the-to-do-list.md

The To Do list

Now you are going to add the to do list itself to the component app-root. Open the file src/app/app.component.ts. Add the list of items inside the AppComponent class as an array of objects for each item. At this stage, each item only contains a title:

{% code-tabs %} {% code-tabs-item title="src/app/app.component.ts" %}

export class AppComponent {
title = 'app';
todoList = [
  {title: 'install NodeJS'},
  {title: 'install Angular CLI'},
  {title: 'create new app'},
  {title: 'serve app'},
  {title: 'develop app'},
  {title: 'deploy app'},
];

{% endcode-tabs-item %} {% endcode-tabs %}

Putting info (resources) right inside your code is called hardcoding and is considered an especially bad practice. Eventually we'll get the list from an external source, but even if not, it's best to place mock data in their own files. But let's advance step-by-step, so defining items this way is okay for now.

Now you have to tell the browser to display those items. For this, you will use the Angular built-in directive, *ngFor. It works like an enhanced loop in Java. The * notation causes Angular to use the current element as a template when rendering the list.

Insert the loop right after <app-input-button-unit></app-input-button-unit>, this way:

{% code-tabs %} {% code-tabs-item title="src/app/app.component.ts" %}

template: `
  <h1>
    Welcome to {{ title }}!
  </h1>

  <app-input-button-unit></app-input-button-unit>

  <ul>
    <li *ngFor="let todoItem of todoList">
      {{ todoItem.title }}
    </li>
  </ul>
`,

{% endcode-tabs-item %} {% endcode-tabs %}

This means "go over all items of todoList array defined in the class, and print out a list which contains the items' titles". While looping over the todoList, each item is assigned to the template variable todoItem, and we can use this variable inside the element in which we define it (in this case the li element) and its children.

Angular directives

Directives are pieces of logic (written as classes) that can be attached to elements and components. They are used to change the display or the behavior of the element. Angular comes with some built-in directives.

As we saw, the ngFor directive modifies the template at runtime by repeating the element it's called on and its content. Another directive, for example, is ngIf, which receives a Boolean expression. Angular will only render the element and its content if the expression is true. It also needs the * prefix because it uses the target element as a template, similar to the *ngFor directive. For example:

{% code-tabs %} {% code-tabs-item title="code for example" %}

<h1 *ngIf="userLoggedIn">Welcome!</h1>

{% endcode-tabs-item %} {% endcode-tabs %}

In this example, userLoggedIn should be a member of the component, and have a true or false value. If it's true, the h1 element will be displayed. If false, the element will not exist in the DOM.

There are other directives in Angular which are not structural (and are used without the *). For example ngStyle and ngClass, with which you can dynamically apply style and classes to the element.