feat: add derived type argument tests

[TimothyMakkison]

Test documenting argument covariance behavious on path and queries.

See #1882

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 83.80%. Comparing base (6ebeda5) to head (447342b).
Report is 138 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1883      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   87.73%   83.80%   -3.93%     
==========================================
  Files          33       36       +3     
  Lines        2348     2476     +128     
  Branches      294      347      +53     
==========================================
+ Hits         2060     2075      +15     
- Misses        208      318     +110     
- Partials       80       83       +3     

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