pacman: switch to long options for more readability

I think the long command options makes it a bit easier to understand
what's actually happening.

```
usage:  pacman <operation> [...]
operations:
    pacman {-h --help}
    pacman {-V --version}
    pacman {-D --database} <options> <package(s)>
    pacman {-F --files}    [options] [file(s)]
    pacman {-Q --query}    [options] [package(s)]
    pacman {-R --remove}   [options] <package(s)>
    pacman {-S --sync}     [options] [package(s)]
    pacman {-T --deptest}  [options] [package(s)]
    pacman {-U --upgrade}  [options] <file(s)>

use 'pacman {-h --help}' with an operation for available options
```

```
usage:  pacman {-Q --query} [options] [package(s)]
options:
  -b, --dbpath <path>  set an alternate database location
  -c, --changelog      view the changelog of a package
  -d, --deps           list packages installed as dependencies [filter]
  -e, --explicit       list packages explicitly installed [filter]
  -g, --groups         view all members of a package group
  -i, --info           view package information (-ii for backup files)
  -k, --check          check that package files exist (-kk for file properties)
  -l, --list           list the files owned by the queried package
  -m, --foreign        list installed packages not found in sync db(s) [filter]
  -n, --native         list installed packages only found in sync db(s) [filter]
  -o, --owns <file>    query the package that owns <file>
  -p, --file <package> query a package file instead of the database
  -q, --quiet          show less information for query and search
  -r, --root <path>    set an alternate installation root
  -s, --search <regex> search locally-installed packages for matching strings
  -t, --unrequired     list packages not (optionally) required by any
                       package (-tt to ignore optdepends) [filter]
  -u, --upgrades       list outdated packages [filter]
  -v, --verbose        be verbose
      --arch <arch>    set an alternate architecture
      --cachedir <dir> set an alternate package cache location
      --color <when>   colorize the output
      --config <path>  set an alternate configuration file
      --confirm        always ask for confirmation
      --debug          display debug messages
      --disable-download-timeout
                       use relaxed timeouts for download
      --gpgdir <path>  set an alternate home directory for GnuPG
      --hookdir <dir>  set an alternate hook location
      --logfile <path> set an alternate log file
      --noconfirm      do not ask for any confirmation
      --sysroot        operate on a mounted guest system (root-only)
```

```
usage:  pacman {-S --sync} [options] [package(s)]
options:
  -b, --dbpath <path>  set an alternate database location
  -c, --clean          remove old packages from cache directory (-cc for all)
  -d, --nodeps         skip dependency version checks (-dd to skip all checks)
  -g, --groups         view all members of a package group
                       (-gg to view all groups and members)
  -i, --info           view package information (-ii for extended information)
  -l, --list <repo>    view a list of packages in a repo
  -p, --print          print the targets instead of performing the operation
  -q, --quiet          show less information for query and search
  -r, --root <path>    set an alternate installation root
  -s, --search <regex> search remote repositories for matching strings
  -u, --sysupgrade     upgrade installed packages (-uu enables downgrades)
  -v, --verbose        be verbose
  -w, --downloadonly   download packages but do not install/upgrade anything
  -y, --refresh        download fresh package databases from the server
                       (-yy to force a refresh even if up to date)
      --arch <arch>    set an alternate architecture
      --asdeps         install packages as non-explicitly installed
      --asexplicit     install packages as explicitly installed
      --assume-installed <package=version>
                       add a virtual package to satisfy dependencies
      --cachedir <dir> set an alternate package cache location
      --color <when>   colorize the output
      --config <path>  set an alternate configuration file
      --confirm        always ask for confirmation
      --dbonly         only modify database entries, not package files
      --debug          display debug messages
      --disable-download-timeout
                       use relaxed timeouts for download
      --gpgdir <path>  set an alternate home directory for GnuPG
      --hookdir <dir>  set an alternate hook location
      --ignore <pkg>   ignore a package upgrade (can be used more than once)
      --ignoregroup <grp>
                       ignore a group upgrade (can be used more than once)
      --logfile <path> set an alternate log file
      --needed         do not reinstall up to date packages
      --noconfirm      do not ask for any confirmation
      --noprogressbar  do not show a progress bar when downloading files
      --noscriptlet    do not execute the install scriptlet if one exists
      --overwrite <glob>
                       overwrite conflicting files (can be used more than once)
      --print-format <string>
                       specify how the targets should be printed
      --sysroot        operate on a mounted guest system (root-only)
```

```
usage:  pacman {-R --remove} [options] <package(s)>
options:
  -b, --dbpath <path>  set an alternate database location
  -c, --cascade        remove packages and all packages that depend on them
  -d, --nodeps         skip dependency version checks (-dd to skip all checks)
  -n, --nosave         remove configuration files
  -p, --print          print the targets instead of performing the operation
  -r, --root <path>    set an alternate installation root
  -s, --recursive      remove unnecessary dependencies
                       (-ss includes explicitly installed dependencies)
  -u, --unneeded       remove unneeded packages
  -v, --verbose        be verbose
      --arch <arch>    set an alternate architecture
      --assume-installed <package=version>
                       add a virtual package to satisfy dependencies
      --cachedir <dir> set an alternate package cache location
      --color <when>   colorize the output
      --config <path>  set an alternate configuration file
      --confirm        always ask for confirmation
      --dbonly         only modify database entries, not package files
      --debug          display debug messages
      --disable-download-timeout
                       use relaxed timeouts for download
      --gpgdir <path>  set an alternate home directory for GnuPG
      --hookdir <dir>  set an alternate hook location
      --logfile <path> set an alternate log file
      --noconfirm      do not ask for any confirmation
      --noprogressbar  do not show a progress bar when downloading files
      --noscriptlet    do not execute the install scriptlet if one exists
      --print-format <string>
                       specify how the targets should be printed
      --sysroot        operate on a mounted guest system (root-only)
```

lib/puppet/provider/package/pacman.rb

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def self.yaourt?
 
   # Checks if a given name is a group
   def self.group?(name)
-    !pacman("-Sg", name).empty?
+    !pacman('--sync', '--groups', name).empty?
   rescue Puppet::ExecutionFailure
     # pacman returns an expected non-zero exit code when the name is not a group
     false
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def self.instances
   # returns a hash package => version of installed packages
   def self.get_installed_packages
     packages = {}
-    execpipe([command(:pacman), "-Q"]) do |pipe|
+    execpipe([command(:pacman), "--query"]) do |pipe|
       # pacman -Q output is 'packagename version-rel'
       regex = /^(\S+)\s(\S+)/
       pipe.each_line do |line|
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def self.get_installed_groups(installed_packages, filter = nil)
     groups = {}
     begin
       # Build a hash of group name => list of packages
-      command = [command(:pacman), "-Sgg"]
+      command = [command(:pacman), '--sync', '-gg']
       command << filter if filter
       execpipe(command) do |pipe|
         pipe.each_line do |line|
@@ -134,14 +134,14 @@ def latest
     resource_name = @resource[:name]
 
     # If target is a group, construct the group version
-    return pacman("-Sp", "--print-format", "%n %v", resource_name).lines.map(&:chomp).sort.join(', ') if self.class.group?(resource_name)
+    return pacman("--sync", "--print", "--print-format", "%n %v", resource_name).lines.map(&:chomp).sort.join(', ') if self.class.group?(resource_name)
 
     # Start by querying with pacman first
     # If that fails, retry using yaourt against the AUR
     pacman_check = true
     begin
       if pacman_check
-        output = pacman "-Sp", "--print-format", "%v", resource_name
+        output = pacman "--sync", "--print", "--print-format", "%v", resource_name
         output.chomp
       else
         output = yaourt "-Qma", resource_name
@@ -210,8 +210,8 @@ def remove_package(purge_configs = false)
 
     cmd = %w[--noconfirm --noprogressbar]
     cmd += uninstall_options if @resource[:uninstall_options]
-    cmd << "-R"
-    cmd << '-s' if is_group
+    cmd << "--remove"
+    cmd << '--recursive' if is_group
     cmd << '--nosave' if purge_configs
     cmd << resource_name
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ def install_from_file
              else
                fail _("Source %{source} is not supported by pacman") % { source: source }
              end
-    pacman "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-U", source
+    pacman "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "--update", source
   end
 
   def install_from_repo
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ def install_from_repo
 
     cmd = %w[--noconfirm --needed --noprogressbar]
     cmd += install_options if @resource[:install_options]
-    cmd << "-S" << resource_name
+    cmd << "--sync" << resource_name
 
     if self.class.yaourt?
       yaourt(*cmd)

spec/unit/provider/package/pacman_spec.rb

@@ -165,58 +165,58 @@
 
   describe "when purging" do
     it "should call pacman to remove the right package and configs quietly" do
-      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-R", "--nosave", resource[:name]]
+      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "--remove", "--nosave", resource[:name]]
       expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(args, no_extra_options).and_return("")
       provider.purge
     end
   end
 
   describe "when uninstalling" do
     it "should call pacman to remove the right package quietly" do
-      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-R", resource[:name]]
+      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "--remove", resource[:name]]
       expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(args, no_extra_options).and_return("")
       provider.uninstall
     end
 
     it "should call yaourt to remove the right package quietly" do
       without_partial_double_verification do
         allow(described_class).to receive(:yaourt?).and_return(true)
-        args = ["--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-R", resource[:name]]
+        args = ["--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "--remove", resource[:name]]
         expect(provider).to receive(:yaourt).with(*args)
         provider.uninstall
       end
     end
 
     it "adds any uninstall_options" do
       resource[:uninstall_options] = ['-x', {'--arg' => 'value'}]
-      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-x", "--arg=value", "-R", resource[:name]]
+      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-x", "--arg=value", "--remove", resource[:name]]
       expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(args, no_extra_options).and_return("")
       provider.uninstall
     end
 
     it "should recursively remove packages when given a package group" do
       allow(described_class).to receive(:group?).and_return(true)
-      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "-R", "-s", resource[:name]]
+      args = ["/usr/bin/pacman", "--noconfirm", "--noprogressbar", "--remove", "-s", resource[:name]]
       expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(args, no_extra_options).and_return("")
       provider.uninstall
     end
   end
 
   describe "when querying" do
     it "should query pacman" do
-      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Q'])
-      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Sgg', 'package'])
+      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--query'])
+      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--sync', '-gg', 'package'])
       provider.query
     end
 
     it "should return the version" do
       expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).
-          with(["/usr/bin/pacman", "-Q"]).and_yield(<<EOF)
+          with(["/usr/bin/pacman", "--query"]).and_yield(<<EOF)
 otherpackage 1.2.3.4
 package 1.01.3-2
 yetanotherpackage 1.2.3.4
 EOF
-      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sgg', 'package']).and_yield('')
+      expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '-gg', 'package']).and_yield('')
 
       expect(provider.query).to eq({ :name => 'package', :ensure => '1.01.3-2', :provider => :pacman,  })
     end
@@ -234,8 +234,8 @@
 
     describe 'when querying a group' do
       before :each do
-        expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Q']).and_yield('foo 1.2.3')
-        expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sgg', 'package']).and_yield('package foo')
+        expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--query']).and_yield('foo 1.2.3')
+        expect(executor).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '-gg', 'package']).and_yield('package foo')
       end
 
       it 'should warn when allow_virtual is false' do
@@ -254,14 +254,14 @@
 
   describe "when determining instances" do
     it "should retrieve installed packages and groups" do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Q'])
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Sgg'])
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--query'])
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--sync', '-gg'])
       described_class.instances
     end
 
     it "should return installed packages" do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Q']).and_yield(StringIO.new("package1 1.23-4\npackage2 2.00\n"))
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Sgg']).and_yield("")
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--query']).and_yield(StringIO.new("package1 1.23-4\npackage2 2.00\n"))
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--sync', '-gg']).and_yield("")
       instances = described_class.instances
 
       expect(instances.length).to eq(2)
@@ -280,11 +280,11 @@
     end
 
     it "should return completely installed groups with a virtual version together with packages" do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Q']).and_yield(<<EOF)
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--query']).and_yield(<<EOF)
 package1 1.00
 package2 1.00
 EOF
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Sgg']).and_yield(<<EOF)
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--sync', '-gg']).and_yield(<<EOF)
 group1 package1
 group1 package2
 EOF
@@ -310,10 +310,10 @@
     end
 
     it "should not return partially installed packages" do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Q']).and_yield(<<EOF)
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--query']).and_yield(<<EOF)
 package1 1.00
 EOF
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '-Sgg']).and_yield(<<EOF)
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(["/usr/bin/pacman", '--sync', '-gg']).and_yield(<<EOF)
 group1 package1
 group1 package2
 EOF
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
     end
 
     it 'should sort package names for installed groups' do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sgg', 'group1']).and_yield(<<EOF)
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:execpipe).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '-gg', 'group1']).and_yield(<<EOF)
 group1 aa
 group1 b
 group1 a
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@
     it "should get query pacman for the latest version" do
       expect(executor).to receive(:execute).
         ordered.
-        with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sp', '--print-format', '%v', resource[:name]], no_extra_options).
+        with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '--print', '--print-format', '%v', resource[:name]], no_extra_options).
         and_return("")
 
       provider.latest
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
 
     it "should return a virtual group version when resource is a package group" do
       allow(described_class).to receive(:group?).and_return(true)
-      expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sp', '--print-format', '%n %v', resource[:name]], no_extra_options).ordered.
+      expect(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '--print', '--print-format', '%n %v', resource[:name]], no_extra_options).ordered.
         and_return(<<EOF)
 package2 1.0.1
 package1 1.0.0
@@ -389,17 +389,17 @@
     end
 
     it 'should return false on non-zero pacman exit' do
-      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sg', 'git'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_raise(Puppet::ExecutionFailure, 'error')
+      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '--groups', 'git'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_raise(Puppet::ExecutionFailure, 'error')
       expect(described_class.group?('git')).to eq(false)
     end
 
     it 'should return false on empty pacman output' do
-      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sg', 'git'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_return('')
+      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '--groups', 'git'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_return('')
       expect(described_class.group?('git')).to eq(false)
     end
 
     it 'should return true on non-empty pacman output' do
-      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '-Sg', 'vim-plugins'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_return('vim-plugins vim-a')
+      allow(executor).to receive(:execute).with(['/usr/bin/pacman', '--sync', '--groups', 'vim-plugins'], {:failonfail => true, :combine => true, :custom_environment => {}}).and_return('vim-plugins vim-a')
       expect(described_class.group?('vim-plugins')).to eq(true)
     end
   end
@@ -409,21 +409,21 @@
     let(:groups) { [['foo package1'], ['foo package2'], ['bar package3'], ['bar package4'], ['baz package5']] }
 
     it 'should raise an error on non-zero pacman exit without a filter' do
-      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman -Sgg 2>&1').and_return('error!')
+      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman --sync -gg 2>&1').and_return('error!')
       expect(Puppet::Util::Execution).to receive(:exitstatus).and_return(1)
       expect { described_class.get_installed_groups(installed_packages) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ExecutionFailure, 'error!')
     end
 
     it 'should return empty groups on non-zero pacman exit with a filter' do
-      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman -Sgg git 2>&1').and_return('')
+      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman --sync -gg git 2>&1').and_return('')
       expect(Puppet::Util::Execution).to receive(:exitstatus).and_return(1)
       expect(described_class.get_installed_groups(installed_packages, 'git')).to eq({})
     end
 
     it 'should return empty groups on empty pacman output' do
       pipe = double()
       expect(pipe).to receive(:each_line)
-      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman -Sgg 2>&1').and_yield(pipe).and_return('')
+      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman --sync -gg 2>&1').and_yield(pipe).and_return('')
       expect(Puppet::Util::Execution).to receive(:exitstatus).and_return(0)
       expect(described_class.get_installed_groups(installed_packages)).to eq({})
     end
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@
       pipe_expectation = receive(:each_line)
       groups.each { |group| pipe_expectation = pipe_expectation.and_yield(*group) }
       expect(pipe).to pipe_expectation
-      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman -Sgg 2>&1').and_yield(pipe).and_return('')
+      expect(executor).to receive(:open).with('| /usr/bin/pacman --sync -gg 2>&1').and_yield(pipe).and_return('')
       expect(Puppet::Util::Execution).to receive(:exitstatus).and_return(0)
       expect(described_class.get_installed_groups(installed_packages)).to eq({'foo' => 'package1 1.0, package2 2.0'})
     end