- Basics of Computer Science
- Principles of Operating System
- Data Structures and Algorithms
- Computer Architecture
- Networking Basics
- Common Design Patterns
- Proficiency in C/C++
- Understanding Assembly Language
- Basics of Python scripting
- Understanding of Shell scripting
- Real -time Java
Embedded Software Design
- Embedded Software Implementation
- Debugging Techniques
- Performance Optimization
- Memory Management
- Unit Testing
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Microcontroller Basics
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Digital and Analog Interfaces
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Circuit Schematics
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Debugging Hardware
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Power Management
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Real -time Clocks
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Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS)
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Linux System Administration
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Linux Device Drivers
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Knowledge of VXWorks, QNX, Integrity ## Networking and Protocols
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TCP/IP and UDP
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Serial Communication Protocols- Wireless Networking
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IoT Protocols
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Bluetooth and Zigbee ## Safety and Security in Embedded Systems- Secure Coding
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Safety Standards (IEC 61508)
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Security Protocols
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Device Hardening
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Computer Forensics ## Understanding Electronics
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Basic Electrical engineering
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Digital & Analog Circuit
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Sensors and Actuators
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Power Electronics
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Basics of IoT
- Writing Firmware in C/C++
- Building Custom Firmware
- Firmware Testing and Debugging
- Flashing and Updating Firmware
- Integrated Development Environment (IDE)- Simulator and Emulator
- Version Control System (like Git)
- Build Tools (like Make)
- VHDL
- Verilog
- SystemVerilog
- General coding guidelines for HDL
- FPGA programming
- DSP Programming
- Machine learning for edge devices
- AI in embedded system
- Basics of Robotics