been assigned a value the\r\n",
      "       Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an  incremental  search.\r\n",
      "       Control-G  will  abort  an  incremental search and restore the original\r\n",
      "       line.  When the search is terminated, the history entry containing  the\r\n",
      "       search string becomes the current line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       To  find  other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or\r\n",
      "       Control-R as appropriate.  This will search backward or forward in  the\r\n",
      "       history  for  the  next  entry matching the search string typed so far.\r\n",
      "       Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will  terminate  the\r\n",
      "       search  and  execute that command.  For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-\r\n",
      "       nate the search and accept the line, thereby executing the command from\r\n",
      "       the history list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Readline remembers the last incremental search string.  If two Control-\r\n",
      "       Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a  new  search\r\n",
      "       string, any remembered search string is used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Non-incremental  searches read the entire search string before starting\r\n",
      "       to search for matching history lines.  The search string may  be  typed\r\n",
      "       by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd N\bNa\bam\bme\bes\bs\r\n",
      "       The  following  is  a list of the names of the commands and the default\r\n",
      "       key sequences to which they are bound.  Command names without an accom-\r\n",
      "       panying key sequence are unbound by default.  In the following descrip-\r\n",
      "       tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers  to\r\n",
      "       a  cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command.  The text between the\r\n",
      "       point and mark is referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-a\ba)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move to the start of the current line.\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-e\be)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move to the end of the line.\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-f\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move forward a character.\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-b\bb)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move back a character.\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-f\bf)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words are composed of\r\n",
      "              alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-b\bb)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move  back  to the start of the current or previous word.  Words\r\n",
      "              are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words  are  delimited\r\n",
      "              by non-quoted shell metacharacters.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Move  back  to the start of the current or previous word.  Words\r\n",
      "              are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.\r\n",
      "       c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-l\bl)\b)\r\n",
      "              Clear the screen leaving the current line  at  the  top  of  the\r\n",
      "              screen.   With  an  argument,  refresh  the current line without\r\n",
      "              clearing the screen.\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bed\bdr\bra\baw\bw-\b-c\bcu\bur\brr\bre\ben\bnt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "              Refresh the current line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMa\ban\bni\bip\bpu\bul\bla\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg t\bth\bhe\be H\bHi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by\r\n",
      "       a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(N\bNe\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be,\b, R\bRe\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is.  If this line\r\n",
      "              is  non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state\r\n",
      "              of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable.  If the line is a modified  history\r\n",
      "              line, then restore the history line to its original state.\r\n",
      "       p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-p\bp)\b)\r\n",
      "              Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in\r\n",
      "              the list.\r\n",
      "       n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-n\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward  in\r\n",
      "              the list.\r\n",
      "       b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-<\b<)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move to the first line in the history.\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b->\b>)\b)\r\n",
      "              Move  to  the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently\r\n",
      "              being entered.\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)\r\n",
      "              Search backward starting at the current  line  and  moving  `up'\r\n",
      "              through  the  history  as  necessary.   This  is  an incremental\r\n",
      "              search.\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-s\bs)\b)\r\n",
      "              Search forward starting at the current line  and  moving  `down'\r\n",
      "              through  the  history  as  necessary.   This  is  an incremental\r\n",
      "              search.\r\n",
      "       n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-p\bp)\b)\r\n",
      "              Search backward through the history starting at the current line\r\n",
      "              using  a  non-incremental  search  for  a string supplied by the\r\n",
      "              user.\r\n",
      "       n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-n\bn)\b)\r\n",
      "              Search forward  through  the  history  using  a  non-incremental\r\n",
      "              search for a string supplied by the user.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Search  forward through the history for the string of characters\r\n",
      "              between the start of the current line and the point.  This is  a\r\n",
      "              non-incremental search.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Search backward through the history for the string of characters\r\n",
      "              between the start of the current line and the point.  This is  a\r\n",
      "              non-incremental search.\r\n",
      "       y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)\r\n",
      "              Insert  the  first argument to the previous command (usually the\r\n",
      "              second word on the previous line) at point.  With an argument _\bn,\r\n",
      "              insert  the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the\r\n",
      "              previous command  begin  with  word  0).   A  negative  argument\r\n",
      "              inserts the _\bnth word from the end of the previous command.  Once\r\n",
      "              the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if  the\r\n",
      "              \"!_\bn\" history expansion had been specified.\r\n",
      "       y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)\r\n",
      "              Insert  the last argument to the previous command (the last word\r\n",
      "              of the previous history entry).  With a numeric argument, behave\r\n",
      "              exactly  like  y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg.   Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg\r\n",
      "              move back through the history list, inserting the last word  (or\r\n",
      "              the  word  specified  by the argument to the first call) of each\r\n",
      "              line in turn.  Any numeric argument supplied to these successive\r\n",
      "              calls  determines  the direction to move through the history.  A\r\n",
      "              negative argument switches the  direction  through  the  history\r\n",
      "              (back or forward).  The history expansion facilities are used to\r\n",
      "              extract the last word, as if the \"!$\" history expansion had been\r\n",
      "              specified.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-e\be)\b)\r\n",
      "              Expand the line as the shell does.  This performs alias and his-\r\n",
      "              tory expansion as well as all of the shell word expansions.  See\r\n",
      "              H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-^\b^)\b)\r\n",
      "              Perform  history  expansion  on  the  current line.  See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY\r\n",
      "              E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bag\bgi\bic\bc-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be\r\n",
      "              Perform history expansion on  the  current  line  and  insert  a\r\n",
      "              space.  See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history\r\n",
      "              expansion.\r\n",
      "       a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "              Perform alias expansion on the current line.  See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS  above\r\n",
      "              for a description of alias expansion.\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "              Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.\r\n",
      "       i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)\r\n",
      "              A synonym for y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg.\r\n",
      "       o\bop\bpe\ber\bra\bat\bte\be-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-g\bge\bet\bt-\b-n\bne\bex\bxt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-o\bo)\b)\r\n",
      "              Accept  the  current  line for execution and fetch the next line\r\n",
      "              relative to the current line from the history for editing.   Any\r\n",
      "              argument is ignored.\r\n",
      "       e\bed\bdi\bit\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-e\bex\bxe\bec\bcu\but\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bxC\bC-\b-e\be)\b)\r\n",
      "              Invoke  an  editor  on the current command line, and execute the\r\n",
      "              result as shell commands.   B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh  attempts  to  invoke  $\b$V\bVI\bIS\bSU\bUA\bAL\bL,\r\n",
      "              $\b$E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR, and _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs as the editor, in that order.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br C\bCh\bha\ban\bng\bgi\bin\bng\bg T\bTe\bex\bxt\bt\r\n",
      "       _\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bo_\bf_\b-_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (\b(u\bus\bsu\bua\bal\bll\bly\by C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)\r\n",
      "              The  character  indicating  end-of-file  as set, for example, by\r\n",
      "              ``stty''.  If this character is read when there are  no  charac-\r\n",
      "              ters  on  the  line,  and point is at the beginning of the line,\r\n",
      "              Readline interprets it as the end of input and returns E\bEO\bOF\bF.\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)\r\n",
      "              Delete the character at point.  If this function is bound to the\r\n",
      "              same character as the tty E\bEO\bOF\bF character, as C\bC-\b-d\bd commonly is, see\r\n",
      "              above for the effects.\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Delete the character behind the cursor.  When  given  a  numeric\r\n",
      "              argument, save the deleted text on the kill ring.\r\n",
      "       f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br\r\n",
      "              Delete  the  character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at\r\n",
      "              the end of the line, in which case the character behind the cur-\r\n",
      "              sor is deleted.\r\n",
      "       q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-q\bq,\b, C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)\r\n",
      "              Add  the next character typed to the line verbatim.  This is how\r\n",
      "              to insert characters like C\bC-\b-q\bq, for example.\r\n",
      "       t\bta\bab\bb-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-v\bv T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)\r\n",
      "              Insert a tab character.\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(a\ba,\b, b\bb,\b, A\bA,\b, 1\b1,\b, !\b!,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)\r\n",
      "              Insert the character typed.\r\n",
      "       t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-t\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Drag the character before point forward over  the  character  at\r\n",
      "              point,  moving point forward as well.  If point is at the end of\r\n",
      "              the line, then this transposes the two characters before  point.\r\n",
      "              Negative arguments have no effect.\r\n",
      "       t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bds\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-t\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Drag  the  word  before  point past the word after point, moving\r\n",
      "              point over that word as well.  If point is at  the  end  of  the\r\n",
      "              line, this transposes the last two words on the line.\r\n",
      "       u\bup\bpc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-u\bu)\b)\r\n",
      "              Uppercase  the  current  (or  following)  word.  With a negative\r\n",
      "              argument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.\r\n",
      "       d\bdo\bow\bwn\bnc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-l\bl)\b)\r\n",
      "              Lowercase the current (or  following)  word.   With  a  negative\r\n",
      "              argument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.\r\n",
      "       c\bca\bap\bpi\bit\bta\bal\bli\biz\bze\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-c\bc)\b)\r\n",
      "              Capitalize  the  current  (or  following) word.  With a negative\r\n",
      "              argument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.\r\n",
      "       o\bov\bve\ber\brw\bwr\bri\bit\bte\be-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be\r\n",
      "              Toggle overwrite mode.  With an explicit positive numeric  argu-\r\n",
      "              ment, switches to overwrite mode.  With an explicit non-positive\r\n",
      "              numeric argument, switches to insert mode.  This command affects\r\n",
      "              only  e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently.  Each call\r\n",
      "              to _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b(_\b) starts in insert mode.  In overwrite mode, charac-\r\n",
      "              ters  bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than\r\n",
      "              pushing the text  to  the  right.   Characters  bound  to  b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-\r\n",
      "              w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br  replace  the  character  before  point  with a\r\n",
      "              space.  By default, this command is unbound.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   K\bKi\bil\bll\bli\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd Y\bYa\ban\bnk\bki\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-k\bk)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill the text from point to the end of the line.\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill backward to the beginning of the line.\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsc\bca\bar\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill backward from point to the  beginning  of  the  line.   The\r\n",
      "              killed text is saved on the kill-ring.\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwh\bho\bol\ble\be-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "              Kill  all  characters on the current line, no matter where point\r\n",
      "              is.\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-d\bd)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill from point to the end of the current word,  or  if  between\r\n",
      "              words,  to  the  end  of the next word.  Word boundaries are the\r\n",
      "              same as those used by f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill the word behind point.  Word boundaries  are  the  same  as\r\n",
      "              those used by b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-d\bd)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill  from  point  to the end of the current word, or if between\r\n",
      "              words, to the end of the next word.   Word  boundaries  are  the\r\n",
      "              same as those used by s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill  the  word  behind  point.  Word boundaries are the same as\r\n",
      "              those used by s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-w\bw)\b)\r\n",
      "              Kill the word behind point, using white space as a  word  bound-\r\n",
      "              ary.  The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt\r\n",
      "              Kill  the  word  behind  point,  using white space and the slash\r\n",
      "              character as the word boundaries.  The killed text is  saved  on\r\n",
      "              the kill-ring.\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be (\b(M\bM-\b-\\\b\\)\b)\r\n",
      "              Delete all spaces and tabs around point.\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "              Kill the text in the current region.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-a\bas\bs-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl\r\n",
      "              Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Copy  the word before point to the kill buffer.  The word bound-\r\n",
      "              aries are the same as b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Copy the word following point to  the  kill  buffer.   The  word\r\n",
      "              boundaries are the same as f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.\r\n",
      "       y\bya\ban\bnk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)\r\n",
      "              Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.\r\n",
      "       y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp (\b(M\bM-\b-y\by)\b)\r\n",
      "              Rotate  the kill ring, and yank the new top.  Only works follow-\r\n",
      "              ing y\bya\ban\bnk\bk or y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   N\bNu\bum\bme\ber\bri\bic\bc A\bAr\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "       d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-0\b0,\b, M\bM-\b-1\b1,\b, .\b..\b..\b.,\b, M\bM-\b--\b-)\b)\r\n",
      "              Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start  a\r\n",
      "              new argument.  M-- starts a negative argument.\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt\r\n",
      "              This  is another way to specify an argument.  If this command is\r\n",
      "              followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading  minus\r\n",
      "              sign,  those digits define the argument.  If the command is fol-\r\n",
      "              lowed by digits, executing  u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt  again  ends  the\r\n",
      "              numeric  argument, but is otherwise ignored.  As a special case,\r\n",
      "              if this command is immediately followed by a character  that  is\r\n",
      "              neither  a  digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next\r\n",
      "              command is multiplied by four.  The argument count is  initially\r\n",
      "              one,  so  executing this function the first time makes the argu-\r\n",
      "              ment count four, a second time makes the argument count sixteen,\r\n",
      "              and so on.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be (\b(T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt  to  perform  completion on the text before point.  B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "              attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the text\r\n",
      "              begins  with  $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname\r\n",
      "              (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including  aliases  and\r\n",
      "              functions) in turn.  If none of these produces a match, filename\r\n",
      "              completion is attempted.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-?\b?)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point.\r\n",
      "       i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-*\b*)\b)\r\n",
      "              Insert all completions of the text before point that would  have\r\n",
      "              been generated by p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs.\r\n",
      "       m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be\r\n",
      "              Similar  to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with\r\n",
      "              a single match from the list of possible completions.   Repeated\r\n",
      "              execution  of  m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be  steps through the list of possible\r\n",
      "              completions, inserting each match in turn.  At the  end  of  the\r\n",
      "              list of completions, the bell is rung (subject to the setting of\r\n",
      "              b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be) and the original text is restored.  An argument of _\bn\r\n",
      "              moves  _\bn  positions  forward  in the list of matches; a negative\r\n",
      "              argument may be used to move backward through  the  list.   This\r\n",
      "              command  is  intended  to  be  bound  to  T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by\r\n",
      "              default.\r\n",
      "       m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd\r\n",
      "              Identical to m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but moves backward through the  list\r\n",
      "              of  possible  completions,  as if m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be had been given a\r\n",
      "              negative argument.  This command is unbound by default.\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br-\b-o\bor\br-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt\r\n",
      "              Deletes the character under the cursor if not at  the  beginning\r\n",
      "              or  end  of  the  line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br).  If at the end of the\r\n",
      "              line, behaves identically to p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs.  This command\r\n",
      "              is unbound by default.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-/\b/)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt filename completion on the text before point.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx /\b/)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point, treating\r\n",
      "              it as a filename.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-~\b~)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt completion on the text before point, treating  it  as  a\r\n",
      "              username.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx ~\b~)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point, treating\r\n",
      "              it as a username.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be (\b(M\bM-\b-$\b$)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt completion on the text before point, treating  it  as  a\r\n",
      "              shell variable.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx $\b$)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point, treating\r\n",
      "              it as a shell variable.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-@\b@)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt completion on the text before point, treating  it  as  a\r\n",
      "              hostname.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx @\b@)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point, treating\r\n",
      "              it as a hostname.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-!\b!)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt completion on the text before point, treating  it  as  a\r\n",
      "              command  name.   Command  completion  attempts to match the text\r\n",
      "              against  aliases,  reserved  words,   shell   functions,   shell\r\n",
      "              builtins, and finally executable filenames, in that order.\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx !\b!)\b)\r\n",
      "              List the possible completions of the text before point, treating\r\n",
      "              it as a command name.\r\n",
      "       d\bdy\byn\bna\bam\bmi\bic\bc-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)\r\n",
      "              Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the  text\r\n",
      "              against  lines  from  the  history  list for possible completion\r\n",
      "              matches.\r\n",
      "       d\bda\bab\bbb\bbr\bre\bev\bv-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd\r\n",
      "              Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing  the\r\n",
      "              text against lines from the history list for possible completion\r\n",
      "              matches.\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-i\bin\bnt\bto\bo-\b-b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bes\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-{\b{)\b)\r\n",
      "              Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible com-\r\n",
      "              pletions  enclosed within braces so the list is available to the\r\n",
      "              shell (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   K\bKe\bey\byb\bbo\boa\bar\brd\bd M\bMa\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs\r\n",
      "       s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx (\b()\b)\r\n",
      "              Begin saving the characters  typed  into  the  current  keyboard\r\n",
      "              macro.\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx )\b))\b)\r\n",
      "              Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro\r\n",
      "              and store the definition.\r\n",
      "       c\bca\bal\bll\bl-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx e\be)\b)\r\n",
      "              Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the  char-\r\n",
      "              acters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.\r\n",
      "       p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b()\b)\r\n",
      "              Print  the  last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for\r\n",
      "              the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   M\bMi\bis\bsc\bce\bel\bll\bla\ban\bne\beo\bou\bus\bs\r\n",
      "       r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)\r\n",
      "              Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file,  and  incorporate  any\r\n",
      "              bindings or variable assignments found there.\r\n",
      "       a\bab\bbo\bor\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-g\bg)\b)\r\n",
      "              Abort  the  current editing command and ring the terminal's bell\r\n",
      "              (subject to the setting of b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be).\r\n",
      "       d\bdo\bo-\b-u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\brc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(M\bM-\b-a\ba,\b, M\bM-\b-b\bb,\b, M\bM-\b-_\bx,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)\r\n",
      "              If the metafied character _\bx is lowercase, run the  command  that\r\n",
      "              is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.\r\n",
      "       p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(E\bES\bSC\bC)\b)\r\n",
      "              Metafy the next character typed.  E\bES\bSC\bC f\bf is equivalent to M\bMe\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bf.\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-_\b_,\b, C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)\r\n",
      "              Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-r\br)\b)\r\n",
      "              Undo  all changes made to this line.  This is like executing the\r\n",
      "              u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return  the  line  to  its  initial\r\n",
      "              state.\r\n",
      "       t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-&\b&)\b)\r\n",
      "              Perform tilde expansion on the current word.\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-@\b@,\b, M\bM-\b-<\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>)\b)\r\n",
      "              Set  the  mark to the point.  If a numeric argument is supplied,\r\n",
      "              the mark is set to that position.\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxc\bch\bha\ban\bng\bge\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-x\bx)\b)\r\n",
      "              Swap the point with the mark.  The current  cursor  position  is\r\n",
      "              set  to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved\r\n",
      "              as the mark.\r\n",
      "       c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh (\b(C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)\r\n",
      "              A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of\r\n",
      "              that  character.   A negative count searches for previous occur-\r\n",
      "              rences.\r\n",
      "       c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)\r\n",
      "              A character is read and point is moved to  the  previous  occur-\r\n",
      "              rence  of  that character.  A negative count searches for subse-\r\n",
      "              quent occurrences.\r\n",
      "       s\bsk\bki\bip\bp-\b-c\bcs\bsi\bi-\b-s\bse\beq\bqu\bue\ben\bnc\bce\be\r\n",
      "              Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence  such  as\r\n",
      "              those  defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin\r\n",
      "              with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[.  If this\r\n",
      "              sequence  is  bound  to \"\\[\", keys producing such sequences will\r\n",
      "              have no effect unless explicitly bound to  a  readline  command,\r\n",
      "              instead  of  inserting stray characters into the editing buffer.\r\n",
      "              This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[.\r\n",
      "       i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-#\b#)\b)\r\n",
      "              Without a numeric argument,  the  value  of  the  readline  c\bco\bom\bm-\b-\r\n",
      "              m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn  variable is inserted at the beginning of the current\r\n",
      "              line.  If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a\r\n",
      "              toggle:   if  the characters at the beginning of the line do not\r\n",
      "              match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted,  other-\r\n",
      "              wise the characters in c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn are deleted from the begin-\r\n",
      "              ning of the line.  In either case, the line is accepted as if  a\r\n",
      "              newline  had  been  typed.   The  default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn\r\n",
      "              causes this command to make the current line  a  shell  comment.\r\n",
      "              If  a  numeric  argument  causes  the  comment  character  to be\r\n",
      "              removed, the line will be executed by the shell.\r\n",
      "       g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-g\bg)\b)\r\n",
      "              The word before point is  treated  as  a  pattern  for  pathname\r\n",
      "              expansion,  with  an asterisk implicitly appended.  This pattern\r\n",
      "              is used to generate a list of matching  filenames  for  possible\r\n",
      "              completions.\r\n",
      "       g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx *\b*)\b)\r\n",
      "              The  word  before  point  is  treated  as a pattern for pathname\r\n",
      "              expansion, and the  list  of  matching  filenames  is  inserted,\r\n",
      "              replacing  the  word.   If  a  numeric  argument is supplied, an\r\n",
      "              asterisk is appended before pathname expansion.\r\n",
      "       g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx g\bg)\b)\r\n",
      "              The list  of  expansions  that  would  have  been  generated  by\r\n",
      "              g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd  is  displayed,  and the line is redrawn.  If a\r\n",
      "              numeric argument is supplied, an  asterisk  is  appended  before\r\n",
      "              pathname expansion.\r\n",
      "       d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs\r\n",
      "              Print  all  of the functions and their key bindings to the read-\r\n",
      "              line output stream.  If a numeric argument is supplied, the out-\r\n",
      "              put  is  formatted  in such a way that it can be made part of an\r\n",
      "              _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.\r\n",
      "       d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs\r\n",
      "              Print all of the settable readline variables and their values to\r\n",
      "              the  readline output stream.  If a numeric argument is supplied,\r\n",
      "              the output is formatted in such a way that it can be  made  part\r\n",
      "              of an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.\r\n",
      "       d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs\r\n",
      "              Print  all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the\r\n",
      "              strings they output.  If a numeric  argument  is  supplied,  the\r\n",
      "              output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an\r\n",
      "              _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.\r\n",
      "       d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)\r\n",
      "              Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "       When word completion is attempted for an  argument  to  a  command  for\r\n",
      "       which  a  completion  specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using\r\n",
      "       the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below),  the  program-\r\n",
      "       mable completion facilities are invoked.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       First,  the  command  name  is  identified.  If the command word is the\r\n",
      "       empty string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty  line),\r\n",
      "       any  compspec  defined  with  the  -\b-E\bE option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used.  If a\r\n",
      "       compspec has been defined for that command, the  compspec  is  used  to\r\n",
      "       generate the list of possible completions for the word.  If the command\r\n",
      "       word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname  is  searched\r\n",
      "       for  first.   If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt\r\n",
      "       is made to find a compspec for the portion following the  final  slash.\r\n",
      "       If  those  searches  do  not result in a compspec, any compspec defined\r\n",
      "       with the -\b-D\bD option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used as the default.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Once a compspec has been found, it is used  to  generate  the  list  of\r\n",
      "       matching  words.   If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-\r\n",
      "       tion as described above under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg is performed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       First, the actions specified by the compspec are  used.   Only  matches\r\n",
      "       which  are prefixed by the word being completed are returned.  When the\r\n",
      "       -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion,  the\r\n",
      "       shell variable F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is used to filter the matches.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Any  completions  specified  by  a pathname expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG\r\n",
      "       option are generated next.  The words generated by the pattern need not\r\n",
      "       match  the  word being completed.  The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not\r\n",
      "       used to filter the matches, but the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variable is used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is  consid-\r\n",
      "       ered.   The  string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-\r\n",
      "       cial variable as delimiters.  Shell quoting is honored.  Each  word  is\r\n",
      "       then  expanded  using  brace  expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and\r\n",
      "       variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,  as\r\n",
      "       described above under E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN.  The results are split using the rules\r\n",
      "       described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg.  The results of the expansion are\r\n",
      "       prefix-matched against the word being completed, and the matching words\r\n",
      "       become the possible completions.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       After these matches have been generated, any shell function or  command\r\n",
      "       specified  with  the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked.  When the command or\r\n",
      "       function is invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY, and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE\r\n",
      "       variables are assigned values as described above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs.\r\n",
      "       If a shell function is being invoked,  the  C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS  and  C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD\r\n",
      "       variables  are  also set.  When the function or command is invoked, the\r\n",
      "       first argument ($\b$1\b1) is the name of  the  command  whose  arguments  are\r\n",
      "       being  completed, the second argument ($\b$2\b2) is the word being completed,\r\n",
      "       and the third argument ($\b$3\b3) is the word preceding the word  being  com-\r\n",
      "       pleted on the current command line.  No filtering of the generated com-\r\n",
      "       pletions against the word being completed is performed; the function or\r\n",
      "       command has complete freedom in generating the matches.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Any  function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first.  The function may use\r\n",
      "       any of the shell facilities, including the  c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn  builtin  described\r\n",
      "       below,  to  generate the matches.  It must put the possible completions\r\n",
      "       in the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY array variable, one per array element.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in  an  envi-\r\n",
      "       ronment  equivalent to command substitution.  It should print a list of\r\n",
      "       completions, one per line, to the standard output.   Backslash  may  be\r\n",
      "       used to escape a newline, if necessary.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       After  all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-\r\n",
      "       fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list.  The filter is  a  pat-\r\n",
      "       tern  as  used  for  pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced\r\n",
      "       with the text of the word being completed.  A literal &\b& may be  escaped\r\n",
      "       with  a  backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.\r\n",
      "       Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the  list.\r\n",
      "       A leading !\b! negates the pattern; in this case any completion not match-\r\n",
      "       ing the pattern will be removed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Finally, any prefix and suffix specified with the -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options are\r\n",
      "       added to each member of the completion list, and the result is returned\r\n",
      "       to the readline completion code as the list of possible completions.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and  the\r\n",
      "       -\b-o\bo  d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs  option  was  supplied  to  c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was\r\n",
      "       defined, directory name completion is attempted.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be  when  the  compspec\r\n",
      "       was defined, directory name completion is attempted and any matches are\r\n",
      "       added to the results of the other actions.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates  is  returned\r\n",
      "       to  the  completion  code as the full set of possible completions.  The\r\n",
      "       default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions are not attempted, and the readline default of\r\n",
      "       filename completion is disabled.  If the -\b-o\bo b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was sup-\r\n",
      "       plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default  com-\r\n",
      "       pletions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.  If the -\b-o\bo\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was  defined,\r\n",
      "       readline's  default  completion will be performed if the compspec (and,\r\n",
      "       if attempted, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions) generate no matches.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When a compspec indicates that directory name  completion  is  desired,\r\n",
      "       the  programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash\r\n",
      "       to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject  to\r\n",
      "       the  value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the\r\n",
      "       setting of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.   This  is\r\n",
      "       most  useful  when used in combination with a default completion speci-\r\n",
      "       fied with c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-D\bD.  It's possible for shell functions  executed  as\r\n",
      "       completion  handlers  to  indicate that completion should be retried by\r\n",
      "       returning an exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124,  and\r\n",
      "       changes the compspec associated with the command on which completion is\r\n",
      "       being attempted (supplied as the first argument when  the  function  is\r\n",
      "       executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an\r\n",
      "       attempt to find a new compspec for that command.  This allows a set  of\r\n",
      "       completions  to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather\r\n",
      "       than being loaded all at once.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each  kept\r\n",
      "       in  a  file  corresponding  to  the  name of the command, the following\r\n",
      "       default completion function would load completions dynamically:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _completion_loader()\r\n",
      "       {\r\n",
      "            . \"/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh\" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124\r\n",
      "       }\r\n",
      "       complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY\r\n",
      "       When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin  is  enabled,  the  shell\r\n",
      "       provides access to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by, the list of commands previously\r\n",
      "       typed.  The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used  as  the  number  of\r\n",
      "       commands to save in a history list.  The text of the last H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE com-\r\n",
      "       mands (default 500) is saved.  The shell stores  each  command  in  the\r\n",
      "       history  list  prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the  values\r\n",
      "       of the shell variables H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by the vari-\r\n",
      "       able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by).  The file named by  the  value\r\n",
      "       of  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE  is  truncated,  if necessary, to contain no more than the\r\n",
      "       number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE.   If  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE-\b-\r\n",
      "       S\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE  is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value, or a numeric value\r\n",
      "       less than zero, the history file is not truncated.   When  the  history\r\n",
      "       file  is  read, lines beginning with the history comment character fol-\r\n",
      "       lowed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the pre-\r\n",
      "       ceding history line.  These timestamps are optionally displayed depend-\r\n",
      "       ing on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable.   When  a  shell  with\r\n",
      "       history  enabled  exits,  the  last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the\r\n",
      "       history list to $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE.  If the h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd shell option  is  enabled\r\n",
      "       (see  the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the\r\n",
      "       lines are appended to the history file, otherwise the history  file  is\r\n",
      "       overwritten.   If  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE  is  unset,  or  if  the  history  file  is\r\n",
      "       unwritable, the history is not saved.  If the  H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT  variable\r\n",
      "       is  set,  time  stamps are written to the history file, marked with the\r\n",
      "       history comment character, so they may be preserved across  shell  ses-\r\n",
      "       sions.   This  uses  the history comment character to distinguish time-\r\n",
      "       stamps from other history lines.  After saving the history, the history\r\n",
      "       file is truncated to contain no more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines.  If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bT-\b-\r\n",
      "       F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value,  or  a  numeric\r\n",
      "       value less than zero, the history file is not truncated.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The  builtin  command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used\r\n",
      "       to list or edit and re-execute a portion of the history list.  The h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-\r\n",
      "       t\bto\bor\bry\by  builtin  may  be  used  to display or modify the history list and\r\n",
      "       manipulate the history file.  When using command-line  editing,  search\r\n",
      "       commands  are available in each editing mode that provide access to the\r\n",
      "       history list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The shell allows control over which commands are saved on  the  history\r\n",
      "       list.  The H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables may be set to cause the\r\n",
      "       shell to save only a subset of the commands entered.  The c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell\r\n",
      "       option,  if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a\r\n",
      "       multi-line command in the same history entry, adding  semicolons  where\r\n",
      "       necessary  to preserve syntactic correctness.  The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option\r\n",
      "       causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead  of\r\n",
      "       semicolons.  See the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "       B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS  for  information  on  setting  and  unsetting  shell\r\n",
      "       options.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN\r\n",
      "       The  shell  supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the\r\n",
      "       history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh.\b.  This section describes what syntax  features\r\n",
      "       are  available.   This  feature  is  enabled by default for interactive\r\n",
      "       shells, and can be disabled using the +\b+H\bH option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-\r\n",
      "       mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).  Non-interactive shells do not\r\n",
      "       perform history expansion by default.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       History expansions introduce words from the history list into the input\r\n",
      "       stream,  making  it  easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a\r\n",
      "       previous command into the current input line, or fix errors in previous\r\n",
      "       commands quickly.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       History  expansion  is  performed  immediately after a complete line is\r\n",
      "       read, before the shell breaks it into words.  It  takes  place  in  two\r\n",
      "       parts.   The  first is to determine which line from the history list to\r\n",
      "       use during substitution.  The second is to select portions of that line\r\n",
      "       for inclusion into the current one.  The line selected from the history\r\n",
      "       is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of that line that  are  acted  upon  are\r\n",
      "       _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs.   Various  _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs  are  available  to manipulate the selected\r\n",
      "       words.  The line is broken into words in the same fashion as when read-\r\n",
      "       ing  input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by\r\n",
      "       quotes are considered one word.  History expansions are  introduced  by\r\n",
      "       the  appearance  of  the  history  expansion  character,  which is !\b! by\r\n",
      "       default.  Only backslash (\\\b\\) and single quotes can  quote  the  history\r\n",
      "       expansion character.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Several  characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-\r\n",
      "       lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted:  space,\r\n",
      "       tab,  newline,  carriage return, and =\b=.  If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is\r\n",
      "       enabled, (\b( will also inhibit expansion.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may  be  used  to\r\n",
      "       tailor  the  behavior  of  history  expansion.  If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell\r\n",
      "       option is enabled (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below), and\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  is  being  used,  history  substitutions  are not immediately\r\n",
      "       passed to the shell parser.  Instead, the  expanded  line  is  reloaded\r\n",
      "       into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for further modification.  If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "       is being used, and the h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt shell option  is  enabled,  a  failed\r\n",
      "       history  substitution will be reloaded into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer\r\n",
      "       for correction.  The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin  command  may  be\r\n",
      "       used  to  see what a history expansion will do before using it.  The -\b-s\bs\r\n",
      "       option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of\r\n",
      "       the  history  list  without  actually  executing them, so that they are\r\n",
      "       available for subsequent recall.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The shell allows control of the various characters used by the  history\r\n",
      "       expansion mechanism (see the description of h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl\r\n",
      "       V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs).  The shell uses the history comment character to mark  his-\r\n",
      "       tory timestamps when writing the history file.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   E\bEv\bve\ben\bnt\bt D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       An  event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-\r\n",
      "       tory list.  Unless the reference is absolute, events  are  relative  to\r\n",
      "       the current position in the history list.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       !\b!      Start  a  history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,\r\n",
      "              newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell  option\r\n",
      "              is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin).\r\n",
      "       !\b!_\bn     Refer to command line _\bn.\r\n",
      "       !\b!-\b-_\bn    Refer to the current command minus _\bn.\r\n",
      "       !\b!!\b!     Refer to the previous command.  This is a synonym for `!-1'.\r\n",
      "       !\b!_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\r\n",
      "              Refer  to the most recent command preceding the current position\r\n",
      "              in the history list starting with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.\r\n",
      "       !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b]\r\n",
      "              Refer to the most recent command preceding the current  position\r\n",
      "              in  the  history  list containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.  The trailing ?\b? may be\r\n",
      "              omitted if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is followed immediately by a newline.\r\n",
      "       ^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^\b^\r\n",
      "              Quick substitution.   Repeat  the  previous  command,  replacing\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1  with  _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2.  Equivalent to ``!!:s/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1/_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2/''\r\n",
      "              (see M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs below).\r\n",
      "       !\b!#\b#     The entire command line typed so far.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   W\bWo\bor\brd\bd D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.  A  :\b:\r\n",
      "       separates  the event specification from the word designator.  It may be\r\n",
      "       omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or  %\b%.   Words\r\n",
      "       are  numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being\r\n",
      "       denoted by 0 (zero).  Words are inserted into the  current  line  sepa-\r\n",
      "       rated by single spaces.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       0\b0 (\b(z\bze\ber\bro\bo)\b)\r\n",
      "              The zeroth word.  For the shell, this is the command word.\r\n",
      "       _\bn      The _\bnth word.\r\n",
      "       ^\b^      The first argument.  That is, word 1.\r\n",
      "       $\b$      The  last  word.   This  is  usually the last argument, but will\r\n",
      "              expand to the zeroth word if there is only one word in the line.\r\n",
      "       %\b%      The word matched by the most recent `?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg?' search.\r\n",
      "       _\bx-\b-_\by    A range of words; `-_\by' abbreviates `0-_\by'.\r\n",
      "       *\b*      All of the words but the zeroth.  This is a synonym  for  `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.\r\n",
      "              It  is  not  an  error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the\r\n",
      "              event; the empty string is returned in that case.\r\n",
      "       x\bx*\b*     Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$.\r\n",
      "       x\bx-\b-     Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$ like x\bx*\b*, but omits the last word.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       If a word designator is supplied without an  event  specification,  the\r\n",
      "       previous command is used as the event.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "   M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs\r\n",
      "       After  the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one\r\n",
      "       or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       h\bh      Remove a trailing filename component, leaving only the head.\r\n",
      "       t\bt      Remove all leading filename components, leaving the tail.\r\n",
      "       r\br      Remove a trailing suffix of the form _\b._\bx_\bx_\bx, leaving the basename.\r\n",
      "       e\be      Remove all but the trailing suffix.\r\n",
      "       p\bp      Print the new command but do not execute it.\r\n",
      "       q\bq      Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.\r\n",
      "       x\bx      Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into  words  at\r\n",
      "              b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bks\bs and newlines.\r\n",
      "       s\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/\r\n",
      "              Substitute  _\bn_\be_\bw  for  the  first  occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event\r\n",
      "              line.  Any delimiter can be used  in  place  of  /.   The  final\r\n",
      "              delimiter  is  optional if it is the last character of the event\r\n",
      "              line.  The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with a  single\r\n",
      "              backslash.   If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd.  A sin-\r\n",
      "              gle backslash will quote the &.  If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it  is  set  to\r\n",
      "              the  last  _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substitu-\r\n",
      "              tions took place, the last _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg in a !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b]  search.\r\n",
      "       &\b&      Repeat the previous substitution.\r\n",
      "       g\bg      Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line.  This is\r\n",
      "              used  in  conjunction  with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.\r\n",
      "              If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /,  and\r\n",
      "              the  final  delimiter is optional if it is the last character of\r\n",
      "              the event line.  An a\ba may be used as a synonym for g\bg.\r\n",
      "       G\bG      Apply the following `s\bs' modifier once to each word in the  event\r\n",
      "              line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS\r\n",
      "       Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section\r\n",
      "       as accepting options preceded by -\b- accepts -\b--\b- to signify the end of the\r\n",
      "       options.   The  :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt builtins do not accept options\r\n",
      "       and do not treat -\b--\b- specially.  The e\bex\bxi\bit\bt, l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt, b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk, c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be, l\ble\bet\bt,\r\n",
      "       and  s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtins accept and process arguments beginning with -\b- with-\r\n",
      "       out requiring -\b--\b-.  Other builtins that accept  arguments  but  are  not\r\n",
      "       specified  as accepting options interpret arguments beginning with -\b- as\r\n",
      "       invalid options and require -\b--\b- to prevent this interpretation.\r\n",
      "       :\b: [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]\r\n",
      "              No effect; the command does nothing beyond  expanding  _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs\r\n",
      "              and  performing any specified redirections.  A zero exit code is\r\n",
      "              returned.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "        .\b.  _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]\r\n",
      "       s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]\r\n",
      "              Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  in  the  current  shell\r\n",
      "              environment  and return the exit status of the last command exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  does  not  contain  a  slash,\r\n",
      "              filenames  in  P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH  are  used  to find the directory containing\r\n",
      "              _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  The file searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable.\r\n",
      "              When  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  is  not  in  _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx  _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be,  the  current directory is\r\n",
      "              searched if no file is found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH.  If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh  option\r\n",
      "              to  the  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt  builtin  command  is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not\r\n",
      "              searched.  If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the  posi-\r\n",
      "              tional  parameters  when  _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is  executed.  Otherwise the\r\n",
      "              positional parameters are unchanged.  The return status  is  the\r\n",
      "              status  of  the  last  command exited within the script (0 if no\r\n",
      "              commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is  not  found  or\r\n",
      "              cannot be read.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]\r\n",
      "              A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of\r\n",
      "              aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard  output.   When\r\n",
      "              arguments  are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose\r\n",
      "              _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given.  A trailing space in  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word\r\n",
      "              to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.\r\n",
      "              For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be  is  sup-\r\n",
      "              plied,  the  name  and  value  of  the  alias is printed.  A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs\r\n",
      "              returns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has  been\r\n",
      "              defined.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       b\bbg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]\r\n",
      "              Resume  each  suspended  job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it\r\n",
      "              had been started with &\b&.  If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's\r\n",
      "              notion  of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.  b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless\r\n",
      "              run when job control is disabled or, when run with  job  control\r\n",
      "              enabled,  any  specified  _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  was  not found or was started\r\n",
      "              without job control.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] [-\b-l\blp\bps\bsv\bvP\bPS\bSV\bVX\bX]\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] [-\b-q\bq _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-r\br _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq]\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "       b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "              Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind  a  key\r\n",
      "              sequence  to  a  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  function  or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "              variable.  Each non-option argument is a  command  as  it  would\r\n",
      "              appear  in  _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but each binding or command must be passed\r\n",
      "              as a separate argument; e.g.,  '\"\\C-x\\C-r\":  re-read-init-file'.\r\n",
      "              Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp\r\n",
      "                     Use _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent\r\n",
      "                     bindings.  Acceptable _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp names are _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-\r\n",
      "                     _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b,  _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b,  _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b,  _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,\r\n",
      "                     and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt.  _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs  is\r\n",
      "                     equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd.\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl     List the names of all r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be functions.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp     Display  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  function  names and bindings in such a\r\n",
      "                     way that they can be re-read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-P\bP     List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings.\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to  macros  and  the\r\n",
      "                     strings  they  output  in such a way that they can be re-\r\n",
      "                     read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-S\bS     Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to  macros  and  the\r\n",
      "                     strings they output.\r\n",
      "              -\b-v\bv     Display  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way\r\n",
      "                     that they can be re-read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-V\bV     List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values.\r\n",
      "              -\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "                     Read key bindings from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "              -\b-q\bq _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                     Query about which keys invoke the named _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                     Unbind all keys bound to the named _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn.\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq\r\n",
      "                     Remove any current binding for _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq.\r\n",
      "              -\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:\b:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "                     Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be  executed  whenever  _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq  is\r\n",
      "                     entered.   When _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed, the shell sets\r\n",
      "                     the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE variable to the contents of  the  r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-\r\n",
      "                     l\bli\bin\bne\be  line  buffer and the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT variable to the\r\n",
      "                     current location of the insertion point.  If the executed\r\n",
      "                     command  changes  the  value  of  R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE  or R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bD-\b-\r\n",
      "                     L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, those new values will  be  reflected  in  the\r\n",
      "                     editing state.\r\n",
      "              -\b-X\bX     List  all  key  sequences bound to shell commands and the\r\n",
      "                     associated commands in a format that  can  be  reused  as\r\n",
      "                     input.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or\r\n",
      "              an error occurred.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk [_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop.  If  _\bn  is\r\n",
      "              specified,  break  _\bn  levels.   _\bn must be >= 1.  If _\bn is greater\r\n",
      "              than the number of enclosing  loops,  all  enclosing  loops  are\r\n",
      "              exited.   The  return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater than or\r\n",
      "              equal to 1.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]\r\n",
      "              Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it  _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs,  and\r\n",
      "              return its exit status.  This is useful when defining a function\r\n",
      "              whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining  the  func-\r\n",
      "              tionality of the builtin within the function.  The c\bcd\bd builtin is\r\n",
      "              commonly redefined this way.  The  return  status  is  false  if\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn is not a shell builtin command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br [_\be_\bx_\bp_\br]\r\n",
      "              Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell func-\r\n",
      "              tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins).  With-\r\n",
      "              out _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number and source filename of\r\n",
      "              the current subroutine call.  If a non-negative integer is  sup-\r\n",
      "              plied as _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number, subroutine name,\r\n",
      "              and source file corresponding to that position  in  the  current\r\n",
      "              execution  call  stack.  This extra information may be used, for\r\n",
      "              example, to print a stack trace.  The current frame is frame  0.\r\n",
      "              The  return  value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-\r\n",
      "              routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position  in\r\n",
      "              the call stack.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bcd\bd [-\b-L\bL|[-\b-P\bP [-\b-e\be]] [-@]] [_\bd_\bi_\br]\r\n",
      "              Change  the  current  directory to _\bd_\bi_\br.  if _\bd_\bi_\br is not supplied,\r\n",
      "              the value of the H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE shell variable is the default.  Any  addi-\r\n",
      "              tional arguments following _\bd_\bi_\br are ignored.  The variable C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH\r\n",
      "              defines the search path for the directory containing  _\bd_\bi_\br:  each\r\n",
      "              directory  name  in  C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH  is  searched  for _\bd_\bi_\br.  Alternative\r\n",
      "              directory names in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:).  A  null\r\n",
      "              directory  name  in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory,\r\n",
      "              i.e., ``.\b.''.  If _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not\r\n",
      "              used.  The  -\b-P\bP  option  causes  c\bcd\bd to use the physical directory\r\n",
      "              structure by resolving symbolic links while traversing  _\bd_\bi_\br  and\r\n",
      "              before processing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br (see also the -\b-P\bP option\r\n",
      "              to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces symbolic links\r\n",
      "              to  be followed by resolving the link after processing instances\r\n",
      "              of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br.  If _\b._\b. appears in _\bd_\bi_\br, it is processed by removing\r\n",
      "              the  immediately previous pathname component from _\bd_\bi_\br, back to a\r\n",
      "              slash or the beginning of _\bd_\bi_\br.  If the  -\b-e\be  option  is  supplied\r\n",
      "              with  -\b-P\bP,  and  the current working directory cannot be success-\r\n",
      "              fully determined after a successful directory  change,  c\bcd\bd  will\r\n",
      "              return  an unsuccessful status.  On systems that support it, the\r\n",
      "              -\b-@\b@ option presents the extended  attributes  associated  with  a\r\n",
      "              file  as  a directory.  An argument of -\b- is converted to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD\r\n",
      "              before the directory change is attempted.  If a non-empty direc-\r\n",
      "              tory  name  from  C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the first argument,\r\n",
      "              and the directory change is successful, the absolute pathname of\r\n",
      "              the  new  working  directory  is written to the standard output.\r\n",
      "              The return value is  true  if  the  directory  was  successfully\r\n",
      "              changed; false otherwise.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd [-\b-p\bpV\bVv\bv] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "              Run  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd  with  _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs  suppressing  the normal shell function\r\n",
      "              lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH  are\r\n",
      "              executed.   If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is\r\n",
      "              performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is  guaranteed  to\r\n",
      "              find  all  of  the  standard  utilities.  If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv\r\n",
      "              option is supplied, a description of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is printed.  The -\b-v\bv\r\n",
      "              option  causes  a single word indicating the command or filename\r\n",
      "              used to invoke _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be displayed; the -\b-V\bV option produces a\r\n",
      "              more  verbose  description.  If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,\r\n",
      "              the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and  1  if  not.   If\r\n",
      "              neither option is supplied and an error occurred or _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-\r\n",
      "              not be found, the exit status is 127.  Otherwise, the exit  sta-\r\n",
      "              tus of the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin is the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]\r\n",
      "              Generate  possible  completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the\r\n",
      "              _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may  be  any  option  accepted  by  the  c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be\r\n",
      "              builtin  with  the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches\r\n",
      "              to the standard output.  When using the -\b-F\bF or  -\b-C\bC  options,  the\r\n",
      "              various  shell  variables  set  by  the  programmable completion\r\n",
      "              facilities, while available, will not have useful values.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The matches will be generated in the same way as if the program-\r\n",
      "              mable completion code had generated them directly from a comple-\r\n",
      "              tion specification with the same flags.  If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd  is  specified,\r\n",
      "              only those completions matching _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd will be displayed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  return  value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,\r\n",
      "              or no matches were generated.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn]  [-\b-G\bG  _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt] [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd]\r\n",
      "              [-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              Specify  how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed.  If the\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are  supplied,  existing\r\n",
      "              completion  specifications are printed in a way that allows them\r\n",
      "              to be reused as input.  The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-\r\n",
      "              ification  for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-\r\n",
      "              pletion  specifications.   The  -\b-D\bD  option  indicates  that  the\r\n",
      "              remaining  options  and  actions should apply to the ``default''\r\n",
      "              command completion; that is, completion attempted on  a  command\r\n",
      "              for  which  no  completion  has previously been defined.  The -\b-E\bE\r\n",
      "              option indicates that the remaining options and  actions  should\r\n",
      "              apply  to  ``empty''  command  completion;  that  is, completion\r\n",
      "              attempted on a blank line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The process of applying  these  completion  specifications  when\r\n",
      "              word  completion  is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bm-\b-\r\n",
      "              m\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Other options, if specified, have the following  meanings.   The\r\n",
      "              arguments  to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the\r\n",
      "              -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from  expan-\r\n",
      "              sion before the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin is invoked.\r\n",
      "              -\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                      The  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn  controls  several aspects of the comp-\r\n",
      "                      spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of  comple-\r\n",
      "                      tions.  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of:\r\n",
      "                      b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt\r\n",
      "                              Perform the rest of the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions\r\n",
      "                              if the compspec generates no matches.\r\n",
      "                      d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default  filename  completion  if\r\n",
      "                              the compspec generates no matches.\r\n",
      "                      d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs\r\n",
      "                              Perform  directory  name completion if the comp-\r\n",
      "                              spec generates no matches.\r\n",
      "                      f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs\r\n",
      "                              Tell readline that the compspec generates  file-\r\n",
      "                              names,  so  it can perform any filename-specific\r\n",
      "                              processing (like adding  a  slash  to  directory\r\n",
      "                              names,  quoting special characters, or suppress-\r\n",
      "                              ing trailing spaces).  Intended to be used  with\r\n",
      "                              shell functions.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\boq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be Tell  readline  not to quote the completed words\r\n",
      "                              if they are filenames (quoting filenames is  the\r\n",
      "                              default).\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell   readline  not  to  append  a  space  (the\r\n",
      "                              default) to words completed at the  end  of  the\r\n",
      "                              line.\r\n",
      "                      p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs\r\n",
      "                              After  any  matches  defined by the compspec are\r\n",
      "                              generated,   directory   name   completion    is\r\n",
      "                              attempted  and  any  matches  are  added  to the\r\n",
      "                              results of the other actions.\r\n",
      "              -\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                      The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the  following  to  generate  a\r\n",
      "                      list of possible completions:\r\n",
      "                      a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs   Alias names.  May also be specified as -\b-a\ba.\r\n",
      "                      a\bar\brr\bra\bay\byv\bva\bar\br\r\n",
      "                              Array variable names.\r\n",
      "                      b\bbi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key binding names.\r\n",
      "                      b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names  of  shell  builtin commands.  May also be\r\n",
      "                              specified as -\b-b\bb.\r\n",
      "                      c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd Command names.  May also be specified as -\b-c\bc.\r\n",
      "                      d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bry\by\r\n",
      "                              Directory names.  May also be specified as -\b-d\bd.\r\n",
      "                      d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd\r\n",
      "                              Names of disabled shell builtins.\r\n",
      "                      e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd Names of enabled shell builtins.\r\n",
      "                      e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt  Names of exported shell variables.  May also  be\r\n",
      "                              specified as -\b-e\be.\r\n",
      "                      f\bfi\bil\ble\be    File names.  May also be specified as -\b-f\bf.\r\n",
      "                      f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "                              Names of shell functions.\r\n",
      "                      g\bgr\bro\bou\bup\bp   Group names.  May also be specified as -\b-g\bg.\r\n",
      "                      h\bhe\bel\blp\bpt\bto\bop\bpi\bic\bc\r\n",
      "                              Help topics as accepted by the h\bhe\bel\blp\bp builtin.\r\n",
      "                      h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be\r\n",
      "                              Hostnames,  as  taken from the file specified by\r\n",
      "                              the H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE shell variable.\r\n",
      "                      j\bjo\bob\bb     Job names, if job control is active.   May  also\r\n",
      "                              be specified as -\b-j\bj.\r\n",
      "                      k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell  reserved words.  May also be specified as\r\n",
      "                              -\b-k\bk.\r\n",
      "                      r\bru\bun\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg Names of running jobs, if job control is active.\r\n",
      "                      s\bse\ber\brv\bvi\bic\bce\be Service names.  May also be specified as -\b-s\bs.\r\n",
      "                      s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt  Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo  option  to  the  s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "                              builtin.\r\n",
      "                      s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt   Shell  option  names  as  accepted  by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt\r\n",
      "                              builtin.\r\n",
      "                      s\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bal\bl  Signal names.\r\n",
      "                      s\bst\bto\bop\bpp\bpe\bed\bd Names of stopped jobs, if job control is active.\r\n",
      "                      u\bus\bse\ber\br    User names.  May also be specified as -\b-u\bu.\r\n",
      "                      v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be\r\n",
      "                              Names of all shell variables.  May also be spec-\r\n",
      "                              ified as -\b-v\bv.\r\n",
      "              -\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "                      _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd  is  executed in a subshell environment, and its\r\n",
      "                      output is used as the possible completions.\r\n",
      "              -\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn\r\n",
      "                      The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in  the  current\r\n",
      "                      shell  environment.   When the function is executed, the\r\n",
      "                      first argument ($\b$1\b1) is the name  of  the  command  whose\r\n",
      "                      arguments  are being completed, the second argument ($\b$2\b2)\r\n",
      "                      is the word being completed, and the third argument ($\b$3\b3)\r\n",
      "                      is  the  word  preceding the word being completed on the\r\n",
      "                      current command line.  When it  finishes,  the  possible\r\n",
      "                      completions  are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bE-\b-\r\n",
      "                      P\bPL\bLY\bY array variable.\r\n",
      "              -\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt\r\n",
      "                      The pathname expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt  is  expanded  to\r\n",
      "                      generate the possible completions.\r\n",
      "              -\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx\r\n",
      "                      _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx  is  added at the beginning of each possible com-\r\n",
      "                      pletion after all other options have been applied.\r\n",
      "              -\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx\r\n",
      "                      _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx is appended to each possible completion after all\r\n",
      "                      other options have been applied.\r\n",
      "              -\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt\r\n",
      "                      The  _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt  is  split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS\r\n",
      "                      special variable as delimiters, and each resultant  word\r\n",
      "                      is  expanded.   The possible completions are the members\r\n",
      "                      of the resultant list which match the  word  being  com-\r\n",
      "                      pleted.\r\n",
      "              -\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt\r\n",
      "                      _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt  is  a pattern as used for pathname expansion.\r\n",
      "                      It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-\r\n",
      "                      ated  by  the  preceding options and arguments, and each\r\n",
      "                      completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the  list.\r\n",
      "                      A  leading  !\b!  in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this\r\n",
      "                      case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The return value is true unless an invalid option  is  supplied,\r\n",
      "              an  option  other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-\r\n",
      "              ment, an attempt is made to remove  a  completion  specification\r\n",
      "              for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs\r\n",
      "              adding a completion specification.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bE] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]\r\n",
      "              Modify  completion  options  for  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  according  to  the\r\n",
      "              _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns,  or  for the currently-executing completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes\r\n",
      "              are supplied.  If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display  the  completion\r\n",
      "              options  for  each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion.  The possible\r\n",
      "              values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn  are  those  valid  for  the  c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be  builtin\r\n",
      "              described  above.   The  -\b-D\bD  option indicates that the remaining\r\n",
      "              options should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that\r\n",
      "              is,  completion  attempted  on a command for which no completion\r\n",
      "              has previously been defined.  The -\b-E\bE option indicates  that  the\r\n",
      "              remaining  options should apply to ``empty'' command completion;\r\n",
      "              that is, completion attempted on a blank line.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The return value is true unless an invalid option  is  supplied,\r\n",
      "              an attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no\r\n",
      "              completion specification exists, or an output error occurs.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or\r\n",
      "              s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt  loop.   If  _\bn  is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing\r\n",
      "              loop.  _\bn must be >= 1.  If _\bn  is  greater  than  the  number  of\r\n",
      "              enclosing  loops,  the  last  enclosing  loop (the ``top-level''\r\n",
      "              loop) is resumed.  The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater\r\n",
      "              than or equal to 1.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFg\bgi\bil\bln\bnr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]\r\n",
      "       t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFg\bgi\bil\bln\bnr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]\r\n",
      "              Declare  variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are\r\n",
      "              given then display the values of variables.  The -\b-p\bp option  will\r\n",
      "              display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  When -\b-p\bp is used\r\n",
      "              with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options, other than -\b-f\bf  and  -\b-F\bF,\r\n",
      "              are  ignored.   When  -\b-p\bp  is supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it\r\n",
      "              will display the attributes and values of all  variables  having\r\n",
      "              the attributes specified by the additional options.  If no other\r\n",
      "              options  are  supplied  with  -\b-p\bp,  d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be  will   display   the\r\n",
      "              attributes  and  values  of  all shell variables.  The -\b-f\bf option\r\n",
      "              will restrict the display to shell  functions.   The  -\b-F\bF  option\r\n",
      "              inhibits  the display of function definitions; only the function\r\n",
      "              name and attributes are printed.  If the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg  shell  option\r\n",
      "              is  enabled  using  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt,  the source file name and line number\r\n",
      "              where the function is defined are displayed  as  well.   The  -\b-F\bF\r\n",
      "              option implies -\b-f\bf.  The -\b-g\bg option forces variables to be created\r\n",
      "              or modified at the global scope, even when d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be  is  executed\r\n",
      "              in  a  shell  function.   It is ignored in all other cases.  The\r\n",
      "              following options can be used to restrict  output  to  variables\r\n",
      "              with the specified attribute or to give variables attributes:\r\n",
      "              -\b-a\ba     Each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs\r\n",
      "                     above).\r\n",
      "              -\b-A\bA     Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array  variable  (see  A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs\r\n",
      "                     above).\r\n",
      "              -\b-f\bf     Use function names only.\r\n",
      "              -\b-i\bi     The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-\r\n",
      "                     tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above) is performed  when\r\n",
      "                     the variable is assigned a value.\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all upper-case\r\n",
      "                     characters are converted to lower-case.   The  upper-case\r\n",
      "                     attribute is disabled.\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Give  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute, making it a name\r\n",
      "                     reference to another variable.  That  other  variable  is\r\n",
      "                     defined by the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  All references and assign-\r\n",
      "                     ments to _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,  except  for  changing  the  -\b-n\bn  attribute\r\n",
      "                     itself,  are  performed  on  the  variable  referenced by\r\n",
      "                     _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be's value.  The -\b-n\bn  attribute  cannot  be  applied  to\r\n",
      "                     array variables.\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br     Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly.  These names cannot then be assigned\r\n",
      "                     values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.\r\n",
      "              -\b-t\bt     Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the  _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be  attribute.   Traced  functions\r\n",
      "                     inherit  the  D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG  and  R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN  traps  from the calling\r\n",
      "                     shell.  The trace attribute has no  special  meaning  for\r\n",
      "                     variables.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all lower-case\r\n",
      "                     characters are converted to upper-case.   The  lower-case\r\n",
      "                     attribute is disabled.\r\n",
      "              -\b-x\bx     Mark  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes  for  export  to  subsequent commands via the\r\n",
      "                     environment.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute  instead,  with\r\n",
      "              the exceptions that +\b+a\ba may not be used to destroy an array vari-\r\n",
      "              able and +\b+r\br will not remove the readonly attribute.   When  used\r\n",
      "              in a function, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be and t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt make each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be local, as with\r\n",
      "              the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command, unless the -\b-g\bg option is supplied.  If a vari-\r\n",
      "              able  name  is  followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the variable is\r\n",
      "              set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.  When using -\b-a\ba or -\b-A\bA and the  compound  assignment\r\n",
      "              syntax  to  create array variables, additional attributes do not\r\n",
      "              take effect until subsequent assignments.  The return value is 0\r\n",
      "              unless  an  invalid option is encountered, an attempt is made to\r\n",
      "              define a function using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt  is  made  to\r\n",
      "              assign  a  value  to  a readonly variable, an attempt is made to\r\n",
      "              assign a value to an array variable without using  the  compound\r\n",
      "              assignment  syntax (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a\r\n",
      "              valid shell variable name, an attempt is made to turn off  read-\r\n",
      "              only  status for a readonly variable, an attempt is made to turn\r\n",
      "              off array status for an array variable, or an attempt is made to\r\n",
      "              display a non-existent function with -\b-f\bf.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[-\b-c\bcl\blp\bpv\bv]\b] [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b]\r\n",
      "              Without  options,  displays  the  list  of  currently remembered\r\n",
      "              directories.  The default display  is  on  a  single  line  with\r\n",
      "              directory  names  separated by spaces.  Directories are added to\r\n",
      "              the list with  the  p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd  command;  the  p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd  command  removes\r\n",
      "              entries from the list.\r\n",
      "              -\b-c\bc     Clears  the  directory  stack  by  deleting  all  of  the\r\n",
      "                     entries.\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl     Produces a listing  using  full  pathnames;  the  default\r\n",
      "                     listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp     Print the directory stack with one entry per line.\r\n",
      "              -\b-v\bv     Print  the  directory stack with one entry per line, pre-\r\n",
      "                     fixing each entry with its index in the stack.\r\n",
      "              +\b+_\bn     Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list\r\n",
      "                     shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with\r\n",
      "                     zero.\r\n",
      "              -\b-_\bn     Displays the _\bnth entry counting from  the  right  of  the\r\n",
      "                     list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting\r\n",
      "                     with zero.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or  _\bn\r\n",
      "              indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]\r\n",
      "              Without  options,  remove  each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc from the table of active\r\n",
      "              jobs.  If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither the -\b-a\ba nor the  -\b-r\br\r\n",
      "              option  is  supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used.  If the -\b-h\bh option\r\n",
      "              is given, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from  the  table,  but  is\r\n",
      "              marked  so  that  S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP  is  not  sent  to the job if the shell\r\n",
      "              receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP.  If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is  supplied,  the  -\b-a\ba  option\r\n",
      "              means  to  remove or mark all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc argument restricts operation to running jobs.   The  return\r\n",
      "              value is 0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "              Output  the  _\ba_\br_\bgs,  separated  by spaces, followed by a newline.\r\n",
      "              The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.   If  -\b-n\bn  is\r\n",
      "              specified, the trailing newline is suppressed.  If the -\b-e\be option\r\n",
      "              is given,  interpretation  of  the  following  backslash-escaped\r\n",
      "              characters  is  enabled.  The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpreta-\r\n",
      "              tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they  are\r\n",
      "              interpreted  by  default.  The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used\r\n",
      "              to dynamically determine  whether  or  not  e\bec\bch\bho\bo  expands  these\r\n",
      "              escape  characters  by  default.   e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to\r\n",
      "              mean the end of options.  e\bec\bch\bho\bo interprets the  following  escape\r\n",
      "              sequences:\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\a\ba     alert (bell)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\b\bb     backspace\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\c\bc     suppress further output\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\e\be\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\E\bE     an escape character\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\f\bf     form feed\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\n\bn     new line\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\r\br     carriage return\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\t\bt     horizontal tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\v\bv     vertical tab\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\\\\b\\     backslash\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn  the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value\r\n",
      "                     _\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\x\bx_\bH_\bH   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal\r\n",
      "                     value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the  Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the\r\n",
      "                     hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)\r\n",
      "              \\\b\\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH\r\n",
      "                     the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is  the\r\n",
      "                     hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              Enable  and disable builtin shell commands.  Disabling a builtin\r\n",
      "              allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin\r\n",
      "              to  be  executed without specifying a full pathname, even though\r\n",
      "              the shell normally searches for builtins before  disk  commands.\r\n",
      "              If  -\b-n\bn  is  used,  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are\r\n",
      "              enabled.  For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH\r\n",
      "              instead  of  the  shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.\r\n",
      "              The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin  command  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  from\r\n",
      "              shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.\r\n",
      "              The -\b-d\bd option will delete a builtin previously loaded  with  -\b-f\bf.\r\n",
      "              If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,\r\n",
      "              a list of shell builtins is printed.  With no other option argu-\r\n",
      "              ments,  the  list consists of all enabled shell builtins.  If -\b-n\bn\r\n",
      "              is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.  If -\b-a\ba is  sup-\r\n",
      "              plied,  the  list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-\r\n",
      "              tion of whether or not each is enabled.  If -\b-s\bs is supplied,  the\r\n",
      "              output  is restricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins.  The return\r\n",
      "              value is 0 unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there  is  an\r\n",
      "              error loading a new builtin from a shared object.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "              The  _\ba_\br_\bgs  are read and concatenated together into a single com-\r\n",
      "              mand.  This command is then read and executed by the shell,  and\r\n",
      "              its  exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl.  If there are\r\n",
      "              no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]\r\n",
      "              If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell.  No new  process\r\n",
      "              is  created.  The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.  If\r\n",
      "              the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-\r\n",
      "              ning  of  the  zeroth  argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.  This is what\r\n",
      "              _\bl_\bo_\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does.  The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with\r\n",
      "              an  empty environment.  If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              as the zeroth argument to the executed command.  If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-\r\n",
      "              not  be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,\r\n",
      "              unless the e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl shell option is enabled.  In that  case,  it\r\n",
      "              returns  failure.   An  interactive shell returns failure if the\r\n",
      "              file cannot be executed.  If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redi-\r\n",
      "              rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status\r\n",
      "              is 0.  If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn.  If  _\bn  is  omitted,\r\n",
      "              the exit status is that of the last command executed.  A trap on\r\n",
      "              E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...\r\n",
      "       e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp\r\n",
      "              The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the  envi-\r\n",
      "              ronment  of subsequently executed commands.  If the -\b-f\bf option is\r\n",
      "              given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions.  If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given,  or\r\n",
      "              if  the  -\b-p\bp  option is supplied, a list of names of all exported\r\n",
      "              variables is printed.  The -\b-n\bn option causes the export  property\r\n",
      "              to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  If a variable name is followed by\r\n",
      "              =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.  e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns\r\n",
      "              an exit status of 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one\r\n",
      "              of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf  is  sup-\r\n",
      "              plied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]\r\n",
      "       f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]\r\n",
      "              The  first  form  selects a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt\r\n",
      "              from the history list and  displays  or  edits  and  re-executes\r\n",
      "              them.   _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt  and  _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may be specified as a string (to locate\r\n",
      "              the last command beginning with that string) or as a number  (an\r\n",
      "              index  into the history list, where a negative number is used as\r\n",
      "              an offset from the current command  number).   If  _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt  is  not\r\n",
      "              specified  it is set to the current command for listing (so that\r\n",
      "              ``fc -l -10'' prints the last 10 commands) and to  _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt  other-\r\n",
      "              wise.   If _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not specified it is set to the previous com-\r\n",
      "              mand for editing and -16 for listing.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing.   The\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br  option reverses the order of the commands.  If the -\b-l\bl option\r\n",
      "              is given, the commands are listed on  standard  output.   Other-\r\n",
      "              wise,  the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing\r\n",
      "              those commands.  If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the  F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT\r\n",
      "              variable  is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.\r\n",
      "              If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used.  When  editing  is  com-\r\n",
      "              plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              In  the  second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance\r\n",
      "              of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp.  _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is intepreted  the  same  as\r\n",
      "              _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt  above.  A useful alias to use with this is ``r=\"fc -s\"'',\r\n",
      "              so that typing ``r cc'' runs the  last  command  beginning  with\r\n",
      "              ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last command.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  the  first  form  is  used,  the return value is 0 unless an\r\n",
      "              invalid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt  specify  history\r\n",
      "              lines  out  of  range.  If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return\r\n",
      "              value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an\r\n",
      "              error occurs with the temporary file of commands.  If the second\r\n",
      "              form is used, the return status is that of the  command  re-exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted,  unless  _\bc_\bm_\bd  does  not  specify a valid history line, in\r\n",
      "              which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]\r\n",
      "              Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the  current  job.\r\n",
      "              If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb\r\n",
      "              is used.  The return value is that of the  command  placed  into\r\n",
      "              the  foreground,  or failure if run when job control is disabled\r\n",
      "              or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-\r\n",
      "              ify  a  valid  job  or  _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started\r\n",
      "              without job control.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bs]\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional  parame-\r\n",
      "              ters.   _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg  contains  the  option characters to be recog-\r\n",
      "              nized; if a character is followed by  a  colon,  the  option  is\r\n",
      "              expected  to have an argument, which should be separated from it\r\n",
      "              by white space.  The colon and question mark characters may  not\r\n",
      "              be  used as option characters.  Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "              places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,  initializing\r\n",
      "              _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to\r\n",
      "              be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD.  O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to\r\n",
      "              1  each  time  the  shell or a shell script is invoked.  When an\r\n",
      "              option requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that  argument  into\r\n",
      "              the  variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG.  The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automati-\r\n",
      "              cally; it must be  manually  reset  between  multiple  calls  to\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-\r\n",
      "              ters is to be used.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              When the end of options is encountered,  g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs  exits  with  a\r\n",
      "              return  value  greater than zero.  O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of\r\n",
      "              the first non-option argument, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to ?.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but  if  more\r\n",
      "              arguments are given in _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those instead.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs  can  report errors in two ways.  If the first character\r\n",
      "              of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error  reporting  is  used.   In\r\n",
      "              normal  operation,  diagnostic messages are printed when invalid\r\n",
      "              options or missing option arguments  are  encountered.   If  the\r\n",
      "              variable  O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR  is  set  to  0, no error messages will be dis-\r\n",
      "              played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if\r\n",
      "              not  silent,  prints  an  error  message  and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG.  If\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the  option  character  found  is  placed  in\r\n",
      "              O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,\r\n",
      "              a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is  unset,  and  a\r\n",
      "              diagnostic  message  is  printed.   If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a\r\n",
      "              colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG  is  set  to  the  option\r\n",
      "              character found.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs  returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is\r\n",
      "              found.  It returns false if the end of options is encountered or\r\n",
      "              an error occurs.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]\r\n",
      "              Each time h\bha\bas\bsh\bh is invoked, the full pathname of the command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH  and  remem-\r\n",
      "              bered.  Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded.  If the\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "              is  used  as  the  full  filename of the command.  The -\b-r\br option\r\n",
      "              causes the shell to forget all  remembered  locations.   The  -\b-d\bd\r\n",
      "              option  causes  the  shell  to forget the remembered location of\r\n",
      "              each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full  pathname  to\r\n",
      "              which  each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed.  If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-\r\n",
      "              ments are supplied with -\b-t\bt,  the  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is  printed  before  the\r\n",
      "              hashed  full  pathname.   The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be dis-\r\n",
      "              played in a format that may be reused as input.  If no arguments\r\n",
      "              are  given,  or if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remem-\r\n",
      "              bered commands is printed.  The return status is true  unless  a\r\n",
      "              _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found or an invalid option is supplied.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Display  helpful information about builtin commands.  If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn\r\n",
      "              is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands  matching\r\n",
      "              _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn;  otherwise  help for all the builtins and shell control\r\n",
      "              structures is printed.\r\n",
      "              -\b-d\bd     Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn\r\n",
      "              -\b-m\bm     Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like\r\n",
      "                     format\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Display only a short usage synopsis for each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The return status is 0 unless no command matches _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by [\b[_\bn]\b]\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-c\bc\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-a\ban\bnr\brw\bw [_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-p\bp _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]\r\n",
      "       h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]\r\n",
      "              With no options, display the command history list with line num-\r\n",
      "              bers.  Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified.  An argument of\r\n",
      "              _\bn  lists only the last _\bn lines.  If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-\r\n",
      "              F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a  format  string  for\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3)  to display the time stamp associated with each dis-\r\n",
      "              played history entry.  No intervening blank is  printed  between\r\n",
      "              the  formatted  time stamp and the history line.  If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is\r\n",
      "              supplied, it is used as the name of the history  file;  if  not,\r\n",
      "              the  value  of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used.  Options, if supplied, have the\r\n",
      "              following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-c\bc     Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.\r\n",
      "              -\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt\r\n",
      "                     Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt.\r\n",
      "              -\b-a\ba     Append the ``new'' history lines (history  lines  entered\r\n",
      "                     since  the  beginning of the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session) to the\r\n",
      "                     history file.\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Read the history lines not already read from the  history\r\n",
      "                     file  into  the  current  history  list.  These are lines\r\n",
      "                     appended to the history file since the beginning  of  the\r\n",
      "                     current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br     Read  the contents of the history file and append them to\r\n",
      "                     the current history list.\r\n",
      "              -\b-w\bw     Write the current history list to the history file, over-\r\n",
      "                     writing the history file's contents.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp     Perform  history  substitution  on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and\r\n",
      "                     display the result on  the  standard  output.   Does  not\r\n",
      "                     store  the results in the history list.  Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be\r\n",
      "                     quoted to disable normal history expansion.\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list  as  a  single  entry.\r\n",
      "                     The  last  command  in the history list is removed before\r\n",
      "                     the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time  stamp  informa-\r\n",
      "              tion  associated  with each history entry is written to the his-\r\n",
      "              tory file, marked with the history comment character.  When  the\r\n",
      "              history  file  is read, lines beginning with the history comment\r\n",
      "              character followed immediately by a  digit  are  interpreted  as\r\n",
      "              timestamps for the previous history line.  The return value is 0\r\n",
      "              unless an invalid option is encountered, an error  occurs  while\r\n",
      "              reading  or  writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is sup-\r\n",
      "              plied as an argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion supplied as\r\n",
      "              an argument to -\b-p\bp fails.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs [-\b-l\bln\bnp\bpr\brs\bs] [ _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ... ]\r\n",
      "       j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs -\b-x\bx _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [ _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs ... ]\r\n",
      "              The first form lists the active jobs.  The options have the fol-\r\n",
      "              lowing meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl     List process IDs in addition to the normal information.\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Display information only about  jobs  that  have  changed\r\n",
      "                     status since the user was last notified of their status.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp     List  only  the  process  ID  of  the job's process group\r\n",
      "                     leader.\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br     Display only running jobs.\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Display only stopped jobs.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to  information  about\r\n",
      "              that  job.   The  return status is 0 unless an invalid option is\r\n",
      "              encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in\r\n",
      "              _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd  or  _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs  with  the corresponding process group ID, and\r\n",
      "              executes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, returning its exit status.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...\r\n",
      "       k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]\r\n",
      "              Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  or  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm  to  the  processes\r\n",
      "              named  by  _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc.  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive\r\n",
      "              signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix)  or\r\n",
      "              a  signal  number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number.  If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not\r\n",
      "              present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed.  An argument of -\b-l\bl  lists  the\r\n",
      "              signal  names.   If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,\r\n",
      "              the names of the signals  corresponding  to  the  arguments  are\r\n",
      "              listed, and the return status is 0.  The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal  number  or  the  exit\r\n",
      "              status  of  a process terminated by a signal.  k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true\r\n",
      "              if at least one signal was successfully sent,  or  false  if  an\r\n",
      "              error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "              Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-\r\n",
      "              M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above).  If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates  to  0,  l\ble\bet\bt\r\n",
      "              returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]\r\n",
      "              For  each  argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and\r\n",
      "              assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.  The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the  options  accepted\r\n",
      "              by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be.  When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the\r\n",
      "              variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to  that  func-\r\n",
      "              tion and its children.  With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of\r\n",
      "              local variables to the standard output.  It is an error  to  use\r\n",
      "              l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not within a function.  The return status is 0 unless\r\n",
      "              l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is  supplied,\r\n",
      "              or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a readonly variable.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be  [-\b-n\bn  _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt]  [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]\r\n",
      "       [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC  _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]\r\n",
      "       [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]\r\n",
      "              Read  lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-\r\n",
      "              able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is  sup-\r\n",
      "              plied.   The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by.  Options, if\r\n",
      "              supplied, have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines.  If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all  lines  are\r\n",
      "                     copied.\r\n",
      "              -\b-O\bO     Begin  assigning  to  _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn.  The default\r\n",
      "                     index is 0.\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-t\bt     Remove a trailing newline from each line read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu     Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of  the  stan-\r\n",
      "                     dard input.\r\n",
      "              -\b-C\bC     Evaluate  _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read.  The\r\n",
      "                     -\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.\r\n",
      "              -\b-c\bc     Specify the number of lines read  between  each  call  to\r\n",
      "                     _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  -\b-C\bC  is  specified  without  -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.\r\n",
      "              When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next\r\n",
      "              array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that\r\n",
      "              element as additional arguments.  _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk  is  evaluated  after\r\n",
      "              the line is read but before the array element is assigned.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  not  supplied  with  an  explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear\r\n",
      "              _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or  option\r\n",
      "              argument  is  supplied,  _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if\r\n",
      "              _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is not an indexed array.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Removes entries from the directory stack.   With  no  arguments,\r\n",
      "              removes  the  top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to\r\n",
      "              the new top directory.  Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-\r\n",
      "              ing meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Suppresses  the  normal change of directory when removing\r\n",
      "                     directories from the stack, so that  only  the  stack  is\r\n",
      "                     manipulated.\r\n",
      "              +\b+_\bn     Removes  the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list\r\n",
      "                     shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero.  For  example:  ``popd\r\n",
      "                     +0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.\r\n",
      "              -\b-_\bn     Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list\r\n",
      "                     shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero.  For  example:  ``popd\r\n",
      "                     -0''  removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to\r\n",
      "                     last.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as  well,\r\n",
      "              and  the  return  status is 0.  p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid\r\n",
      "              option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-\r\n",
      "              tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change\r\n",
      "              fails.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]\r\n",
      "              Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output  under  the\r\n",
      "              control  of  the  _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt.  The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be\r\n",
      "              assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being  printed  to  the\r\n",
      "              standard output.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt  is a character string which contains three types of\r\n",
      "              objects: plain characters, which are simply copied  to  standard\r\n",
      "              output,  character  escape  sequences,  which  are converted and\r\n",
      "              copied to the standard output, and format  specifications,  each\r\n",
      "              of  which  causes  printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.  In\r\n",
      "              addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) format specifications, p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf\r\n",
      "              interprets the following extensions:\r\n",
      "              %\b%b\bb     causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in the\r\n",
      "                     corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\\b\\c\bc terminates output,\r\n",
      "                     backslashes  in \\\b\\'\b', \\\b\\\"\b\", and \\\b\\?\b? are not removed, and octal\r\n",
      "                     escapes beginning with \\\b\\0\b0 may contain up to four digits).\r\n",
      "              %\b%q\bq     causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt  in  a\r\n",
      "                     format that can be reused as shell input.\r\n",
      "              %\b%(\b(_\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt)\b)T\bT\r\n",
      "                     causes  p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf  to  output the date-time string resulting\r\n",
      "                     from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format  string  for  _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).\r\n",
      "                     The corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt is an integer representing the\r\n",
      "                     number of seconds since the epoch.  Two special  argument\r\n",
      "                     values  may  be used: -1 represents the current time, and\r\n",
      "                     -2 represents the time the  shell  was  invoked.   If  no\r\n",
      "                     argument  is  specified,  conversion behaves as if -1 had\r\n",
      "                     been given.  This is an exception  to  the  usual  p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf\r\n",
      "                     behavior.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Arguments  to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-\r\n",
      "              stants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and\r\n",
      "              if  the leading character is a single or double quote, the value\r\n",
      "              is the ASCII value of the following character.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all  of  the  _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-\r\n",
      "              _\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs.  If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,\r\n",
      "              the extra format specifications behave as if  a  zero  value  or\r\n",
      "              null  string,  as  appropriate,  had  been supplied.  The return\r\n",
      "              value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]\r\n",
      "       p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]\r\n",
      "              Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack,  or  rotates\r\n",
      "              the  stack,  making the new top of the stack the current working\r\n",
      "              directory.  With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories\r\n",
      "              and  returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty.  Arguments,\r\n",
      "              if supplied, have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     Suppresses the normal change  of  directory  when  adding\r\n",
      "                     directories  to  the  stack,  so  that  only the stack is\r\n",
      "                     manipulated.\r\n",
      "              +\b+_\bn     Rotates the stack so that  the  _\bnth  directory  (counting\r\n",
      "                     from  the  left  of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with\r\n",
      "                     zero) is at the top.\r\n",
      "              -\b-_\bn     Rotates the stack so that  the  _\bnth  directory  (counting\r\n",
      "                     from  the  right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with\r\n",
      "                     zero) is at the top.\r\n",
      "              _\bd_\bi_\br    Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the\r\n",
      "                     new  current working directory as if it had been supplied\r\n",
      "                     as the argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.\r\n",
      "              If  the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br\r\n",
      "              fails.  With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the  direc-\r\n",
      "              tory  stack  is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is\r\n",
      "              specified, or the directory change to the specified new  current\r\n",
      "              directory fails.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]\r\n",
      "              Print  the  absolute  pathname of the current working directory.\r\n",
      "              The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option\r\n",
      "              is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command\r\n",
      "              is enabled.  If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed  may\r\n",
      "              contain  symbolic links.  The return status is 0 unless an error\r\n",
      "              occurs while reading the name of the  current  directory  or  an\r\n",
      "              invalid option is supplied.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp\r\n",
      "       _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              One line is read from the  standard  input,  or  from  the  file\r\n",
      "              descriptor  _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the\r\n",
      "              first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the\r\n",
      "              second  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-\r\n",
      "              ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  If  there  are  fewer\r\n",
      "              words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names\r\n",
      "              are assigned empty values.  The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS  are  used  to\r\n",
      "              split  the  line  into words using the same rules the shell uses\r\n",
      "              for expansion (described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg).  The back-\r\n",
      "              slash  character  (\\\b\\)  may be used to remove any special meaning\r\n",
      "              for the next character read and for line continuation.  Options,\r\n",
      "              if supplied, have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "                     The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array\r\n",
      "                     variable _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, starting at 0.  _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is unset before any\r\n",
      "                     new  values  are  assigned.   Other  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  arguments  are\r\n",
      "                     ignored.\r\n",
      "              -\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm\r\n",
      "                     The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is  used  to  terminate  the\r\n",
      "                     input line, rather than newline.\r\n",
      "              -\b-e\be     If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be\r\n",
      "                     (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the  line.   Read-\r\n",
      "                     line  uses  the  current (or default, if line editing was\r\n",
      "                     not previously active) editing settings.\r\n",
      "              -\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt\r\n",
      "                     If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used  to  read  the  line,  _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt  is\r\n",
      "                     placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs\r\n",
      "                     r\bre\bea\bad\bd  returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than\r\n",
      "                     waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a  delim-\r\n",
      "                     iter  if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the\r\n",
      "                     delimiter.\r\n",
      "              -\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs\r\n",
      "                     r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns  after  reading  exactly  _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs  characters\r\n",
      "                     rather  than waiting for a complete line of input, unless\r\n",
      "                     EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out.  Delimiter  charac-\r\n",
      "                     ters  encountered  in the input are not treated specially\r\n",
      "                     and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until  _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs  characters\r\n",
      "                     are read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt\r\n",
      "                     Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-\r\n",
      "                     line, before attempting to read any input.  The prompt is\r\n",
      "                     displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br     Backslash does not act as an escape character.  The back-\r\n",
      "                     slash is considered to be part of the line.  In  particu-\r\n",
      "                     lar,  a  backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line\r\n",
      "                     continuation.\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Silent mode.  If input is coming from a terminal, charac-\r\n",
      "                     ters are not echoed.\r\n",
      "              -\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt\r\n",
      "                     Cause  r\bre\bea\bad\bd  to time out and return failure if a complete\r\n",
      "                     line of input (or a specified number  of  characters)  is\r\n",
      "                     not  read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds.  _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt may be a deci-\r\n",
      "                     mal number with a fractional portion following the  deci-\r\n",
      "                     mal  point.   This  option  is  only effective if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is\r\n",
      "                     reading input from a terminal,  pipe,  or  other  special\r\n",
      "                     file;  it  has no effect when reading from regular files.\r\n",
      "                     If r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, r\bre\bea\bad\bd saves any partial input read into\r\n",
      "                     the  specified  variable  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.   If  _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt  is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd\r\n",
      "                     returns immediately, without trying  to  read  any  data.\r\n",
      "                     The  exit status is 0 if input is available on the speci-\r\n",
      "                     fied file descriptor, non-zero otherwise.  The exit  sta-\r\n",
      "                     tus is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd  Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-\r\n",
      "              able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY.  The return code  is  zero,  unless  end-of-file  is\r\n",
      "              encountered,  r\bre\bea\bad\bd  times  out (in which case the return code is\r\n",
      "              greater than 128), a variable assignment error (such as  assign-\r\n",
      "              ing  to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descrip-\r\n",
      "              tor is supplied as the argument to -\b-u\bu.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bf] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]\r\n",
      "              The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of  these  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs\r\n",
      "              may  not  be changed by subsequent assignment.  If the -\b-f\bf option\r\n",
      "              is supplied, the functions corresponding to  the  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs  are  so\r\n",
      "              marked.   The  -\b-a\ba  option  restricts  the  variables  to indexed\r\n",
      "              arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts  the  variables  to  associative\r\n",
      "              arrays.   If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence.  If\r\n",
      "              no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied,  a\r\n",
      "              list of all readonly names is printed.  The other options may be\r\n",
      "              used to restrict the output to a subset of the set  of  readonly\r\n",
      "              names.   The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format\r\n",
      "              that may be reused as input.  If a variable name is followed  by\r\n",
      "              =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd,  the  value  of  the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.  The return\r\n",
      "              status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of  the\r\n",
      "              _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with\r\n",
      "              a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]\r\n",
      "              Causes a function to stop executing and return the value  speci-\r\n",
      "              fied  by _\bn to its caller.  If _\bn is omitted, the return status is\r\n",
      "              that of the last command executed  in  the  function  body.   If\r\n",
      "              r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn  is  used  outside  a function, but during execution of a\r\n",
      "              script by the .\b.  (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it causes the shell  to  stop\r\n",
      "              executing  that script and return either _\bn or the exit status of\r\n",
      "              the last command executed within the script as the  exit  status\r\n",
      "              of  the script.  If _\bn is supplied, the return value is its least\r\n",
      "              significant 8 bits.  The return status is non-zero if r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn  is\r\n",
      "              supplied  a  non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function\r\n",
      "              and not during execution of a script by .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be.   Any  com-\r\n",
      "              mand  associated  with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed before execu-\r\n",
      "              tion resumes after the function or script.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bet\bt [-\b--\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "       s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]\r\n",
      "              Without options, the name and value of each shell  variable  are\r\n",
      "              displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or\r\n",
      "              resetting the currently-set variables.  Read-only variables can-\r\n",
      "              not  be  reset.  In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, only shell variables are listed.\r\n",
      "              The output is sorted according  to  the  current  locale.   When\r\n",
      "              options  are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.  Any\r\n",
      "              arguments remaining after option processing are treated as  val-\r\n",
      "              ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to\r\n",
      "              $\b$1\b1, $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b.  $\b$_\bn.  Options,  if  specified,  have  the  following\r\n",
      "              meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-a\ba      Automatically  mark  variables  and  functions which are\r\n",
      "                      modified or created for export  to  the  environment  of\r\n",
      "                      subsequent commands.\r\n",
      "              -\b-b\bb      Report  the status of terminated background jobs immedi-\r\n",
      "                      ately, rather than before the next primary prompt.  This\r\n",
      "                      is effective only when job control is enabled.\r\n",
      "              -\b-e\be      Exit  immediately  if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a\r\n",
      "                      single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, or  a  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd\r\n",
      "                      (see  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL  G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above),  exits with a non-zero sta-\r\n",
      "                      tus.  The shell does not exit if the command that  fails\r\n",
      "                      is  part  of  the  command  list immediately following a\r\n",
      "                      w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test  following  the\r\n",
      "                      i\bif\bf  or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed\r\n",
      "                      in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list  except  the  command  following  the\r\n",
      "                      final  &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last,\r\n",
      "                      or if the command's return value is being inverted  with\r\n",
      "                      !\b!.   If a compound command other than a subshell returns\r\n",
      "                      a non-zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be  was\r\n",
      "                      being  ignored, the shell does not exit.  A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,\r\n",
      "                      if set, is executed before the shell exits.  This option\r\n",
      "                      applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-\r\n",
      "                      ronment separately (see  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD  E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN  E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "                      above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing\r\n",
      "                      all the commands in the subshell.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "                      If a compound command or shell function  executes  in  a\r\n",
      "                      context  where -\b-e\be is being ignored, none of the commands\r\n",
      "                      executed within the compound command  or  function  body\r\n",
      "                      will  be  affected  by the -\b-e\be setting, even if -\b-e\be is set\r\n",
      "                      and a command returns a failure status.  If  a  compound\r\n",
      "                      command  or  shell function sets -\b-e\be while executing in a\r\n",
      "                      context where -\b-e\be is ignored, that setting will not  have\r\n",
      "                      any  effect  until  the  compound command or the command\r\n",
      "                      containing the function call completes.\r\n",
      "              -\b-f\bf      Disable pathname expansion.\r\n",
      "              -\b-h\bh      Remember the location of commands as they are looked  up\r\n",
      "                      for execution.  This is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              -\b-k\bk      All  arguments  in the form of assignment statements are\r\n",
      "                      placed in the environment for a command, not just  those\r\n",
      "                      that precede the command name.\r\n",
      "              -\b-m\bm      Monitor  mode.   Job control is enabled.  This option is\r\n",
      "                      on by default for interactive  shells  on  systems  that\r\n",
      "                      support  it  (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above).  All processes run\r\n",
      "                      in a separate process group.  When a background job com-\r\n",
      "                      pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta-\r\n",
      "                      tus.\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn      Read commands but do not execute them.  This may be used\r\n",
      "                      to  check  a  shell  script  for syntax errors.  This is\r\n",
      "                      ignored by interactive shells.\r\n",
      "              -\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be\r\n",
      "                      The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:\r\n",
      "                      a\bal\bll\ble\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-a\ba.\r\n",
      "                      b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-B\bB.\r\n",
      "                      e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs   Use an emacs-style command line  editing  inter-\r\n",
      "                              face.  This is enabled by default when the shell\r\n",
      "                              is interactive, unless the shell is started with\r\n",
      "                              the  -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg  option.  This also affects the\r\n",
      "                              editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.\r\n",
      "                      e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt Same as -\b-e\be.\r\n",
      "                      e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-E\bE.\r\n",
      "                      f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-T\bT.\r\n",
      "                      h\bha\bas\bsh\bha\bal\bll\bl Same as -\b-h\bh.\r\n",
      "                      h\bhi\bis\bst\bte\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-H\bH.\r\n",
      "                      h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by Enable command history, as described above under\r\n",
      "                              H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY.  This option is on by default in inter-\r\n",
      "                              active shells.\r\n",
      "                      i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf\r\n",
      "                              The  effect  is  as   if   the   shell   command\r\n",
      "                              ``IGNOREEOF=10''  had  been  executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl\r\n",
      "                              V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).\r\n",
      "                      k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.\r\n",
      "                      m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-C\bC.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\boe\bex\bxe\bec\bc  Same as -\b-n\bn.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\bog\bgl\blo\bob\bb  Same as -\b-f\bf.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\bol\blo\bog\bg   Currently ignored.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\bot\bti\bif\bfy\by  Same as -\b-b\bb.\r\n",
      "                      n\bno\bou\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt Same as -\b-u\bu.\r\n",
      "                      o\bon\bne\bec\bcm\bmd\bd  Same as -\b-t\bt.\r\n",
      "                      p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-P\bP.\r\n",
      "                      p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl\r\n",
      "                              If set, the return value of a  pipeline  is  the\r\n",
      "                              value  of  the  last (rightmost) command to exit\r\n",
      "                              with a non-zero status, or zero if all  commands\r\n",
      "                              in  the pipeline exit successfully.  This option\r\n",
      "                              is disabled by default.\r\n",
      "                      p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx   Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  where  the  default\r\n",
      "                              operation  differs  from  the  POSIX standard to\r\n",
      "                              match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be).  See  S\bSE\bEE\bE  A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO\r\n",
      "                              below for a reference to a document that details\r\n",
      "                              how posix mode affects bash's behavior.\r\n",
      "                      p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd\r\n",
      "                              Same as -\b-p\bp.\r\n",
      "                      v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.\r\n",
      "                      v\bvi\bi      Use a vi-style command line  editing  interface.\r\n",
      "                              This also affects the editing interface used for\r\n",
      "                              r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.\r\n",
      "                      x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be  Same as -\b-x\bx.\r\n",
      "                      If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the\r\n",
      "                      current  options are printed.  If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no\r\n",
      "                      _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands  to  recreate  the\r\n",
      "                      current  option  settings  is  displayed on the standard\r\n",
      "                      output.\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp      Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode.  In this  mode,  the  $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV  and\r\n",
      "                      $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV  files  are not processed, shell functions are\r\n",
      "                      not inherited from the environment, and  the  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,\r\n",
      "                      B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,  C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH,  and  G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE  variables,  if they\r\n",
      "                      appear in the environment, are ignored.  If the shell is\r\n",
      "                      started  with the effective user (group) id not equal to\r\n",
      "                      the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not  sup-\r\n",
      "                      plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id\r\n",
      "                      is set to the real user id.  If the -\b-p\bp  option  is  sup-\r\n",
      "                      plied  at  startup,  the effective user id is not reset.\r\n",
      "                      Turning this option off causes the  effective  user  and\r\n",
      "                      group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.\r\n",
      "              -\b-t\bt      Exit after reading and executing one command.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu      Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-\r\n",
      "                      cial parameters \"@\" and \"*\" as an error when  performing\r\n",
      "                      parameter  expansion.   If  expansion is attempted on an\r\n",
      "                      unset variable or parameter, the shell prints  an  error\r\n",
      "                      message,  and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero\r\n",
      "                      status.\r\n",
      "              -\b-v\bv      Print shell input lines as they are read.\r\n",
      "              -\b-x\bx      After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br  command,  c\bca\bas\bse\be\r\n",
      "                      command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-\r\n",
      "                      play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the  command\r\n",
      "                      and its expanded arguments or associated word list.\r\n",
      "              -\b-B\bB      The  shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "                      above).  This is on by default.\r\n",
      "              -\b-C\bC      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an  existing  file  with\r\n",
      "                      the  >\b>,  >\b>&\b&,  and <\b<>\b> redirection operators.  This may be\r\n",
      "                      overridden when creating output files by using the redi-\r\n",
      "                      rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.\r\n",
      "              -\b-E\bE      If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,\r\n",
      "                      command substitutions, and commands executed in  a  sub-\r\n",
      "                      shell  environment.  The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-\r\n",
      "                      ited in such cases.\r\n",
      "              -\b-H\bH      Enable !\b!  style history substitution.  This option is on\r\n",
      "                      by default when the shell is interactive.\r\n",
      "              -\b-P\bP      If  set,  the shell does not resolve symbolic links when\r\n",
      "                      executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that  change  the  current\r\n",
      "                      working  directory.   It  uses  the  physical  directory\r\n",
      "                      structure instead.  By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical\r\n",
      "                      chain  of  directories  when  performing  commands which\r\n",
      "                      change the current directory.\r\n",
      "              -\b-T\bT      If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are  inherited  by\r\n",
      "                      shell  functions,  command  substitutions,  and commands\r\n",
      "                      executed in  a  subshell  environment.   The  D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG  and\r\n",
      "                      R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps are normally not inherited in such cases.\r\n",
      "              -\b--\b-      If  no arguments follow this option, then the positional\r\n",
      "                      parameters are unset.  Otherwise, the positional parame-\r\n",
      "                      ters  are  set  to  the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin\r\n",
      "                      with a -\b-.\r\n",
      "              -\b-       Signal the end of options, cause all remaining  _\ba_\br_\bgs  to\r\n",
      "                      be assigned to the positional parameters.  The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv\r\n",
      "                      options are turned off.  If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-\r\n",
      "                      tional parameters remain unchanged.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  options are off by default unless otherwise noted.  Using +\r\n",
      "              rather than - causes  these  options  to  be  turned  off.   The\r\n",
      "              options  can  also be specified as arguments to an invocation of\r\n",
      "              the shell.  The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-.   The\r\n",
      "              return status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-\r\n",
      "              tered.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]\r\n",
      "              The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed  to  $\b$1\b1  .\b..\b..\b..\b.\r\n",
      "              Parameters  represented  by  the  numbers  $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are\r\n",
      "              unset.  _\bn must be a non-negative number less than  or  equal  to\r\n",
      "              $\b$#\b#.   If  _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed.  If _\bn is not given,\r\n",
      "              it is assumed to be 1.  If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the  positional\r\n",
      "              parameters  are  not changed.  The return status is greater than\r\n",
      "              zero if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell  behav-\r\n",
      "              ior.   The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the\r\n",
      "              -\b-o\bo option is used, those available with the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt\r\n",
      "              builtin command.  With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list\r\n",
      "              of all settable options is  displayed,  with  an  indication  of\r\n",
      "              whether  or  not each is set.  The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be\r\n",
      "              displayed in a form that may be reused as input.  Other  options\r\n",
      "              have the following meanings:\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu     Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.\r\n",
      "              -\b-q\bq     Suppresses  normal output (quiet mode); the return status\r\n",
      "                     indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset.  If multi-\r\n",
      "                     ple  _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-\r\n",
      "                     tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero  other-\r\n",
      "                     wise.\r\n",
      "              -\b-o\bo     Restricts  the  values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for\r\n",
      "                     the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used  with  no  _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  arguments,  s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt\r\n",
      "              shows  only  those options which are set or unset, respectively.\r\n",
      "              Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are  disabled  (unset)\r\n",
      "              by default.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The  return  status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs\r\n",
      "              are enabled, non-zero  otherwise.   When  setting  or  unsetting\r\n",
      "              options,  the  return  status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a\r\n",
      "              valid shell option.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd  If set, a command name that is the name of  a  directory\r\n",
      "                      is  executed  as  if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-\r\n",
      "                      mand.  This option is only used by interactive shells.\r\n",
      "              c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs\r\n",
      "                      If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin  command  that  is\r\n",
      "                      not  a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable\r\n",
      "                      whose value is the directory to change to.\r\n",
      "              c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-\r\n",
      "                      ponent  in  a  c\bcd\bd command will be corrected.  The errors\r\n",
      "                      checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-\r\n",
      "                      ter,  and  one  character  too many.  If a correction is\r\n",
      "                      found, the corrected filename is printed, and  the  com-\r\n",
      "                      mand  proceeds.  This option is only used by interactive\r\n",
      "                      shells.\r\n",
      "              c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-\r\n",
      "                      ble  exists  before  trying  to execute it.  If a hashed\r\n",
      "                      command no longer exists, a normal path search  is  per-\r\n",
      "                      formed.\r\n",
      "              c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running\r\n",
      "                      jobs before exiting an interactive shell.  If  any  jobs\r\n",
      "                      are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a\r\n",
      "                      second exit is attempted without an intervening  command\r\n",
      "                      (see  J\bJO\bOB\bB  C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL  above).   The shell always postpones\r\n",
      "                      exiting if any jobs are stopped.\r\n",
      "              c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after  each  command\r\n",
      "                      and,  if necessary, updates the values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bL-\b-\r\n",
      "                      U\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS.\r\n",
      "              c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of  a  multiple-\r\n",
      "                      line  command  in  the  same history entry.  This allows\r\n",
      "                      easy re-editing of multi-line commands.\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1\r\n",
      "                      with  respect  to quoted arguments to the [\b[[\b[ conditional\r\n",
      "                      command's =\b=~\b~ operator and locale-specific string compar-\r\n",
      "                      ison  when  using  the  [\b[[\b[ conditional command's <\b< and >\b>\r\n",
      "                      operators.  Bash versions prior to  bash-4.1  use  ASCII\r\n",
      "                      collation and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the cur-\r\n",
      "                      rent locale's collation sequence and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bo_\bl_\bl(3).\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2\r\n",
      "                      with  respect  to locale-specific string comparison when\r\n",
      "                      using the [\b[[\b[ conditional command's  <\b<  and  >\b>  operators\r\n",
      "                      (see previous item).\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0\r\n",
      "                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when\r\n",
      "                      using  the  [\b[[\b[  conditional  command's <\b< and >\b> operators\r\n",
      "                      (see description of c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1) and the effect  of  inter-\r\n",
      "                      rupting  a  command  list.   Bash versions 4.0 and later\r\n",
      "                      interrupt the list as if the shell received  the  inter-\r\n",
      "                      rupt;  previous  versions continue with the next command\r\n",
      "                      in the list.\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, when in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, treats a single  quote\r\n",
      "                      in  a  double-quoted  parameter  expansion  as a special\r\n",
      "                      character.  The single quotes must match (an  even  num-\r\n",
      "                      ber)  and  the  characters between the single quotes are\r\n",
      "                      considered quoted.  This is the behavior of  posix  mode\r\n",
      "                      through  version 4.1.  The default bash behavior remains\r\n",
      "                      as in previous versions.\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b42\b2\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not process the replacement string  in\r\n",
      "                      the  pattern  substitution  word  expansion  using quote\r\n",
      "                      removal.\r\n",
      "              c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be_\b_f\bfu\bul\bll\blq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh quotes all shell  metacharacters  in  file-\r\n",
      "                      names  and  directory  names when performing completion.\r\n",
      "                      If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh removes metacharacters such as the dol-\r\n",
      "                      lar  sign from the set of characters that will be quoted\r\n",
      "                      in completed filenames when these metacharacters  appear\r\n",
      "                      in  shell  variable references in words to be completed.\r\n",
      "                      This means that dollar  signs  in  variable  names  that\r\n",
      "                      expand  to  directories will not be quoted; however, any\r\n",
      "                      dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be  quoted,\r\n",
      "                      either.   This  is  active only when bash is using back-\r\n",
      "                      slashes to quote completed filenames.  This variable  is\r\n",
      "                      set  by  default,  which is the default bash behavior in\r\n",
      "                      versions through 4.2.\r\n",
      "              d\bdi\bir\bre\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh replaces directory names with  the  results\r\n",
      "                      of  word  expansion when performing filename completion.\r\n",
      "                      This changes the contents of the readline  editing  buf-\r\n",
      "                      fer.   If  not  set,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to preserve what the\r\n",
      "                      user typed.\r\n",
      "              d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction  on  directory\r\n",
      "                      names  during word completion if the directory name ini-\r\n",
      "                      tially supplied does not exist.\r\n",
      "              d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.'  in\r\n",
      "                      the results of pathname expansion.\r\n",
      "              e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl\r\n",
      "                      If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-\r\n",
      "                      not execute the file specified as  an  argument  to  the\r\n",
      "                      e\bex\bxe\bec\bc  builtin  command.   An  interactive shell does not\r\n",
      "                      exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.\r\n",
      "              e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs\r\n",
      "                      If set, aliases are expanded as  described  above  under\r\n",
      "                      A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS.  This option is enabled by default for interac-\r\n",
      "                      tive shells.\r\n",
      "              e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg\r\n",
      "                      If set,  behavior  intended  for  use  by  debuggers  is\r\n",
      "                      enabled:\r\n",
      "                      1\b1.\b.     The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the\r\n",
      "                             source file name and line number corresponding to\r\n",
      "                             each function name supplied as an argument.\r\n",
      "                      2\b2.\b.     If  the  command  run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a\r\n",
      "                             non-zero value, the next command is  skipped  and\r\n",
      "                             not executed.\r\n",
      "                      3\b3.\b.     If  the  command  run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a\r\n",
      "                             value of 2, and the shell is executing in a  sub-\r\n",
      "                             routine  (a shell function or a shell script exe-\r\n",
      "                             cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be  builtins),  a  call  to\r\n",
      "                             r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.\r\n",
      "                      4\b4.\b.     B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC  and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described\r\n",
      "                             in their descriptions above.\r\n",
      "                      5\b5.\b.     Function tracing is enabled:   command  substitu-\r\n",
      "                             tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with\r\n",
      "                             (\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.\r\n",
      "                      6\b6.\b.     Error tracing is enabled:  command  substitution,\r\n",
      "                             shell  functions,  and  subshells  invoked with (\b(\r\n",
      "                             _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bR trap.\r\n",
      "              e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described\r\n",
      "                      above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.\r\n",
      "              e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg'  and  $\b$\"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg\" quoting is performed\r\n",
      "                      within  $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b}  expansions  enclosed   in   double\r\n",
      "                      quotes.  This option is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  patterns  which fail to match filenames during\r\n",
      "                      pathname expansion result in an expansion error.\r\n",
      "              f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be\r\n",
      "                      If set, the suffixes  specified  by  the  F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE  shell\r\n",
      "                      variable  cause words to be ignored when performing word\r\n",
      "                      completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-\r\n",
      "                      ble  completions.   See  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL  V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS  above  for  a\r\n",
      "                      description of  F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE.   This  option  is  enabled  by\r\n",
      "                      default.\r\n",
      "              g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  range  expressions  used  in  pattern matching\r\n",
      "                      bracket expressions (see P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg above)  behave\r\n",
      "                      as  if  in the traditional C locale when performing com-\r\n",
      "                      parisons.   That  is,  the  current  locale's  collating\r\n",
      "                      sequence  is  not taken into account, so b\bb will not col-\r\n",
      "                      late between A\bA and  B\bB,  and  upper-case  and  lower-case\r\n",
      "                      ASCII characters will collate together.\r\n",
      "              g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br\r\n",
      "                      If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-\r\n",
      "                      text will match all files and zero or  more  directories\r\n",
      "                      and  subdirectories.  If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,\r\n",
      "                      only directories and subdirectories match.\r\n",
      "              g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt\r\n",
      "                      If set, shell error messages are written in the standard\r\n",
      "                      GNU error message format.\r\n",
      "              h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  the history list is appended to the file named\r\n",
      "                      by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE  variable  when  the  shell\r\n",
      "                      exits, rather than overwriting the file.\r\n",
      "              h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt\r\n",
      "                      If  set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the\r\n",
      "                      opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.\r\n",
      "              h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by\r\n",
      "                      If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of  his-\r\n",
      "                      tory  substitution  are  not  immediately  passed to the\r\n",
      "                      shell parser.  Instead, the  resulting  line  is  loaded\r\n",
      "                      into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-\r\n",
      "                      fication.\r\n",
      "              h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be\r\n",
      "                      If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to\r\n",
      "                      perform  hostname  completion when a word containing a @\b@\r\n",
      "                      is  being  completed  (see  C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg  under   R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE\r\n",
      "                      above).  This is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will send S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an inter-\r\n",
      "                      active login shell exits.\r\n",
      "              i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs\r\n",
      "                      If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word\r\n",
      "                      and  all remaining characters on that line to be ignored\r\n",
      "                      in an interactive  shell  (see  C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS  above).   This\r\n",
      "                      option is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  and  job control is not active, the shell runs\r\n",
      "                      the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back-\r\n",
      "                      ground in the current shell environment.\r\n",
      "              l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If  set,  and  the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line\r\n",
      "                      commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines\r\n",
      "                      rather than using semicolon separators where possible.\r\n",
      "              l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl\r\n",
      "                      The  shell  sets this option if it is started as a login\r\n",
      "                      shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above).   The  value  may  not  be\r\n",
      "                      changed.\r\n",
      "              m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  and  a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has\r\n",
      "                      been accessed since the last time it  was  checked,  the\r\n",
      "                      message  ``The  mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-\r\n",
      "                      played.\r\n",
      "              n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn\r\n",
      "                      If set, and  r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be  is  being  used,  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  will  not\r\n",
      "                      attempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when\r\n",
      "                      completion is attempted on an empty line.\r\n",
      "              n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches  filenames  in  a  case-insensitive\r\n",
      "                      fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be\r\n",
      "                      E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).\r\n",
      "              n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh  matches  patterns  in  a  case-insensitive\r\n",
      "                      fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or\r\n",
      "                      [\b[[\b[ conditional commands.\r\n",
      "              n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb\r\n",
      "                      If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no  files  (see\r\n",
      "                      P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be  E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn  above)  to expand to a null string,\r\n",
      "                      rather than themselves.\r\n",
      "              p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp\r\n",
      "                      If set, the programmable completion facilities (see P\bPr\bro\bo-\b-\r\n",
      "                      g\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn above) are enabled.  This option is\r\n",
      "                      enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs\r\n",
      "                      If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-\r\n",
      "                      mand   substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and  quote\r\n",
      "                      removal after being expanded as described  in  P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG\r\n",
      "                      above.  This option is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl\r\n",
      "                      The   shell  sets  this  option  if  it  is  started  in\r\n",
      "                      restricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below).  The value\r\n",
      "                      may  not be changed.  This is not reset when the startup\r\n",
      "                      files are executed, allowing the startup files  to  dis-\r\n",
      "                      cover whether or not a shell is restricted.\r\n",
      "              s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be\r\n",
      "                      If  set,  the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when\r\n",
      "                      the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-\r\n",
      "                      ters.\r\n",
      "              s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh\r\n",
      "                      If set, the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be (.\b.) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to\r\n",
      "                      find the directory containing the file  supplied  as  an\r\n",
      "                      argument.  This option is enabled by default.\r\n",
      "              x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo\r\n",
      "                      If   set,  the  e\bec\bch\bho\bo  builtin  expands  backslash-escape\r\n",
      "                      sequences by default.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]\r\n",
      "              Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a  S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT\r\n",
      "              signal.  A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be\r\n",
      "              used to override this and force the suspension.  The return sta-\r\n",
      "              tus  is  0  unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-\r\n",
      "              plied, or if job control is not enabled.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br\r\n",
      "       [\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]\r\n",
      "              Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu-\r\n",
      "              ation of the conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br.  Each operator and op-\r\n",
      "              erand must be a separate argument.  Expressions are composed  of\r\n",
      "              the  primaries  described  above  under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS.\r\n",
      "              t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and  ignore\r\n",
      "              an argument of -\b--\b- as signifying the end of options.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Expressions  may  be  combined  using  the  following operators,\r\n",
      "              listed  in  decreasing  order  of  precedence.   The  evaluation\r\n",
      "              depends  on the number of arguments; see below.  Operator prece-\r\n",
      "              dence is used when there are five or more arguments.\r\n",
      "              !\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.\r\n",
      "              (\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)\r\n",
      "                     Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br.  This may be used to  override\r\n",
      "                     the normal precedence of operators.\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2\r\n",
      "                     True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.\r\n",
      "              _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -o\bo _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2\r\n",
      "                     True if either _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 is true.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ evaluate conditional expressions using a set of rules\r\n",
      "              based on the number of arguments.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              0 arguments\r\n",
      "                     The expression is false.\r\n",
      "              1 argument\r\n",
      "                     The expression is true if and only if the argument is not\r\n",
      "                     null.\r\n",
      "              2 arguments\r\n",
      "                     If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and\r\n",
      "                     only if the second argument is null.  If the first  argu-\r\n",
      "                     ment  is  one  of  the unary conditional operators listed\r\n",
      "                     above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS,  the  expression  is\r\n",
      "                     true if the unary test is true.  If the first argument is\r\n",
      "                     not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is\r\n",
      "                     false.\r\n",
      "              3 arguments\r\n",
      "                     The following conditions are applied in the order listed.\r\n",
      "                     If the second argument is one of the  binary  conditional\r\n",
      "                     operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the\r\n",
      "                     result of the expression is the result of the binary test\r\n",
      "                     using  the first and third arguments as operands.  The -\b-a\ba\r\n",
      "                     and -\b-o\bo operators are  considered  binary  operators  when\r\n",
      "                     there  are  three arguments.  If the first argument is !\b!,\r\n",
      "                     the value is the negation of the two-argument test  using\r\n",
      "                     the second and third arguments.  If the first argument is\r\n",
      "                     exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result\r\n",
      "                     is  the one-argument test of the second argument.  Other-\r\n",
      "                     wise, the expression is false.\r\n",
      "              4 arguments\r\n",
      "                     If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of\r\n",
      "                     the  three-argument  expression composed of the remaining\r\n",
      "                     arguments.  Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-\r\n",
      "                     uated  according  to  precedence  using  the rules listed\r\n",
      "                     above.\r\n",
      "              5 or more arguments\r\n",
      "                     The expression  is  parsed  and  evaluated  according  to\r\n",
      "                     precedence using the rules listed above.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              When  used  with  t\bte\bes\bst\bt  or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-\r\n",
      "              graphically using ASCII ordering.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs  Print the accumulated user and system times for  the  shell  and\r\n",
      "              for processes run from the shell.  The return status is 0.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]\r\n",
      "              The  command  _\ba_\br_\bg  is  to  be  read  and executed when the shell\r\n",
      "              receives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc.  If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and  there  is  a\r\n",
      "              single  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc)  or  -\b-,  each  specified signal is reset to its\r\n",
      "              original disposition (the value it  had  upon  entrance  to  the\r\n",
      "              shell).   If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is ignored by the shell and by the commands it  invokes.\r\n",
      "              If  _\ba_\br_\bg  is  not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap\r\n",
      "              commands associated with each  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  are  displayed.   If  no\r\n",
      "              arguments  are  supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the\r\n",
      "              list of commands associated with each  signal.   The  -\b-l\bl  option\r\n",
      "              causes  the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-\r\n",
      "              responding numbers.   Each  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  is  either  a  signal  name\r\n",
      "              defined  in  <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>,  or  a signal number.  Signal names are\r\n",
      "              case insensitive and the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix is optional.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg  is  executed  on  exit\r\n",
      "              from  the shell.  If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-\r\n",
      "              cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br  command,  _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be  command,\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt  command,  every  arithmetic  _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the\r\n",
      "              first command executes in a shell function  (see  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL  G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR\r\n",
      "              above).   Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the\r\n",
      "              s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap.  If a\r\n",
      "              _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell\r\n",
      "              function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-\r\n",
      "              ishes executing.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If  a  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a a\r\n",
      "              pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list,\r\n",
      "              or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to\r\n",
      "              the following conditions.  The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed  if  the\r\n",
      "              failed command is part of the command list immediately following\r\n",
      "              a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an  _\bi_\bf  statement,\r\n",
      "              part of a command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command\r\n",
      "              following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but  the\r\n",
      "              last,  or  if the command's return value is being inverted using\r\n",
      "              !\b!.  These are the same conditions obeyed  by  the  e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt  (-\b-e\be)\r\n",
      "              option.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              Signals  ignored  upon  entry  to the shell cannot be trapped or\r\n",
      "              reset.  Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset  to\r\n",
      "              their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when\r\n",
      "              one is created.  The return status is false if  any  _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc  is\r\n",
      "              invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              With  no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if\r\n",
      "              used as a command name.  If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a\r\n",
      "              string  which  is  one  of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or\r\n",
      "              _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  is  an  alias,  shell  reserved  word,  function,\r\n",
      "              builtin,  or disk file, respectively.  If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,\r\n",
      "              then nothing  is  printed,  and  an  exit  status  of  false  is\r\n",
      "              returned.   If  the  -\b-p\bp  option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the\r\n",
      "              name of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were speci-\r\n",
      "              fied as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not\r\n",
      "              return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be.  The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,\r\n",
      "              even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be.  If a command is\r\n",
      "              hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, which is not necessar-\r\n",
      "              ily  the  file  that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH.  If the -\b-a\ba option is\r\n",
      "              used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints all of the places that contain  an  executable\r\n",
      "              named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.  This includes aliases and functions, if and only if\r\n",
      "              the -\b-p\bp option is not also used.  The table of hashed commands is\r\n",
      "              not  consulted  when  using  -\b-a\ba.  The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell\r\n",
      "              function lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin.  t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true\r\n",
      "              if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bST\bTa\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bil\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bx [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]\r\n",
      "              Provides  control  over the resources available to the shell and\r\n",
      "              to processes started by it, on systems that allow such  control.\r\n",
      "              The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set\r\n",
      "              for the given resource.  A hard limit cannot be increased  by  a\r\n",
      "              non-root  user  once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up\r\n",
      "              to the value of the hard limit.  If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is  speci-\r\n",
      "              fied, both the soft and hard limits are set.  The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt\r\n",
      "              can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of\r\n",
      "              the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the\r\n",
      "              current hard limit,  the  current  soft  limit,  and  no  limit,\r\n",
      "              respectively.   If  _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt  is  omitted, the current value of the\r\n",
      "              soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH  option  is\r\n",
      "              given.  When more than one resource is specified, the limit name\r\n",
      "              and unit are printed before the value.  Other options are inter-\r\n",
      "              preted as follows:\r\n",
      "              -\b-a\ba     All current limits are reported\r\n",
      "              -\b-b\bb     The maximum socket buffer size\r\n",
      "              -\b-c\bc     The maximum size of core files created\r\n",
      "              -\b-d\bd     The maximum size of a process's data segment\r\n",
      "              -\b-e\be     The maximum scheduling priority (\"nice\")\r\n",
      "              -\b-f\bf     The  maximum  size  of files written by the shell and its\r\n",
      "                     children\r\n",
      "              -\b-i\bi     The maximum number of pending signals\r\n",
      "              -\b-l\bl     The maximum size that may be locked into memory\r\n",
      "              -\b-m\bm     The maximum resident set size (many systems do not  honor\r\n",
      "                     this limit)\r\n",
      "              -\b-n\bn     The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems\r\n",
      "                     do not allow this value to be set)\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp     The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)\r\n",
      "              -\b-q\bq     The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues\r\n",
      "              -\b-r\br     The maximum real-time scheduling priority\r\n",
      "              -\b-s\bs     The maximum stack size\r\n",
      "              -\b-t\bt     The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds\r\n",
      "              -\b-u\bu     The maximum number of processes  available  to  a  single\r\n",
      "                     user\r\n",
      "              -\b-v\bv     The  maximum  amount  of  virtual memory available to the\r\n",
      "                     shell and, on some systems, to its children\r\n",
      "              -\b-x\bx     The maximum number of file locks\r\n",
      "              -\b-T\bT     The maximum number of threads\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "              If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, and the -\b-a\ba option is not used, _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt  is  the\r\n",
      "              new  value  of  the  specified resource.  If no option is given,\r\n",
      "              then -\b-f\bf is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments,  except\r\n",
      "              for  -\b-t\bt,  which is in seconds; -\b-p\bp, which is in units of 512-byte\r\n",
      "              blocks; and -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-n\bn, and -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values.   The\r\n",
      "              return  status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is sup-\r\n",
      "              plied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]\r\n",
      "              The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be.  If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with\r\n",
      "              a  digit,  it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is\r\n",
      "              interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted  by\r\n",
      "              _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1).   If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is\r\n",
      "              printed.  The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be  printed  in  sym-\r\n",
      "              bolic  form;  the  default output is an octal number.  If the -\b-p\bp\r\n",
      "              option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form\r\n",
      "              that may be reused as input.  The return status is 0 if the mode\r\n",
      "              was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be  argument  was  supplied,\r\n",
      "              and false otherwise.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              Remove  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  from  the list of defined aliases.  If -\b-a\ba is\r\n",
      "              supplied, all alias definitions are removed.  The  return  value\r\n",
      "              is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [-n\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]\r\n",
      "              For  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,  remove the corresponding variable or function.\r\n",
      "              If the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell variable,\r\n",
      "              and  that  variable  is removed.  Read-only variables may not be\r\n",
      "              unset.  If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to  a  shell  func-\r\n",
      "              tion,  and the function definition is removed.  If the -\b-n\bn option\r\n",
      "              is supplied, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a variable with the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf  attribute,\r\n",
      "              _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  will  be unset rather than the variable it references.  -\b-n\bn\r\n",
      "              has no effect if the -\b-f\bf option is supplied.  If no  options  are\r\n",
      "              supplied,  each  _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a variable; if there is no vari-\r\n",
      "              able by that name, any function with that name is  unset.   Each\r\n",
      "              unset  variable  or  function  is  removed  from the environment\r\n",
      "              passed to subsequent commands.  If any of C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS,  R\bRA\bAN\bN-\b-\r\n",
      "              D\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, or D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK are\r\n",
      "              unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-\r\n",
      "              sequently reset.  The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is read-\r\n",
      "              only.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [-\b-n\bn] [_\bn _\b._\b._\b.]\r\n",
      "              Wait for each specified child process and return its termination\r\n",
      "              status.  Each _\bn may be a process ID or a job specification; if a\r\n",
      "              job spec is given, all processes  in  that  job's  pipeline  are\r\n",
      "              waited  for.  If _\bn is not given, all currently active child pro-\r\n",
      "              cesses are waited for, and the return status is zero.  If the -\b-n\bn\r\n",
      "              option  is  supplied,  w\bwa\bai\bit\bt  waits  for any job to terminate and\r\n",
      "              returns its exit status.  If _\bn specifies a non-existent  process\r\n",
      "              or  job, the return status is 127.  Otherwise, the return status\r\n",
      "              is the exit status of the last process or job waited for.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL\r\n",
      "       If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is started with the name r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh, or the -\b-r\br option is supplied at\r\n",
      "       invocation,  the  shell becomes restricted.  A restricted shell is used\r\n",
      "       to set up an environment more controlled than the standard  shell.   It\r\n",
      "       behaves  identically  to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh with the exception that the following are\r\n",
      "       disallowed or not performed:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      changing directories with c\bcd\bd\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      setting or unsetting the values of S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL, P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, E\bEN\bNV\bV, or B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      specifying command names containing /\b/\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      specifying a filename containing a /\b/ as an  argument  to  the  .\b.\r\n",
      "              builtin command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      specifying  a  filename containing a slash as an argument to the\r\n",
      "              -\b-p\bp option to the h\bha\bas\bsh\bh builtin command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      importing function definitions from  the  shell  environment  at\r\n",
      "              startup\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      parsing  the  value  of  S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS from the shell environment at\r\n",
      "              startup\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect-\r\n",
      "              ion operators\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      using the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command to replace the shell with another\r\n",
      "              command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      adding or deleting builtin commands with the -\b-f\bf and  -\b-d\bd  options\r\n",
      "              to the e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be builtin command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      using  the  e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be  builtin  command  to  enable  disabled shell\r\n",
      "              builtins\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      specifying the -\b-p\bp option to the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin command\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       +\bo      turning off restricted mode with s\bse\bet\bt +\b+r\br or s\bse\bet\bt +\b+o\bo r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-\r\n",
      "       M\bMA\bAN\bND\bD  E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN  above),  r\brb\bba\bas\bsh\bh turns off any restrictions in the shell\r\n",
      "       spawned to execute the script.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO\r\n",
      "       _\bB_\ba_\bs_\bh _\bR_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bM_\ba_\bn_\bu_\ba_\bl, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey\r\n",
      "       _\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey\r\n",
      "       _\bT_\bh_\be _\bG_\bn_\bu _\bH_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by _\bL_\bi_\bb_\br_\ba_\br_\by, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey\r\n",
      "       _\bP_\bo_\br_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bO_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\by_\bs_\bt_\be_\bm _\bI_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bf_\ba_\bc_\be _\b(_\bP_\bO_\bS_\bI_\bX_\b) _\bP_\ba_\br_\bt _\b2_\b:  _\bS_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl  _\ba_\bn_\bd  _\bU_\bt_\bi_\bl_\bi_\b-\r\n",
      "       _\bt_\bi_\be_\bs, IEEE --\r\n",
      "              http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/\r\n",
      "       http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode\r\n",
      "       _\bs_\bh(1), _\bk_\bs_\bh(1), _\bc_\bs_\bh(1)\r\n",
      "       _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs(1), _\bv_\bi(1)\r\n",
      "       _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be(3)\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS\r\n",
      "       _\b/_\bb_\bi_\bn_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh\r\n",
      "              The b\bba\bas\bsh\bh executable\r\n",
      "       _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells\r\n",
      "       _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc\r\n",
      "              The systemwide per-interactive-shell startup file\r\n",
      "       _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b._\bl_\bo_\bg_\bo_\bu_\bt\r\n",
      "              The  systemwide  login shell cleanup file, executed when a login\r\n",
      "              shell exits\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be\r\n",
      "              The personal initialization file, executed for login shells\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc\r\n",
      "              The individual per-interactive-shell startup file\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bl_\bo_\bg_\bo_\bu_\bt\r\n",
      "              The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when  a  login\r\n",
      "              shell exits\r\n",
      "       _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc\r\n",
      "              Individual _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be initialization file\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "A\bAU\bUT\bTH\bHO\bOR\bRS\bS\r\n",
      "       Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation\r\n",
      "       bfox@gnu.org\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University\r\n",
      "       chet.ramey@case.edu\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "B\bBU\bUG\bG R\bRE\bEP\bPO\bOR\bRT\bTS\bS\r\n",
      "       If you find a bug in b\bba\bas\bsh\bh,\b, you should report it.  But first, you should\r\n",
      "       make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears  in  the  latest\r\n",
      "       version   of  b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.   The  latest  version  is  always  available  from\r\n",
      "       _\bf_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bf_\bt_\bp_\b._\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg_\b/_\bp_\bu_\bb_\b/_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b/_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b/.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Once you have determined that a bug actually exists,  use  the  _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg\r\n",
      "       command  to submit a bug report.  If you have a fix, you are encouraged\r\n",
      "       to mail that as well!  Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports  may\r\n",
      "       be  mailed  to  _\bb_\bu_\bg_\b-_\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b@_\bg_\bn_\bu_\b._\bo_\br_\bg  or  posted  to  the  Usenet newsgroup\r\n",
      "       g\bgn\bnu\bu.\b.b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.\b.b\bbu\bug\bg.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       ALL bug reports should include:\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       The version number of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh\r\n",
      "       The hardware and operating system\r\n",
      "       The compiler used to compile\r\n",
      "       A description of the bug behaviour\r\n",
      "       A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       _\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\bb_\bu_\bg inserts the first three items automatically into  the  template\r\n",
      "       it provides for filing a bug report.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed\r\n",
      "       to _\bc_\bh_\be_\bt_\b._\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\by_\b@_\bc_\ba_\bs_\be_\b._\be_\bd_\bu.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "B\bBU\bUG\bGS\bS\r\n",
      "       It's too big and too slow.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There are some subtle differences between b\bba\bas\bsh\bh and traditional versions\r\n",
      "       of s\bsh\bh, mostly because of the P\bPO\bOS\bSI\bIX\bX specification.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Aliases are confusing in some uses.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not\r\n",
      "       handled gracefully  when  process  suspension  is  attempted.   When  a\r\n",
      "       process  is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in\r\n",
      "       the sequence.  It suffices to place the sequence  of  commands  between\r\n",
      "       parentheses  to  force  it  into  a subshell, which may be stopped as a\r\n",
      "       unit.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       Array variables may not (yet) be exported.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "       There may be only one active coprocess at a time.\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "\r\n",
      "GNU Bash 4.3                    2014 February 2                        BASH(1)\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "man bash"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "<a name=\"basharray_resources\"/>\n",
    "# Resources\n",
    "<a href=\"#TOP\"> Go to TOP of page </a>\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide: Chapter 27. Arrays**](http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/arrays.html) by AUTHOR on DATE\n",
    "Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide:\n",
    "Prev\t\n"
   ]
  }
 ],
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