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R Markdown Format for reveal.js Presentations

CRAN status R-CMD-check reveal.js

Overview

This repository provides an R Markdown custom format for reveal.js HTML presentations. The packages includes reveal.js library in version 4.2.1

You can use this format in R Markdown documents by installing this package as follows:

install.packages("revealjs")

To create a reveal.js presentation from R Markdown you specify the revealjs_presentation output format in the front-matter of your document. You can create a slide show broken up into sections by using the # and ## heading tags (you can also create a new slide without a header using a horizontal rule (----). For example here’s a simple slide show:

---
title: "Habits"
author: John Doe
date: March 22, 2005
output: revealjs::revealjs_presentation
---

# In the morning

## Getting up

- Turn off alarm
- Get out of bed

## Breakfast

- Eat eggs
- Drink coffee

# In the evening

## Dinner

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

## Going to sleep

- Get in bed
- Count sheep

Rendering

Depending on your use case, there are 3 ways you can render the presentation.

  1. RStudio
  2. R console
  3. Terminal (e.g., bash)

RStudio

When creating the presentation in RStudio, there will be a Knit button right below the source tabs. By default, it will render the current document and place the rendered HTML file in the same directory as the source file, with the same name.

R Console

The Knit button is actually calling the rmarkdown::render() function. So, to render the document within the R console:

rmarkdown::render('my_reveal_presentation.Rmd')

There are many other output tweaks you can use by directly calling render. You can read up on the documentation for more details.

Command Line

When you need the presentation to be rendered from the command line:

Rscript -e "rmarkdown::render('my_reveal_presentation.Rmd')"

Display Modes

The following single character keyboard shortcuts enable alternate display modes:

  • 'f' enable fullscreen mode

  • 'o' enable overview mode

  • 'b' enable pause mode with a black screen hiding slide content

  • '?' enable help mode to show keyboard shortcut cheatsheet

  • 's' enable presentation mode with speaker notes when the Notes plugin is activated

  • 'm' enable menu mode when the ‘menu’ plugin is activated

Pressing Esc exits all of these modes.

Incremental Bullets

You can render bullets incrementally by adding the incremental option:

---
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    incremental: true
---

If you want to render bullets incrementally for some slides but not others you can use this syntax:

::: incremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::

or

::: nonincremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::

Incremental Revealing

You can also add pauses between content on a slide using . . .

# Slide header

Content shown first

. . .

Content shown next on the same slide

Using Fragments explicitly is also possible

# Slide header

Content shown first

::: fragment
Content shown next on the same slide
:::

Appearance and Style

There are several options that control the appearance of revealjs presentations:

  • theme specifies the theme to use for the presentation (available themes are “simple”, “dark”, “black”, “sky”, “beige”, “serif”, “solarized”, “blood”, “moon”, “night”, “league”, or “white”

  • highlight specifies the syntax highlighting style. Supported styles include “default”, “tango”, “pygments”, “kate”, “monochrome”, “espresso”, “zenburn”, “haddock”, or “breezedark”. Pass null to prevent syntax highlighting.

  • center specifies whether you want to vertically center content on slides (this defaults to false).

For example:

output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    theme: sky
    highlight: pygments
    center: true

Revealjs documentation about themes

Slide Transitions

You can use the transition and background_transition options to specify the global default slide transition style:

  • transition specifies the visual effect when moving between slides. Available transitions are “convex”, “fade”, “slide”, “concave”, “zoom”, or “none”.

  • background_transition specifies the background transition effect when moving between full page slides. Available transitions are “convex”, “fade”, “slide”, “concave”, “zoom”, or “none”

For example:

output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    transition: fade
    background_transition: slide

You can override the global transition for a specific slide by using the data-transition attribute, for example:

## Use a zoom transition {data-transition="zoom"}

## Use a faster speed {data-transition-speed="fast"}

You can also use different in and out transitions for the same slide, for example:

## Fade in, Slide out {data-transition="slide-in fade-out"}

## Slide in, Fade out {data-transition="fade-in slide-out"}

This works also for background transition

## Use a zoomed background transition {data-background-transition="zoom"}

Revealjs documentation about transitions

Slide Backgrounds

Slides are contained within a limited portion of the screen by default to allow them to fit any display and scale uniformly. You can apply full page backgrounds outside of the slide area by adding a data-background attribute to your slide header element. Four different types of backgrounds are supported: color, image, video and iframe. Below are a few examples.

## CSS color background {data-background-color=#ff0000}

## Full size image background {data-background-image="background.jpeg"}

## Video background {data-background-video="background.mp4"}

## Embed a web page as a background {data-background-iframe="https://example.com"}

Backgrounds transition using a fade animation by default. This can be changed to a linear sliding transition by specifying the background-transition: slide. Alternatively you can set data-background-transition on any slide with a background to override that specific transition.

Revealjs documentation about backgrounds

2-D Presentations

You can use the slide_level option to specify which level of heading will be used to denote individual slides. If slide_level is 2 (the default), a two-dimensional layout will be produced, with level 1 headers building horizontally and level 2 headers building vertically. For example:

# Horizontal Slide 1

## Vertical Slide 1

## Vertical Slide 2

# Horizontal Slide 2

With this layout horizontal navigation will proceed directly from “Horizontal Slide 1” to “Horizontal Slide 2”, with vertical navigation to “Vertical Slide 1”, etc. presented as an option on “Horizontal Slide 1”. Global reveal option navigationMode can be tweaked to change this behavior.

Reveal Options

Reveal.js has many additional options to configure it’s behavior. You can specify any of these options using reveal_options, for example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    self_contained: false
    reveal_options:
      slideNumber: true
      previewLinks: true
---

You can find documentation on the various available Reveal.js options here: https://revealjs.com/config/.

Figure Options

There are a number of options that affect the output of figures within reveal.js presentations:

  • fig_width and fig_height can be used to control the default figure width and height (7x5 is used by default)

  • fig_retina Specifies the scaling to perform for retina displays (defaults to 2, which currently works for all widely used retina displays). Note that this only takes effect if you are using knitr >= 1.5.21. Set to null to prevent retina scaling.

  • fig_caption controls whether figures are rendered with captions

For example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    fig_width: 7
    fig_height: 6
    fig_caption: true
---

MathJax Equations

By default MathJax scripts are included in reveal.js presentations for rendering LaTeX and MathML equations. You can use the mathjax option to control how MathJax is included:

  • Specify “default” to use an https URL from the official MathJax CDN.

  • Specify “local” to use a local version of MathJax (which is copied into the output directory). Note that when using “local” you also need to set the self_contained option to false.

  • Specify an alternate URL to load MathJax from another location.

  • Specify null to exclude MathJax entirely.

For example, to use a local copy of MathJax:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    mathjax: local
    self_contained: false
---

To use a self-hosted copy of MathJax:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    mathjax: "http://example.com/mathjax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"
---

To exclude MathJax entirely:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    mathjax: null
---

Document Dependencies

By default R Markdown produces standalone HTML files with no external dependencies, using data: URIs to incorporate the contents of linked scripts, stylesheets, images, and videos. This means you can share or publish the file just like you share Office documents or PDFs. If you’d rather keep dependencies in external files you can specify self_contained: false. For example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    self_contained: false
---

Note that even for self contained documents MathJax is still loaded externally (this is necessary because of it’s size). If you want to serve MathJax locally then you should specify mathjax: local and self_contained: false.

One common reason keep dependencies external is for serving R Markdown documents from a website (external dependencies can be cached separately by browsers leading to faster page load times). In the case of serving multiple R Markdown documents you may also want to consolidate dependent library files (e.g. Bootstrap, MathJax, etc.) into a single directory shared by multiple documents. You can use the lib_dir option to do this, for example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    self_contained: false
    lib_dir: libs
---

Reveal Plugins

You can enable various reveal.js plugins using the reveal_plugins option. Plugins currently supported include:

Plugin Description
notes Present per-slide notes in a separate browser window. Open Note view pressing S.
zoom Zoom in and out of selected content with Alt+Click.
search Find a text string anywhere in the slides and show the next occurrence to the user. Open search box using CTRL + SHIFT + F.
chalkboard Include handwritten notes within a presentation. Press c to write on slides, Press b to open a whiteboard or chalkboard to write.
menu Include a navigation menu within a presentation. Press m to open the menu.

Note that the use of plugins requires that the self_contained option be set to false. For example, this presentation includes both the “notes” and “search” plugins:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    self_contained: false
    reveal_plugins: ["notes", "search"]
---

You can specify additional options for the chalkboard and menu plugins using reveal_options, for example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    self_contained: false
    reveal_plugins: ["chalkboard", "menu"]
    reveal_options:
      chalkboard:
        theme: whiteboard
        toggleNotesButton: false
      menu:
        side: right
---

No other plugins can be added in revealjs_presentation(). You can open feature request for new plugins or you would need to use a custom template to write your own HTML format including custom plugins.

Advanced Customization

Includes

You can do more advanced customization of output by including additional HTML content or by replacing the core pandoc template entirely. To include content in the document header or before/after the document body you use the includes option as follows:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    includes:
      in_header: header.html
      before_body: doc_prefix.html
      after_body: doc_suffix.html
---

Pandoc Arguments

If there are pandoc features you want to use that lack equivalents in the YAML options described above you can still use them by passing custom pandoc_args. For example:

---
title: "Habits"
output:
  revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
    pandoc_args: [
      "--title-prefix", "Foo",
      "--id-prefix", "Bar"
    ]
---

Documentation on all available pandoc arguments can be found in the pandoc user guide.

Shared Options

If you want to specify a set of default options to be shared by multiple documents within a directory you can include a file named _output.yaml within the directory. Note that no YAML delimiters or enclosing output object are used in this file. For example:

_output.yaml

revealjs::revealjs_presentation:
  theme: sky
  transition: fade
  highlight: pygments

All documents located in the same directory as _output.yaml will inherit it’s options. Options defined explicitly within documents will override those specified in the shared options file.

Code of Conduct

Please note that the revealjs project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.