fix: Allow broadcasting in ranges

[stinodego]

Closes #11892

Also changes the way capacity is allocated for int_ranges.

[ritchie46]

Instead of broadcasting the input arrays and increasing memory, can we add branches where we resolve the broadcasting optimally. This is how we deal with broadcasting in most places and makes it most efficient.

You can do that quite elegantly by creating a function that accepts two different iterators. Where for the broadcasting branches one iterator is the iterator over the array and the other is tstd::iter::repeat.

[stinodego]

Right, I just stole the existing logic from int_ranges, but indeed I have seen the logic you describe elsewhere. I'll see if I can implement it the way you describe!

[ritchie46]

Any news on this one?

[stinodego]

I removed this pass and set a default capacity of 5 times the length of the column, similar to the other ranges functions. If this capacity calculation must be preserved, I have to make some adjustments as it relied on fully materializing start/end.

[ritchie46]

Almost there. :)

[ritchie46]

Nice one @stinodego. It looks great and nice that we are optimal now in all branches. :)