-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 1
/
Copy path1b-capacity-building.html
1464 lines (1463 loc) · 84.1 KB
/
1b-capacity-building.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<!--<meta name=description content="This site was generated with Anima. www.animaapp.com"/>-->
<!-- <link rel="shortcut icon" type=image/png href="https://animaproject.s3.amazonaws.com/home/favicon.png" /> -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="https://animaproject.s3.amazonaws.com/home/favicon.png" />
<meta name="og:type" content="website" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="photo" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/1b-capacity-building-u40mobileu41-all-breakpoints.css" />
<style></style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/styleguide.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/globals.css" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://brand.publiccode.net/logo/mark-128w128h.png">
<script async defer data-domain="publiccode.net" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script>
</head>
<body style="margin: 0; background: #ffffff">
<input type="hidden" id="anPageName" name="page" value="1b-capacity-building-u40mobileu41-all-breakpoints" />
<div class="x1b-capacity-building-u40mobileu41-all-breakpoints screen">
<div class="header-mobile-3RDm72">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/" target="_blank">
<div class="logo-title-CwmEAi logo-title">
<img class="logo-symbol-rMic6m logo-symbol" src="img/logo-symbol-10@2x.png" alt="logo symbol" />
<div class="foundation-for-public-code-rMic6m valign-text-middle foundation-for-public-code">
Foundation for Public Code
</div>
</div></a
>
<div class="navigation-CwmEAi">
<div class="links-OHRhBM links">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/codebase-stewardship/" target="_blank"
><div class="stewardship-YikWZv mulish-normal-black-15px">Stewardship</div> </a
><a href="https://projects.publiccode.net/" target="_blank"
><div class="resources-YikWZv mulish-normal-black-15px">Resources</div> </a
><a href="https://publiccode.net/team/" target="_blank"
><div class="who-we-are-YikWZv mulish-normal-black-15px">Who we are</div> </a
><a href="https://about.publiccode.net/CONTRIBUTING.html" target="_blank"
><div class="join-us-YikWZv mulish-normal-black-15px">Join us</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="services-OHRhBM">
<a href="https://floss.social/@publiccode" target="_blank"
><img class="mastodon-iazixz" src="img/mastodon-6@2x.png" alt="Mastodon" /> </a
><a href="https://twitter.com/publiccodenet" target="_blank"
><img class="twitter-iazixz" src="img/twitter-6@2x.png" alt="Twitter" /> </a
><a href="https://github.com/publiccodenet/" target="_blank"
><img class="github-iazixz" src="img/github-6@2x.png" alt="Github" />
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="main-3RDm72">
<h1 class="title-s16vf9 title titlepage">Process code for software procurement</h1>
<div class="body-s16vf9">
<div class="content-Qjb5au content">
<div class="intro-4NsJrc">
<div class="titlepage-xCA8Kw"><div class="page-title-bLDtGy titlepage">1b. Capacity-building</div></div>
<div class="content-xCA8Kw content">
<p class="this-section-will-help-you-PKdGct mulish-bold-black-16px">This section will help you:</p>
<div class="cluster-PKdGct cluster">
<div class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-ldCfwz icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-9@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="align-departments-an-ldCfwz detail">Align departments and facilitate collaboration</p>
</div>
<div class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-sxJheE icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-9@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="share-basic-knowledg-sxJheE detail">
Share basic knowledge of software procurement and development
</p>
</div>
<div class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-xgkUAH icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-9@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="prioritize-a-new-role-the-product-owner-xgkUAH detail">
Prioritize a new role: the Product Owner
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenges-4NsJrc">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Common challenges</div></div>
<div class="cluster-WvY5l9 cluster">
<p class="you-may-encounter-th-q9Kb0w body">
<span class="span0-gSeGsy body"
>You may encounter these frictions as you do the work of capacity building. These are challenges the </span
><span class="span1-gSeGsy bodylink">Recommended actions</span
><span class="span2-gSeGsy body">
are designed to solve, or that may arise as you take those actions.
</span>
</p>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-9@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-qssYLy content">
<div class="title-yES4YI title mulish-bold-black-16px">Departmental silos</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Software procurement falls between existing siloed business units. It should include, for example,
legal, IT, end users, budgeting and procurement professionals. Who owns the process? Transitioning
to cross-departmental protocols and standards requires process change management that is
independent of the implicated departments.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-9@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-54LU6A content">
<p class="title-oEHntb title mulish-bold-black-16px">Inadequate or obsolete job descriptions</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
There is no formal role or job description for a product owner—particularly one focused on
software—in the public sector. It is often the case that an individual champion will take on the
responsibility of managing software projects “off the side of their desk,” which can lead to
burnout or lost knowledge if that person leaves.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-9@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-h3ejt8 content">
<div class="title-pxqNXf title mulish-bold-black-16px">Insufficient time</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Staff who could learn from and contribute to ongoing conversations about procurement process
reform do not have the time to attend workshops and contribute, in addition to their daily job
requirements.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-9@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-8Mkwlf content">
<p class="title-eiryT1 title mulish-bold-black-16px">
Divergent or conflicting departmental agendas
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
These cause misalignment in priorities and friction before and during the software procurement and
development process—particularly when it comes to the details of scoping features or budgeting.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="actions-4NsJrc">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Recommended actions</div></div>
<div class="cluster-dVjhNF cluster">
<p class="x1-training-and-desig-xLdtm6 titlesubsection">1. Training and designating product owners</p>
<p class="the-central-figure-i-xLdtm6 body">
<span class="span0-5D51Yz body"
>The central figure in an effective software procurement is the product owner </span
><span class="span1-5D51Yz mulish-normal-black-16px"
>(also known as a project manager or business analyst)</span
><span class="span2-5D51Yz body"
>. This person shepherds the procurement process. They will be working across and independently from
existing business units. They embed with a department (end users) and bring back specific
requirements. They have analytical and design thinking skills.</span
>
</p>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-15@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-guBLiE content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-AG3g1x an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Hire (or designate and train) product owners
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Especially in a small administration, this might not be a full time job. In that case, the product
owner might be an IT professional, for example, but take on the role of managing a procurement
process, from orientation to maintenance.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="guidelinessolo-dVjhNF">
<div class="title-Jl5oUp title">
<img class="iconguidelines-PrIwox" src="img/icon-guidelines-7@2x.png" alt="icon.guidelines" />
<div class="guidelines-PrIwox mulish-bold-black-16px">Attracting talent</div>
<img class="arrowdown-PrIwox" src="img/arrow-down-7@2x.png" alt="arrow.down" />
</div>
<div class="flex-container-i1371180172117085-Jl5oUp">
<div class="text0-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span0-SYPH8q detail"
>Technical staffing is one of the greatest perceived barriers to open source adoption. Few
government organizations have full-time staff </span
><span class="span1-SYPH8q mulish-normal-black-14px">(at leadership and implementation levels)</span
><span class="span2-SYPH8q detail">
with the skills and knowledge to procure, build, and maintain software. As a result, governments
rely on vendors, often leading to vendor lock-in, ballooning costs and hidden fees, and loss of
control over functionalities, updates and compliance.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text1-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span3-mLJCrb titlesubsection-p"
>However, hiring and retaining talented IT professionals is easier in an organization that is open
source first:<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text2-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span4-1VZJqd detail"
>Open source software is widely used by companies, from development to production. That means
talent focus on developing capacity to use it, and seek opportunities to enhance their working
knowledge for career advancement.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text3-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span5-U1ByB8 detail"
>By contributing to open source software projects, individuals become part of a public “network of
trust” and add to their resumes.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text4-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span6-yxroeG detail"
>Many people report that working with open source software improves their job satisfaction because
they are contributing to a massive community project </span
><span class="span7-yxroeG mulish-normal-black-14px"
>(source code fixes, bug reports, documentation updates, etc)</span
><span class="span8-yxroeG detail">.<br /></span>
</div>
<div class="text5-i1371180172117085-7iB6ni detail">
<span class="span9-xxIseP detail"
>Open source software provides learning opportunities, because contributors have access to
“everything running under the hood” and can learn from more experienced developers.</span
>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cluster-kby97E cluster">
<p class="x2-building-familiari-JX2Gfx titlesubsection">
2. Building familiarity with software and procurement
</p>
<p class="champions-of-procure-JX2Gfx body">
Champions of procurement innovation and software are key central figures that help their colleagues
become familiar with new ideas. They ensure that everyone involved is able to ask the right questions,
identify the right outcomes, and have a basic knowledge of the fundamental principles of modern
software design.
</p>
<div class="action">
<div class="iconknowledge-CKeYCC">
<div class="bulb-Ef6mmH">
<img class="union-dLTDJT" src="img/union-37@2x.png" alt="Union" />
<img class="group-194-dLTDJT" src="img/group-194-9@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
<img class="line-48-dLTDJT" src="img/line-48-9@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="content-CKeYCC content">
<p class="a-knowledge-acquisit-EUHmdU mulish-bold-black-16px">
Read through this guide, and the additional resources in sections you are responsible for
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
If you are the product owner or procurement innovation lead, you should be an expert in the
process, and answer questions for others.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-c9IHxq content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-3UrAzq an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Designate a procurement innovation lead
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
This person is passionate about procurement. They can lead workshops, answer questions, and work
closely with specific departments on how they can support new approaches to procurement.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-onz58I content">
<div
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-EbDrUL an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Review past software procurements
</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Ask how have they been successful, and what could have been better. Don’t speculate—actually ask
users who use that product or who were involved in procuring it.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cluster-fz6gtr cluster">
<p class="x3-reaching-out-to-in-Rsn5z6 titlesubsection">
3. Reaching out to individuals and departments
</p>
<p class="several-individuals-Rsn5z6 body">
Several individuals, departments and agencies need to build or adapt their existing norms and
processes in order to effectively support software procurement. That will mean building new skills,
shifting day to day tasks, and creating new processes and templates. Procurement should involve:
digital or IT; any number of direct service delivery departments (for example traffic and parking);
procurement; budgeting or accounting; and legal.
</p>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-HMRDI4 content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-3WjSLe an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Reach out to individuals in a variety of business units, especially those who have been involved
with procurement in the past
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Discuss some of the key ideas in this guide, and show them how future software procurement
processes can support their own objectives.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cluster-Nx3n3Z cluster">
<p class="x4-hosting-workshops-sWnFKl titlesubsection">4. Hosting workshops and finding champions</p>
<p class="a-great-way-to-reach-sWnFKl body">
A great way to reach out to many individuals across different departments is to host a workshop or
lunch-and-learn session. Here, you can share the basics of procurement and software development.
Demystify the process, answer questions, and debunk preconceptions. Emphasize the primary
objective—acquiring better products and services—and the positive outcomes that can arise from
reconfiguring procurement—simplicity, efficiency, and creative solution development.
</p>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-6zxbjQ content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-lx4R63 an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Host regular, city-wide workshops about the basics of procurement
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Consider also hosting smaller workshops that are tailored to specific departments.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-hxgRbU content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-mb1LBC an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Share your slide deck, and create printed or digital materials
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Share these across the organization so that people have material to refer to.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action-16@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-VP3nED content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-7TnDJB an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Host regular “open office hours” for current, past, and potential vendors
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
These are dedicated times for anyone to drop in, ask questions, and share ideas. City staff should
be available and ready to meet with visitors. These are opportunities for city staff to learn how
vendors work and what their goals are—and share the city government’s processes and goals.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="outcomes-4NsJrc">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Takeaways</div></div>
<div class="content-nbS460 content">
<p class="create-or-complete-t-t466uj body">
Create or complete the following outputs before moving on to the next step.
</p>
<div class="goals-t466uj">
<div class="outcome">
<div class="icongoal-pdy1WO icongoal">
<div class="v2">
<img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-12@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
<img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2-9@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
</div>
</div>
<p class="one-or-more-designat-pdy1WO mulish-bold-royal-blue-16px">
One or more designated and trained product owners and a procurement innovation lead
</p>
</div>
<div class="outcome">
<div class="icongoal-HIpCey icongoal">
<div class="v2">
<img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-12@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
<img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2-9@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
</div>
</div>
<p class="a-calendar-of-regula-HIpCey mulish-bold-royal-blue-16px">
A calendar of regular multi-departmental workshops and supporting materials about procurement
innovation
</p>
</div>
<div class="outcome">
<div class="icongoal-0BJ5xc icongoal">
<div class="v2">
<img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-12@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
<img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2-9@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
</div>
</div>
<p class="basic-familiarity-wi-0BJ5xc mulish-bold-royal-blue-16px">
Basic familiarity with software development methods across the organization
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="references-4NsJrc">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Further reading</div></div>
<div class="frame-140-WLSEQY">
<article class="reference">
<div class="number"><div class="x1 body">1.</div></div>
<div class="content-wl2ZUW content">
<div class="frame-163"><p class="source-name subtext">Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat</p></div>
<a
href="https://www.canada.ca/en/government/system/digital-government/digital-government- innovations/open-source-software/open-first-whitepaper.html"
target="_blank"
><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Open First Whitepaper</div>
</a>
</div>
</article>
<article class="reference">
<div class="number"><div class="x1 body">2.</div></div>
<div class="content-2XPb3H content">
<div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">18F</div></div>
<a href="https://derisking-guide.18f.gov/state-field-guide/" target="_blank"
><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
De-risking guide: State Software Budgeting Handbook
</p>
</a>
<p class="you-should-read-this mulish-normal-black-13px">
Guidance for delivering successful custom technology projects in government
</p>
</div>
</article>
<article class="reference">
<div class="number"><div class="x1 body">3.</div></div>
<div class="content-NTSMkF content">
<div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">18F</div></div>
<a href="https://18f.gsa.gov/2017/09/18/a-day-in-the-life-of-an-18f-product-owner/" target="_blank"
><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
A day in the life of an 18F product owner
</p>
</a>
<p class="you-should-read-this mulish-normal-black-13px">
The importance of having a product owner in government
</p>
</div>
</article>
<article class="reference">
<div class="number"><div class="x1 body">4.</div></div>
<div class="content-9OXm1E content">
<div class="frame-163">
<p class="source-name subtext">Teaching Public Service in the Digital Age</p>
</div>
<a href="https://www.teachingpublicservice.digital/en/competencies" target="_blank"
><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">The Digital Era Competencies</div>
</a>
<p class="you-should-read-this mulish-normal-black-13px">
The Digital Era Competencies are baseline skills that all public service leaders should have,
regardless of their other capabilities or their role.
</p>
</div>
</article>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-nav-4NsJrc">
<a href="1a-getting-oriented.html">
<div class="navfooterprev-v02-6gJfFj">
<img class="arrow-feJZKq arrow" src="img/arrow-8@2x.png" alt="arrow" />
<div class="title-feJZKq title mulish-bold-white-16px">1a. Getting oriented</div>
</div></a
><a href="1c-discovery-research-and-problem-statement.html">
<div class="navfooternext-v02-6gJfFj">
<div class="title-8fIBLC title mulish-bold-white-16px">1c. Discovery research</div>
<img class="arrow-8fIBLC arrow" src="img/arrow-9@2x.png" alt="Arrow" /></div
></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navsidebarexpanded-Qjb5au">
<article class="navmainv3-xTPPme navmainv3">
<div class="section-title">
<div class="x1-section-name-UIIcaI x1-section-name titlesection-p">1. Orientation</div>
</div>
<div class="subsections">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-bs2T2r navsubsectionv2">
<div class="capacity-building body">a. Welcome!</div>
</article>
<a href="1b-capacity-building.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-gAGxmu navsubsectionv2">
<div class="capacity-building body">b. Capacity-building</div>
</article></a
><a href="1c-discovery-research-and-problem-statement.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-xlhUxN navsubsectionv2">
<div class="c-subsection-name body">c. Discovery research</div>
</article></a
><a href="1d-market-research.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-xnIcoS navsubsectionv2">
<div class="d-subsection-name body">d. Market research</div>
</article></a
><a href="1e-strategic-analysis.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-m74UyC navsubsectionv2">
<div class="e-subsection-name-NeXn7x body">e. Strategic analysis</div>
</article></a
>
</div>
</article>
<article class="navmainv3-t1nj4z navmainv3">
<div class="section-title">
<div class="x1-section-name-xVOuGP x1-section-name titlesection-p">2. Planning</div>
</div>
<div class="subsections">
<a href="2a-planning-phase-introduction.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-ID11WE navsubsectionv2">
<div class="capacity-building body">a. Planning phase</div>
</article></a
><a href="2b-modularization.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-eX5Zt8 navsubsectionv2">
<div class="b-subsection-name body">b. Modularization</div>
</article></a
><a href="2c-rfp-writing.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-gdLpEz navsubsectionv2">
<div class="c-subsection-name body">c. RFP writing</div>
</article></a
>
</div>
</article>
<article class="navmainv3-pDospF navmainv3">
<div class="section-title">
<div class="x1-section-name-2m6fhd x1-section-name titlesection-p">3. Assessment</div>
</div>
<div class="subsections">
<a href="3a-assessment-phase.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-NmRxJH navsubsectionv2">
<div class="capacity-building body">a. Assessment phase</div>
</article></a
><a href="3b-vendor-interactions.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-dUEckM navsubsectionv2">
<div class="b-subsection-name body">b. Vendor interactions</div>
</article></a
><a href="3c-bid-evaluation.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-zsGq57 navsubsectionv2">
<div class="c-subsection-name body">c. Bid evaluation</div>
</article></a
><a href="3d-contracting.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-tvr5f9 navsubsectionv2">
<div class="d-subsection-name body"><span class="span0-qeuxeJ body">d. Contracting</span></div>
</article></a
>
</div>
</article>
<article class="navmainv3-8QtgNR navmainv3">
<div class="section-title">
<div class="x1-section-name-gD86YP x1-section-name titlesection-p">4. Implementation</div>
</div>
<div class="subsections">
<a href="4a-implementation-phase.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-F2UvE6 navsubsectionv2">
<div class="capacity-building body">a. Implementation phase</div>
</article></a
><a href="4b-agile-development.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-dCGGWl navsubsectionv2">
<div class="b-subsection-name body">b. Agile development</div>
</article></a
><a href="4c-integration.html">
<article class="navsubsectionv2-5YTTJx navsubsectionv2">
<div class="c-subsection-name body">c. Integration</div>
</article></a
>
</div>
</article>
</div>
<div class="sidebarv2-Qjb5au">
<div class="sidebarbottom-nKxh3x">
<div class="have-a-question-u5yTrq have-a-question">
<div class="have-a-question-tXFQEB have-a-question titlesection-p">Have a question?</div>
<a href="mailto:info@publiccode.net" target="_blank"
><div class="email-us-tXFQEB mulish-semi-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Email us</div>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="footer-3RDm72">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/" target="_blank">
<div class="logo-title-euxxYC logo-title">
<img class="logo-symbol-R1ZgD2 logo-symbol" src="img/logo-symbol-18@2x.png" alt="logo symbol" />
<div class="foundation-for-public-code-R1ZgD2 valign-text-middle foundation-for-public-code">
Foundation for Public Code
</div>
</div></a
>
<div class="block-trio-euxxYC">
<div class="about-us-ZVRpBq about-us">
<div class="content-UdmvBF content">
<div class="about-us-ngU0fx about-us mulish-bold-black-22px">About us</div>
<div class="flex-container-i137118056137118702-ngU0fx">
<div class="text0-i137118056137118702-Qo2t2d body">
<span class="span0-1D6dWM body"
>All of our staff information, decision-making rules and processes. Our staff manual is developed
collaboratively with the community and can be reused by everyone.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text1-i137118056137118702-Qo2t2d body">
<span class="span1-mgFB8C body"
>Read more about our activities, organization, and the glossary of terms and concepts.</span
>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="links-UdmvBF links">
<a href="https://about.publiccode.net/" target="_blank"
><p class="how-we-work-HbNlR3 mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">How we work ></p>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="project-resources-ZVRpBq project-resources">
<div class="content-lPCDoB content">
<div class="project-resources-xg99gk project-resources mulish-bold-black-22px">Project resources</div>
<p class="open-products-were-r-xg99gk body">
Open products we're researching or developing to further our mission. We rely on these resources for
our everyday work. You can, too!
</p>
</div>
<div class="links-lPCDoB links">
<a href="https://projects.publiccode.net/" target="_blank"
><p class="free-to-use-and-modify-anVdgb mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
Free to use and modify >
</p> </a
><a href="https://github.com/publiccodenet" target="_blank"
><p class="see-all-our-work-on-git-hub-anVdgb mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
See all our work on GitHub >
</p>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="careers-ZVRpBq careers">
<div class="content-nKU2Wt content">
<div class="careers-x0PBdA careers mulish-bold-black-22px">Careers</div>
<p class="calling-all-publicly-x0PBdA body">
Calling all publicly minded open source people! Find out about working with us, and join our staff.
</p>
</div>
<div class="links-nKU2Wt links">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/careers/" target="_blank"
><div class="open-positions-4uxs8c mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Open positions ></div>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="information-euxxYC">
<div class="contact-j4POiI contact">
<div class="contact-k1lAHy contact mulish-bold-black-22px">Contact</div>
<div class="contact-info-k1lAHy">
<div class="newsletter-ETGYxa newsletter">
<div class="newsletter-k8UPkc newsletter body">Newsletter:</div>
<a href="https://odoo.publiccode.net/survey/start/594b9243-c7e5-4bc1-8714-35137c971842" target="_blank"
><div class="join-our-mailing-list-k8UPkc body">Join our mailing list</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="phone-ETGYxa phone">
<div class="phone-1aaR0c phone body">Phone:</div>
<a href="tel:+31202444500" target="_blank"
><p class="x31-20-2-444-500-1aaR0c body">+31 20 2 444 500</p>
</a>
</div>
<div class="email-ETGYxa email">
<div class="email-qwuG8F email body">Email:</div>
<a href="mailto:info@publiccode.net" target="_blank"
><div class="infopubliccodenet-qwuG8F body">info@publiccode.net</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="address-ETGYxa address">
<div class="address-lxO5oM address body">Address:</div>
<div class="content-lxO5oM content">
<p class="keizersgracht-617-10-Sc9ypF body">Keizersgracht 617, 1017 DS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</p>
<div class="links-Sc9ypF links">
<a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2736377676" target="_blank"
><div class="open-street-map-7VU68f body">OpenStreetMap</div>
</a>
<div class="x-7VU68f body">|</div>
<a
href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Keizersgracht+617,+1017+DS+Amsterdam,+Netherlands"
target="_blank"
><div class="google-7VU68f body">Google</div>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="organization-j4POiI">
<div class="notes-6ilOSI">
<div class="organizational-notes-MdtBhf mulish-bold-black-22px">Organizational notes</div>
<div class="flex-container-i137118056137118742-MdtBhf">
<div class="text0-i137118056137118742-QfTxLx body">
<span class="span0-ekfPdp body"
>Foundation for Public Code vereniging (met volledige rechtsbevoegdheid) </span
><a href="https://about.publiccode.net/organization/governance-model.html" target="_blank"
><span class="span1-ekfPdp body">is a member owned association</span></a
><span class="span2-ekfPdp body"> registered under </span
><a href="https://www.kvk.nl/orderstraat/product-kiezen/?kvknummer=74996452" target="_blank"
><span class="span3-ekfPdp body">chamber of commerce (KvK) registration 74996452</span></a
><span class="span4-ekfPdp body"> and with identification number (RSIN) 860102294.<br /></span>
</div>
<div class="text1-i137118056137118742-QfTxLx body">
<span class="span5-BW62bx body">We're recognized as a </span
><a
href="https://www.belastingdienst.nl/wps/wcm/connect/bldcontenten/belastingdienst/business/business-public-benefit-organisations/public_benefit_organisations/what_is_pbo/what_is_a_pbo"
target="_blank"
><span class="span6-BW62bx body">public benefit organization (ANBI)</span></a
><span class="span7-BW62bx body"> by the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration. See </span
><a href="https://about.publiccode.net/organization/" target="_blank"
><span class="span8-BW62bx body">our ANBI information</span></a
><span class="span9-BW62bx body">.</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="metadata-6ilOSI">
<div class="updated-JkS7AU">
<img class="iconupdated-RBWdIT" src="img/icon-updated-8@2x.png" alt="icon.updated" />
<p class="last-updated-22-august-2023-RBWdIT body">Last updated 22 August 2023</p>
</div>
<div class="copyright-JkS7AU">
<div class="text_label-TPCqqe mulish-semi-bold-black-20px">©</div>
<p class="x2023-foundation-for-public-code-TPCqqe body">
<span class="span0-TvGEr5 body">2023 </span
><span class="span1-TvGEr5 body">Foundation for Public Code</span>
</p>
</div>
<div class="license-JkS7AU">
<img class="iconlicense-JdppqK" src="img/icon-license-8@2x.png" alt="icon.license" />
<p class="creative-commons-zero-v10-universal-JdppqK body">Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<div class="x1b-capacity-building screen">
<header class="header-7TAmGf">
<div class="content-Tafqqf content">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/" target="_blank">
<div class="logo-title-m43uSM logo-title">
<img class="logo-symbol" src="img/logo-symbol@2x.png" alt="logo symbol" />
<div class="foundation-for-public-code valign-text-middle mulish-bold-black-27px">
Foundation for Public Code
</div>
</div></a
>
<div class="navigation-m43uSM">
<div class="links-hxzqaB links">
<a href="https://publiccode.net/codebase-stewardship/" target="_blank"
><div class="stewardship-oXR8c5 mulish-normal-black-15px">Codebases</div> </a
><a href="https://projects.publiccode.net/" target="_blank"
><div class="resources-oXR8c5 mulish-normal-black-15px">Resources</div> </a
><a href="https://publiccode.net/team/" target="_blank"
><div class="who-we-are-oXR8c5 mulish-normal-black-15px">Who we are</div> </a
><a href="https://about.publiccode.net/CONTRIBUTING.html" target="_blank"
><div class="join-us-oXR8c5 mulish-normal-black-15px">Join us</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="services-hxzqaB">
<a href="https://floss.social/@publiccode" target="_blank"
><img class="mastodon-pQF7g2" src="img/mastodon-9@2x.png" alt="Mastodon" /> </a
><a href="https://twitter.com/publiccodenet" target="_blank"
><img class="twitter-pQF7g2" src="img/twitter-9@2x.png" alt="Twitter" /> </a
><a href="https://github.com/publiccodenet/" target="_blank"
><img class="github-pQF7g2" src="img/github-9@2x.png" alt="Github" />
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="main-7TAmGf">
<h1 class="title-AkDhAW title titlepage">Process code for software procurement</h1>
<div class="body-AkDhAW">
<div class="content-ActYyF content">
<div class="intro-VMxXXP">
<div class="titlepage-8wlmJP"><div class="page-title-4xPxht titlepage">1b. Capacity-building</div></div>
<div class="content-8wlmJP content">
<p class="this-section-will-help-you-Iaf2FU mulish-bold-black-16px">This section will help you:</p>
<div class="cluster-Iaf2FU cluster">
<article class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-dHe7Of icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-12@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">
Align departments and <br />facilitate collaboration
</p>
</article>
<article class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-xXP9sa icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-12@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">
Share basic knowledge of software procurement and development
</p>
</article>
<article class="goal">
<img class="icongoal-vi2VZx icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-12@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
<p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">
Prioritize a new role: <br />the Product Owner
</p>
</article>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenges-VMxXXP">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Common challenges</div></div>
<div class="cluster-d2luSu cluster">
<p class="you-may-encounter-th-I5cN5P body">
<span class="span0-yCoEJG body"
>You may encounter these frictions as you do the work of capacity building. These are challenges the </span
><span class="span1-yCoEJG bodylink">Recommended actions</span
><span class="span2-yCoEJG body">
are designed to solve, or that may arise as you take those actions.
</span>
</p>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-13@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-5291AU content">
<div class="title-fVB72m title mulish-bold-black-16px">Departmental silos</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Software procurement falls between existing siloed business units. It should include, for example,
legal, IT, end users, budgeting and procurement professionals. Who owns the process? Transitioning
to cross-departmental protocols and standards requires process change management that is
independent of the implicated departments.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-13@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-F3yVEX content">
<p class="title-anooNr title mulish-bold-black-16px">Inadequate or obsolete job descriptions</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
There is no formal role or job description for a product owner—particularly one focused on
software—in the public sector. It is often the case that an individual champion will take on the
responsibility of managing software projects “off the side of their desk,” which can lead to
burnout or lost knowledge if that person leaves.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-13@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-SrDwTe content">
<div class="title-DGHBku title mulish-bold-black-16px">Insufficient time</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Staff who could learn from and contribute to ongoing conversations about procurement process
reform do not have the time to attend workshops and contribute, in addition to their daily job
requirements.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="challenge">
<img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge-13@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
<div class="content-93KSLG content">
<p class="title-1EsFhf title mulish-bold-black-16px">
Divergent or conflicting departmental agendas
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
These cause misalignment in priorities and friction before and during the software procurement and
development process—particularly when it comes to the details of scoping features or budgeting.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="actions-VMxXXP">
<div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Recommended actions</div></div>
<div class="cluster-pUsRIP cluster">
<p class="x1-training-and-desig-2lEV0Z titlesubsection">1. Training and designating product owners</p>
<p class="the-central-figure-i-2lEV0Z body">
<span class="span0-05UExO body"
>The central figure in an effective software procurement is the product owner </span
><span class="span1-05UExO mulish-normal-black-16px"
>(also known as a project manager or business analyst)</span
><span class="span2-05UExO body"
>. This person shepherds the procurement process. They will be working across and independently from
existing business units. They embed with a department (end users) and bring back specific
requirements. They have analytical and design thinking skills.</span
>
</p>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-HNbsUP content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-F7GL8n an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Hire (or designate and train) product owners
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Especially in a small administration, this might not be a full time job. In that case, the product
owner might be an IT professional, for example, but take on the role of managing a procurement
process, from orientation to maintenance.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="guidelinessolo-pUsRIP">
<div class="title-ptsov5 title">
<img class="iconguidelines-IyHr3X" src="img/icon-guidelines@2x.png" alt="icon.guidelines" />
<div class="guidelines-IyHr3X mulish-bold-black-16px">Attracting talent</div>
<img class="arrowdown-IyHr3X" src="img/arrow-down@2x.png" alt="arrow.down" />
</div>
<div class="flex-container-i23973552117085-ptsov5">
<div class="text0-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span0-xeT3HA detail"
>Technical staffing is one of the greatest perceived barriers to open source adoption. Few
government organizations have full-time staff </span
><span class="span1-xeT3HA mulish-normal-black-14px">(at leadership and implementation levels)</span
><span class="span2-xeT3HA detail">
with the skills and knowledge to procure, build, and maintain software. As a result, governments
rely on vendors, often leading to vendor lock-in, ballooning costs and hidden fees, and loss of
control over functionalities, updates and compliance.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text1-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span3-lxNUON titlesubsection-p"
>However, hiring and retaining talented IT professionals is easier in an organization that is open
source first:<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text2-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span4-x0LJcb detail"
>Open source software is widely used by companies, from development to production. That means
talent focus on developing capacity to use it, and seek opportunities to enhance their working
knowledge for career advancement.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text3-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span5-vsK0Wz detail"
>By contributing to open source software projects, individuals become part of a public “network of
trust” and add to their resumes.<br
/></span>
</div>
<div class="text4-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span6-8mh2id detail"
>Many people report that working with open source software improves their job satisfaction because
they are contributing to a massive community project </span
><span class="span7-8mh2id mulish-normal-black-14px"
>(source code fixes, bug reports, documentation updates, etc)</span
><span class="span8-8mh2id detail">.<br /></span>
</div>
<div class="text5-i23973552117085-YJm8Mt detail">
<span class="span9-9nBTCT detail"
>Open source software provides learning opportunities, because contributors have access to
“everything running under the hood” and can learn from more experienced developers.</span
>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cluster-hJZ7VO cluster">
<p class="x2-building-familiari-e9fEGm titlesubsection">
2. Building familiarity with software and procurement
</p>
<p class="champions-of-procure-e9fEGm body">
Champions of procurement innovation and software are key central figures that help their colleagues
become familiar with new ideas. They ensure that everyone involved is able to ask the right questions,
identify the right outcomes, and have a basic knowledge of the fundamental principles of modern
software design.
</p>
<div class="action">
<div class="iconknowledge-A7Kgup">
<div class="bulb-hjDm67">
<img class="union-xDNhzq" src="img/union@2x.png" alt="Union" />
<img class="group-194-xDNhzq" src="img/group-194@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
<img class="line-48-xDNhzq" src="img/line-48@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="content-A7Kgup content">
<p class="a-knowledge-acquisit-G7mPxJ mulish-bold-black-16px">
Read through this guide, and the additional resources in sections you are responsible for
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
If you are the product owner or procurement innovation lead, you should be an expert in the
process, and answer questions for others.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-qohlHT content">
<p
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-QO4KiM an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Designate a procurement innovation lead
</p>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
This person is passionate about procurement. They can lead workshops, answer questions, and work
closely with specific departments on how they can support new approaches to procurement.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
<div class="content-xVG8RX content">
<div
class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement-kYCPWk an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px"
>
Review past software procurements
</div>
<p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
Ask how have they been successful, and what could have been better. Don’t speculate—actually ask
users who use that product or who were involved in procuring it.