diff --git a/nipype/interfaces/base/tests/test_resource_monitor.py b/nipype/interfaces/base/tests/test_resource_monitor.py
index 8ecd5269e9..5e2365bd39 100644
--- a/nipype/interfaces/base/tests/test_resource_monitor.py
+++ b/nipype/interfaces/base/tests/test_resource_monitor.py
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ class UseResources(CommandLine):
 
 @pytest.mark.skip(reason="inconsistent readings")
 @pytest.mark.skipif(os.getenv("CI_SKIP_TEST", False), reason="disabled in CI tests")
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(("mem_gb", "n_procs"), [(0.5, 3), (2.2, 8), (0.8, 4), (1.5, 1)])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("mem_gb", "n_procs"), [(0.5, 3), (2.2, 8), (0.8, 4), (1.5, 1)]
+)
 def test_cmdline_profiling(tmpdir, mem_gb, n_procs, use_resource_monitor):
     """
     Test runtime profiler correctly records workflow RAM/CPUs consumption
@@ -80,7 +82,9 @@ def test_cmdline_profiling(tmpdir, mem_gb, n_procs, use_resource_monitor):
 @pytest.mark.skipif(
     True, reason="test disabled temporarily, until function profiling works"
 )
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(("mem_gb", "n_procs"), [(0.5, 3), (2.2, 8), (0.8, 4), (1.5, 1)])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("mem_gb", "n_procs"), [(0.5, 3), (2.2, 8), (0.8, 4), (1.5, 1)]
+)
 def test_function_profiling(tmpdir, mem_gb, n_procs, use_resource_monitor):
     """
     Test runtime profiler correctly records workflow RAM/CPUs consumption
diff --git a/nipype/interfaces/spm/utils.py b/nipype/interfaces/spm/utils.py
index 76944893e1..bc6a06edc6 100644
--- a/nipype/interfaces/spm/utils.py
+++ b/nipype/interfaces/spm/utils.py
@@ -105,22 +105,17 @@ def _make_matlab_command(self, _):
             self.inputs.mat = self._make_mat_file()
         if not isdefined(self.inputs.invmat):
             self.inputs.invmat = self._make_inv_file()
-        script = """
-        target = '{}';
-        moving = '{}';
+        script = f"""
+        target = '{self.inputs.target}';
+        moving = '{self.inputs.moving}';
         targetv = spm_vol(target);
         movingv = spm_vol(moving);
         x = spm_coreg(targetv, movingv);
         M = spm_matrix(x);
-        save('{}' , 'M' );
+        save('{self.inputs.mat}' , 'M' );
         M = inv(M);
-        save('{}','M')
-        """.format(
-            self.inputs.target,
-            self.inputs.moving,
-            self.inputs.mat,
-            self.inputs.invmat,
-        )
+        save('{self.inputs.invmat}','M')
+        """
         return script
 
     def _list_outputs(self):
@@ -166,10 +161,10 @@ def _make_matlab_command(self, _):
         """checks for SPM, generates script"""
         outputs = self._list_outputs()
         self.inputs.out_file = outputs["out_file"]
-        script = """
-        infile = '{}';
-        outfile = '{}'
-        transform = load('{}');
+        script = f"""
+        infile = '{self.inputs.in_file}';
+        outfile = '{self.inputs.out_file}'
+        transform = load('{self.inputs.mat}');
 
         V = spm_vol(infile);
         X = spm_read_vols(V);
@@ -178,11 +173,7 @@ def _make_matlab_command(self, _):
         V.fname = fullfile(outfile);
         spm_write_vol(V,X);
 
-        """.format(
-            self.inputs.in_file,
-            self.inputs.out_file,
-            self.inputs.mat,
-        )
+        """
         # img_space = spm_get_space(infile);
         # spm_get_space(infile, transform.M * img_space);
         return script
diff --git a/nipype/interfaces/workbench/metric.py b/nipype/interfaces/workbench/metric.py
index 07e068e901..50e4300cd5 100644
--- a/nipype/interfaces/workbench/metric.py
+++ b/nipype/interfaces/workbench/metric.py
@@ -149,8 +149,7 @@ def _format_arg(self, opt, spec, val):
         if opt in ["current_area", "new_area"]:
             if not self.inputs.area_surfs and not self.inputs.area_metrics:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "{} was set but neither area_surfs or"
-                    " area_metrics were set".format(opt)
+                    f"{opt} was set but neither area_surfs or area_metrics were set"
                 )
         if opt == "method":
             if (
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/engine/utils.py b/nipype/pipeline/engine/utils.py
index fa785c6bae..ae7c057b5c 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/engine/utils.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/engine/utils.py
@@ -369,13 +369,7 @@ def format_node(node, format="python", include_config=False):
         args = ", ".join(filled_args)
         klass_name = klass.__class__.__name__
         if isinstance(node, MapNode):
-            nodedef = '{} = MapNode({}({}), iterfield={}, name="{}")'.format(
-                name,
-                klass_name,
-                args,
-                node.iterfield,
-                name,
-            )
+            nodedef = f'{name} = MapNode({klass_name}({args}), iterfield={node.iterfield}, name="{name}")'
         else:
             nodedef = f'{name} = Node({klass_name}({args}), name="{name}")'
         lines = [importline, comment, nodedef]
@@ -782,9 +776,7 @@ def _merge_graphs(
         rootnode = list(Gc.nodes())[nodeidx]
         paramstr = ""
         for key, val in sorted(params.items()):
-            paramstr = "{}_{}_{}".format(
-                paramstr, _get_valid_pathstr(key), _get_valid_pathstr(val)
-            )
+            paramstr = f"{paramstr}_{_get_valid_pathstr(key)}_{_get_valid_pathstr(val)}"
             rootnode.set_input(key, val)
 
         logger.debug("Parameterization: paramstr=%s", paramstr)
@@ -916,10 +908,8 @@ def _propagate_internal_output(graph, node, field, connections, portinputs):
                 src_func = src_port[1].split("\\n")[0]
                 dst_func = src[1].split("\\n")[0]
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Does not support two inline functions "
-                    "in series ('{}'  and '{}'), found when "
-                    "connecting {} to {}. Please use a Function "
-                    "node.".format(src_func, dst_func, srcnode, destnode)
+                    f"Does not support two inline functions in series ('{src_func}'  and '{dst_func}'), "
+                    f"found when connecting {srcnode} to {destnode}. Please use a Function node."
                 )
 
             connect = graph.get_edge_data(srcnode, destnode, default={"connect": []})
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/engine/workflows.py b/nipype/pipeline/engine/workflows.py
index 93758b0a13..7bc4faef34 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/engine/workflows.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/engine/workflows.py
@@ -444,8 +444,7 @@ def write_graph(
         if graph2use in ["hierarchical", "colored"]:
             if self.name[:1].isdigit():  # these graphs break if int
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "{} graph failed, workflow name cannot begin "
-                    "with a number".format(graph2use)
+                    f"{graph2use} graph failed, workflow name cannot begin with a number"
                 )
             dotfilename = op.join(base_dir, dotfilename)
             self.write_hierarchical_dotfile(
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/base.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/base.py
index 1571ab71a9..f84dccb039 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/base.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/base.py
@@ -534,11 +534,8 @@ def _get_result(self, taskid):
             results_file = None
             try:
                 error_message = (
-                    "Job id ({}) finished or terminated, but "
-                    "results file does not exist after ({}) "
-                    "seconds. Batch dir contains crashdump file "
-                    "if node raised an exception.\n"
-                    "Node working directory: ({}) ".format(taskid, timeout, node_dir)
+                    f"Job id ({taskid}) finished or terminated, but results file does not exist after ({timeout}) seconds. Batch dir contains crashdump file if node raised an exception.\n"
+                    f"Node working directory: ({node_dir}) "
                 )
                 raise OSError(error_message)
             except OSError:
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/lsf.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/lsf.py
index cf334be051..fea0d4267d 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/lsf.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/lsf.py
@@ -85,11 +85,7 @@ def _submit_batchtask(self, scriptfile, node):
         jobnameitems = jobname.split(".")
         jobnameitems.reverse()
         jobname = ".".join(jobnameitems)
-        cmd.inputs.args = "{} -J {} sh {}".format(
-            bsubargs,
-            jobname,
-            scriptfile,
-        )  # -J job_name_spec
+        cmd.inputs.args = f"{bsubargs} -J {jobname} sh {scriptfile}"  # -J job_name_spec
         logger.debug("bsub " + cmd.inputs.args)
         oldlevel = iflogger.level
         iflogger.setLevel(logging.getLevelName("CRITICAL"))
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sge.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sge.py
index 38079e947d..384f408d46 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sge.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sge.py
@@ -82,9 +82,7 @@ def is_job_state_pending(self):
         time_diff = time.time() - self._job_info_creation_time
         if self.is_zombie():
             sge_debug_print(
-                "DONE! QJobInfo.IsPending found in 'zombie' list, returning False so claiming done!\n{}".format(
-                    self
-                )
+                f"DONE! QJobInfo.IsPending found in 'zombie' list, returning False so claiming done!\n{self}"
             )
             is_pending_status = False  # Job explicitly found as being completed!
         elif self.is_initializing() and (time_diff > 600):
@@ -253,10 +251,7 @@ def _parse_qstat_job_list(self, xml_job_list):
                     self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job].set_state("zombie")
                 else:
                     sge_debug_print(
-                        "ERROR:  Job not in current parselist, "
-                        "and not in done list {}: {}".format(
-                            dictionary_job, self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job]
-                        )
+                        f"ERROR:  Job not in current parselist, and not in done list {dictionary_job}: {self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job]}"
                     )
             if self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job].is_initializing():
                 is_completed = self._qacct_verified_complete(dictionary_job)
@@ -264,10 +259,7 @@ def _parse_qstat_job_list(self, xml_job_list):
                     self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job].set_state("zombie")
                 else:
                     sge_debug_print(
-                        "ERROR:  Job not in still in initialization mode, "
-                        "and not in done list {}: {}".format(
-                            dictionary_job, self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job]
-                        )
+                        f"ERROR:  Job not in still in initialization mode, and not in done list {dictionary_job}: {self._task_dictionary[dictionary_job]}"
                     )
 
     def _run_qstat(self, reason_for_qstat, force_instant=True):
@@ -279,8 +271,7 @@ def _run_qstat(self, reason_for_qstat, force_instant=True):
         -s s suspended jobs
         """
         sge_debug_print(
-            "WARNING:  CONTACTING qmaster for jobs, "
-            "{}: {}".format(time.time(), reason_for_qstat)
+            f"WARNING:  CONTACTING qmaster for jobs, {time.time()}: {reason_for_qstat}"
         )
         if force_instant:
             this_command = self._qstat_instant_executable
@@ -340,8 +331,7 @@ def is_job_pending(self, task_id):
                 job_is_pending = self._task_dictionary[task_id].is_job_state_pending()
             else:
                 sge_debug_print(
-                    "ERROR: Job {} not in task list, "
-                    "even after forced qstat!".format(task_id)
+                    f"ERROR: Job {task_id} not in task list, even after forced qstat!"
                 )
                 job_is_pending = False
         if not job_is_pending:
@@ -352,8 +342,7 @@ def is_job_pending(self, task_id):
                 self._task_dictionary.pop(task_id)
             else:
                 sge_debug_print(
-                    "ERROR: Job {} not in task list, "
-                    "but attempted to be removed!".format(task_id)
+                    f"ERROR: Job {task_id} not in task list, but attempted to be removed!"
                 )
         return job_is_pending
 
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sgegraph.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sgegraph.py
index 3d9e8ac40d..17aa514f85 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sgegraph.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/sgegraph.py
@@ -144,14 +144,7 @@ def make_job_name(jobnumber, nodeslist):
                     stdoutFile = ""
                     if self._qsub_args.count("-o ") == 0:
                         stdoutFile = f"-o {batchscriptoutfile}"
-                    full_line = "{jobNm}=$(qsub {outFileOption} {errFileOption} {extraQSubArgs} {dependantIndex} -N {jobNm} {batchscript} | awk '/^Your job/{{print $3}}')\n".format(
-                        jobNm=jobname,
-                        outFileOption=stdoutFile,
-                        errFileOption=stderrFile,
-                        extraQSubArgs=qsub_args,
-                        dependantIndex=deps,
-                        batchscript=batchscriptfile,
-                    )
+                    full_line = f"{jobname}=$(qsub {stdoutFile} {stderrFile} {qsub_args} {deps} -N {jobname} {batchscriptfile} | awk '/^Your job/{{print $3}}')\n"
                     fp.writelines(full_line)
         cmd = CommandLine(
             "bash",
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/slurmgraph.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/slurmgraph.py
index 0999595f5d..5ed5701acb 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/slurmgraph.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/slurmgraph.py
@@ -144,14 +144,7 @@ def make_job_name(jobnumber, nodeslist):
                     stdoutFile = ""
                     if self._sbatch_args.count("-o ") == 0:
                         stdoutFile = f"-o {batchscriptoutfile}"
-                    full_line = "{jobNm}=$(sbatch {outFileOption} {errFileOption} {extraSBatchArgs} {dependantIndex} -J {jobNm} {batchscript} | awk '/^Submitted/ {{print $4}}')\n".format(
-                        jobNm=jobname,
-                        outFileOption=stdoutFile,
-                        errFileOption=stderrFile,
-                        extraSBatchArgs=sbatch_args,
-                        dependantIndex=deps,
-                        batchscript=batchscriptfile,
-                    )
+                    full_line = f"{jobname}=$(sbatch {stdoutFile} {stderrFile} {sbatch_args} {deps} -J {jobname} {batchscriptfile} | awk '/^Submitted/ {{print $4}}')\n"
                     fp.writelines(full_line)
         cmd = CommandLine(
             "bash",
diff --git a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/tools.py b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/tools.py
index bce3eb82da..ae0082d2ed 100644
--- a/nipype/pipeline/plugins/tools.py
+++ b/nipype/pipeline/plugins/tools.py
@@ -32,12 +32,10 @@ def report_crash(node, traceback=None, hostname=None):
             keepends=True
         )
     except Exception as exc:
-        traceback += """
+        traceback += f"""
 
 During the creation of this crashfile triggered by the above exception,
-another exception occurred:\n\n{}.""".format(
-            exc
-        ).splitlines(
+another exception occurred:\n\n{exc}.""".splitlines(
             keepends=True
         )
     else:
diff --git a/nipype/scripts/utils.py b/nipype/scripts/utils.py
index 77e7231bea..0de305bead 100644
--- a/nipype/scripts/utils.py
+++ b/nipype/scripts/utils.py
@@ -100,10 +100,7 @@ def add_args_options(arg_parser, interface):
 
             if has_multiple_inner_traits:
                 raise NotImplementedError(
-                    "This interface cannot be used. via the"
-                    " command line as multiple inner traits"
-                    " are currently not supported for mandatory"
-                    " argument: {}.".format(name)
+                    f"This interface cannot be used via the command line, as multiple inner traits are currently not supported for mandatory argument: {name}."
                 )
             arg_parser.add_argument(name, help=desc, **args)
         else:
diff --git a/nipype/sphinxext/apidoc/docstring.py b/nipype/sphinxext/apidoc/docstring.py
index cbecc0a5de..33fd0a848f 100644
--- a/nipype/sphinxext/apidoc/docstring.py
+++ b/nipype/sphinxext/apidoc/docstring.py
@@ -138,15 +138,11 @@ def _parse_spec(inputs, name, spec):
         pos = spec.position
         if pos is None:
             desc_lines += [
-                """Maps to a command-line argument: :code:`{arg}`.""".format(
-                    arg=argstr.strip()
-                )
+                f"""Maps to a command-line argument: :code:`{argstr.strip()}`."""
             ]
         else:
             desc_lines += [
-                """Maps to a command-line argument: :code:`{arg}` (position: {pos}).""".format(
-                    arg=argstr.strip(), pos=pos
-                )
+                f"""Maps to a command-line argument: :code:`{argstr.strip()}` (position: {pos})."""
             ]
 
     xor = spec.xor
diff --git a/nipype/utils/filemanip.py b/nipype/utils/filemanip.py
index 568ba28ae2..2fd41d77a1 100644
--- a/nipype/utils/filemanip.py
+++ b/nipype/utils/filemanip.py
@@ -588,11 +588,7 @@ def loadpkl(infile):
         fmlogger.debug(f"'{infile}' missing; waiting 2s")
         sleep(2)
     if timed_out:
-        error_message = (
-            "Result file {} expected, but "
-            "does not exist after ({}) "
-            "seconds.".format(infile, timeout)
-        )
+        error_message = f"Result file {infile} expected, but does not exist after {timeout} seconds."
         raise OSError(error_message)
 
     with pklopen(str(infile), "rb") as pkl_file:
diff --git a/nipype/utils/tests/test_filemanip.py b/nipype/utils/tests/test_filemanip.py
index 11eb7b3d07..895fef2d1e 100644
--- a/nipype/utils/tests/test_filemanip.py
+++ b/nipype/utils/tests/test_filemanip.py
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ def test_recopy(_temp_analyze_files):
                 img_stat = _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_img))
                 hdr_stat = _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_hdr))
                 copyfile(orig_img, new_img, **kwargs)
-                err_msg = "Regular - OS: {}; Copy: {}; Hardlink: {}".format(
-                    os.name, copy, use_hardlink
+                err_msg = (
+                    f"Regular - OS: {os.name}; Copy: {copy}; Hardlink: {use_hardlink}"
                 )
                 assert img_stat == _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_img)), err_msg
                 assert hdr_stat == _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_hdr)), err_msg
@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ def test_recopy(_temp_analyze_files):
                 img_stat = _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_img))
                 hdr_stat = _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_hdr))
                 copyfile(img_link, new_img, **kwargs)
-                err_msg = "Symlink - OS: {}; Copy: {}; Hardlink: {}".format(
-                    os.name, copy, use_hardlink
+                err_msg = (
+                    f"Symlink - OS: {os.name}; Copy: {copy}; Hardlink: {use_hardlink}"
                 )
                 assert img_stat == _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_img)), err_msg
                 assert hdr_stat == _ignore_atime(os.stat(new_hdr)), err_msg
diff --git a/tools/checkspecs.py b/tools/checkspecs.py
index a3a3d1e88c..11dcb32671 100644
--- a/tools/checkspecs.py
+++ b/tools/checkspecs.py
@@ -257,10 +257,7 @@ def test_specs(self, uri):
                     for key, value in sorted(trait.__dict__.items()):
                         if key in in_built or key == "desc":
                             continue
-                        input_fields += "{}={},\n    ".format(
-                            key,
-                            self._normalize_repr(value),
-                        )
+                        input_fields += f"{key}={self._normalize_repr(value)},\n    "
                     input_fields += "),\n    "
                 cmd += ["    input_map = dict(%s)" % input_fields]
                 cmd += ["    inputs = %s.input_spec()" % c]
@@ -348,10 +345,7 @@ def test_specs(self, uri):
                     for key, value in sorted(trait.__dict__.items()):
                         if key in in_built or key == "desc":
                             continue
-                        input_fields += "{}={},\n    ".format(
-                            key,
-                            self._normalize_repr(value),
-                        )
+                        input_fields += f"{key}={self._normalize_repr(value)},\n    "
                     input_fields += "),\n    "
                 cmd += ["    output_map = dict(%s)" % input_fields]
                 cmd += ["    outputs = %s.output_spec()" % c]